A method for simultaneously measuring liquid film thickness and interaction forces between liquid droplets

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method for simultaneously measuring liquid film thickness and interaction force between liquid droplets, comprising: controlling two liquid droplets to be measured to approach each other and to undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein the liquid film drainage process represents a process of liquid film drainage between the two liquid droplets to be measured; acquiring liquid droplet images of the two liquid droplets to be measured and an interference image of the liquid film between the two liquid droplets to be measured at the same time during the liquid film drainage process; wherein the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two liquid droplets to be measured based on irradiation of a multi-beam laser light source; and processing the liquid droplet images and the interference image to obtain the liquid film thickness between the two liquid droplets to be measured and the interaction force between the two liquid droplets to be measured. Through the present disclosure, the liquid film thickness and the interaction force between the liquid droplets are accurately measured simultaneously, and the method has the advantages of simple and fast operation, low price, etc.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510559999.1, filed on April 29, 2025, entitled "A method for simultaneously measuring the thickness of a liquid film and the interaction force between droplets", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of liquid-liquid two-phase flow technology, and more particularly to a method for simultaneously measuring the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction force between droplets. Background Technology

[0003] Liquid-liquid two-phase flow is widely used in numerous industrial fields such as chemical engineering, nuclear industry, biomedicine, and materials preparation. The coalescence behavior between droplets significantly influences the flow and mass transfer processes between liquid-liquid phases. The process of droplet-droplet coalescence is essentially a liquid film drainage process. Two droplets approach each other at a certain relative velocity, and upon reaching a certain distance, they undergo compression deformation to form a liquid film, after which the drainage process begins. When the liquid film thins to a critical thickness, it ruptures, and the two droplets coalesce. Droplet-droplet coalescence is a dynamic process of inter-droplet interaction, requiring a combination of interfacial deformation and forces to fully understand. Therefore, to gain a deeper understanding of the droplet-droplet coalescence mechanism, simultaneously measuring the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction forces between droplets is of significant scientific value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this disclosure provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and computer program product for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets.

[0005] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets, the method comprising:

[0006] Two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film being discharged between the two test droplets;

[0007] During the process of acquiring the drainage membrane, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets are captured at the same time; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source;

[0008] The droplet image and the interference image are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets and the interaction force between the two droplets.

[0009] In one possible implementation, controlling the two test droplets to move closer to each other includes:

[0010] The positions of the two test droplets are fixed, and the volume of at least one of the two test droplets is controlled to increase so that the two test droplets move closer to each other;

[0011] or,

[0012] The volumes of the two test droplets are fixed, and at least one of the test droplets is controlled to move so that the two test droplets move closer to each other.

[0013] In one possible implementation, processing the droplet image and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets includes:

[0014] Based on the interference image, calculate the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested;

[0015] The interaction force between the two droplets to be tested is calculated based on the droplet image.

[0016] In one possible implementation, calculating the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets based on the interference image includes:

[0017] For the multiple wavelengths corresponding to the multi-beam laser source, determine the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes in the interference image for each wavelength.

[0018] Determine the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point in the interference image;

[0019] Based on the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength, and a preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes, the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target location point is determined; wherein, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes represents the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, the light intensity value corresponding to any location point in the interference image, and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that location point.

[0020] In one possible implementation, calculating the interaction force between the two test droplets based on the droplet image includes:

[0021] Based on the droplet image, determine the target external contour of any one of the two droplets to be tested;

[0022] Based on the target outer contour, and based on the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet, the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested is determined; wherein, the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet represents the relationship between the outer contour of one droplet and the magnitude of the force acting on that droplet by the other droplet in the two droplets that generate a drainage film.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity value of the interference fringes is expressed as:

[0024]

[0025] Where h represents the liquid film thickness at any point in the interference image, λ represents the wavelength, and I represents the light intensity at that point. MAX and I MIN λ represents the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each interference fringe corresponding to wavelength λ, n represents the reflectance coefficient of the medium, and δ represents the phase shift of the light reflected from the liquid film surface between the two test droplets.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the predetermined relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet is expressed as:

[0027]

[0028] Where F represents the force acting on the first droplet, k b The radius of curvature r represents the position on the outer contour of the first droplet that is closest to the second droplet. c The range of the interaction force between the first droplet and the second droplet is represented by γ, the interfacial tension between the first droplet and the external fluid is represented by Δρ, the density difference between the fluid inside the first droplet and the external fluid is represented by g, the acceleration due to gravity is represented by r, the radial direction is represented by z, and the direction perpendicular to the radial direction is represented by z.

[0029] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus is provided for simultaneously measuring the thickness of a liquid film and the interaction force between droplets, the apparatus comprising:

[0030] A control module is used to control two test droplets to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film being discharged between the two test droplets;

[0031] The imaging module is used to acquire droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets at the same time during the drainage process; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source;

[0032] The processing module is used to process the droplet image and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested.

[0033] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method.

[0034] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0035] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying the computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0036] Through various aspects of this disclosure, two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film drainage between the two test droplets; droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets are acquired at the same time during the liquid film drainage process; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; the droplet images and the interference images are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets. In this way, by controlling two test droplets to approach each other and induce a liquid film discharge process, and processing the droplet images of the two test droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets taken at the same moment during the liquid film discharge process, the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets at the same moment can be obtained. This allows for the simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and interaction force between the droplets. At the same time, as a purely optical measurement method, this method does not require the use of external probes and has the advantages of simple and quick operation, low cost, etc., achieving stable, reliable and more convenient measurement.

[0037] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure together with the specification and serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 1 A flowchart is shown illustrating a method for simultaneously measuring the thickness of a liquid film and the interaction force between droplets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 2 This diagram shows a schematic representation of a measurement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the interference pattern of a liquid film between two droplets under test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the interaction forces between two droplets to be tested according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the interference image and the distribution curve of the liquid film thickness between two aqueous phase droplets in a 2% TBP-kerosene solution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing droplet images of two aqueous phase droplets in a 2% TBP-kerosene solution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 7 A structural diagram of an apparatus for simultaneously measuring the thickness of a liquid film and the interaction force between droplets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0046] Figure 8 A block diagram of an electronic device 1900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0048] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or variations thereof are open-ended and include one or more of the stated features, integrals, elements, steps, components, or functions, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, elements, steps, components, functions, or groups thereof.

[0049] When an element is referred to as “connected,” “coupled,” “responding,” or a variation thereof relative to another element, it may be directly connected, coupled, or responding to another element, or there may be an intermediate element present.

[0050] Although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements / operations, these elements / operations should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element / operation from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the inventive concept, a first element / operation in some embodiments may be referred to as a second element / operation in other embodiments.

[0051] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0052] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0053] In related technologies, improved atomic force microscopes and surface force meters have been used to measure the dynamic interaction processes between solid surfaces and deformable bubbles / droplets / emulsions. However, these devices have limitations and cannot be applied to droplet-droplet systems. Furthermore, these devices require external probes to measure interfacial interaction forces, which are expensive and cumbersome to operate. Therefore, these technologies rely on external probes and cannot simultaneously measure interaction forces and liquid film thickness, especially the liquid film thickness and interaction forces between droplets.

[0054] This disclosure provides a method for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets (detailed description below). The method involves controlling two droplets to approach each other and induce a liquid film drainage process. Images of the two droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between them, captured simultaneously during this drainage process, are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction force between the two droplets at the same moment. This allows for the simultaneous and accurate measurement of both the liquid film thickness and the interaction force. Furthermore, as a purely optical measurement method, it does not require external probes and offers advantages such as simple and quick operation, low cost, and stable, reliable, and convenient measurement. This method is a novel approach for studying the dynamic interaction process between droplets and can be applied to numerous industrial fields such as chemical engineering, nuclear industry, biomedicine, and materials preparation. It is particularly significant for studying the mechanism of droplet-droplet coalescence in the field of liquid-liquid two-phase flow.

[0055] Figure 1The flowchart illustrates a method for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Exemplarily, this method can be performed by an electronic device; as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0056] Step 101: Control the two test droplets to approach each other and cause a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of the liquid film being discharged between the two test droplets.

[0057] In this step, the two test droplets are controlled to move closer to each other, and the distance between the two test droplets continuously decreases. When the distance between the two test droplets decreases to a certain extent, the two test droplets are squeezed and deformed, forming a liquid film between the two test droplets. Then, the liquid film drainage process begins. As the liquid film drainage process proceeds, the liquid film between the two test droplets continuously thins. When the liquid film between the two test droplets thins to the critical liquid film thickness, the liquid film between the two test droplets ruptures, and correspondingly, the two test droplets coalesce.

[0058] In one possible implementation, controlling the two test droplets to move closer to each other includes: fixing the positions of the two test droplets and controlling the volume of at least one of the two test droplets to increase so that the two test droplets move closer to each other; or, fixing the volumes of the two test droplets and controlling at least one of the two test droplets to move so that the two test droplets move closer to each other.

[0059] For example, a test droplet can be pre-placed on the horizontal bottom plate (transparent) inside a transparent container, and another test droplet can be injected and suspended from the top of the transparent container using a capillary tube. Then, by increasing the volume of the other test droplet or driving the capillary tube downward, the other test droplet suspended by the capillary tube can be moved closer to the pre-placed test droplet, thereby controlling the two test droplets to move closer to each other and undergo a drainage film process.

[0060] For example, a target velocity can be preset, and the two droplets to be tested can be controlled to approach each other at the target velocity. The control of the two droplets to be tested approaching each other at the target velocity can be achieved using a motor drive, a pressure pump, or other means, and is not limited thereto.

[0061] In addition, two test droplets can be brought close together manually to induce a liquid film drainage process, as needed.

[0062] Step 102: During the process of draining the liquid film, acquire droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets taken at the same time; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source.

[0063] For example, a droplet image can be an image formed by illuminating two droplets under test with a white light source.

[0064] In this step, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between them are acquired at the same moment during the process of the two test droplets forming a liquid film. The droplet images contain information such as the external contours of the two test droplets, while the interference images contain information related to the interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets. Subsequently, the droplet images and interference images at the same moment can be processed to simultaneously measure the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets.

[0065] For example, the same moment can include the moment when the two test droplets coalesce (or the moment before coalescing). As an example, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets can be acquired at different times within a certain time range, wherein the time range includes a period of time from the start of liquid film drainage to the time after the two test droplets coalesce; then, from the droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets acquired at different times within this time range, the droplet image of the two test droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets acquired at the moment when the two test droplets coalesce (or the moment before coalescing) are selected. For example, machine learning or other methods can be used to pre-train a model capable of recognizing droplet coalescence. Then, based on the trained model, the droplet images of the two droplets to be tested and the interference images of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested, taken at different times within the time range, can be automatically selected from these images. The images are taken at the moment when the two droplets to be tested coalesce.

[0066] For example, two image acquisition devices can be set up, and the two image acquisition devices can take pictures simultaneously. Taking the example of a test droplet being pre-placed on the horizontal bottom plate inside a transparent container, and another test droplet being injected into and suspended by a capillary tube from the top of the transparent container; one image acquisition device can be arranged at the same horizontal position as the transparent container to take pictures of the two test droplets from the side of the transparent container as they approach each other and form a drainage film. As an example, a white light source can be used to illuminate the two test droplets, and the image acquisition device can take pictures of the two test droplets under the illumination of the white light source to obtain droplet images of the two test droplets; the other image acquisition device can be arranged in the interference optical path to take pictures of the two test droplets as they approach each other under the illumination of a multi-beam laser source. An image formed by interference between the liquid films of two test droplets during the formation of the liquid film can be illustrated as follows: A beam emitted from a multi-beam laser source is reflected by a beam splitter and enters the microscope objective vertically upwards. After being collimated into parallel light by the microscope objective, the beam travels vertically upwards through the internal horizontal base plate of a transparent container and enters the liquid film between the two test droplets. The parallel light is then reflected at the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid film between the two test droplets. The reflected light from the upper and lower surfaces interferes at the lower surface of the liquid film between the two test droplets and returns along the original optical path, i.e., vertically downwards through the internal horizontal base plate of the transparent container, enters the microscope objective, and then reaches the image acquisition device via a beam splitter and a reflecting mirror.

[0067] For example, two image acquisition devices can be controlled to start shooting simultaneously, and both can shoot at a preset shooting frequency to achieve synchronous shooting. Furthermore, from the droplet images of the two droplets at different times during the process of the two droplets approaching each other and forming a drainage film captured by one image acquisition device, the droplet image captured at the moment the two droplets coalesce can be selected; from the interference images of the liquid film between the two droplets at different times during the process of the two droplets approaching each other and forming a drainage film captured by the other image acquisition device, the interference image of the liquid film between the two droplets captured at the moment the two droplets coalesce can be selected; thus obtaining the droplet images of the two droplets captured synchronously (i.e., at the same time) at the moment the two droplets coalesce and the interference image of the liquid film between the two droplets.

[0068] In addition, droplet images of two droplets to be tested and interference images of the liquid film between the two droplets can also be obtained as needed, which are captured synchronously at other times.

[0069] Step 103: Process the droplet image and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested.

[0070] Since the droplet images of the two test droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets are captured at the same time, this step processes the droplet images of the two test droplets captured at the same time and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets at the same time. This enables the simultaneous measurement of the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets.

[0071] For example, droplet images of the two droplets to be tested, taken simultaneously at the moment when the two droplets to be tested coalesce (or the moment before the coalesce), and interference images of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested can be processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the droplet image and the interference image are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets and the interaction force between them. This includes: calculating the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets based on the interference image; and calculating the interaction force between the two droplets based on the droplet image. Since the droplet image contains information such as the external contours of the two droplets, and the interference image contains information related to the interference of the liquid film between the two droplets, the droplet images and the interference image of the liquid film between the two droplets, captured at the same time, can be processed separately to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets and the interaction force between them, thereby achieving simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and the interaction force between the two droplets.

[0073] In this embodiment of the disclosure, two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film drainage between the two test droplets; during the liquid film drainage process, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets are acquired at the same time; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; the droplet images and the interference images are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets. In this way, by controlling two test droplets to approach each other and induce a liquid film discharge process, and processing the droplet images of the two test droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets taken at the same moment during the liquid film discharge process, the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets at the same moment can be obtained. This allows for the simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and interaction force between the droplets. At the same time, as a purely optical measurement method, this method does not require the use of external probes and has the advantages of simple and quick operation, low cost, etc., achieving stable, reliable and more convenient measurement.

[0074] This disclosure also provides a measurement system, the above-described Figure 1 The method shown for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets can be applied to this measurement system to achieve simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets.

[0075] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a measurement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the measurement system may include: a transparent container (3), a capillary tube (4), a microscope objective (6), a white light source (7), an image acquisition device (8), a reflector (9), a beam splitter (10), and a multi-beam laser source (11).

[0076] The transparent container (3) can be composed of multiple transparent plates, with the bottom plate kept horizontal, for placing the test droplet and allowing the light source to illuminate it. The capillary tube (4) is used to inject and suspend the test droplet from the top of the transparent container. The white light source (7) can be arranged at the same horizontal position as the transparent container (3) to illuminate the test droplet. The image acquisition device (8), also known as an online camera, can capture images in real time during the process of two test droplets approaching each other and forming a liquid film in the transparent container (3). There can be two image acquisition devices (8). One image acquisition device is arranged at the same horizontal position as the transparent container (3) to capture images of the test droplet in the transparent container (3) from the side of the transparent container. The other image acquisition device is arranged in the interference optical path to capture images formed by the interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets in the transparent container (3). The two image acquisition devices can capture images synchronously. The microscope objective (6), mirror (9), beam splitter (10), and multi-beam laser source (11) form an interference optical path. The microscope objective (6), mirror (9), and beam splitter (10) can be arranged below the transparent container (3). For example, the multi-beam laser source (11) can be a three-beam laser source.

[0077] It should be noted that, Figure 2 The measurement system shown is merely an example. Those skilled in the art can arrange more or fewer devices in the measurement system as needed, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0078] As an example, the application Figure 2 The process by which the measurement system shown achieves simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets is as follows:

[0079] A test droplet is pre-placed in a transparent container (3), and another test droplet is squeezed out through a capillary tube (4). Figure 2 The test droplet (5) shown is suspended at the front end of the capillary tube (4), and the two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film discharge process; for example, the two test droplets can be controlled to approach each other in two ways: 1. Increase the volume of the test droplet (5); 2. Fix the volume of the test droplet (5) and drive the capillary tube (4) to move downward. (Corresponding to the above) Figure 1 (Step 101)

[0080] A white light source (7) illuminates the test droplet in the transparent container (3). An image acquisition device (8) takes a picture of the droplet as it approaches each other and forms a drainage film under the illumination of the white light source (7). Another image acquisition device (8) takes an interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets as they approach each other and form a drainage film. In the interference optical path, the beam emitted by the three-beam laser source (11) is reflected vertically upward after being split by the beam splitter (10) and enters the microscope objective (6). After being collimated into parallel light by the microscope objective (6), it is shot vertically into the liquid film between the two test droplets. The parallel light is reflected on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid film between the two test droplets. The reflected light from the upper and lower surfaces interferes on the lower surface of the liquid film between the two test droplets and returns along the original path. The magnified interference image is recorded by the image acquisition device (8) through the mirror (9). Images captured simultaneously by the two image acquisition devices (8) can be transmitted to electronic devices in real time and can also be displayed on the electronic devices (i.e., Figure 2 The droplet image (2) and the interference image (1) are obtained simultaneously during the liquid drainage process, thereby acquiring droplet images of two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets. (Corresponding to the above) Figure 1 (Step 102)

[0081] The electronic device can perform mathematical analysis on the images simultaneously captured by the two image acquisition devices (8), namely, the droplet images of the two droplets to be tested and the interference image of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested captured at the same time. This allows the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested to be obtained, thereby achieving simultaneous and accurate measurement of the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested. (Corresponding to the above) Figure 1 (Step 103)

[0082] The following is about the above. Figure 1 The process of processing the droplet image and the interference image in step 103 to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested is described in detail.

[0083] (i) Calculate the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested based on the interference image.

[0084] In one possible implementation, calculating the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets based on the interference image includes: determining the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength in the interference image for multiple wavelengths corresponding to the multi-beam laser source; determining the light intensity value corresponding to a target location point in the interference image; and determining the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target location point based on the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength, and a preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes; wherein the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes represents the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, the light intensity value corresponding to any location point in the interference image, and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that location point.

[0085] For example, the multi-beam laser source can be a three-beam laser source, corresponding to three wavelengths. Then, for each of the three wavelengths, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of the corresponding order of interference fringes in the interference image can be determined. The order of any interference fringe can be the order of the interference fringe in the entire interference image, following the radial direction from the center point outwards.

[0086] The target location point can be any point in the interferometric image, and the number of target location points can be selected according to requirements. For example, the target location point can be the center point of the interferometric image, or it can include multiple points uniformly distributed radially in the interferometric image. For example, the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point can be the average light intensity value on the interference fringes with a radius equal to the distance from the center of the interferometric image to that radius.

[0087] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates an interference pattern of a liquid film between two droplets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, point O is the center of the interference image, and r represents the radial direction in the interference image. For any wavelength, based on the symmetry of the interference image, the light intensity distribution of the interference fringes corresponding to that wavelength in the radial direction r can be extracted. The intensity value is then averaged circumferentially with point O as the center. Thus, the light intensity value at any point in the interference image, as well as the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to that wavelength, can be obtained.

[0088] For example, by analyzing the interference fringes in the interference image according to the principle of interference, the relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity of the interference fringes at a specific wavelength can be obtained.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity value of the interference fringes can be expressed as follows (1):

[0090]

[0091] Where h represents the liquid film thickness at any point in the interference image, λ represents the wavelength, and I represents the light intensity at that point. MAX and I MIN λ represents the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each interference fringe corresponding to wavelength λ, n represents the reflectance coefficient of the medium, and δ represents the phase shift of the light reflected from the liquid film surface between the two test droplets.

[0092] For example, δ can be determined based on the reflection coefficient n of the medium and using the matrix of the multilayer system; where the medium is the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested.

[0093] The above formula (1) can represent the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, the light intensity value corresponding to any position point in the interference image and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that position point. Since the above formula (1) is a nonlinear equation set, multiple sets of data can be obtained for the target position point in the interference image obtained using a multi-beam laser source. Each set of data includes the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a wavelength. By substituting these multiple sets of data into the above formula (1) for solution, the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target position point can be determined, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the thickness of the liquid film between two droplets to be measured.

[0094] (ii) Calculate the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested based on the droplet image.

[0095] In one possible implementation, calculating the interaction force between the two droplets based on the droplet image includes: determining the target external contour of any one of the two droplets based on the droplet image; and determining the interaction force between the two droplets based on the target external contour and a preset relationship between the droplet's external contour and the force acting on the droplet; wherein the preset relationship between the droplet's external contour and the force acting on the droplet represents the relationship between the external contour of one droplet and the magnitude of the force acting on that droplet from the other droplet in the two droplets that are generating a drainage film.

[0096] For example, determining the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested based on the target outer contour and a preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet may include: determining the theoretical outer contour of the droplet to be tested corresponding to different values ​​of the force based on the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet; fitting each theoretical outer contour to the target outer contour, and taking the value of the force corresponding to the theoretical outer contour with the highest degree of fit as the value of the force acting on the droplet to be tested, which is the value of the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested. Alternatively, it may include: determining the theoretical outer contour of the droplet to be tested corresponding to the initial value of the force based on a preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet; fitting the theoretical outer contour with the target outer contour, and continuously adjusting the value of the force based on the fitting result; wherein, each adjustment is based on the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet, calculating the theoretical outer contour of the droplet to be tested corresponding to the adjusted force value, until the fitting degree between the theoretical outer contour of the droplet to be tested corresponding to the adjusted force value and the target outer contour reaches a preset requirement, and determining the value of the force at this time as the value of the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested.

[0097] For example, the contour point coordinates of any test droplet can be extracted from the droplet image, and a representation of the target external contour of the test droplet can be established based on the contour point coordinates. The representation of the target external contour can also be differentiated to solve for the radius of curvature of the foremost point of the test droplet; that is, the radius of curvature of the external contour of the test droplet corresponding to the closest position to another test droplet in the droplet image.

[0098] For example, the degree of fit between the radius of curvature of the droplet tip obtained by differential calculation of the target outer contour and the radius of curvature of the droplet tip obtained by differential calculation of the theoretical outer contour can be represented as the degree of fit between the theoretical outer contour and the target outer contour.

[0099] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the interaction forces between two droplets to be tested according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 As shown, r represents the radial direction, which is the horizontal direction passing through the center point of the liquid film between the two test droplets; z represents the direction perpendicular to the radial direction, which is the vertical direction passing through the center point of the liquid film between the two test droplets; F represents the interaction force between the two test droplets.

[0100] For example, the relationship between the outer contour of a droplet and the force acting on it can be obtained by performing differential calculations on the outer contour of the droplet.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the predetermined relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet can be expressed as follows (2):

[0102]

[0103] Where F represents the force acting on the first droplet, k b The radius of curvature r represents the position on the outer contour of the first droplet that is closest to the second droplet. c The range of the interaction force between the first and second droplets is represented by γ, the interfacial tension (surface tension) between the first droplet and the external fluid is represented by Δρ, the density difference between the fluid inside and outside the first droplet is represented by g, the acceleration due to gravity is represented by r, and the direction is represented by z, which is perpendicular to the radial direction.

[0104] For example, the range of the interaction force r between the first droplet and the second droplet can be determined by pre-calibration. c γ, the interfacial tension between the first droplet and the external fluid, and Δρ, the density difference between the fluid inside the first droplet and the external fluid.

[0105] Formula (2) above can express the relationship between the outer contour of one droplet in two droplets that generate drainage films (i.e., the first droplet and the second droplet) and the magnitude of the force exerted on that droplet by the other droplet. Based on this relationship, it is possible to accurately measure the interaction force between the two droplets to be measured.

[0106] The following describes the use of the above. Figure 2 The measurement system is illustrated with an example in a real-world scenario, which simultaneously measures the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction force between droplets.

[0107] Scenario 1: Simultaneous measurement of film thickness and interaction force between aqueous droplets in a 2% TBP (tributyl phosphate)-kerosene solution: A 2% TBP-kerosene solution was placed in a transparent container (3). An aqueous droplet (403 μm horizontal diameter) was pre-placed at the bottom of the transparent container (3) using a capillary tube (4). Another aqueous droplet (495 μm horizontal diameter) was suspended at the front end of the capillary tube (4). The other aqueous droplet was controlled to approach the pre-placed aqueous droplet at a speed of 3 μm per second, and a film drainage process occurred. The measurement was performed using the figure. The acquisition device (8) captures droplet images of the two aqueous droplets at the moment of their coalescence (or the moment before coalescence) and interference images of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. Based on the above formula (1), the interference images are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. Based on the above formula (2), the droplet images are processed to obtain the interaction force of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. Thus, the thickness of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets and the interaction force of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets are measured simultaneously.

[0108] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing an interference image and a thickness distribution curve of the liquid film between two aqueous droplets in a 2% TBP-kerosene solution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; wherein, Figure 5 (a) is an interference image of the liquid film between two aqueous droplets in a 2% TBP-kerosene solution. Figure 5 (b) is the distribution curve of the liquid film thickness in the radial direction of the liquid film calculated based on the interferometric image; as shown in the figure, the center thickness of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets is 1713 nm.

[0109] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing droplet images of two aqueous phase droplets in a 2% TBP-kerosene solution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is provided. Figure 6 As shown in the image, the calculated outer contours of the two aqueous droplets are displayed, and the measured interaction force between the two aqueous droplets is 1.7 × 10⁻⁶. -6 N.

[0110] Scenario 2: Simultaneous measurement of liquid film thickness and interaction force between aqueous droplets in a 5% TBP-kerosene solution: A 5% TBP-kerosene solution was placed in a transparent container (3). An aqueous droplet (with a horizontal diameter of 355 μm) was pre-placed at the bottom of the transparent container (3) using a capillary tube (4). Another aqueous droplet (with a horizontal diameter of 620 μm) was suspended at the front end of the capillary tube (4). The other aqueous droplet was controlled to approach the pre-placed aqueous droplet at a speed of 4 μm per second. The process of draining the liquid film occurs; an image acquisition device (8) is used to capture droplet images of the two aqueous droplets at the moment of coalescence (or the moment before coalescence) and interference images of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets; the interference images are processed based on the above formula (1) to obtain a center thickness of 1800 nm for the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets, and the droplet images are processed based on the above formula (2) to obtain an interaction force of 1.6 × 10⁻⁶ for the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. -6 N, thus enabling simultaneous measurement of the thickness of the liquid film between two aqueous droplets and the interaction force between the liquid films between the two aqueous droplets.

[0111] Scenario 3: Simultaneous measurement of liquid film thickness and interaction force between aqueous droplets in n-dodecane: n-dodecane is placed in a transparent container (3). An aqueous droplet (with a horizontal diameter of 450 μm) is pre-placed at the bottom of the transparent container (3) using a capillary tube (4). Another aqueous droplet (with a horizontal diameter of 451 μm) is suspended at the front end of the capillary tube (4). The other aqueous droplet is controlled to approach the pre-placed aqueous droplet at a speed of 9 μm per second, and a liquid film discharge process occurs. An image acquisition device (8) is used to capture droplet images of the two aqueous droplets at the moment of coalescence (or the moment before coalescence) and interference images of the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. Based on the above formula (1), the interference images are processed to obtain a center thickness of 2555 nm for the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. Based on the above formula (2), the droplet images are processed to obtain an interaction force of 1.9 × 10⁻⁶ for the liquid film between the two aqueous droplets. -6 N, thus enabling simultaneous measurement of the thickness of the liquid film between two aqueous droplets and the interaction force between the liquid films between the two aqueous droplets.

[0112] In the exemplary scenarios 1, 2, and 3 listed above, the method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure can simultaneously and accurately measure the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets, wherein the resolution of the liquid film thickness measurement is 1 nm, and the resolution of the interaction force measurement between droplets is 10 nm. -7 N.

[0113] Based on the same inventive concept in the above method embodiments, the present disclosure also provides an apparatus for simultaneously measuring the liquid film thickness and interaction force between droplets, which can be used to perform the technical solutions described in the above method embodiments.

[0114] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates a structural representation of an apparatus for simultaneously measuring the thickness of a liquid film and the interaction forces between droplets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 As shown, the device may include: a control module 701, used to control two test droplets to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film drainage between the two test droplets; an imaging module 702, used to acquire droplet images of the two test droplets and an interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets simultaneously captured during the liquid film drainage process; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; and a processing module 703, used to process the droplet images and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets.

[0115] In this embodiment of the disclosure, two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film drainage between the two test droplets; during the liquid film drainage process, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets are acquired at the same time; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; the droplet images and the interference images are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets. In this way, by controlling two test droplets to approach each other and induce a liquid film discharge process, and processing the droplet images of the two test droplets and the interference image of the liquid film between the two test droplets taken at the same moment during the liquid film discharge process, the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets and the interaction force between the two test droplets at the same moment can be obtained. This allows for the simultaneous and accurate measurement of the liquid film thickness and interaction force between the droplets. At the same time, as a purely optical measurement method, this method does not require the use of external probes and has the advantages of simple and quick operation, low cost, etc., achieving stable, reliable and more convenient measurement.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the control module 701 is further configured to: fix the positions of the two test droplets and control the volume of at least one of the two test droplets to increase so that the two test droplets move closer to each other; or, fix the volume of the two test droplets and control at least one of the two test droplets to move so that the two test droplets move closer to each other.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the processing module 703 is further configured to: calculate the thickness of the liquid film between the two test droplets based on the interference image; and calculate the interaction force between the two test droplets based on the droplet image.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the processing module 703 is further configured to: determine the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength in the interference image for multiple wavelengths corresponding to the multi-beam laser source; determine the light intensity value corresponding to a target location point in the interference image; and determine the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target location point based on the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength, and a preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes; wherein the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes represents the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, the light intensity value corresponding to any location point in the interference image, and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that location point.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the processing module 703 is further configured to: determine the target external contour of any one of the two droplets to be tested based on the droplet image; and determine the interaction force between the two droplets based on the target external contour and a preset relationship between the external contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet; wherein the preset relationship between the external contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet represents the relationship between the external contour of one droplet and the magnitude of the force acting on that droplet by the other droplet in the two droplets that generate a drainage film.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity value of the interference fringes is expressed as:

[0121]

[0122] Where h represents the liquid film thickness at any point in the interference image, λ represents the wavelength, and I represents the light intensity at that point. MAX and I MINλ represents the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each interference fringe corresponding to wavelength λ, n represents the reflectance coefficient of the medium, and δ represents the phase shift of the light reflected from the liquid film surface between the two test droplets.

[0123] In one possible implementation, the predetermined relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet is expressed as:

[0124]

[0125] Where F represents the force acting on the first droplet, k b The radius of curvature r represents the position on the outer contour of the first droplet that is closest to the second droplet. c The range of the interaction force between the first droplet and the second droplet is represented by γ, the interfacial tension between the first droplet and the external fluid is represented by Δρ, the density difference between the fluid inside the first droplet and the external fluid is represented by g, the acceleration due to gravity is represented by r, the radial direction is represented by z, and the direction perpendicular to the radial direction is represented by z.

[0126] In some embodiments, the functions or modules of the apparatus provided in this disclosure can be used to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can be referred to the description of the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0127] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above method.

[0128] This disclosure also provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0129] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying the computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method.

[0130] Figure 8 A block diagram of an electronic device 1900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. For example, the electronic device 1900 may be provided as a server or a terminal device. (Refer to...) Figure 8The electronic device 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and memory resources represented by memory 1932 for storing instructions, such as application programs, that can be executed by the processing component 1922. The application programs stored in memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. Furthermore, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the methods described above.

[0131] Electronic device 1900 may also include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of electronic device 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect electronic device 1900 to a network, and an input / output interface 1958 (I / O interface). Electronic device 1900 can operate on an operating system, such as Windows Server, stored in memory 1932. TM Mac OS X TM Unix TM Linux TM FreeBSD TM Or similar.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory 1932 including computer program instructions that can be executed by a processing component 1922 of an electronic device 1900 to perform the above-described method.

[0133] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing programs / instructions used by instruction execution devices. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0134] The computer program (or computer-readable program instructions) described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage medium in the respective computing / processing device.

[0135] The computer program (or computer program instructions) used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuits, such as programmable logic circuits, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), are personalized by utilizing state information of computer-readable program instructions. These electronic circuits can execute computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0136] Various aspects of this disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0137] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that, when executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, they create means for implementing the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that causes a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other device to operate in a particular manner; thus, the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions for implementing aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0138] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to perform the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0139] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of an instruction containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0140] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneously measuring the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction force between droplets, characterized in that, The method includes: Two test droplets are controlled to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film being discharged between the two test droplets; During the process of acquiring the drainage membrane, droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets are captured at the same time; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; The droplet image and the interference image are processed to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets and the interaction force between the two droplets. The process of processing the droplet image and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets and the interaction force between the two droplets includes: Based on the interference image, calculate the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested; Calculate the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested based on the droplet image; The step of calculating the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets based on the interference image includes: For the multiple wavelengths corresponding to the multi-beam laser source, determine the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes in the interference image for each wavelength. Determine the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point in the interference image; Based on the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength, and a preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes, the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target location point is determined; wherein, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes represents the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, and the light intensity value corresponding to any location point in the interference image and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that location point; The preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity value of the interference fringes is expressed as follows: Where h represents the liquid film thickness at any point in the interference image, λ represents the wavelength, and I represents the light intensity at that point. MAX and I MIN λ represents the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each interference fringe corresponding to wavelength λ, respectively; n represents the reflectance coefficient of the medium; and δ represents the phase shift of the light reflected from the liquid film surface between the two test droplets.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the two test droplets to move closer to each other includes: The positions of the two test droplets are fixed, and the volume of at least one of the two test droplets is controlled to increase so that the two test droplets move closer to each other; or, The volumes of the two test droplets are fixed, and at least one of the test droplets is controlled to move so that the two test droplets move closer to each other.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the interaction force between the two droplets based on the droplet image includes: Based on the droplet image, determine the target external contour of any one of the two droplets to be tested; Based on the target outer contour, and based on the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet, the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested is determined; wherein, the preset relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet represents the relationship between the outer contour of one droplet and the magnitude of the force acting on that droplet by the other droplet in the two droplets that generate a drainage film.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The predetermined relationship between the outer contour of the droplet and the force acting on the droplet is expressed as follows: Where F represents the force acting on the first droplet, k b The radius of curvature r represents the position on the outer contour of the first droplet that is closest to the second droplet. c This indicates the range of the interaction force between the first droplet and the second droplet. This represents the interfacial tension between the first droplet and the external fluid. The density difference between the fluid inside and outside the first droplet is represented by g, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, r represents the radial direction, and z represents the direction perpendicular to the radial direction.

5. A device for simultaneously measuring the thickness of the liquid film and the interaction force between droplets, characterized in that, The device includes: A control module is used to control two test droplets to approach each other and undergo a liquid film drainage process; wherein, the liquid film drainage process refers to the process of liquid film being discharged between the two test droplets; The imaging module is used to acquire droplet images of the two test droplets and interference images of the liquid film between the two test droplets at the same time during the drainage process; wherein, the interference image is an image formed by interference of the liquid film between the two test droplets when illuminated by a multi-beam laser light source; The processing module is used to process the droplet image and the interference image to obtain the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested and the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested; The processing module is specifically used for: Based on the interference image, calculate the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets to be tested; Calculate the interaction force between the two droplets to be tested based on the droplet image; The step of calculating the thickness of the liquid film between the two droplets based on the interference image includes: For the multiple wavelengths corresponding to the multi-beam laser source, determine the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes in the interference image for each wavelength. Determine the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point in the interference image; Based on the light intensity value corresponding to the target location point, the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to each wavelength, and a preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes, the liquid film thickness corresponding to the target location point is determined; wherein, the preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity values ​​of the interference fringes represents the relationship between the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each level of interference fringes corresponding to a specific wavelength, and the light intensity value corresponding to any location point in the interference image and the liquid film thickness corresponding to that location point; The preset relationship between the liquid film thickness and the light intensity value of the interference fringes is expressed as follows: Where h represents the liquid film thickness at any point in the interference image, λ represents the wavelength, and I represents the light intensity at that point. MAX and I MIN λ represents the maximum and minimum light intensity values ​​of each interference fringe corresponding to wavelength λ, respectively; n represents the reflectance coefficient of the medium; and δ represents the phase shift of the light reflected from the liquid film surface between the two test droplets.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images