A solar lithium battery pack integrated with light storage and a control system thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated solar lithium battery pack and its control system, relating to the field of battery packs. The device includes a solar panel and a lithium battery. A mechanical switch assembly is installed within the lithium battery. The mechanical switch assembly includes a non-magnetic support frame, a ring magnet, a connecting rod, a rotation control component, and a resettable switch electromagnetic drive coil. The electromagnetic drive coil is mounted within the non-magnetic support frame. The ring magnet is slidably connected within the non-magnetic support frame. The connecting rod is rotatably connected within the non-magnetic support frame, with one end rotatably connected to the ring magnet. The rotation control component is located at one end of the connecting rod. The resettable switch includes a knife switch and a knife-clamp spring, with the other end of the connecting rod rotatably connected to the knife switch. This device enables rapid circuit disconnection in the event of other software structure failures, resulting in higher circuit safety. The knife switch disconnection response speed is faster, and the control system is more secure, preventing battery pack damage caused by overcharge or other issues.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery pack technology, specifically to a solar lithium battery pack integrating photovoltaic and energy storage and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure transitions towards a low-carbon model, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is being widely adopted. Integrated photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage systems convert solar energy into direct current (DC) through photovoltaic modules, which is then optimized by a charge controller and stored in lithium-ion batteries. When the load requires electricity, the lithium-ion batteries convert it to alternating current (AC) via an inverter. If PV power generation exceeds load demand, excess energy is preferentially stored in the batteries. Once the batteries are fully charged, the excess energy can be fed back to the grid through a grid connection point or generation can be stopped. Simultaneously, the battery pack uses a mature battery management system (BMS) to monitor the battery status in real time, ensuring that no unexpected events occur during the conversion and storage of solar energy.

[0003] However, existing batteries rely too heavily on existing Battery Management Systems (BMS). When the BMS malfunctions, such as due to sampling circuit failure or software bugs, it cannot promptly control the battery input voltage, leading to overcharging and other battery-damaging issues. This can ultimately cause thermal runaway, smoke, fire, and battery bulging and damage. To address these problems, this invention provides an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage solar lithium-ion battery pack and its control system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a solar lithium battery pack integrating photovoltaic and energy storage and its control system. This solves the problem that existing batteries rely too heavily on existing battery management systems (BMS), which leads to the BMS being unable to control the battery input voltage in a timely manner when BMS malfunctions, such as sampling circuit failure or software bugs. This can result in overcharging and other damage to the battery, ultimately causing thermal runaway, smoke, fire, and battery bulging and damage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic-storage integrated solar lithium battery pack, comprising a solar panel and a lithium battery, wherein a BMS main control unit and a mechanical switch assembly are disposed within the lithium battery. The mechanical switch assembly comprises a non-magnetic support frame, a ring magnet, a connecting rod, a rotation control component, and a resettable switch electromagnetic drive coil. The electromagnetic drive coil is installed within the non-magnetic support frame, and the ring magnet is slidably connected within the non-magnetic support frame. The electromagnetic drive coil is used to drive the ring magnet to slide up and down. The connecting rod is rotatably connected within the non-magnetic support frame, with one end of the connecting rod rotatably connected within the ring magnet. The rotation control component is disposed at one end of the connecting rod and is used to limit and reset the connecting rod. The resettable switch comprises a knife switch and a knife clip spring plate. The other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the knife switch. The ring magnet drives the knife switch to disengage from the knife clip spring plate via the connecting rod. The rotation control component is used to movably insert the knife switch into the knife clip spring plate.

[0006] Preferably, the non-magnetic support frame includes a support connecting plate, a connecting through hole, a connecting sliding column, a fixed base, and a support side block. The support connecting plate is installed inside the lithium battery, the connecting through hole is opened on the support connecting plate, the support connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting sliding column, the fixed base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting sliding column, and the support side block is fixedly connected to the side of the support connecting plate.

[0007] Preferably, an annular frame is provided outside the electromagnetic drive coil, the electromagnetic drive coil is mounted on the annular frame, the connecting sliding post is disposed inside the annular frame, and a connecting top post is fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame, the connecting top post being fixedly connected inside the connecting through hole.

[0008] Preferably, the ring magnet is slidably connected to the connecting sliding post, and a first spring is provided on the ring magnet. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the ring magnet, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular frame. The first spring is located outside the connecting sliding post, and a rotating connecting post is fixedly connected to the side end of the ring magnet. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected inside the rotating connecting post.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped connecting block, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected at the center of the connecting rod, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the support side block, and the sliding groove is slidably connected in the rotating connecting column.

[0010] Preferably, the rotation control component includes a ratchet, a pawl, a lever, and a second spring. The ratchet is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft. A first rotating block is fixedly connected to the support side block. The pawl is rotatably connected to the first rotating block. The lever is fixedly connected to one side of the pawl. The lever is used to drive the pawl to rotate, causing the ratchet to rotate under the action of the first spring. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the pawl. A second connecting block is fixedly connected to the support side block. The other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the second connecting block. The second spring is used to press the pawl against the ratchet.

[0011] Preferably, the resettable switch further includes an insulating block, a fixed base, a rotating blade holder, and a fuse. The insulating block is fixedly connected to the top of the blade, the arc-shaped connecting block is fixedly connected to one side of the insulating block, the blade clip spring is mounted on the fixed base, the rotating blade holder is mounted on the fixed base, the blade is rotatably connected inside the rotating blade holder, and the fuse is disposed at one end of the rotating blade holder. The fuse is used to disconnect the circuit when the blade is invalid.

[0012] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the solar panel, and an installation groove is provided in the support frame, in which the lithium battery is installed.

[0013] Preferably, the control system includes:

[0014] The BMS main control unit continuously monitors the individual cell voltage and temperature to detect the charging circuit, and then disconnects the circuit by turning off the MOSFET switch when overcharging is detected.

[0015] The voltage comparator is an independent control unit. The voltage comparator is set after the BMS main control unit. It detects voltage fluctuations through an independent secondary detection circuit. If the BMS main control unit does not respond, it inputs an electrical signal into the SSR (Solid State Relay) to cause the SSR to disconnect the contacts between the input and output sides, thereby activating the circuit.

[0016] The mechanical switch physical disconnection unit is connected to the voltage comparator via an electrical signal. When the SSR contact fails, the current signal flows through the electromagnetic drive coil to convert the electrical signal into kinetic energy and drive the switch to physically disconnect, thereby breaking the circuit.

[0017] Preferably, after the mechanical switch physical cutting unit cuts off the circuit, the switch lock can only be released and the circuit reconnected and charged after manual confirmation and reset.

[0018] Its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0019] 1. This type of solar lithium battery pack integrating photovoltaic and energy storage features a mechanical switch that automatically disconnects quickly. This allows for rapid circuit disconnection in the event of other software structure failures. The switch cannot be automatically reset by rotating the control component; it requires manual intervention by moving the pawl to reset and reconnect the circuit. This enhances circuit safety and improves the switch's disconnection response speed.

[0020] 2. This integrated photovoltaic and energy storage solar lithium battery pack control system adds a voltage comparator to the existing BMS control unit for independent circuit detection, and additionally sets up solid-state relays and mechanical switches for dual circuit safety protection, making the control system safer and preventing battery pack damage caused by overcharging. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lithium battery connection structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mechanical switch assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the mechanical switch assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the rotation control component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mechanical switch assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the battery control system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the collaborative workflow of the protection mechanism of this invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the power-off system of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Solar panel; 2. Support frame; 21. Mounting slot; 3. Lithium battery; 31. BMS main control unit; 32. Mechanical switch assembly; 4. Non-magnetic support frame; 41. Support connecting plate; 42. Connecting through hole; 43. Connecting sliding column; 44. Fixed chassis; 45. Supporting side block; 46. First rotating block; 47. Second connecting block; 5. Electromagnetic drive coil; 51. Annular frame; 52. Connecting top column; 6. Ring magnet; 61. First spring; 62. Rotating connecting column; 7. Rotation control component; 71. Ratchet; 72. Pawl; 73. Actuating lever; 74. Second spring; 8. Connecting rod; 81. Sliding groove; 82. Arc-shaped connecting block; 83. Rotating shaft; 9. Resettable switch; 91. Insulating block; 92. Knife switch; 93. Fixed base; 94. Knife clip spring; 95. Rotating knife holder; 96. Fuse. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] This invention discloses an integrated photovoltaic and energy storage solar lithium battery pack and its control system, according to the appendix. Figure 1-6As shown, the device includes a solar panel 1 and a lithium battery 3. A support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the solar panel 1. An installation groove 21 is provided inside the support frame 2. The lithium battery 3 is installed in the installation groove 21. A BMS main control unit 31 and a mechanical switch assembly 32 are installed inside the lithium battery 3. The mechanical switch assembly 32 includes a non-magnetic support frame 4, a ring magnet 6, a connecting rod 8, a rotation control component 7, a resettable switch 9, and an electromagnetic drive coil 5. The electromagnetic drive coil 5 is installed inside the non-magnetic support frame 4. The ring magnet 6 is slidably connected inside the non-magnetic support frame 4. The electromagnetic drive coil 5 is used to drive the ring magnet 6 to slide up and down. The connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected inside the non-magnetic support frame 4. One end of the connecting rod 8 rotates. Connected within the ring magnet 6, a rotation control component 7 is located at one end of the connecting rod 8. The rotation control component 7 is used to limit and reset the connecting rod 8. The resettable switch 9 includes a knife switch 92 and a knife clip spring plate 94. The other end of the connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected to the knife switch 92. The ring magnet 6 drives the knife switch 92 to disengage from the knife clip spring plate 94 through the connecting rod 8. The rotation control component 7 is used to movably insert the knife switch 92 into the knife clip spring plate 94. During use, current passes through the electromagnetic drive coil 5 and forms an electromagnetic field, which drives the ring magnet 6 to magnetically attract upwards. This causes the connecting rod 8 at one end to rotate downwards under the drive of the ring magnet 6, ultimately driving the knife switch 92 to disengage from the knife clip spring plate 94 and disconnect. The entire process is automatic and the disconnection is rapid.

[0035] The non-magnetic support frame 4 includes a support connecting plate 41, a connecting through hole 42, a connecting sliding column 43, a fixed base 44, and a support side block 45. The support connecting plate 41 is installed inside the lithium battery 3. The connecting through hole 42 is opened on the support connecting plate 41. The support connecting plate 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting sliding column 43. The fixed base 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting sliding column 43. The support side block 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the support connecting plate 41.

[0036] According to the appendix Figure 3-4 As shown, further, an annular frame 51 is provided outside the electromagnetic drive coil 5, the electromagnetic drive coil 5 is installed on the annular frame 51, the connecting sliding post 43 is provided inside the annular frame 51, and a connecting top post 52 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame 51. The connecting top post 52 is fixedly connected to the connecting through hole 42, and the annular frame 51 is installed in the connecting through hole 42 through the connecting top post 52.

[0037] According to the appendix Figure 3-4As shown, further, the ring magnet 6 is slidably connected to the connecting sliding post 43. A first spring 61 is provided on the ring magnet 6. One end of the first spring 61 is fixedly connected to the ring magnet 6, and the other end of the first spring 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular frame 51. The first spring 61 is located outside the connecting sliding post 43. A rotating connecting post 62 is fixedly connected to the side end of the ring magnet 6. One end of the connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected inside the rotating connecting post 62. After the electromagnetic field disappears, the first spring 61 will press the ring magnet 6 downward under the elastic potential energy, and when the rotating control component 7 is released, it will drive the connecting rod 8 to rotate and engage the switch 92 into the switch clip spring plate 94 to reconnect the circuit.

[0038] According to the appendix Figure 6 As shown, specifically disclosed, one end of the connecting rod 8 is provided with a sliding groove 81, the other end of the connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped connecting block 82, a rotating shaft 83 is fixedly connected at the axis of the connecting rod 8, the rotating shaft 83 is rotatably connected in the support side block 45, and the sliding groove 81 is slidably connected in the rotating connecting column 62.

[0039] According to the appendix Figure 5 As shown, the rotation control component 7 includes a ratchet 71, a pawl 72, a lever 73, and a second spring 74. The ratchet 71 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 83. A first rotating block 46 is fixedly connected to the support side block 45. The pawl 72 is rotatably connected to the first rotating block 46. The lever 73 is fixedly connected to one side of the pawl 72. The lever 73 is used to drive the pawl 72 to rotate, causing the ratchet 71 to rotate under the action of the first spring 61. One end of the second spring 74 is fixedly connected to the pawl 72. A second connecting block 47 is fixedly connected to 45. The other end of the second spring 74 is fixedly connected to the second connecting block 47. The second spring 74 is used to press the pawl 72 against the ratchet 71. Through the pawl 72 and the ratchet 71, the connecting rod 8 can only rotate downwards, causing the gate 92 to disengage from the blade holder spring plate 94. It cannot rotate upwards to reset. It is necessary to manually rotate the lever 73 upwards to release the pawl 7. Only then can the connecting rod 8 be rotated under the action of the first spring 61 to reset the gate 92 and reconnect the circuit inside the blade holder spring plate 94.

[0040] According to the appendix Figure 6 As shown, it is particularly important to emphasize that the resettable switch 9 also includes an insulating block 91, a fixed base 93, a rotating knife holder 95, and a fuse 96. The insulating block 91 is fixedly connected to the top of the knife switch 92, the arc-shaped connecting block 82 is fixedly connected to one side of the insulating block 91, the knife clip spring 94 is mounted on the fixed base 93, the rotating knife holder 95 is mounted on the fixed base 93, the knife switch 92 is rotatably connected inside the rotating knife holder 95, and the fuse 96 is located at one end of the rotating knife holder 95. The fuse 96 is used to disconnect the circuit when the knife switch 92 is ineffective.

[0041] According to the appendix Figure 7-9 As shown, it is important to emphasize that the control system includes:

[0042] The BMS main control unit continuously monitors the individual cell voltage and temperature to detect the charging circuit. When overcharge is detected, it disconnects the circuit by turning off the MOSFET switch. In addition, when the internal temperature of the battery is high, the internal CID of the battery isolates the battery pack from each other and disconnects the power supply for resettable overcurrent protection. When the temperature rises, the current is limited by the sharp increase in resistance.

[0043] The voltage comparator is an independent control unit. The voltage comparator is located after the BMS main control unit. It detects voltage fluctuations through an independent secondary detection circuit. If the BMS main control unit does not respond, it inputs an electrical signal into the SSR (solid-state relay) to cause the SSR to open the contacts between the input and output sides, thereby disconnecting the circuit.

[0044] The mechanical switch physical disconnection unit is connected to the voltage comparator via an electrical signal. When the SSR contact fails, the current signal flows through the electromagnetic drive coil, converting the electrical signal into kinetic energy and driving the switch to physically disconnect, thereby breaking the circuit. After the mechanical switch physical disconnection unit disconnects, the switch lock can only be released after manual confirmation and reset, allowing the circuit to be reconnected and recharged.

[0045] The working principle of the control system is as follows: During charging, the BMS main control unit monitors the circuit in real time. When an abnormality is detected, it will perform routine analysis, classify and isolate the circuit, and report to the computer. When the BMS main control unit does not respond, but the voltage comparator detects an abnormal voltage, it triggers the electrical signal of the voltage comparator and sends it to the SSR for secondary isolation. When the SSR contacts fail and the secondary isolation fails, the voltage comparator sends an electrical signal to the electromagnetic drive coil 5 for mechanical isolation to complete the forced power-off.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar lithium battery pack integrated with light storage, comprising a solar panel (1), a lithium battery (3) and a control system, characterized in that, The lithium battery (3) is equipped with a BMS main control unit (31) and a mechanical switch assembly (32), the mechanical switch assembly (32) including: The non-magnetic support frame (4) includes: Support connecting plate (41), which is installed inside lithium battery (3); Support side block (45), which is fixedly connected to the side end of support connecting plate (41); An electromagnetic drive coil (5) is installed inside a non-magnetic support frame (4); The ring magnet (6) is slidably connected in the non-magnetic support frame (4), and the electromagnetic drive coil (5) is used to drive the ring magnet (6) to slide up and down; The connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected in the non-magnetic support frame (4). One end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected in the ring magnet (6). A rotating shaft (83) is fixedly connected at the axis of the connecting rod (8). The rotating shaft (83) is rotatably connected in the support side block (45). A rotation control element (7) is disposed at one end of the connecting rod (8). The rotation control element (7) is used to limit and reset the connecting rod (8). The rotation control element (7) includes: A ratchet (71) is fixedly connected to one side of a rotating shaft (83); A pawl (72) is fixedly connected to a first rotating block (46) on the support side block (45), and the pawl (72) is rotatably connected to the first rotating block (46); A lever (73) is fixedly connected to one side of the pawl (72). A first spring (61) is provided on the ring magnet (6). The lever (73) is used to drive the pawl (72) to flip so that the ratchet (71) rotates under the drive of the first spring (61). The second spring (74) has one end fixedly connected to the pawl (72), and the second connecting block (47) is fixedly connected to the support side block (45). The other end of the second spring (74) is fixedly connected to the second connecting block (47). The second spring (74) is used to press the pawl (72) against the ratchet (71). A resettable switch (9) includes a knife switch (92) and a knife clip spring plate (94). The other end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the knife switch (92). The ring magnet (6) drives the knife switch (92) to disengage from the knife clip spring plate (94) through the connecting rod (8). The rotation control member (7) is used to movably insert the knife switch (92) into the knife clip spring plate (94). The control system includes: The BMS main control unit continuously monitors the individual cell voltage and temperature to detect the charging circuit, and then disconnects the circuit by turning off the MOSFET switch when overcharging is detected. The voltage comparator is an independent control unit. The voltage comparator is located after the BMS main control unit. It detects voltage fluctuations through an independent secondary detection circuit. If the BMS main control unit does not respond, it inputs an electrical signal into the SSR solid-state relay, causing the SSR to disconnect the contacts between the input and output sides, thereby disconnecting the circuit. The mechanical switch physical disconnection unit is connected to the voltage comparator via an electrical signal. When the SSR contact fails, the current signal flows through the electromagnetic drive coil to convert the electrical signal into kinetic energy and drive the switch to physically disconnect, thereby breaking the circuit.

2. The integrated light and power system of claim 1, wherein, The non-magnetic support frame (4) also includes: A connecting through hole (42) is provided on the supporting connecting plate (41); The connecting sliding column (43) is connected, and the supporting connecting plate (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting sliding column (43); The fixed chassis (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting sliding column (43).

3. The integrated light and power system of claim 2, wherein the photovoltaic cells are configured to provide power to the battery. An annular frame (51) is provided outside the electromagnetic drive coil (5). The electromagnetic drive coil (5) is installed on the annular frame (51). The connecting sliding column (43) is set inside the annular frame (51). A connecting top column (52) is fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame (51). The connecting top column (52) is fixedly connected inside the connecting through hole (42).

4. The integrated light and power system of claim 2, wherein the photovoltaic cells are configured to provide power to the battery. The ring magnet (6) is slidably connected to the connecting sliding post (43). One end of the first spring (61) is fixedly connected to the ring magnet (6), and the other end of the first spring (61) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular frame (51). The first spring (61) is located outside the connecting sliding post (43). A rotating connecting post (62) is fixedly connected to the side end of the ring magnet (6), and one end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected inside the rotating connecting post (62).

5. The integrated light and power system of claim 4, wherein the photovoltaic cells are configured to provide power to the battery. One end of the connecting rod (8) is provided with a sliding groove (81), and the other end of the connecting rod (8) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped connecting block (82). The sliding groove (81) is slidably connected in the rotating connecting column (62).

6. A solar lithium battery pack integrating photovoltaic and energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The resettable switch (9) also includes: An insulating block (91) is fixedly connected to the top of a switch (92), and an arc-shaped connecting block (82) is fixedly connected to one side of the insulating block (91). The fixed base (93) is on which the blade clamp spring plate (94) is mounted; A rotating knife holder (95) is mounted on a fixed base (93), and the knife gate (92) is rotatably connected inside the rotating knife holder (95); A fuse (96) is disposed at one end of a rotating knife holder (95) and is used to disconnect the circuit when the knife switch (92) is ineffective.

7. The integrated light and power system of claim 1, wherein, The solar panel (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (2) at its bottom end. An installation groove (21) is provided in the support frame (2), and the lithium battery (3) is installed in the installation groove (21).

8. The integrated solar lithium battery of any of claims 1-7, wherein, After the mechanical switch physical cutting unit cuts off the circuit, the switch lock can only be released and the circuit reconnected and charged after manual confirmation and reset.

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