A weeding machine and a weeding method for rubber planting

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a weeding machine for rubber planting and a weeding method. The weeding machine for rubber planting comprises a rack serving as an overall supporting structure of the weeding machine, a swing arm connected to the rack, a mowing cutter connected to the swing arm and below the rack, a return spring connected to the rack and the swing arm, and a main active avoiding structure comprising a mounting seat, a pressing structure, a roller, a speed changing structure, a cam, a conversion structure and a pushing plate. The application completely abandons the traditional "collision-reaction" passive logic and creatively adopts a pure mechanical ranging and triggering mechanism. The process does not need to have any contact with trees, fundamentally eliminates the problem of bending and avoiding failure caused by the smallness and softness of trees, avoids the collision, scraping and cutting damage of the mowing cutter on the tree trunk, and effectively protects the economic value of rubber trees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a weeding machine and weeding method for rubber plantations. Background Technology

[0002] Weeding between rows in rubber plantations is an important and frequent task in rubber tree maintenance and management. Its purpose is to remove weeds that compete with rubber trees for water and nutrients, while conserving soil and water. Currently, common weeding methods include manual weeding, chemical weeding, and mechanical weeding. Manual weeding is inefficient, labor-intensive, and costly; while chemical weeding is highly efficient, long-term use can lead to soil compaction, pesticide residues, and environmental pollution, and may also have potential negative impacts on rubber tree growth. Therefore, efficient and environmentally friendly mechanical weeding methods are increasingly favored.

[0003] In existing technologies, inter-row weeders used in plantations mostly employ rotary blades or swivel blades for operation. Their working methods are mainly divided into two categories: one is continuous rotation of the blade for indiscriminate cutting. This method has high power consumption and also operates on areas that do not require weeding (such as areas near tree trunks), posing a significant risk of damaging rubber tree trunks. The other type is equipped with a simple obstacle avoidance mechanism, usually a passive collision type, where the blade bounces up mechanically when it encounters an obstacle to avoid it. However, this collision avoidance method suffers from problems such as delayed action, high impact force, low reliability, and the potential to scratch the protective layer of the obstacle (tree) surface.

[0004] In particular, for standardized plantations like rubber plantations with regular row spacing and fixed plant spacing, the above-mentioned mechanical weeding methods are not intelligent or efficient enough. Furthermore, the avoidance mechanism needs to come into contact with the trees planted in the rubber plantation, forming a passive avoidance mechanism. During this process, the small rubber tree trunks will bend when impacted instead of effectively pushing the avoidance mechanism, resulting in delayed, insufficient, or even completely ineffective avoidance actions. Ultimately, the cutting disc will come into contact with the trees, causing damage to the bark and affecting the growth of the rubber trees and their economic value.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a purely mechanical weeding device that can adapt to standardized plantation environments, achieve precise timed triggering without electronic sensors, operate reliably, and effectively protect crop trunks, in order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem that existing mechanical weeding methods are not intelligent or efficient enough for standardized plantations like rubber plantations with fixed row and plant spacing. Furthermore, the avoidance mechanism needs to contact the trees planted in the rubber plantation, resulting in passive avoidance. During this process, the small rubber trees bend upon contact, leading to unsatisfactory passive avoidance and causing the weed cutter to come into contact with the trees. The invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0007] A weeding machine for rubber plantations, comprising:

[0008] The frame serves as the overall support structure for the weeder;

[0009] A swing arm is connected to the frame;

[0010] The mowing blade, connected to the swing arm and below the frame, is used for weeding;

[0011] A return spring, connected to the frame and the swing arm, is used to drive the swing arm to return to its original position.

[0012] The active obstacle avoidance structure includes: a mounting base, a pressing structure, rollers, a transmission structure, a cam, a conversion structure, and a push plate;

[0013] Mounting base, connected to the bottom of the frame;

[0014] A pressing structure, connected to the mounting base, is used to provide continuous pressure to ensure reliable contact between the roller and the ground;

[0015] The speed-changing structure is connected to the mounting base through the pressing structure, and is used to transmit the rotation of the roller after conversion according to a preset transmission ratio;

[0016] The rollers, connected to the speed-changing structure, are used to convert the travel distance of the frame into rotational motion;

[0017] A cam, connected to the transmission structure, is used to convert the rotational motion after speed change into periodic power for triggering avoidance.

[0018] A conversion structure, connected to the cam, is used to convert the rotational motion of the cam into linear motion;

[0019] The push plate, connected to the conversion structure and the cam, is used to actively push the swing arm to swing.

[0020] The pressing structure drives the roller to fit against the ground through the speed-changing structure. When the frame moves, it drives the roller to rotate. When the roller rotates, it drives the speed-changing structure to run. When the speed-changing structure runs, it drives the conversion structure to run through the cam. When the conversion structure runs, it actively pushes the swing arm to swing through the push plate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the pressing structure includes:

[0022] A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting base;

[0023] A connecting strip is provided on the outside of the rotating rod;

[0024] A rotating rod passes through the connecting strip;

[0025] An arc-shaped spring is connected to the rotating rod and the mounting base;

[0026] The roller and the rotating rod are fixedly connected;

[0027] The arc spring drives the rotating rod to rotate, and when the rotating rod rotates, the connecting strip drives the roller to contact the ground.

[0028] A rotating column is rotatably connected to the rotating rod and is used to connect with the speed-changing structure.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the transmission structure includes:

[0030] A positioning cover is fitted onto the outside of the rotating rod and the rotating column;

[0031] A protective cover is fitted over the outside of the rotating rod and the rotating column;

[0032] A speed-changing gear is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod and the rotating column, and is located between the positioning cover and the protective cover;

[0033] The chain is fitted onto the outside of the two gears.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the transmission gears are configured in two sets, each set consisting of three gears of different diameters.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, an output actuator is mounted on the bottom of the frame by screws, and the input end of the output actuator and the rotating column are connected by a flat key.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a connecting structure is installed between the cam and the output transmission device, the connecting structure comprising:

[0037] A rhombus-shaped body is connected to the output end of the output actuator, and the cam is sleeved on the outside of the rhombus-shaped body;

[0038] A telescopic component is connected to the outside of the output actuator;

[0039] A connecting member is located inside the cam and connected to the telescopic member.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the conversion structure includes:

[0041] A rack is disposed inside the frame;

[0042] The first gear is located inside the frame and meshes with the top of the outer surface of the rack.

[0043] The second gear is located inside the frame and meshes with the outer side of the first gear;

[0044] The second gear meshes with the outer side of the push plate and the bottom end of the push plate.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the end of the cam near the output drive is equidistantly fitted with extrusion components, and the multiple extrusion components are connected by the same friction ring.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method of using the above-mentioned rubber plantation weed cutter, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Row spacing setting and equipment preparation: Based on the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the transmission structure is set by changing the gear set so that the cam rotates one revolution when the roller travels a distance equal to the distance between one rubber tree.

[0048] S2. Equipment movement and distance measurement: Start the weeder and make it move along the direction between the rubber tree rows; the movement of the frame drives the rollers to roll close to the ground, and the arc spring in the pressing structure continuously provides pressure to ensure that the rollers are in reliable contact with the ground without slippage; the rotation of the rollers is transmitted and converted through the speed change structure.

[0049] S3, Signal Conversion and Triggering: The rotational motion converted by the speed-changing structure is transmitted to the cam through the connecting structure, driving it to rotate; when the cam rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion through the conversion structure, driving the push plate to produce displacement;

[0050] S4. Active avoidance action execution: The displacement of the push plate actively impacts and pushes the swing arm, causing it to swing the grass-cutting blade away from the rubber tree trunk, thus achieving early avoidance;

[0051] S5. Automatic Reset: When the cam passes the maximum lift point, the reset spring releases its elastic potential energy, driving the swing arm and the mowing blade to reset to the initial working position, waiting for the next trigger.

[0052] S6. Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to enable the weeder to perform an active avoidance swing before each rubber tree it encounters during its movement, thus completing efficient and damage-free inter-row weeding operations.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0054] (1) This invention completely abandons the traditional passive logic of "collision-response" and creatively adopts a purely mechanical ranging and triggering mechanism. This process does not require any contact with the trees, fundamentally eliminating the problem of bending and avoidance failure caused by the small and soft trees, avoiding collision, scratching and cutting damage to the tree trunk by the grass cutter disc, and effectively protecting the economic value of rubber trees.

[0055] (2) The transmission ratio can be easily adjusted by changing the gear set, so as to adapt to the planting mode of standardized rubber plantation with different spacing. In addition, through the connection structure between the cam and the output transmission, the operator can quickly realize the engagement and disengagement of the cam, so as to flexibly open or pause the avoidance function to adapt to non-standard spacing plots or special operation needs, thereby improving the versatility and practicality of the machine. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a rubber plantation weeding machine according to Embodiment 1;

[0057] Figure 2 The image shown is a bottom view of a rubber plantation weeder according to Embodiment 1;

[0058] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the return spring in Embodiment 1;

[0059] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the rotating rod in Embodiment 1;

[0060] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the arc spring in Embodiment 1;

[0061] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the transmission structure in Embodiment 1;

[0062] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the rhombus in Embodiment 1;

[0063] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the friction ring in Example 1;

[0064] Figure 9 The image shown is a physical picture of a rubber plantation weeder from Example 1.

[0065] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Swing arm; 3. Mowing blade; 4. Return spring; 51. Mounting base; 52. Rotating rod; 53. Connecting bar; 54. Rotating rod; 55. Roller; 56. Arc spring; 57. Rotating column; 58. Speed ​​change mechanism; 581. Positioning cover; 582. Protective cover; 583. Speed ​​change gear; 584. Chain; 59. Output transmission device; 510. Cam; 511. Rack; 512. First gear; 513. Second gear; 514. Push plate; 515. Rhombus; 516. Telescopic component; 517. Connecting component; 518. Extrusion component; 519. Friction ring; 520. Abutment column. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This invention provides a weeding machine for rubber plantations, such as... Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the weed cutter includes: a frame 1, a swing arm 2, a cutting disc 3, a return spring 4, and an active avoidance structure; the frame 1 serves as the overall support structure for the weed cutter; the swing arm 2 is connected to the frame 1; the cutting disc 3 is connected to the swing arm 2 and below the frame 1 for weeding; the return spring 4 is connected to the frame 1 and the swing arm 2 for driving the swing arm 2 to return to its original position; the active avoidance structure includes: a mounting base 51, a pressing structure, a roller 55, a transmission structure 58, a cam 510, a conversion structure, and a push plate 514; the mounting base 51 is connected to the bottom of the frame 1; the pressing structure is connected to the mounting base 51 to provide continuous pressure to ensure reliable contact between the roller 55 and the ground; the transmission structure 58 is connected to the mounting base 51 through the pressing structure to change the rotation of the roller 55 according to a preset transmission ratio. The calculation is then transmitted; the roller 55 is connected to the speed-changing structure 58 to convert the travel distance of the frame 1 into rotational motion; the cam 510 is connected to the speed-changing structure 58 to convert the rotational motion after speed change into periodic power for triggering avoidance; the conversion structure is connected to the cam 510 to convert the rotational motion of the cam 510 into linear motion; the push plate 514 is connected to the cam 510 through the conversion structure to actively push the swing arm 2 to swing; the pressing structure drives the roller 55 to contact the ground through the speed-changing structure 58; when the frame 1 moves, it drives the roller 55 to rotate; when the roller 55 rotates, it runs through the speed-changing structure 58; when the speed-changing structure 58 runs, it drives the conversion structure to run through the cam 510; when the conversion structure runs, it actively pushes the swing arm 2 to swing through the push plate 514.

[0069] In standardized rubber plantations with fixed row and plant spacing, the avoidance mechanism of the weed cutter needs to come into contact with the trees planted in the rubber plantation, forming a passive avoidance mechanism. During this process, the small rubber tree trunks will bend when impacted instead of effectively pushing the avoidance mechanism, resulting in delayed, insufficient or even completely ineffective avoidance action. Ultimately, the cutting disc will come into contact with the tree, causing bark damage and affecting the growth of the rubber tree and its economic value.

[0070] This invention completely abandons the passive logic of "reaction after collision". Its core lies in ensuring that the roller 55 always reliably contacts the ground through the pressing structure, and accurately converting the travel distance of the frame 1 into the number of rotations of the roller 55. This motion is converted by the speed change structure 58 according to the preset transmission ratio and drives the cam 510 to rotate. Each rotation of the cam 510 corresponds to the fixed distance of the frame 1 traveling through one rubber tree. Accordingly, before the mowing blade 3 is about to contact the tree, the cam 510 has accurately driven the push plate 514 through the conversion structure, actively pushing the swing arm 2 to drive the mowing blade 3 to complete the swing avoidance action. This process does not require any contact with the tree, fundamentally eliminating the problem of avoidance failure caused by the small and soft trees.

[0071] Since the avoidance action is actively completed before the cutting disc 3 comes into contact with the tree, and the power comes from the movement of the frame 1 itself, the collision, scratching and cutting damage of the cutting disc 3 to the rubber tree trunk is completely avoided.

[0072] In use, the frame 1 is connected to the tractor, and then the tractor drives the frame 1 to walk along the ground. At this time, the pressing structure is moved by the mounting base 51, and the pressing structure drives the roller 55 to fit against the ground through the transmission structure 58. When the frame 1 walks, it rotates due to the friction between the roller 55 and the ground. When the roller 55 rotates, it drives the transmission structure 58 to run. When the transmission structure 58 runs, it drives the cam 510 to rotate. The rotation of the cam 510 drives the conversion structure to run. When the conversion structure runs, it drives the push plate 514 to move. When the push plate 514 moves, it actively pushes the swing arm 2 to swing. When the swing arm 2 swings, it drives the grass cutter disc 3 to swing, so that the grass cutter disc 3 actively avoids the rubber tree trunk.

[0073] Specifically, a swing arm 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the frame 1 via a rotating shaft. Both the swing arm 2 and the bottom of the frame 1 are rotatably connected to a mowing blade 3. A return spring 4 is installed between one end of the swing arm 2 and the top of the frame 1. (A transmission structure is installed inside the frame 1 and the swing arm 2. A commutator is installed at the top of the frame 1. The transmission structure drives multiple mowing blades 3 to rotate synchronously. The commutator drives the transmission structure to run. The above is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.) A mounting base 51 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1 via screws. A pressing structure is installed inside the mounting base 51. A roller 55 is rotatably connected to one end of the pressing structure. A speed-changing structure 58 is installed at the other end of the pressing structure. A cam 510 is installed at one end of the speed-changing structure. A conversion structure is attached to the top of the cam 510. The conversion structure is installed inside the frame 1. A push plate 514 is attached to the conversion structure and slidably connected inside the frame 1.

[0074] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, to ensure that the roller 55 is always in contact with the ground and to prevent the device from malfunctioning or becoming inaccurate due to uneven ground inside the rubber plantation, the pressing structure includes: a rotating rod 52, a connecting strip 53, a rotating rod 54, an arc spring 56, and a rotating column 57. The rotating rod 52 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 51; the connecting strip 53 is located on the outside of the rotating rod 52; the rotating rod 54 passes through the connecting strip 53; the arc spring 56 connects the rotating rod 52 and the mounting base 51; the roller 55 and the rotating rod 54 are fixedly connected; the arc spring 56 drives the rotating rod 52 to rotate, and when the rotating rod 52 rotates, it drives the roller 55 to contact the ground through the connecting strip 53 and the rotating rod 54; the rotating column 57 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 52 and is used to connect with the speed-changing structure 58.

[0075] In use, the tension of the arc spring 56 drives the rotating rod 52 to rotate. When the rotating rod 52 rotates, it causes the connecting bar 53 to deflect. After the connecting bar 53 deflects, it drives the roller 55 to fit against the ground through the rotating rod 54.

[0076] Specifically, a rotating rod 52 is rotatably connected inside the mounting base 51 via a bushing. An arc spring 56 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the rotating rod 52 and the inside of the mounting base 51. A metal protective mesh is installed on one end face of the mounting base 51 at one end of the rotating rod 52. A connecting strip 53 is installed on the outer side of the rotating rod 52 via a flat key. A rotating rod 54 is rotatably connected inside the connecting strip 53. The rotating rod 54 and the roller 55 are fixedly connected by bolts. A rotating column 57 is rotatably connected to the middle of one end of the rotating rod 52 via a bearing.

[0077] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, since the spacing of trees planted in a rubber plantation is different, the gear ratio needs to be adjusted. At this time, the gear transmission structure 58 includes: a positioning cover 581, a protective cover 582, a gear 583, and a chain 584. The positioning cover 581 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57; the protective cover 582 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57; the gear 583 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57, and is located between the positioning cover 581 and the protective cover 582; the chain 584 is sleeved on the outside of the two gears 583.

[0078] In use, the chain 584 is fitted onto the outside of the two sets of gears 583, and then the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 are combined. At this time, the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 protect the chain 584 and the gears 583, preventing external objects from entering the outside of the chain 584 and the gears 583.

[0079] Specifically, a positioning cover 581 is connected to the outer side of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 via bearings. A speed-changing gear 583 is snapped onto the outer side of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 at one end of the positioning cover 581. The speed-changing gear 583 is configured in two sets, with a chain 584 sleeved on the outer side of each set. Each set of speed-changing gears 583 consists of three gears of different diameters. The different diameters of the three gears in each set create three stable speed ratios. One set is closer to the positioning cover 581. The diameter of gear 81 decreases from large to small, while the diameter of another set of gears near the positioning cover 581 increases from small to large. When each relative gear is connected by chain 584, the rotation speed of the rotating column 57 is different, so that the device can be used for planting trees at three different spacings. A protective cover 582 is slidably connected to the outside of the rotating rod 54 and the rotating column 57 at one end of the speed-changing gear 583. The protective cover 582 is concave in shape, and the protective cover 582 and the positioning cover 581 are fixed together by screws.

[0080] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, since the spacing between trees planted in rubber plantations has a standard distance, and the spacing between trees planted in some rubber plantations is non-standard, it is necessary for the cam 510 to switch between rotating and not rotating. For this purpose, an output actuator 59 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1 by screws. The input end of the output actuator 59 is connected to the rotating column 57 by a flat key. A connecting structure is installed between the cam 510 and the output actuator 59. The connecting structure includes: a rhombus 515, a telescopic member 516, and a connecting member 517. The rhombus 515 is connected to the output end of the output actuator 59, and the cam 510 is sleeved on the outside of the rhombus 515. The telescopic member 516 is connected to the outside of the output actuator 59. The connecting member 517 is located inside the cam 510 and is connected to the telescopic member 516.

[0081] Specifically, the outer side of the rotating column 57 is connected to the input end of the output actuator 59 via a flat key. The output end of the output actuator 59 is connected to a rhombus 515 via a flat key. One end of the rhombus 515 has an inclined angle. One end of the cam 510 has a rhombus groove corresponding to one end of the rhombus 515. A telescopic component 516 (specifically a manual telescopic rod) is symmetrically embedded at the bottom of one end of the output actuator 59. A connecting component 517 (specifically composed of a circular ring, a rectangular bar, and a convex ring) is snapped between one end of the two telescopic components 516. The convex ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the cam 510, and the telescopic component 516 is snapped into the inside of the rectangular bar.

[0082] During the above process, the cam 510 and the output drive 59 are separated. At this time, the cam 510 rotates due to gravity. Therefore, after the cam 510 and the output drive 59 are separated, the position of the cam 510 needs to be fixed.

[0083] For this purpose, the end of the cam 510 near the output transmission 59 is equidistantly fitted with extrusion parts 518 (specifically belonging to spring telescopic rods), and multiple extrusion parts 518 are connected by the same friction ring 519. The rectangular strip of the connecting part 517 is slidably connected with an abutment post 520, and a ball is embedded in the end face of the abutment post 520 near the friction ring 519.

[0084] When the cam 510 and the output drive 59 are separated, the extrusion member 518 drives the friction ring 519 to fit against the rectangular strip of the connector 517, so that the cam 510 and the connector 517 are kept fixed by friction and extrusion force.

[0085] When the cam 510 and the output drive 59 coincide, the plane of the abutment post 520 contacts the output drive 59. The output drive 59 drives the abutment post 520 to move. When the abutment post 520 moves, it drives the friction ring 519 to move. When the friction ring 519 moves, it squeezes the extruder 518, causing the extruder 518 to be compressed. At the same time, the friction between the friction ring 519 and the abutment post 520 is reduced by the ball bearings at the end of the abutment post 520, so that the cam 510 drives the ball bearings to rotate inside the abutment post 520 through the friction ring 519.

[0086] like Figure 7 As shown, since the cam 510 needs to push the push plate 514 to move quickly when it rotates slowly, the conversion structure includes: rack 511, first gear 512 and second gear 513; rack 511 is located inside the frame 1; first gear 512 is located inside the frame 1 and meshes with the top of the outer surface of rack 511; second gear 513 is located inside the frame 1 and meshes with the outer side of first gear 512, and the outer side of second gear 513 meshes with the bottom end of push plate 514.

[0087] When in use, when the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, it pushes the rack 511 to move. When the rack 511 moves, it drives the second gear 513 to rotate rapidly through the first gear 512. When the second gear 513 rotates rapidly, it drives the push plate 514 to move rapidly.

[0088] Specifically, a rack 511 is horizontally slidably connected inside the frame 1. The top of the rack 511 is meshed with a first gear 512 that is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The outer surface of the first gear 512 is meshed with a second gear 513 that is rotatably connected to the frame 1 (the diameter of the first gear 512 is seven times that of the second gear 513). The outer surface of the second gear 513 is meshed with the bottom of a push plate 514 that is horizontally slidably connected to the frame 1.

[0089] A method of using the above-mentioned rubber plantation weed cutter includes the following steps:

[0090] S1. Row spacing setting and equipment preparation: Based on the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the transmission structure 58 is set by changing the transmission gear 583 group so that when the roller 55 travels a distance equal to the distance between one rubber tree, the cam 510 rotates one revolution.

[0091] S2. Equipment movement and distance measurement: Start the weeder and make it move along the direction between the rubber tree rows; the moving drive roller 55 of the frame 1 rolls close to the ground, and the arc spring 56 in the pressing structure continuously provides pressure to ensure that the roller 55 is in reliable contact with the ground without slipping; the rotation of the roller 55 is transmitted and converted through the speed change structure 58.

[0092] S3, Signal Conversion and Triggering: The rotational motion converted by the speed-changing structure 58 is transmitted to the cam 510 through the connecting structure, driving it to rotate; when the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion through the conversion structure, driving the push plate 514 to generate displacement instantaneously.

[0093] S4. Active avoidance action execution: The instantaneous displacement of the push plate 514 actively impacts and pushes the swing arm 2, causing it to drive the grass cutting disc 3 to swing rapidly away from the rubber tree trunk, thus achieving early avoidance.

[0094] S5. Automatic Reset: When the cam 510 rotates past the maximum lift point, the reset spring 4 releases its elastic potential energy, driving the swing arm 2 and the mowing blade 3 to quickly reset to the initial working position, waiting for the next trigger.

[0095] S6. Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to enable the weeder to perform an active avoidance swing before each rubber tree it encounters during its movement, thus completing efficient and damage-free inter-row weeding operations.

[0096] Working principle: According to the actual planting spacing of the rubber plantation, the operator pre-adjusts the transmission ratio of the transmission structure 58. First, the protective cover 582 of the transmission structure 58 is opened. By selecting and replacing the gears of different diameters in the transmission gear 583 group, it is ensured that when the roller 55 rolls precisely on the ground at a distance equivalent to the distance between the trees, the cam 510 rotates exactly one revolution.

[0097] For standard row spacing, the operator manually controls the telescopic component 516 to retract, which drives the connecting component 517 to move, so that the diamond groove inside the cam 510 meshes with the diamond body 515 at the output end of the output actuator 59. At this time, power can be effectively transmitted to the cam 510. When the cam 510 and the output actuator 59 coincide, the plane of the abutment post 520 contacts the output actuator 59. The output actuator 59 drives the abutment post 520 to move. When the abutment post 520 moves, it drives the friction ring 519 to move. When the friction ring 519 moves, it squeezes the extruder 518, compressing the extruder 518. At the same time, the ball bearings at the end of the abutment post 520 reduce the friction between the friction ring 519 and the abutment post 520, so that the cam 510 drives the ball bearings to rotate inside the abutment post 520 through the friction ring 519, allowing the cam 510 to rotate freely.

[0098] If the row spacing is not standard or the obstacle avoidance function needs to be paused, the telescopic component 516 is extended to disengage the cam 510 from the rhombus 515. At the same time, the pressing component 518 pushes the friction ring 519 to press the connecting component 517 tightly, using friction to lock the cam 510 in the current position and prevent it from swinging randomly.

[0099] Next, the frame 1 is connected to the tractor. At this time, the frame 1 is pulled by the tractor to walk between the rows. Under the continuous action of the arc spring 56, the roller 55 is forced to keep pressed against the ground by driving the rotating rod 52 and the connecting bar 53, so as to ensure that it will not jump off the ground and slip in the uneven field, thereby ensuring the accuracy of distance measurement. The traveling power of the frame 1 is converted into the rotational motion of the roller 55 through friction.

[0100] The rotation of the roller 55 is transmitted to the transmission structure 58 through the rotating rod 54. The power is transmitted between the two sets of transmission gears 583 via the chain 584. After transmission, the output transmission 59 is driven by the rotating column 57, and finally the power is transmitted to the cam 510 through the output transmission 59.

[0101] The cam 510 receives the rotational motion after the speed change and begins to rotate at a constant speed. When the cam 510 rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, it begins to push the conversion structure. In this embodiment, the cam 510 directly pushes the rack 511 to generate linear motion. The linear motion of the rack 511 drives the first gear 512 to rotate. The first gear 512 then drives the second gear 513 to rotate at high speed. The second gear 513 finally meshes and drives the push plate 514 to generate a fast linear motion. This process amplifies and converts the slow rotation of the cam 510 into an instantaneous, high-speed linear impact of the push plate 514 through the composite mechanism of "cam 510 - rack 511 - first gear 512 - second gear 513".

[0102] The rapid linear motion of the push plate 514 actively impacts the swing arm 2. Under the impact force, the swing arm 2 overcomes the tension of the return spring 4 and quickly rotates around the hinge point, thereby driving the grass cutting disc 3 at its end to swing synchronously away from the rubber tree trunk. The avoidance action is completed before the disc contacts the tree. When the cam 510 rotates past the highest point and the thrust on the rack 511 disappears, the stretched return spring 4 immediately releases the stored elastic potential energy and forcefully pulls the swing arm 2 and the grass cutting disc 3 back to the initial working position, ready for the next cutting and avoidance cycle.

[0103] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A weeding machine for rubber plantations, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) serves as the overall support structure for the weeder; Swing arm (2) is connected to the frame (1); The mowing blade (3) is connected to the swing arm (2) and the frame (1) below, and is used for weeding; A reset spring (4) is connected to the frame (1) and the swing arm (2) for driving the swing arm (2) to reset; The active avoidance structure includes: a mounting base (51), a pressing structure, a roller (55), a speed-changing structure (58), a cam (510), a conversion structure, and a push plate (514); the mounting base (51) is connected to the bottom of the frame (1); the pressing structure is connected to the mounting base (51) to provide continuous pressure to ensure that the roller (55) is reliably attached to the ground; the speed-changing structure (58) is connected to the mounting base (51) through the pressing structure to transmit the rotation of the roller (55) according to a preset transmission ratio; the roller (55) is connected to the speed-changing structure (58) to convert the travel distance of the frame (1) into rotational motion; the cam (510) is connected to the speed-changing structure (58). The conversion structure is connected to the cam (510) to convert the rotational motion of the cam (510) into linear motion. The push plate (514) is connected to the cam (510) through the conversion structure to actively push the swing arm (2) to swing. The pressing structure presses the roller (55) to fit against the ground. When the frame (1) moves, it drives the roller (55) to rotate. When the roller (55) rotates, it drives the speed change structure (58) to run. When the speed change structure (58) runs, it drives the conversion structure to run through the cam (510). When the conversion structure runs, it actively pushes the swing arm (2) to swing through the push plate (514). The pressing structure includes: Rotary rod (52) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (51); A connecting strip (53) is provided on the outside of the rotating rod (52); A rotating rod (54) passes through the connecting strip (53); An arc spring (56) is connected to the rotating rod (52) and the mounting base (51); The roller (55) and the rotating rod (54) are fixedly connected; The arc spring (56) drives the rotating rod (52) to rotate. When the rotating rod (52) rotates, it drives the roller (55) to fit against the ground through the connecting strip (53) and the rotating rod (54). A rotating column (57) is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (52) and is used to connect with the speed-changing structure (58); The speed-changing structure (58) includes: A positioning cover (581) is fitted onto the outside of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57); A protective cover (582) is fitted over the outside of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57); The speed-changing gear (583) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (54) and the rotating column (57), and is located between the positioning cover (581) and the protective cover (582); The chain (584) is sleeved on the outside of the two gears (583).

2. The rubber plantation weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed-changing gears (583) are configured in two sets, each set consisting of three gears with different diameters.

3. The rubber plantation weeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame (1) is fitted with an output actuator (59) by screws, and the input end of the output actuator (59) is connected to the rotating column (57) by a flat key.

4. The rubber plantation weeder according to claim 3, characterized in that, A connecting structure is installed between the cam (510) and the output actuator (59), the connecting structure comprising: A rhombus (515) is connected to the output end of the output actuator (59), and a cam (510) is sleeved on the outside of the rhombus (515); Telescopic component (516) is connected to the outside of the output actuator (59); The connector (517) is located inside the cam (510) and connected to the telescopic member (516).

5. The rubber plantation weeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion structure includes: A rack (511) is disposed inside the frame (1); The first gear (512) is located inside the frame (1) and meshes with the top of the outer surface of the rack (511); The second gear (513) is located inside the frame (1) and meshes with the outer side of the first gear (512); The second gear (513) meshes with the outer side of the push plate (514).

6. The rubber plantation weeder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cam (510) has an equidistantly embedded extrusion member (518) at one end near the output drive (59), and the multiple extrusion members (518) are connected by the same friction ring (519).

7. A method of using the rubber plantation weeder as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Row spacing setting and equipment preparation: According to the standard planting row spacing of rubber trees, the transmission ratio of the transmission structure (58) is set by changing the gear (583) group so that when the roller (55) travels a distance equal to the distance between rubber trees, the cam (510) rotates one revolution. S2. Equipment movement and distance measurement: Start the weeding machine and make it move along the direction between the rubber tree rows; the movement of the frame (1) drives the roller (55) to roll close to the ground, and the arc spring (56) in the pressing structure continuously provides pressure to ensure that the roller (55) is in reliable contact with the ground without slippage; the rotation of the roller (55) is transmitted and converted through the speed change structure (58); S3, Signal conversion and triggering: The rotational motion converted by the speed change structure (58) is transmitted to the cam (510) through the connection structure, driving it to rotate; When the cam (510) rotates to the steep lift section of its profile, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion by the conversion structure, driving the push plate (514) to produce displacement; S4. Active avoidance action execution: The displacement of the push plate (514) actively impacts and pushes the swing arm (2), causing it to drive the grass cutting disc (3) to swing away from the rubber tree trunk, thus achieving early avoidance; S5. Automatic Reset: When the cam (510) passes the maximum lift point, the reset spring (4) releases its elastic potential energy, driving the swing arm (2) and the mowing blade (3) to reset to the initial working position, waiting for the next trigger; S6. Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to enable the weeder to perform an active avoidance swing before each rubber tree it encounters during its movement, thus completing efficient and damage-free inter-row weeding operations.

Images