Disaster mitigation method for dammed lake based on disaster chain blocking

Abstract

The application discloses a dammed lake disaster reduction method based on disaster chain blocking, establishes a dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model based on a dammed lake disaster state and a driving factor; establishes a chain breaking mechanism model for reducing damage energy of a source disaster body according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; establishes a flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking flood propagation according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; and establishes a disaster body chain breaking mechanism model for improving disaster body disaster avoidance accuracy according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model. The application breaks through the technical defects of traditional emergency disposal methods, that is, the methods cannot carry out disaster reduction disposal from the whole chain angle and are low in efficiency, and establishes a "energy reduction-chain breaking-accuracy improvement" three-in-one systematic dammed lake disaster reduction method, that is, source damage energy reduction of a disaster body, path blocking of a flood propagation chain and end disaster body risk avoidance accuracy improvement, which is suitable for whole chain disaster reduction of source damage energy reduction, propagation chain breaking and disaster body transfer of a dammed lake disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of emergency response technology for water conservancy engineering disasters, specifically relating to a method for mitigating landslide dammed lake disasters based on the disruption of disaster chains. Background Technology

[0002] Landslide-dammed lakes are formed when sudden geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows block river channels, creating dams that impound water. They are characterized by their suddenness, randomness, destructive power, and short response window, easily triggering chain reactions of disasters. For millennia, humanity has suffered greatly from them. Given the wide variation in the lifespan of landslide-dammed lakes and the short emergency response window, scientifically classifying their risks is crucial to avoiding indiscriminate rescue efforts. According to the definition of risk in ISO 31000:2009, "International Standard for Risk Management," the risk of a landslide-dammed lake can be expressed as the product of the probability of its collapse and the loss from its collapse, i.e., R = PC, where R is the risk of the landslide-dammed lake; P is the probability of its collapse; and C is the loss from its collapse. The former mainly reflects the danger of the landslide dam itself, with higher danger indicating a greater probability of collapse; the latter mainly reflects the losses caused by the landslide-dammed lake and the resulting floodwaters. Landslide-dammed lake disasters exhibit a clear chain-like evolutionary characteristic. Traditional emergency response methods are often single-method approaches, failing to address the entire chain of disaster mitigation efforts, resulting in low efficiency.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application (publication number CN120013223A) discloses a fuzzy evaluation method for quantitative classification of landslide dammed lake risk, comprising: determining a set of risk assessment factors and a set of risk assessment levels for landslide dammed lakes; calculating the membership degree of each assessment factor in the set of assessment factors to each assessment level in the set of assessment levels, and constructing a membership degree matrix; calculating the weight of each assessment factor in each level based on the importance scores of pairwise comparisons of assessment factors within each level, and finally integrating them to obtain a final weight vector; and determining the risk assessment level of the landslide dammed lake based on the membership degree matrix and the weight vector. The fuzzy evaluation method for quantitative classification of landslide dammed lake risk proposed in this invention solves the problem of inconsistent weight assignments by experts to assessment factors, has a reasonable evaluation index system and classification, feasible information acquisition methods, scientific weight vectors, and reliable risk level evaluation results. However, this invention patent application only evaluates the risk level of landslide dammed lakes and does not address disaster mitigation and mitigation technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a three-in-one systematic method for landslide dam disaster reduction based on disaster chain interruption, which integrates "energy reduction-chain breaking-accuracy".

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for disaster reduction of landslide-dammed lakes based on disaster chain disruption, as detailed below:

[0006] Establish a model of the chain generation mechanism of landslide dammed lake disaster based on the disaster status and driving factors;

[0007] A chain-breaking mechanism model for reducing the destructive energy of the source disaster body was established based on the chain-generation mechanism model of landslide dammed lake disasters;

[0008] A flood chain disruption mechanism model was established based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dammed lake disaster to block the flood propagation chain;

[0009] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a chain breaking mechanism model for disaster-bearing bodies is established to improve the accuracy of disaster avoidance.

[0010] Furthermore, the chain reaction mechanism model of the landslide dammed lake disaster is shown in equation (1):

[0011]

[0012] In the formula: C1 represents the initial state of the landslide dam blocking the river channel, forming a disaster-causing body; E1 is the potential energy driving factor, that is, after the landslide dam blocks the river channel, the water level of the landslide lake / reservoir rises, and the potential energy gradually increases; C2 represents the landslide dam failure state, under the action of the potential energy driving factor E1, the disaster chained from the initial state of blocking the river channel to the state of landslide dam failure; E2 is the kinetic energy driving factor, that is, the potential energy of the water level of the landslide lake / reservoir is converted into flood kinetic energy after the landslide dam fails; C3 represents the downstream propagation state of the landslide dam failure flood, under the action of the kinetic energy driving factor E2, the disaster chained from the state of landslide dam failure to the downstream propagation of the failure flood; E3 is the flood peak driving factor, that is, the flood kinetic energy forms a flood peak during the propagation process; C4 represents the state of loss of the disaster-bearing body, under the action of the driving factor E3, the disaster chained from the state of downstream propagation of the failure flood to the state of loss of the disaster-bearing body.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific process of establishing a chain-breaking mechanism model to reduce the destructive energy of the source disaster-causing body based on the chain-generation mechanism model of landslide dammed lake disasters is as follows:

[0014] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a chain breaking mechanism model is established for the C1 and C2 states in the propagation chain to reduce the destructive energy of the source disaster-causing body. The chain breaking mechanism model includes a set of destructive energy factors of the source disaster-causing body, a set of chain breaking measures of the disaster-causing body, and a chain breaking mechanism algorithm of the disaster-causing body.

[0015] The set of destructive energy factors F1 from the source of the disaster includes the potential energy of the water level of the landslide dammed lake / reservoir. 11 kinetic energy F of the flood peak 12 That is, F1=[F 11 , F 12 The set of chain-break measures for disaster-causing bodies, M1, includes the chain-break measure M1, which is a slope-accelerated diversion channel. 11 (Applicable to easily eroded dammed bodies), chain break measures for spillway M 12 (Applicable to landslide dams that are not easily eroded), i.e., M1 = [M 11 M 12Algorithm for the chain-breaking mechanism of the disaster-causing body: If the material of the landslide dam is relatively easy to erode, then the variable slope accelerated diversion channel chain-breaking measure M is selected. 11 By guiding the landslide dam to breach through a diversion channel, the potential energy of the reservoir water level is reduced, and the kinetic energy of the breach flood peak is decreased. If the landslide material is not easily eroded, a chain-breaking measure in the spillway is selected. 12 The potential energy of the landslide dammed lake is reduced by stabilizing the flow through the spillway, and the kinetic energy of the flood peak from the Tanhua breach is reduced; as shown in equation (2):

[0016] Equation (2).

[0017] Furthermore, the specific process of establishing a flood chain disruption mechanism model based on the landslide dam disaster chain generation mechanism model to block the flood propagation chain is as follows:

[0018] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a flood chain breaking mechanism model is established for state C3 in the propagation chain to block the flood propagation chain. The flood chain breaking mechanism model includes a set of disaster factors in the flood propagation chain, a set of flood chain breaking measures, and a propagation chain breaking mechanism algorithm.

[0019] The flood propagation chain disaster factor set F2 includes the total flood volume F 21 Flood peak shape F 22 and floods exceeding standard F 23 That is, F2=[F 21 , F 22 , F 23 ]; Flood chain disruption measures set M2 includes downstream reservoir pre-discharge and flood reception measures M 21 Flood chain breaking mechanism algorithm: Based on the downstream reservoir capacity curve, determine the downstream reservoir's available capacity ΔV, and discharge the maximum flow rate Q. 下泄流量 Initiate pre-release regulation, as shown in equation (3), to ensure the safety of downstream reservoirs and empty the reservoir capacity before the flood peak arrives, thereby reducing the total flood volume F through the empty reservoir capacity. 21 , regulating flood peak shape F 22 Blocking floods exceeding standard levels F 23 The flood propagation path is blocked at the downstream reservoir location, thereby protecting downstream populations, towns, and infrastructure.

[0020] Q 下泄流量 =min(△V / t,max(Q 泄量 Formula (3)

[0021] In the formula: t is the predicted time for the flood to travel from the landslide dam to the downstream reservoir, in seconds; Q 泄量 This refers to the discharge from the downstream reservoir, in meters (m). 3 / s.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific process of establishing the disaster-bearing body chain-breaking mechanism model based on the landslide dam disaster chain generation mechanism model to improve the disaster avoidance accuracy of the disaster-bearing body is as follows:

[0023] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a chain breaking mechanism model for disaster-bearing bodies is established for the C4 state in the propagation chain to improve the accuracy of disaster avoidance. The chain breaking mechanism model for disaster-bearing bodies includes a set of disaster-bearing body factors, a set of disaster-bearing body avoidance measures, and a chain breaking mechanism algorithm for disaster-bearing bodies.

[0024] The disaster-bearing factor set F3 includes the population F within the flood inundation range of the landslide dam breach flood. 31 The disaster-bearing body chain disruption measures set M3 includes targeted early warning information delivery measures M. 31 Autonomous planning measures for evacuation routes M 32 Personnel transfer dynamic monitoring measures M 33 That is, M3=[M 31 M 32 M 33 The disaster-bearing body chain breaking mechanism algorithm divides the risk warning area into flood inundation area Z1, flood-affected area Z2 and safe evacuation area Z3 based on the flood spread range. It identifies the population thermal distribution in Z1 and Z2 areas based on LBS technology, pushes warning information to the population in Z1 and Z2 areas in a targeted manner, dynamically plans evacuation routes in different areas, monitors the transferred personnel in real time, and improves the accuracy of controlled evacuation of the population in the flood inundation range of the breach flood.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention overcomes the technical defects of traditional emergency response methods that fail to carry out disaster reduction and response from the whole chain perspective and are inefficient. It establishes a three-in-one systematic method for landslide dam disaster reduction, namely, reducing the destructive energy of the disaster-causing body at the source, blocking the flood propagation chain at the path, and improving the disaster-bearing body's risk avoidance accuracy at the end. It is applicable to the whole chain of disaster reduction in landslide dam disasters, including source energy reduction, propagation chain interruption, and disaster-bearing body transfer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions (including preferred technical solutions) of the present invention will be further described in detail below by listing some optional embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The specific disaster reduction methods for landslide-dammed lakes based on disaster chain disruption are as follows:

[0028] A model of the chain generation mechanism of landslide dammed lake disaster based on the disaster status and driving factors is established, as shown in Equation (1):

[0029]

[0030] In the formula: C1 represents the initial state of the landslide dam blocking the river channel, forming a disaster-causing body; E1 is the potential energy driving factor, that is, after the landslide dam blocks the river channel, the potential energy at the water level of the landslide-dammed lake gradually increases; C2 represents the landslide dam failure state, under the action of the potential energy driving factor E1, the disaster chained from the initial state of blocking the river channel to the state of landslide dam failure; E2 is the kinetic energy driving factor, that is, the potential energy at the water level of the landslide-dammed lake is converted into flood kinetic energy after the landslide dam fails; C3 represents the downstream propagation state of the landslide dam failure flood, under the action of the kinetic energy driving factor E2, the disaster chained from the state of landslide dam failure to the downstream propagation of the failure flood; E3 is the flood peak driving factor, that is, the flood kinetic energy forms a flood peak during the propagation process; C4 represents the state of loss of the disaster-bearing body, under the action of the driving factor E3, the disaster chained from the state of downstream propagation of the failure flood to the state of loss of the disaster-bearing body.

[0031] Establish a chain-breaking mechanism model to reduce the destructive energy of the source disaster-causing body.

[0032] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a chain breaking mechanism model is established for the C1 and C2 states in the propagation chain to reduce the destructive energy of the source disaster-causing body. The chain breaking mechanism model includes a set of destructive energy factors of the source disaster-causing body, a set of chain breaking measures of the disaster-causing body, and a chain breaking mechanism algorithm of the disaster-causing body.

[0033] The set of destructive energy factors F1 from the source of the disaster includes the potential energy of the water level of the landslide dammed lake / reservoir. 11 kinetic energy F of the flood peak 12 That is, F1=[F 11 , F 12 The set of chain-break measures for disaster-causing bodies, M1, includes the chain-break measure M1, which is a slope-accelerated diversion channel. 11 (Applicable to easily eroded dammed bodies), chain break measures for spillway M 12 (Applicable to landslide dams that are not easily eroded), i.e., M1 = [M 11 M 12 Algorithm for the chain-breaking mechanism of the disaster-causing body: If the material of the landslide dam is relatively easy to erode, then the variable slope accelerated diversion channel chain-breaking measure M is selected. 11 By guiding the landslide dam to breach through a diversion channel, the potential energy of the reservoir water level is reduced, and the kinetic energy of the breach flood peak is decreased. If the landslide material is not easily eroded, a chain-breaking measure in the spillway is selected. 12 The potential energy of the landslide dammed lake is reduced by stabilizing the flow through the spillway, and the kinetic energy of the flood peak from the Tanhua breach is reduced. As shown in equation (2).

[0034] Equation (2)

[0035] Landslide dams A, B, C, and D all employed the aforementioned landslide dam disaster chain generation mechanism model to reduce destructive energy and achieve chain disruption at the source of the disaster. Specifically, landslide dams A, B, and C, using diversion channels to disrupt the chain, achieved peak flow reductions of 28%, 35%, and 49% respectively, reducing both the maximum potential energy of the reservoir water level and the scouring kinetic energy of the peak flow. Landslide dam D, using a spillway to disrupt the chain, also ensured stable flow, demonstrating a significant energy reduction effect.

[0036] Establish a model of flood chain disruption mechanism to interrupt flood propagation chains.

[0037] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a flood chain breaking mechanism model is established for state C3 in the propagation chain to block the flood propagation chain. The flood chain breaking mechanism model includes a set of disaster factors in the flood propagation chain, a set of flood chain breaking measures, and a propagation chain breaking mechanism algorithm.

[0038] The flood propagation chain disaster factor set F2 includes the total flood volume F 21 Flood peak shape F 22 and floods exceeding standard F 23 That is, F2=[F 21 , F 22 , F 23 ]; Flood chain disruption measures set M2 includes downstream reservoir pre-discharge and flood reception measures M 21 Flood chain breaking mechanism algorithm: Based on the downstream reservoir capacity curve, determine the downstream reservoir's available capacity ΔV, and discharge the maximum flow rate Q. 下泄流量 Initiate pre-release regulation, as shown in equation (3), to ensure the safety of downstream reservoirs and empty the reservoir capacity before the flood peak arrives, thereby reducing the total flood volume F through the empty reservoir capacity. 21 , regulating flood peak shape F 22 Blocking floods exceeding standard levels F 23 This will block the flood propagation path at the downstream reservoir location, thereby protecting downstream populations, towns, and infrastructure.

[0039] Q 下泄流量 =min(△V / t,max(Q 泄量 Formula (3)

[0040] In the formula: t is the predicted time for the flood to travel from the landslide dam to the downstream reservoir, in seconds; Q 泄量 This refers to the discharge from the downstream reservoir, in meters (m). 3 / s.

[0041] If downstream reservoir pre-discharge flood control measures are applied to landslide dam C, the flood propagation chain is broken at reservoirs A and B, respectively, eliminating the risk of flooding from the landslide dam breach.

[0042] Establish a disaster-bearing body chain break mechanism model to improve the accuracy of disaster avoidance.

[0043] Based on the chain generation mechanism model of landslide dam disaster, a chain breaking mechanism model for disaster-bearing bodies is established to improve the accuracy of disaster avoidance for the C4 state in the propagation chain. The chain breaking mechanism model for disaster-bearing bodies includes a set of disaster-bearing body factors, a set of disaster-bearing body avoidance measures, and a chain breaking mechanism algorithm for disaster-bearing bodies.

[0044] The disaster-bearing factor set F3 includes the population F within the flood inundation range of the landslide dam breach flood. 31 The disaster-bearing body chain disruption measures set M3 includes targeted early warning information delivery measures M. 31 Autonomous planning measures for evacuation routes M 32 Personnel transfer dynamic monitoring measures M 33 That is, M3=[M 31 M 32 M 33 The disaster-bearing body chain breaking mechanism algorithm divides the risk warning area into three zones based on the flood propagation range: flood inundation zone Z1, flood-affected zone Z2, and safe evacuation zone Z3. Based on LBS technology, it identifies the population thermal distribution in Z1 and Z2 areas, pushes warning information to the population in Z1 and Z2 areas in a targeted manner, dynamically plans evacuation routes by area, monitors the relocated people in real time, and improves the accuracy of controlled evacuation of the population in the flood inundation range of the breach flood.

[0045] For example, the disaster-bearing body chain breaking mechanism model was applied to the C landslide dam, which enabled the precise transfer of at-risk populations and prevented secondary floods from causing casualties.

[0046] In summary, this invention establishes a disaster chain generation mechanism model based on the disaster status and driving factors of landslide dammed lakes, quantifies the evolution path of landslide dammed lake disasters, and provides a model foundation for systematic chain-breaking disaster reduction; it constructs a full-chain chain-breaking disaster reduction model that reduces the energy of the disaster-causing body, blocks the flood propagation chain, and improves the disaster-bearing body's evacuation accuracy; it realizes chain-like collaborative disaster reduction of landslide dammed lake disasters from "source disaster-causing body → path → terminal disaster-bearing body"; and it has been applied to various landslide dammed lake emergency responses, with significant disaster reduction results.

[0047] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0048] Based on actual landslide-dammed lakes, we quantify the disaster status and driving factors, and establish a model of the chain generation mechanism of landslide-dammed lake disasters.

[0049] Assess the erosion resistance of the landslide dam; based on the chain-breaking mechanism algorithm of the disaster-causing body, if the material of the landslide dam is determined to be relatively easy to erode, then adopt the variable slope accelerated diversion channel chain-breaking measure M. 11 To reduce destructive potential, the cross-sectional shape and longitudinal slope gradient of the diversion channel are determined based on available mechanical equipment, the destructive energy of the landslide dam, and the need to ensure a controllable breach. If the landslide material is deemed relatively difficult to erode, a chain-breaking measure in the spillway is employed.12 To reduce the destructive potential, the cross-sectional shape of the spillway is determined based on the available mechanical equipment, the destructive energy of the dam, and the cross-sectional stability.

[0050] Based on the flood chain disruption mechanism model that breaks the flood propagation chain, the available storage capacity ΔV of the downstream reservoir is calculated using the downstream reservoir capacity curve, and the maximum discharge capacity Q of the reservoir is determined. 下泄流量 And initiate pre-discharge regulation; under the premise of ensuring the safety of downstream reservoirs, ensure that the reservoir capacity is emptied before the flood peak arrives, and block the flood propagation path at the downstream reservoir location through the emptied reservoir capacity.

[0051] Risk warning areas are divided according to the extent of flood spread. A risk population heat map is generated using LBS technology. Evacuation routes are sent to different groups of people in different areas, and the evacuation of people is monitored in real time. The parameters of the flood evolution model are updated every 10 minutes to dynamically optimize the risk zoning and adjust the evacuation routes in real time to achieve the disconnection of the end-bearing structure.

[0052] The following specific embodiments further illustrate the disaster reduction method for landslide dammed lakes based on disaster chain disruption of the present invention.

[0053] Applied to landslide dam C:

[0054] First, a chain-breaking mechanism model to reduce the destructive energy of the source disaster-causing body was applied. Based on assessment, the material in the landslide dammed lake C was relatively easy to erode; therefore, the on-site emergency response selected the variable-slope accelerated diversion channel chain-breaking measure M. 11 By diverting water through a diversion channel to guide the landslide dam to breach, the potential energy of the landslide dammed lake was reduced (the lake level decreased from a potential 2966m to 2933m, a reduction of 33m), and the kinetic energy of the breaching flood peak in Tanhua was also reduced (the flood peak decreased from a potential 43000m). 3 / s reduced to 31000m 3 / s, a decrease of 28%, which reduced both the maximum potential energy of the landslide dam reservoir and the scouring and destructive kinetic energy of the breach flood peak.

[0055] Secondly, a flood chain disruption mechanism model is applied to interrupt the flood propagation chain. Calculations show that downstream hydropower stations can free up reservoir capacity ΔV = 173 million m³. 3 The predicted time for the flood to travel from the landslide dam to the downstream reservoir is t=44h, and ΔV / t=1092m. 3 / s, hydropower station max(Q 泄量 ) = 10000m 3 / s, therefore, Q 下泄流量 =1092m 3 This freed up 173 million cubic meters of reservoir capacity for flooding, effectively breaking the chain at the reservoir and eliminating the risk of flooding from the landslide dam.

[0056] Finally, a disaster-bearing body chain-breaking mechanism model was applied to improve the accuracy of disaster avoidance. Based on the flood propagation range, the area from the landslide dam to the reservoir was divided into risk warning zones, namely the flood inundation zone Z1, the flood-affected zone Z2, and the safe zone Z3. Based on LBS technology, the population thermal distribution in the Z1 and Z2 areas was identified, and the warning information was targeted to the population in the Z1 and Z2 areas. Evacuation routes were dynamically planned in different areas, achieving precise transfer of at-risk populations. The secondary flood of the landslide dam C did not cause any casualties.

[0057] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, combinations, substitutions, improvements, etc., made under the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disaster mitigation method for dammed lakes based on disaster chain blocking, characterized in that: The dammed lake disaster mitigation method specifically comprises the following steps: A dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model is established based on a dammed lake disaster state and a driving factor; A chain breaking mechanism model for reducing the damage energy of a source disaster body is established according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; A flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking a flood propagation chain is established according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; A disaster body chain breaking mechanism model for improving the disaster avoidance accuracy of a disaster body is established according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; The dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model is shown in formula (1): ； In the formula, f is a dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism function; C1 is an initial blocked river state of a dam, forming a disaster body; E1 is a potential energy driving factor; C2 is a dammed body collapse state, under the action of the potential energy driving factor E1, the disaster is generated from the initial blocked river state to the dammed body collapse state; E2 is a kinetic energy driving factor; C3 is a dammed body collapse flood downstream propagation state, under the action of the kinetic energy driving factor E2, the disaster is generated from the dammed body collapse state to the collapse flood downstream propagation; E3 is a flood peak driving factor; C4 is a disaster body loss state, under the action of the E3 driving factor, the disaster is generated from the collapse flood downstream propagation state to the disaster body loss state; According to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model, a chain breaking mechanism model for reducing the damage energy of a source disaster body is established for the C1 and C2 states in the propagation chain, the chain breaking mechanism model comprising a source disaster body damage energy factor set, a disaster body chain breaking measure set and a disaster body chain breaking mechanism algorithm; according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model, a flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking a flood propagation chain is established for the C3 state in the propagation chain, the flood chain breaking mechanism model comprising a flood propagation chain disaster factor set, a flood chain breaking measure set and a propagation chain chain breaking mechanism algorithm; according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model, a disaster body chain breaking mechanism model for improving the disaster avoidance accuracy of a disaster body is established for the C4 state in the propagation chain, the disaster body chain breaking mechanism model comprising a disaster body factor set, a disaster body risk avoidance measure set and a disaster body chain breaking mechanism algorithm.

2. The dammed lake disaster mitigation method based on disaster chain blocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of establishing the chain breaking mechanism model for reducing the damage energy of a source disaster body according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model is as follows: The source disaster body destruction energy factor set F1 includes the dammed lake reservoir water level potential energy F 11 , the burst flood kinetic energy F 12 , that is, F1=[F 11 , F 12 ]; the disaster body chain breaking measure set M1 includes the slope change acceleration type drainage groove chain breaking measure M 11 , the discharge channel chain breaking measure M 12 , that is, M1=[M 11 , M 12 ]; the disaster body chain breaking mechanism algorithm: if the dammed body material is easy to be scoured, the slope change acceleration type drainage groove chain breaking measure M 11 is selected; if the dammed body material is not easy to be scoured, the discharge channel chain breaking measure M 12 is selected; as shown in formula (2): Formula (2).

3. The dammed lake disaster mitigation method based on disaster chain blocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of establishing the flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking a flood propagation chain according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model is as follows: The flood propagation chain disaster factor set F2 includes the total amount of flood F 21 , the flood peak type F 22 , and the super-standard flood F 23 , that is, F2=[F 21 , F 22 , F 23 ]; the flood chain breaking measure set M2 includes the downstream reservoir pre-discharge flood storage measure M 21 ; the flood chain breaking mechanism algorithm: according to the downstream reservoir capacity curve, the downstream reservoir available capacity△V is determined, and the maximum dischargeable flow Q 下泄流量 is started to control the pre-discharge, as shown in formula (3): Q 下泄流量 = min (AV / t, max (Q 泄量 )) formula (3); where t is the predicted time for the flood to travel from the dam to the downstream reservoir, in seconds; Q 泄量 is the downstream reservoir outflow, in m 3 / s.

4. The dammed lake disaster mitigation method based on disaster chain blocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of establishing the disaster body chain breaking mechanism model for improving the disaster avoidance accuracy of a disaster body according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model is as follows: The hazard-affected body factor set F3 includes the population of the dammed lake outburst flood inundation range F 31 ; the hazard-affected body chain breaking measure set M3 includes early warning information targeted pushing measures M 31 , evacuation path autonomous planning measures M 32 , and personnel transfer dynamic monitoring measures M 33 , that is, M3 = [M 31 , M 32 , M 33 ]; the hazard-affected body chain breaking mechanism algorithm: according to the flood propagation range, the risk early warning area is divided, including the flood inundation area Z1, the flood influence area Z2 and the safety area Z3, the population heat distribution of Z1 and Z2 areas is identified based on the LBS technology, the early warning information is targeted pushed to the population of Z1 and Z2 areas, the evacuation path is dynamically planned in different areas, and the transferred personnel is monitored in real time.

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