Eye disease and nerve disease integrated diagnosis and treatment system based on visual signal perception

Abstract

The invention relates to an eye disease and nerve disease integrated diagnosis and treatment system based on visual signal perception, and belongs to the technical field of visual function detection and diagnosis and treatment assistance. The method comprises the following steps: dynamically generating a black and white checkerboard stimulation signal through a visual stimulation generation unit, and triggering an eye and a nervous system to generate an original evoked potential signal; the signal acquisition and transmission unit acquires and sends the signal through an electrode plate and a wireless transmission module; the signal processing and judging unit is used for carrying out superposition processing on the signals, extracting effective waveforms and automatically executing spatial frequency threshold search to determine a minimum checkerboard; and the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit generates a stimulation program based on the minimum checkerboard and dynamically generates a personalized diagnosis and treatment report. The full-process automation from stimulation generation, signal processing to scheme output is realized, the accuracy of threshold judgment and the personalization of the stimulation scheme are improved, and efficient and reliable technical support is provided for auxiliary diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of eye diseases and nerve diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of visual function detection and diagnosis and treatment assistance, and specifically relates to an integrated diagnosis and treatment system for eye diseases and neurological diseases based on visual signal perception. Background Art

[0002] In the visual function assessment of existing eye diseases and neurological diseases, traditional visual evoked potential testing has obvious limitations. The operation relies on manual adjustment of checkerboard stimulation parameters, and the waveform needs to be manually observed to judge the threshold. The process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Due to differences in judgment standards among operators, the results are inconsistent. The stimulation schemes are mostly fixed templates, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time visual sensitivity threshold of the subjects. They are not adaptable enough to patients with changes in vision, and the treatment is not targeted. The original signal is easily affected by noise, and traditional simple filtering has limited improvement on the signal-to-noise ratio. It is difficult to accurately extract the effective waveform, which affects the threshold judgment and disease assessment. In the data management and report generation links, the test data is stored in a scattered manner and needs to be manually sorted and analyzed, which is inefficient and error-prone. The report lacks visual charts, which is not convenient for quickly grasping the dynamics of the disease. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated diagnosis and treatment system for eye diseases and neurological diseases based on visual signal perception; The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The visual stimulation generating unit is used to generate a visual stimulation signal in the form of a black and white checkerboard, receive a preset range of checkerboard size parameters input by a user, and automatically adjust the spatial frequency of the checkerboard in a descending order; preset the number of checkerboard flips and the flipping frequency, and dynamically generate a checkerboard stimulation with a specific spatial frequency to trigger the eye and nervous system to generate a corresponding original evoked potential signal; The signal acquisition and transmission unit is provided with an electrode patch applied to the corresponding area of ​​the visual cortex of the head and a wireless transmission module connected to the electrode patch, so as to collect the original evoked potential signal generated by the brain due to receiving the checkerboard stimulation in real time, and the wireless transmission module transmits the collected original evoked potential signal to the signal processing and determination unit in a stable wireless manner; The signal processing and determination unit is configured to receive the original evoked potential signal sent by the signal acquisition and transmission unit, perform superposition processing on the original evoked potential signal, and extract a recognizable effective evoked potential waveform; automatically execute spatial frequency threshold search logic by detecting the effective evoked potential waveform in real time: upon detecting an effective waveform, trigger the visual stimulus generation unit to continue reducing the checkerboard size; upon detecting that the waveform disappears, automatically backtrack and determine that the previous checkerboard size is the minimum checkerboard size that can produce an effective waveform; The diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit is configured to display the minimum checkerboard size output by the signal processing and determination unit in real time in a preset area of a display interface, obtain the most sensitive stimulation parameter, and automatically generate a checkerboard flip stimulation program corresponding to the spatial frequency based on the minimum checkerboard size; and receive the minimum checkerboard size updated by the signal processing and determination unit during periodic retesting, automatically adjust the spatial frequency parameter of the stimulation program, and dynamically generate a personalized diagnosis and treatment report.

[0004] Specifically, the preset number of checkerboard flips of the visual stimulation generation unit is the number of times of acquiring the original evoked potential signal by the signal acquisition and transmission unit, and the flip frequency is set to a frequency that meets the response characteristics of the visual nervous system, so that the stimulation signal triggers the brain to generate recognizable original evoked potential signals.

[0005] Specifically, the wireless transmission module is used to realize cable-free transmission of the original evoked potential signal from the electrode patch to the signal processing and determination unit, so as to eliminate the restriction of cable connection on the head movement of the subject and reduce cable interference; and the wireless transmission module comprises: a low-noise preamplifier circuit, which is directly connected with the electrode patch, and is used to preliminarily amplify the weak original evoked potential signal and suppress environmental electromagnetic noise at the same time; an analog-to-digital conversion component, which is used to convert the amplified analog electrical signal into a digital signal and ensure that the signal is not distorted during transmission; a wireless communication chip, which adopts a medical-grade low-power Bluetooth or Zig Bee protocol, supports near-range stable data transmission, and meets the real-time requirement in the detection scene; a miniature battery and a power management unit, which provide continuous power supply for the module, support continuous detection, and have a low-power reminding function; and a shielding shell, which is packaged by using a conductive shielding material, further blocks external electromagnetic interference, and guarantees the integrity of signal transmission; through the cooperative work of the components, the wireless transmission module realizes wireless transmission of the signal while ensuring that the amplitude, waveform characteristics and other key information of the original evoked potential signal are completely retained, thereby providing a reliable digital signal source for subsequent signal processing.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the signal processing and determining unit comprises a signal receiving and preprocessing module, a synchronous superposition module, a feature extraction module, a threshold determining module, and a data storage and feedback module; the signal receiving and preprocessing module is configured to receive the digital signal sent by the wireless transmission module, perform baseline correction and power frequency filtering, and eliminate signal drift and power frequency interference; the synchronous superposition module is configured to match multiple groups of signals under the same stimulation based on a time stamp, complete signal superposition through a synchronous averaging algorithm, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio; the feature extraction module is configured to perform band-pass filtering on the superposed signal, identify feature points such as peak values and valley values through sliding window and derivative analysis, and generate a feature vector; the threshold determining module is configured to compare the feature vector with a standard template, output a threshold value reducing or determining instruction according to a waveform validity rule; and the data storage and feedback module is configured to store the parameters and corresponding waveform data of each stimulation in association, and feed back the determination result to the visual stimulation generation unit in real time through an internal interface.

[0007] Specifically, the specific calculation method of the superposition processing by the synchronous averaging method is as follows: Let N groups of original signals collected under the same chessboard grid stimulation be x1(t), x2(t),..., xN(t) (t is a time variable), and the superposed signal X(t) satisfies: N Among them, through the point-by-point cumulative average of the N groups of signals, the random noise (with a mean of 0) is weakened due to positive and negative cancellation, and the evoked potential signal (with a stable phase) synchronized with the stimulation is retained and enhanced.

[0008] Specifically, the specific calculation method of the filtering processing of the superposed signal is as follows: The transfer function H(f) (f is a frequency) satisfies: Among them, f1 is the low cutoff frequency, f2 is the high cutoff frequency (set according to the characteristics of visual evoked potential), and n is the filter order; the filtered signal X filter (t) is the inverse Fourier transform convolution result of the original superposed signal X(t) and H(f), which is used to retain the effective waveform components in the range of 5-30 Hz and filter out the power frequency interference (50 Hz) and low frequency drift.

[0009] Specifically, the specific calculation process of the waveform validity judgment is as follows: Calculate the peak amplitude A of the filtered signal X filter (t) max|X filter (t)|, and compare it with the noise baseline N (taking the standard deviation of the signal 50 ms before the stimulation), which satisfies (A>3N) (3 times noise principle); ​The correlation coefficient R of the signal and a standard visual evoked potential template T(t) is calculated: Wherein When R>0.7, it is determined as an effective waveform; only when the above conditions are met at the same time, the instruction of continuing to narrow the checkerboard is triggered, otherwise the invalid times are accumulated until the threshold is locked when invalid for 3 times in succession.

[0010] Specifically, the specific connection between the visual stimulus generation unit, the signal acquisition and transmission unit, the signal processing and determination unit, and the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit is that the visual stimulus generation unit generates an initial checkerboard stimulus and synchronously sends the stimulus parameters to the signal processing and determination unit; at the same time, the signal acquisition and transmission unit captures the original evoked potential signal of the brain in real time in response to the stimulus, and after processing, transmits it wirelessly to the signal processing and determination unit; the original signal is processed by time stamp matching signal and corresponding stimulus parameters, noise reduction, feature extraction, etc., and if an effective waveform is detected, an adjustment instruction is fed back to the visual stimulus generation unit, triggering the next round of stimulus generation and signal acquisition; if no effective waveform is detected, the minimum threshold is determined and sent to the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit; the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit generates a personalized stimulus program and a diagnosis and treatment report based on the threshold, and the above process is cyclically run during regular retesting, and the threshold updated by the signal processing and determination unit drives the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit to dynamically adjust the program and report.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) By setting the closed-loop linkage structure of the visual stimulus generation unit and the signal processing and determination unit, automatic iterative adjustment of the checkerboard stimulus parameters and intelligent locking of the threshold are realized: replacing the traditional manual operation mode, reducing the subjective error caused by human judgment differences; at the same time, the signal processing and determination unit uses the synchronous average method and feature extraction algorithm to effectively filter out the noise in the original signal, accurately identify the effective waveform, and make the threshold determination result more stable and reliable, providing accurate quantitative basis for disease assessment; (2) By setting the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit and the built-in program template library, personalized and dynamic adaptation of the stimulus scheme are realized: the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit automatically generates a matching stimulus program based on the minimum checkerboard threshold detected by the signal processing and determination unit; during regular retesting, it can receive updated threshold data and dynamically adjust the program parameters, ensuring that the stimulus scheme is always synchronized with the current visual function status of the subject; combined with historical data trend analysis, the pertinence of program adjustment is further improved, helping to improve treatment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 A system architecture diagram of an eye disease and neurological disease integrated diagnosis and treatment system based on visual signal perception according to the present application; Figure 2 A spatial frequency threshold search schematic diagram in the present application Figure 3 A superposition processing effective signal schematic diagram in the present application; Figure 4 A stimulation parameter control schematic diagram in the present application; Figure 5 A spatial frequency threshold search completion schematic diagram in the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the predetermined application purposes, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0015] Please refer to Figures 1-5 A system architecture diagram of an eye disease and neurological disease integrated diagnosis and treatment system based on visual signal perception according to the present application; The visual stimulation generation unit is configured to generate a black-and-white checkerboard pattern visual stimulation signal, receive a user input checkerboard size preset range parameter, automatically adjust the spatial frequency of the checkerboard in descending order, preset the number of checkerboard flips and the flip frequency, generate a checkerboard stimulation with a specific spatial frequency dynamically, and trigger the eye and nervous system to generate a corresponding original evoked potential signal. The signal acquisition and transmission unit is configured to set an electrode patch attached to the corresponding area of the visual cortex of the head, and a wireless transmission module connected to the electrode patch, acquire the original evoked potential signal generated by the brain due to receiving the checkerboard stimulation in real time, and stably send the acquired original evoked potential signal to the signal processing and determination unit in a wireless manner. The signal processing and determination unit is configured to receive the original evoked potential signal sent by the signal acquisition and transmission unit, perform superposition processing on the original evoked potential signal, and extract identifiable effective evoked potential waveform. The signal processing and determination unit is configured to perform spatial frequency threshold search logic automatically by detecting the effective evoked potential waveform in real time: when the effective waveform is detected, the visual stimulation generation unit is triggered to continue to reduce the size of the checkerboard; when the waveform disappears, the last level checkerboard size is automatically traced back and determined as the minimum checkerboard size that can generate an effective waveform. The diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit is configured to display the minimum checkerboard size output by the signal processing and determination unit in real time in a preset area of a display interface, obtain the most sensitive stimulation parameter, and automatically generate a checkerboard flip stimulation program corresponding to the spatial frequency based on the minimum checkerboard size; when periodic retesting is performed, the minimum checkerboard size updated by the signal processing and determination unit is received, the spatial frequency parameter of the stimulation program is automatically adjusted, and a personalized diagnosis and treatment report is dynamically generated.

[0016] Specifically, the preset number of checkerboard flips of the visual stimulation generation unit is the number of times of acquisition of the original evoked potential signal by the signal acquisition and transmission unit, and the flip frequency is set to a frequency that meets the response characteristics of the visual nervous system, so that the stimulation signal triggers the brain to generate recognizable original evoked potential signals.

[0017] In this embodiment, the DV-100 evoked potential visual diagnosis and treatment system is used as a hardware carrier of the eye disease and neural disease integrated diagnosis and treatment system based on visual signal perception, which has the functions of searching, detecting and analyzing the evoked potential (VEP) of the human eye under different spatial frequency pattern stimulation Specifically, the wireless transmission module is used to realize cable-free transmission of the original evoked potential signal from the electrode sheet to the signal processing and determination unit, so as to eliminate the restriction of cable connection on the head movement of the subject and reduce cable interference; it is composed of: a low-noise preamplification circuit: directly connected with the electrode sheet, which preliminarily amplifies the weak original evoked potential signal and simultaneously suppresses environmental electromagnetic noise; an analog-to-digital conversion component: converts the amplified analog electrical signal into a digital signal to ensure that the signal is not distorted during transmission; a wireless communication chip: using a medical-grade low-power Bluetooth or Zig Bee protocol, supporting near-range stable data transmission and meeting the real-time requirements in the detection scene; a miniature battery and a power management unit: providing continuous power supply for the module, supporting continuous detection, and having a low-power reminder function; a shielding shell: packaged with conductive shielding material, further blocking external electromagnetic interference and ensuring the integrity of signal transmission; through the cooperative work of the components, the wireless transmission module realizes wireless signal transmission while ensuring that the amplitude, waveform characteristics and other key information of the original evoked potential signal are completely retained, providing a reliable digital signal source for subsequent signal processing.

[0018] In this embodiment, the black and white checkerboard stimulation signal generated by the visual stimulation generation unit has a dynamic adjustment range of spatial frequency that matches the spatial frequency stimulation tutorial in the VEP self-regulation disc, and by presetting different flip frequencies (such as 0.25 Hz, 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz, etc.), the eye and nervous system generate corresponding original evoked potential signals, and the stimulation mode is designed in the form of an interesting game combined with the psychological characteristics of children, thereby improving the cooperation degree of the children.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the signal processing and determining unit comprises a signal receiving and preprocessing module, a synchronous superposition module, a feature extraction module, a threshold determining module, and a data storage and feedback module; the signal receiving and preprocessing module is configured to receive the digital signal sent by the wireless transmission module, perform baseline correction and power frequency filtering, and eliminate signal drift and power frequency interference; the synchronous superposition module is configured to match multiple groups of signals under the same stimulation based on a time stamp, complete signal superposition through a synchronous averaging algorithm, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio; the feature extraction module is configured to perform band-pass filtering on the superposed signal, identify feature points such as peak values and valley values through sliding window and derivative analysis, and generate a feature vector; the threshold determining module is configured to compare the feature vector with a standard template, output a threshold value reducing or determining instruction according to a waveform validity rule; and the data storage and feedback module is configured to store the parameters and corresponding waveform data of each stimulation in association, and feed back the determination result to the visual stimulation generation unit in real time through an internal interface.

[0020] Specifically, the specific calculation method of the superposition processing by the synchronous averaging method is as follows: Let N groups of original signals collected under the same chessboard grid stimulation be x1(t), x2(t),..., xN(t) (t is a time variable), and the superposed signal X(t) satisfy: N Among them, through the point-by-point cumulative average of N groups of signals, the random noise (with a mean of 0) is weakened due to positive and negative cancellation, and the evoked potential signal (with a stable phase) synchronized with the stimulation is retained and enhanced.

[0021] Specifically, the specific calculation method of the filtering processing of the superposed signal is as follows: The transfer function H(f) (f is frequency) satisfies: Among them, f1 is the low cutoff frequency, f2 is the high cutoff frequency (set according to the characteristics of visual evoked potential), and n is the filter order; the filtered signal X filter (t) is the inverse Fourier transform convolution result of the original superposed signal X(t) and H(f), which is used to retain the effective waveform components in the range of 5-30 Hz and filter out the power frequency interference (50 Hz) and low frequency drift.

[0022] Specifically, the specific calculation process of the waveform validity judgment is as follows: Calculate the peak amplitude A of the filtered signal X filter (t) max|X filter (t)|, and compare it with the noise baseline N (taking the standard deviation of the signal 50 ms before the stimulation), which satisfies (A>3N) (3 times noise principle); ​The correlation coefficient R of the signal and a standard visual evoked potential template T(t) is calculated: Wherein The mean values of the signal and the template are respectively, and when R>0.7, it is determined that the waveform is effective; only when the above conditions are met at the same time, the instruction of continuing to reduce the checkerboard is triggered, otherwise the number of invalid times is accumulated, and when invalid times are continuous for 3 times, the threshold is locked.

[0023] In the embodiment, the wireless transmission module of the signal acquisition and transmission unit adopts infrared wireless transmission-reception technology, avoiding the direct connection of the host with the child's body through shielding cable, and at least two electrode pieces are attached to the corresponding area of the visual cortex of the head, which can effectively collect microvolt-level original evoked potential signals, and the special filtering technology used by the amplifier can reduce the environmental and human body electromyographic interference, and is suitable for low cooperation degree examinees such as infants.

[0024] In the embodiment, the number of superposition processing times of the original evoked potential signal of the signal processing and determination unit can be adjusted according to the actual situation (such as 3 times, 8 times, 50 times, etc.), the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by synchronous averaging method, and the extracted effective evoked potential signal characteristics (such as amplitude, latency) will be compared with the VEP characteristic database of the normal people of the same age group, which provides basis for the auxiliary diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of amblyopia and other eye diseases.

[0025] Specifically, the specific connection between the visual stimulus generation unit, the signal acquisition and transmission unit, the signal processing and determination unit, and the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit is that the visual stimulus generation unit generates an initial checkerboard stimulus and synchronously sends the stimulus parameters to the signal processing and determination unit; at the same time, the signal acquisition and transmission unit captures the original evoked potential signal of the brain in real time in response to the stimulus, and transmits the processed signal wirelessly to the signal processing and determination unit; the original signal is processed by time stamp matching signal and corresponding stimulus parameters, noise reduction, feature extraction, etc., and if effective waveform is detected, adjustment instruction is fed back to the visual stimulus generation unit, triggering the next round of stimulus generation and signal acquisition; if effective waveform is not detected, the minimum threshold is determined and sent to the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit; the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit generates a personalized stimulus program and a diagnosis and treatment report based on the threshold, and the above process is cyclically run during regular retesting, and the updated threshold of the signal processing and determination unit drives the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit to dynamically adjust the program and report.

[0026] In the embodiment, the diagnosis and treatment scheme output unit generates a personalized stimulus program in the form of VEP autonomous optical disc based on the minimum checkerboard size determined by the signal processing and determination unit, and the optical disc is customized according to the VEP detection results of the child, so that the child can use it in the hospital or at home, and the spatial frequency parameters in the optical disc will be adjusted according to the updated threshold data during regular retesting.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated diagnosis and treatment system for eye and neurological diseases based on visual signal perception, characterized in that: include: Visual stimulation generation unit, signal acquisition and transmission unit, signal processing and judgment unit, diagnosis and treatment plan output unit; The visual stimulation generating unit is used to generate a visual stimulation signal in the form of a black and white checkerboard, receive a preset range of checkerboard size parameters input by a user, and automatically adjust the spatial frequency of the checkerboard in a descending order; preset the number of checkerboard flips and the flipping frequency, and dynamically generate a checkerboard stimulation with a specific spatial frequency to trigger the eye and nervous system to generate a corresponding original evoked potential signal; The signal acquisition and transmission unit is provided with an electrode patch applied to the corresponding area of ​​the visual cortex of the head and a wireless transmission module connected to the electrode patch, so as to collect the original evoked potential signal generated by the brain due to receiving the checkerboard stimulation in real time, and the wireless transmission module transmits the collected original evoked potential signal to the signal processing and determination unit in a stable wireless manner; The signal processing and determination unit is configured to receive the original evoked potential signal sent by the signal acquisition and transmission unit, perform superposition processing on the original evoked potential signal, and extract a recognizable effective evoked potential waveform; automatically execute spatial frequency threshold search logic by detecting the effective evoked potential waveform in real time: upon detecting an effective waveform, trigger the visual stimulus generation unit to continue reducing the checkerboard size; upon detecting that the waveform disappears, automatically backtrack and determine that the previous checkerboard size is the minimum checkerboard size that can produce an effective waveform; The diagnosis and treatment plan output unit is used to display the minimum checkerboard size output by the signal processing and judgment unit in real time in a preset area of ​​the display interface, obtain the most sensitive stimulation parameters, and automatically generate a checkerboard flipping stimulation program corresponding to the spatial frequency based on the minimum checkerboard size; receive the minimum checkerboard size updated by the signal processing and judgment unit during regular retesting, automatically adjust the spatial frequency parameters of the stimulation program, and dynamically generate a personalized diagnosis and treatment report.

2. The visual stimulation generating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The processing method for dynamically generating a checkerboard stimulus with a specific spatial frequency is as follows: based on a preset range parameter input by a user, an initial checkerboard pixel matrix is ​​generated, including a row and column distribution of black and white squares; during each adjustment, the row and column sizes of the pixel matrix are proportionally reduced to maintain the alternating arrangement rule of the black and white squares unchanged; the spatial frequency is controlled by changing the physical size of the checkerboard; and the spatial frequency parameters of the current checkerboard are synchronized to a signal processing and determination unit to form an association record of the stimulus parameters and the signal response.

3. The method of dynamically generating a checkerboard stimulus having a specific spatial frequency according to claim 1, wherein: The dynamic generation process is as follows: the visual stimulation generation unit starts the adjustment mechanism according to the effective waveform detection result fed back by the signal processing and judgment unit: when a valid waveform is detected, the pixel size of the checkerboard is automatically reduced according to the preset adjustment rules, by reducing the number of row and column pixels of the black and white grids, and keeping the alternating arrangement ratio of the black and white grids unchanged during the reduction process, thereby improving the spatial frequency of the checkerboard; at the same time, after each adjustment, the visual stimulation generation unit records the spatial frequency value of the current checkerboard and the corresponding display timestamp, and synchronizes them to the signal processing and judgment unit to perform timing matching with the collected evoked potential signal; if during the adjustment process, the waveform fed back by the signal processing and judgment unit is unclear or unstable, the visual stimulation generation unit will pause the current size reduction process, maintain the current checkerboard stimulation for a period of time, and after receiving stable effective waveform feedback, continue to adjust the spatial frequency according to the above rules until the search of the entire preset range is completed or a threshold judgment instruction is received.

4. The method for extracting an identifiable effective evoked potential signal according to claim 1, wherein: The extraction process is as follows: bandpass filtering the superimposed signal to filter high-frequency noise and low-frequency drift that are unrelated to the effective evoked potential signal; baseline correction is performed on the filtered effective evoked potential waveform, with the stimulus presentation moment as the time origin, the signal mean before the stimulus as the baseline, and the entire waveform is shifted to zero to return the baseline; the window length is set to the typical duration of the effective evoked potential characteristic wave, the first-order derivative of the signal is obtained within the window, and when the derivative changes from positive to negative and the absolute value exceeds a preset threshold, it is marked as a potential peak point; when the derivative changes from negative to positive and the absolute value exceeds the preset threshold, it is marked as a potential valley point; the amplitude difference between the peak point and the previous valley point is obtained to screen out effective feature points; the time coordinate corresponding to each feature point is recorded and compared with the visual evoked potential feature database of normal people of the same age group, and feature points that meet the typical latency range are retained; the filtered peak value, valley value and their corresponding latency information are integrated into a feature vector; when the matching degree of the feature point exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined to be an effective evoked potential waveform, otherwise it is marked as an invalid signal.

5. The signal processing and determination unit according to claim 1, wherein: The superposition processing process is as follows: a unique timestamp is assigned to each checkerboard stimulus of each spatial frequency; when the signal processing and determination unit receives the original evoked potential signal, the original evoked potential signal is associated and matched with the corresponding checkerboard stimulus through the unique timestamp, and the original signal collected under the same stimulus is screened out; a point-by-point accumulation operation is performed on the matched signals, that is, the amplitude of each signal at the same time point is summed, and the accumulated result is then divided by the number of signal groups to obtain an average signal.

6. The signal processing and determination unit according to claim 1, wherein: The process of real-time detection of effective evoked potential waveforms and automatic execution of spatial frequency threshold search logic is as follows: after the signal processing and determination unit completes the superposition and waveform extraction of each set of signals, it starts a real-time analysis thread and continuously monitors the characteristic parameters of the effective waveform to determine whether the current stimulus can induce a recognizable visual response; the threshold is searched by a threshold search state machine, and when a valid waveform is detected, the state machine outputs a continue search instruction, which triggers the visual stimulus generation unit to execute the generation logic of the next smaller checkerboard through the internal communication interface; When no valid waveform is detected continuously, the state machine outputs a termination search instruction, calls the history record module to retrieve the checkerboard parameters corresponding to the historical valid waveform, and locks it to the minimum checkerboard.

7. The signal processing and determination unit according to claim 1, wherein: The minimum chessboard size is the critical size at which the subject's visual system can just produce an effective evoked potential waveform. This size is located through a gradually narrowing search logic as a core indicator reflecting the subject's visual sensitivity for use in visual function assessment results; the chessboard size and corresponding waveform data after each adjustment are automatically associated and stored.

8. The diagnosis and treatment plan output unit according to claim 1 automatically generates a stimulation program and dynamically adjusts it based on the minimum checkerboard size as follows: automatically calling the template through the program template library and filling in the parameters, including spatial frequency, flipping frequency, and duration. After obtaining the minimum checkerboard parameters, the diagnosis and treatment plan output unit generates a stimulation program; during regular retests, the new parameters are written into the stimulation program to match the spatial frequency of the program with the current visual sensitivity threshold of the subject; the new threshold and the historical threshold are calculated by the parameter comparison module. If the difference exceeds the preset fluctuation range, the program update interface is triggered to replace the corresponding field in the old program with the new parameters; at the same time, the report generation module generates a visual chart, including a threshold change curve and a waveform comparison chart, fills in the evaluation conclusion, and finally obtains the personalized diagnosis and treatment report.

9. The diagnosis and treatment plan output unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The program template library contains multiple sets of preset checkerboard flip stimulation program templates, each set of templates corresponds to a standardized parameter combination with a different spatial frequency range, flip frequency and duration; the parameter combination of the program template library is formed based on visual neuroscience research data and clinical practice summary, covering the basic visual response characteristics of subjects of different age groups, including children, adults, and the elderly, as well as the typical stimulation requirements of different types of visual function abnormalities such as myopia, amblyopia, and optic neuropathy.

10. The diagnosis and treatment plan output unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The report generation module is used to integrate the subject's historical diagnosis and treatment data with the current test results, and to retrieve previous threshold data, waveform characteristics and stimulation parameters through the database interface; with the help of standardized data conversion rules, the scattered original data are unified into comparable quantitative indicators; the visualization component is used to generate threshold change curves and waveform comparison charts, and the abstract numerical changes are converted into intuitive graphical trends; combined with the preset disease assessment standards, the data changes are associated with clinical diagnosis and treatment goals, and the assessment conclusions that match the condition are automatically generated.

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