Method for automatically generating geological drilling model in three-dimensional GIS scene

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional geographic information systems and geological exploration, and particularly provides a method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene, which comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-source heterogeneous geological drilling data, and carrying out structured processing on the geological drilling data to form a positioning table, an inclinometer and a rock weathering table; reading a positioning table, and uniformly converting hole opening coordinates in the positioning table into a CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system; performing association query on the positioning table, the inclinometer and the rock weathering table, encoding a query result obtained by query into a GeoJson file, and forming a file service; requesting a data packet in a three-dimensional GIS scene, analyzing drilling data of the data packet, and filling the drilling structural body array; and drawing a drilling cylinder in a segmented manner, drawing a serial number and a scale of a drilling hole, generating a drilling model, and carrying out visual adjustment. According to the method, the complete information of each piece of drilling data is obtained by performing association query on the data table, so that the accuracy of the drilling data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional geographic information systems and geological exploration technology, and in particular provides a method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of geological exploration, underground resource management, mining engineering construction, etc., geological drilling data, as key information for evaluating geological structure, is of great significance for groundwater level analysis, mineral resource assessment, and engineering risk prevention.

[0003] Most existing methods rely on manual or semi-automatic methods to convert borehole data into 3D models. This process is not only tedious and time-consuming, but also difficult to ensure model accuracy and consistency. Furthermore, traditional methods lack effective means to integrate borehole data with multi-source heterogeneous data such as topography and ore body models, limiting their application value in complex geological analysis.

[0004] In the existing patent, application number: CN202010151931.7, invention name: A method for automatically constructing a three-dimensional geological borehole model quickly and automatically constructs a three-dimensional geological borehole model based on the borehole file and the bottom layer information encountered. However, it does not take into account the problems of the wide variety of original formats of geological boreholes and data dispersion in actual applications, and does not involve the standardization and structured processing of multi-source heterogeneous original data. Secondly, the generated model needs to be exported as a model file, and coordinate conversion, model lightweighting and other processing are required when loading in the three-dimensional GIS scene.

[0005] Application number: CN202410472251.3, invention name: A three-dimensional drilling model parametric construction method and equipment realizes the parametric modeling of the three-dimensional drilling model and exports the 3DTiles format model. It does not consider the seamless connection between model generation and GIS scene. It is difficult to obtain model-related parameters in the GIS scene and difficult to support subsequent integrated analysis. In terms of visualization, it does not consider the drawing of dynamic adaptive scales, and the information display is not intuitive.

[0006] In summary, it is particularly important to develop a method that can automatically and efficiently generate high-precision geological borehole models. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This paper proposes a method for automatically generating geological borehole models in a 3D GIS environment. This method automatically generates geological borehole models in a 3D GIS environment by structuring multi-source, heterogeneous borehole data, unifying spatial datums, performing GeoJSON encoding, and dynamically calculating and drawing borehole stakeout segments. This method provides efficient and accurate technical support for engineering surveys, smart mine management, and digital twin applications.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention claims a method for automatically generating a geological borehole model in a three-dimensional GIS scene, comprising: Step S1: Acquire multi-source heterogeneous geological drilling data, perform structured processing on the geological drilling data, and form a positioning table, an inclinometer table, and a rock weathering table; Step S2: reading the positioning table, and converting the opening coordinates in the positioning table into the CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system; Step S3: performing an associated query on the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table, encoding the query results obtained into a GeoJson file and forming a file service; Step S4: requesting a data packet in a three-dimensional GIS scene, parsing the drilling data in the data packet, and filling a drilling structure array; Step S5: Draw the drilled cylinder in sections, draw the numbers and scales of the drilled holes, generate a drilled model and perform visual adjustment.

[0009] Furthermore, the step S1 further includes: Step S11: Collect geological drilling results data from each exploration unit, including at least field records, Excel spreadsheets, and Access databases; Step S12: Designing the table structures of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table; Step S13: extracting the required relevant information of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table from the geological drilling result data collected in step S11, uniformly coding the non-numerical attributes of the rock weathering degree and inserting them into each table.

[0010] Furthermore, the step S2 includes: Step S21: traverse the positioning table to obtain the projection coordinates X and Y of the drilling hole; Step S22: Take the first two digits of the Y coordinate and assign them to the projection band number ; Step S23: Calculate the central meridian longitude of the borehole : (1) Step S24: X, Y, Substitute the Gaussian inverse calculation formula to calculate the geographic coordinates of the borehole under CGCS2000 , and obtain the automatically generated unified coordinate datum of the borehole in the 3D GIS scene.

[0011] Furthermore, step S3 includes: Step S31: using the borehole number as a connection condition, performing an inner join query on the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table to obtain the borehole opening coordinates, depth, azimuth, inclination, and segmented rock weathering degree set attributes; Step S32: There is a one-to-many connection between the positioning table and the rock weathering table. The query results of step S31 are traversed, and multiple rock weathering degree records of the same borehole are merged into the same array to ensure that the result set contains only one record for each borehole. Step S33: Using the geographic coordinates As the geometric attribute of Geometry, other fields are used as additional attributes, each record is encoded as GeoJSON Point type, and the whole is output as a GeoJSON file; Step S34: Upload the output GeoJSON file to a file server for calling in a three-dimensional GIS scene.

[0012] Furthermore, the step S4 includes: Step S41: establishing a drilling structure array and sending a data packet request; Step S42: After responding to the data packet request, the set attributes of the opening coordinates, depth, azimuth, inclination, and rock weathering degree of each borehole are parsed, assigned to the borehole structure, and inserted into the borehole structure array.

[0013] Furthermore, the step S5 includes: Step S51: According to the drilling coordinates ( , , ) and stakeout start elevation ( , ) Calculate the offset matrix of each lofted section: (2) Step S52: Draw the current staked section borehole cylinder segment by segment based on the offset matrix, borehole radius, and staked length, and assign different colors to the cylinder according to the lithology of the current section; Step S53: Drilling coordinates ( , , ) and label offset ( , , ) are added to obtain the label generation position, and the drilling location number label is drawn at this position; Step S54: Draw a ruler and define the drilling depth , the ruler is based on the bottom coordinate of the drill hole ( , , - l Take as the base point, draw a large scale every interval Draw a small scale every interval Draw a small scale every interval And Take from the following empirical formula: (3) Step S55: repeat steps S51-S54 to generate all borehole models; Step S56: set the distance scaling ratio and visual distance for all borehole models, so that the borehole model visualization effect is best under different scales.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application processes the multi-source heterogeneous borehole data structurally, forms a positioning table, an inclination table and a rock weathering table, and then obtains the complete information of each borehole data through associated query of the three tables, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the borehole data; The structured borehole data is encoded by GeoJson, which ensures lightweight transmission and reduces the pressure of parsing borehole data on the GIS side; By dynamically calculating the positions and visualization information of different lofting section cylinders and scales, the automatic drawing of the borehole is realized, and data basement is provided for realizing interpolation, sectioning, simulation and other complex functions; According to the length of the borehole, the scales are calculated and drawn, which ensures the intuitive display of the borehole lithology and lofting height information, and provides the best visualization effect.

[0015] The present application relates to the field of three-dimensional geographic information systems and geological exploration technology, and specifically provides a method for automatically generating a geological borehole model in a three-dimensional GIS scene, obtaining multi-source heterogeneous geological borehole data, structurally processing the geological borehole data to form a positioning table, an inclination table and a rock weathering table; reading the positioning table, uniformly converting the opening coordinates in the positioning table into CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system; performing associated query on the positioning table, the inclination table and the rock weathering table, encoding the query results obtained by the query into a GeoJson file and forming a file service; requesting a data packet in the three-dimensional GIS scene, analyzing the borehole data of the data packet, and filling the borehole structure array; segmenting and drawing the borehole cylinder, drawing the number and scale of the borehole, generating the borehole model and performing visual adjustment. The present application obtains the complete information of each borehole data through associated query of the data table, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the borehole data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1A workflow diagram of a method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene as claimed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 、 3 Schematic diagram of the automatically generated drilling model at different spatial scales. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The terms "first," "second," and "third" in this disclosure are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this disclosure are intended only to illustrate the relative positional relationships and movement of components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements and may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0019] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention claims a method for automatically generating a geological borehole model in a three-dimensional GIS scene, referring to Figure 1 ,include: Step S1: Acquire multi-source heterogeneous geological drilling data, perform structured processing on the geological drilling data, and form a positioning table, an inclinometer table, and a rock weathering table; Step S2: reading the positioning table, and converting the opening coordinates in the positioning table into the CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system; Step S3: performing an associated query on the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table, encoding the query results obtained into a GeoJson file and forming a file service; Step S4: requesting a data packet in a three-dimensional GIS scene, parsing the drilling data in the data packet, and filling a drilling structure array; Step S5: Draw the drilled cylinder in sections, draw the numbers and scales of the drilled holes, generate a drilled model and perform visual adjustment.

[0021] Furthermore, the step S1 further includes: Step S11: Collect geological drilling results data from each exploration unit, including at least field records, Excel spreadsheets, and Access databases; Step S12: Designing the table structures of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table; Step S13: extracting the required relevant information of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table from the geological drilling result data collected in step S11, uniformly coding the non-numerical attributes of the rock weathering degree and inserting them into each table.

[0022] Among them, in this embodiment, the positioning table should include fields such as drill hole number, opening coordinate X, opening coordinate Y, opening coordinate H, maximum hole depth, trajectory type, etc.; the inclinometer table should include fields such as drill hole number, depth, azimuth, inclination, etc.; the rock weathering table should include fields such as drill hole number, starting height of the layout section, sample length, and degree of rock weathering.

[0023] Furthermore, the step S2 includes: Step S21: traverse the positioning table to obtain the projection coordinates X and Y of the drilling hole; Step S22: Take the first two digits of the Y coordinate and assign them to the projection band number ; Step S23: Calculate the central meridian longitude of the borehole : (1) Step S24: X, Y, Substitute the Gaussian inverse calculation formula to calculate the geographic coordinates of the borehole under CGCS2000 , and obtain the automatically generated unified coordinate datum of the borehole in the 3D GIS scene.

[0024] Furthermore, step S3 includes: Step S31: Drill hole numbering As a connection condition, the positioning table , Inclinometer , rock weathering table Perform inner join query to obtain the drilling coordinates ( , , ),depth , azimuth ,inclination , the degree of rock weathering by segment Collection properties, an inner join query SQL example is as follows:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] i

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] Step S32: There is a one-to-many connection between the positioning table and the rock weathering table. The query results of step S31 are traversed, and multiple rock weathering degree records of the same borehole are merged into the same array to ensure that the result set contains only one record for each borehole. Step S33: Using the geographic coordinates As the geometric attribute of Geometry, other fields are used as additional attributes, each record is encoded as GeoJSON Point type, and the whole is output as a GeoJSON file; Step S34: Upload the output GeoJSON file to a file server for calling in a three-dimensional GIS scene.

[0031] Furthermore, the step S4 includes: Step S41: establishing a drilling structure array and sending a data packet request; Step S42: After responding to the data packet request, the set attributes of the opening coordinates, depth, azimuth, inclination, and rock weathering degree of each borehole are parsed, assigned to the borehole structure, and inserted into the borehole structure array.

[0032] Furthermore, the step S5 includes: Step S51: According to the drilling coordinates ( , , ) and stakeout start elevation ( , ) Calculate the offset matrix of each lofted section: (2) Step S52: Draw the current staked section borehole cylinder segment by segment based on the offset matrix, borehole radius, and staked length, and assign different colors to the cylinder according to the lithology of the current section; Step S53: Drilling coordinates ( , , ) and label offset ( , , ) are added to obtain the label generation position, and the drilling location number label is drawn at this position; In this embodiment, the label offset is set to ( , , ), indicating that the label is drawn 10 pixels above the drill hole.

[0033] Step S54: Draw a ruler and define the drilling depth , the ruler is based on the bottom coordinate of the drill hole ( , , - l ) as the base point, each interval upward Draw a large scale, every interval Draw a small scale and add a drilling depth mark at the large scale. and Taken from the following empirical formula: (3) Step S55: Repeat steps S51-S54 to generate all drilling models; Step S56: setting distance scaling and visual distance for all drilling models to achieve optimal visualization of drilling models at different scales.

[0034] In this embodiment, the scaleByDistance attribute of the borehole geometry is used to set the scaling ratio and visual distance of the borehole model to (2000, 1, 10000, 0). This means that when the distance between the 3D GIS scene camera and the borehole geometry is between 2000 and 10000, the borehole is scaled using an interpolated value between 1 and 0. When the distance is less than 2000, the borehole is displayed at a 1:1 ratio, and when the distance is greater than 10000, it is not displayed.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , which are schematic diagrams of the automatically generated drilling model effects when the camera distance is 8000 meters and 3500 meters respectively.

[0036] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0037] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] The above detailed description of the specific embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative only, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating a geological borehole model in a three-dimensional GIS scene, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Acquire multi-source heterogeneous geological drilling data, perform structured processing on the geological drilling data, and form a positioning table, an inclinometer table, and a rock weathering table; Step S2: reading the positioning table, and converting the opening coordinates in the positioning table into the CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system; Step S3: performing an associated query on the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table, encoding the query results obtained into a GeoJson file and forming a file service; Step S4: requesting a data packet in a three-dimensional GIS scene, parsing the drilling data in the data packet, and filling a drilling structure array; Step S5: Draw the drilled cylinder in sections, draw the numbers and scales of the drilled holes, generate a drilled model and perform visual adjustment.

2. The method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 further includes: Step S11: Collect geological drilling results data from each exploration unit, including at least field records, Excel spreadsheets, and Access databases; Step S12: Designing the table structures of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table; Step S13: extracting the required relevant information of the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table from the geological drilling result data collected in step S11, uniformly coding the non-numerical attributes of the rock weathering degree and inserting them into each table.

3. The method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: Step S21: traverse the positioning table to obtain the projection coordinates X and Y of the drilling hole; Step S22: Take the first two digits of the Y coordinate and assign them to the projection band number ; Step S23: Calculate the central meridian longitude of the borehole : (1) Step S24: X, Y, Substitute the Gaussian inverse formula to calculate the geographic coordinates of the borehole under CGCS2000 , and obtain the automatically generated unified coordinate datum of the borehole in the 3D GIS scene.

4. The method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: Step S31: using the borehole number as a connection condition, performing an inner join query on the positioning table, the inclinometer table, and the rock weathering table to obtain the borehole opening coordinates, depth, azimuth, inclination, and segmented rock weathering degree set attributes; Step S32: There is a one-to-many connection between the positioning table and the rock weathering table. The query results of step S31 are traversed, and multiple rock weathering degree records of the same borehole are merged into the same array to ensure that the result set contains only one record for each borehole. Step S33: Using the geographic coordinates As the geometric attribute of Geometry, other fields are used as additional attributes, each record is encoded as GeoJSON Point type, and the whole is output as a GeoJSON file; Step S34: Upload the output GeoJSON file to a file server for calling in a three-dimensional GIS scene.

5. The method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: Step S41: establishing a drilling structure array and sending a data packet request; Step S42: After responding to the data packet request, the set attributes of the opening coordinates, depth, azimuth, inclination, and rock weathering degree of each borehole are parsed, assigned to the borehole structure, and inserted into the borehole structure array.

6. The method for automatically generating a geological drilling model in a three-dimensional GIS scene according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: Step S51: According to the drilling coordinates ( , , ) and stakeout start elevation ( , ) Calculate the offset matrix of each lofted section: (2) Step S52: Draw the current staked section borehole cylinder segment by segment based on the offset matrix, borehole radius, and staked length, and assign different colors to the cylinder according to the lithology of the current section; Step S53: Drilling coordinates ( , , ) and label offset ( , , ) are added to obtain the label generation position, and the drilling location number label is drawn at this position; Step S54: Draw a ruler and define the drilling depth , the ruler is based on the bottom coordinate of the drill hole ( , , - l ) as the base point, each interval upward Draw a large scale, every interval Draw a small scale and add a drilling depth mark at the large scale. and Taken from the following empirical formula: (3) Step S55: Repeat steps S51-S54 to generate all drilling models; Step S56: setting distance scaling and visual distance for all drilling models to achieve optimal visualization of drilling models at different scales.

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