An underwater rock wall drilling anchor and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of anchoring technology, specifically to an underwater rock wall drilling anchor and its construction method. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor includes a drill bit, a hollow drill rod, a rotating device, a high-pressure air tank, a grouting pipe, a grout pressure vessel, a grout bag, and a frame. The rotating device is connected to the frame and has an output shaft that drives the hollow drill rod to rotate. The drill bit has a first axial through hole and at least two second axial through holes inside. The hollow drill rod has grouting holes corresponding to the second axial through holes inside its side wall. The front end of the grouting hole communicates with the corresponding second axial through hole, and the tail end is connected to a gas-liquid injection device through a grouting pipe. This invention also provides a construction method for using the underwater rock wall drilling anchor as described above. This invention uses high-pressure air as power to drive the drill bit and grouting, avoiding the watertightness problems caused by using batteries. This invention provides an underwater construction scheme for mooring marine structures on cliffs, which is convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to anchoring technology, and more particularly to anchoring technology for marine engineering equipment, specifically an underwater rock wall drilling anchor and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] There are many types of marine anchors, but whether they are rod-mounted or rodless, and even the current high-performance marine anchors, they are all designed for soft or relatively flat seabeds and cannot be used on hard rock walls. Currently, there is a lack of anchors, both domestically and internationally, that can be installed on underwater rock walls for mooring underwater facilities and equipment. A search of domestic and international literature has revealed some land-based cliff anchor technologies and equipment. For example, Chinese patent (CN203905977U) describes a small-diameter inverted wedge anchor bolt, which consists of a wedge, a washer, and a rod. The rod is inserted into the anchor hole, and a washer is fitted onto its exposed end to ensure it fits tightly against the rock face. A wedge is then used to invert the rod end along an axial groove, causing the end to expand into an inverted wedge head, which tightens the washer, forcing the entire anchor bolt to bear the force and anchoring it to the rock wall. However, because land-based equipment in the marine environment faces not only waterproofing issues but is also affected by water currents, waves, water pressure, and seawater salinity, these land-based anchors and their construction methods cannot be directly used in the marine environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems raised in the background art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an underwater rock wall drilling anchor, which has a safe power source and a pneumatic rotary propulsion device, and the anchor rod is designed to be used as a drill rod, which can safely and quickly realize drilling and anchoring of underwater rock walls, providing a safer and more efficient technical means for mooring marine structures on underwater cliffs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention first proposes an underwater rock wall drilling anchor, comprising a drill bit, a hollow drill rod, a gas-liquid injection device, a gas-driven rotary propulsion device, a high-pressure gas tank, a grouting pipe, a grout pressure vessel, a grout bag, and a frame. The drill bit is fixedly connected to the front end of the hollow drill rod, and the rear end of the hollow drill rod is rotatably connected to the frame. The drill bit has a first axial central through hole and an axial through hole inside. The side wall of the hollow drill rod has a grouting hole connected to the axial through hole, and the grouting hole is connected to the front end of the grouting pipe.

[0006] The gas-liquid injection device includes a housing, a sealing assembly, and a rotary assembly. The housing is connected to a frame, and the rotary assembly is rotatably and sealed to the housing through the sealing assembly to form a sealed chamber. The sealed chamber is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet.

[0007] The air-driven rotary propulsion device is connected to the frame. The air-driven rotary propulsion device has an output shaft with a second axial central through hole. The output shaft is connected to the rear end of the hollow drill rod through a transmission assembly. The output shaft drives the hollow drill rod to rotate and provides drilling pressure.

[0008] The rear end of the grouting pipe passes through the second axial central through hole of the output shaft and is fixedly connected to the rotary assembly, and the rotary assembly connects to the sealed chamber.

[0009] The slurry bag is placed inside the slurry pressure vessel, and the slurry bag is connected to the second inlet of the sealed chamber through a slurry supply pipe;

[0010] The high-pressure gas tank is connected to the first inlet of the sealed chamber, the slurry pressure vessel, and the air-driven rotary propulsion device.

[0011] The high-pressure gas tank is connected to a nozzle controlled by a first solenoid valve, a gas supply pipe controlled by a second solenoid valve, and a high-pressure gas pipe controlled by a third solenoid valve. The high-pressure gas tank is connected to a slurry pressure vessel through the gas supply pipe. The slurry pressure vessel is placed inside the frame, and the slurry supply pipe is equipped with a one-way valve. The high-pressure gas tank is connected to the first inlet of the sealed chamber through the high-pressure gas pipe. The high-pressure gas tank is connected to a pneumatic rotary propulsion device through the nozzle, providing power airflow to the pneumatic rotary propulsion device.

[0012] The pneumatic rotary propulsion device is a cup wheel, which includes a housing, a central frame, an output shaft, and multiple cup-shaped blades. The housing is connected to a frame, and the output shaft passes through the middle of the housing and is rotatably connected to the housing. The central frame is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft, and the multiple cup-shaped blades are distributed on the central frame, with the centers of the openings of the multiple cup-shaped blades located on a central circle. The housing has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is connected to a high-pressure gas tank through a jet pipe. The inlet pipe is parallel to the tangent of the central circle where the centers of the openings of the multiple cup-shaped blades are located, and the outlet pipe is parallel to the inlet pipe.

[0013] The frame is a cage-like structure with a first through hole in the middle of one side wall. A first bearing is installed in the first through hole. The outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected to the first through hole, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the hollow drill rod.

[0014] The transmission assembly includes a drive gear and a connecting gear. The drive gear is an internal gear, and the connecting gear is an external gear. The drive gear is connected to the output shaft end of the pneumatic rotary propulsion device, and the connecting gear is connected to the rear end of the hollow drill rod. The connecting gear is inserted into the drive gear and meshes with it.

[0015] The drill bit is a hollow cylindrical structure with multiple radial grooves on its front end face and an opening groove in the middle of the front end face that penetrates the outer circumference of the drill bit. The drill bit has at least two axial through holes, which are distributed outside the first axial central through hole and are both located in the opening groove. The number of grouting holes in the grouting pipe and the hollow drill rod sidewall is the same as the number of axial through holes in the drill bit. Each grouting hole is connected to an axial through hole at its front end and to a grouting pipe at its rear end.

[0016] The housing has a cylindrical inner cavity with an opening at one end, and an annular boss inside the cylindrical inner cavity; the rotating assembly includes a base plate and a limiting ring, the base plate covers the opening of the housing and is located on one side of the annular boss, the base plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing through a second bearing, the limiting ring is connected to the base plate and is located on the other side of the annular boss, and the limiting ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing through a third bearing; the sealing assembly includes a first sealing element and a second sealing element, the first sealing element is disposed between the base plate and the inner wall of the housing, and the second sealing element is disposed between the limiting ring and the inner wall of the housing.

[0017] Both the first and second seals are labyrinth seals.

[0018] The frame is equipped with a fixing plate inside, which is connected to the frame. The fixing plate has a second through hole, and the shell is connected to the second through hole of the fixing plate. The air-driven rotary propulsion device, slurry pressure vessel and high-pressure gas tank are all fixed inside the frame. The frame is also connected to a composite cable and a counterweight. The hollow drill rod is also connected to an anchor ring.

[0019] The present invention also provides a construction method using underwater rock wall drilling anchors as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. With the help of an underwater robot, the drill bit is pressed tightly against the rock wall, and the hollow drill rod is kept facing upwards at an angle of not less than 30° with the horizontal plane;

[0021] S2. The integrated cable transmits the drilling command, opens the nozzle and high-pressure air pipe of the high-pressure air tank, and the high-pressure air is ejected through the nozzle into the rotary cup wheel. The output shaft of the rotary cup wheel drives the hollow drill rod and drill bit to rotate. When the drill bit cuts the rock wall, the high-pressure air pipe delivers high-pressure air to the hollow drill rod through the gas-liquid injection device, blowing the cuttings outward.

[0022] S3. After drilling is completed, close the nozzle and high-pressure air pipe of the high-pressure air tank, open the air supply pipe, and the high-pressure air in the high-pressure air tank enters the slurry pressure vessel and squeezes the slurry bag. The slurry in the slurry bag is injected into the borehole through the gas-liquid injection device and grouting pipe, which consolidates the drill bit, hollow drill rod and rock wall into a whole, forming a consolidated pile anchor hanging on the rock wall.

[0023] S4. Use cables to connect the anchor rings, and after the cables are tightened, the underwater rock wall drilling anchors are installed.

[0024] This invention offers the following advantages: It uses high-pressure air to power the drill bit and grouting process, avoiding the watertightness issues associated with batteries. The high-pressure air power also allows for timely removal of cuttings from the borehole, reducing drilling resistance and improving the bonding strength between the drill rod and the cliff face. Furthermore, the invention replaces anchor rods with hollow drill rods, creating a circular borehole with a significantly increased surface area compared to a single borehole, thus significantly increasing the anchoring force provided to the anchor rod. The borehole anchor provided by this invention allows for the rapid, safe, and stable fixing of subsea engineering structures to underwater rock walls. This invention offers an underwater construction solution for mooring marine structures on cliff faces, characterized by convenient construction and high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cup wheel.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a front view of the hollow drill rod and drill bit.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view of the gas-liquid injection device.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Drill bit, 2-Hollow drill rod, 3-Grouting pipe, 4-Gas-liquid injection device, 5-High-pressure air pipe, 6-Grouting supply pipe, 7-Nozzle, 8-High-pressure air tank, 10-Gas delivery pipe, 13-Grouting pressure vessel, 14-Grouting bag, 15-One-way valve, 16-Counterweight, 17-Frame, 18-First bearing, 19-Anchor ring, 20-Hybrid cable, 21-Fixing plate; 91-Outer shell, 92-Center frame, 93-Transmission... Output shaft, 94-cup-shaped blade, 95-inlet pipe, 96-outlet pipe, 98-connecting gear, 97-pushing gear; 101-opening groove, 201-grouting hole, 401-housing, 402-sealing assembly, 403-rotating assembly, 404-sealing chamber, 405-connecting flange, 411-annular boss, 421-first seal, 422-second seal, 431-base plate, 432-limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-4As shown, the present invention first provides an underwater rock wall drilling anchor, including a drill bit 1, a hollow drill rod 2, a pneumatic rotary propulsion device, a high-pressure air tank 8, a grouting pipe 3, a grout pressure vessel 13, a grout bag 14 and a frame 17. The hollow drill rod 2 is rotatably connected to the frame 17, and the drill bit 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the hollow drill rod 2. The drill bit 1 has a first axial central through hole and at least two axial through holes inside, and the at least two axial through holes are distributed outside the first axial central through hole.

[0032] The hollow drill rod 2 has a grouting hole 201 corresponding to the axial through hole inside its side wall. The front end of the grouting hole 201 is connected to the corresponding axial through hole, and the tail end is connected to a gas-liquid injection device 4 through a grouting pipe 3. The gas-liquid injection device 4 includes a housing 401, a sealing component 402, and a rotating component 403. The housing 401 is connected to a frame 17. One end of the rotating component 403 is connected to the grouting pipe 3, and the other end is connected to the housing 401, forming a sealed chamber 404 with the housing 401. The rotating component 403 forms a rotary seal with the housing 401 through the sealing component 402. The sealed chamber 404 has a first inlet and a second inlet. The first inlet is connected to a high-pressure gas tank 8, and the second inlet is connected to a grout supply pipe 6. The grout supply pipe 6 is equipped with a one-way valve 15. The grouting pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating component 403 and is connected to the sealed chamber 404 through the rotating component 403.

[0033] The air-driven rotary propulsion device is connected to the frame 17. The air-driven rotary propulsion device has an output shaft 93. The output shaft 93 has a second axial central through hole. The grouting pipe 3 passes through the second axial central through hole of the output shaft 93 and is connected to the gas-liquid injection device 4. The output shaft 93 is connected to the hollow drill rod 2 through a transmission assembly. The output shaft 93 drives the hollow drill rod 2 to rotate and provides drilling pressure.

[0034] The slurry pressure vessel 13 is placed inside the frame 17, the slurry bag 14 is placed inside the slurry pressure vessel 13, and the slurry bag 14 is connected to the second inlet of the sealed chamber 404 through the slurry supply pipe 6.

[0035] The high-pressure gas tank 8 is connected to a nozzle 7 controlled by a first solenoid valve, a gas delivery pipe 10 controlled by a second solenoid valve, and a high-pressure gas pipe 5 controlled by a third solenoid valve. The high-pressure gas tank 8 is connected to the slurry pressure vessel 13 through the gas delivery pipe 10. The high-pressure gas tank 8 is connected to the first inlet of the sealed chamber 404 through the high-pressure gas pipe 5. The high-pressure gas tank 8 is connected to the air-driven rotary propulsion device through the nozzle 7, providing power airflow to the air-driven rotary propulsion device.

[0036] During drilling, the air supply pipe 10 is closed, and the nozzle 7 sprays high-pressure airflow to drive the air-driven rotary propulsion device to rotate. The high-pressure air supply pipe 5 outputs high-pressure airflow through the gas-liquid injection device 4 into the grouting pipe 3 and the axial through hole, blowing out the debris generated by the drill bit 1 during drilling. When drilling is completed, the nozzle 7 and the high-pressure air supply pipe 5 are closed, and high-pressure air is input from the air supply pipe 10 to the slurry pressure vessel 13. The high-pressure air squeezes the slurry bag 14, and the slurry bag 14 injects the slurry into the gas-liquid injection device 4 and the grouting pipe 3 through the slurry supply pipe 6. The slurry enters the borehole through the axial through hole in the drill bit 1 for grouting, so that the drill bit 1, the hollow drill rod 2 and the borehole are fixed together.

[0037] The pneumatic rotary propulsion device is a cup wheel, which includes a housing 91, a central frame 92, an output shaft 93, and multiple cup-shaped blades 94. The housing 91 is fixedly connected to a frame 17 (specifically, the connection between the housing 91 and the frame 17 is prior art and therefore not shown in the figure; for example, the connection between the housing 91 and the frame 17 is a fixed rod connection). The output shaft 93 passes through the middle of the housing 91 and is rotatably connected to the housing 91. The central frame 92 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft 93. Multiple cup-shaped blades 94 are distributed on the central frame 92, and the centers of the openings of the multiple cup-shaped blades 94 are located on a central circle. The housing 91 has an air inlet pipe 95 and an air outlet pipe 96. The air inlet pipe 95 is connected to the nozzle 7 of the high-pressure gas tank 8 through a jet pipe. The air inlet pipe 95 is parallel to the tangent of the central circle where the centers of the openings of the multiple cup-shaped blades 94 are located, and the air outlet pipe 96 is parallel to the air inlet pipe 95.

[0038] The frame 17 is a cage-like structure with a first through hole in the middle of one side wall. A first bearing 18 is installed in the first through hole. The outer ring of the first bearing 18 is fixedly connected to the first through hole, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the hollow drill rod 2.

[0039] The transmission assembly includes a drive gear 97 and a connecting gear 98. The drive gear 97 is connected to the output shaft 93 of the pneumatic rotary propulsion device, and the connecting gear 98 is connected to the hollow drill rod 2. The drive gear 97 and the connecting gear 98 mesh. The drive gear 97 is an internal gear, and the connecting gear 98 is an external gear. The drive gear 97 is connected to the end of the output shaft 93 of the pneumatic rotary propulsion device, and the connecting gear 98 is connected to the end of the hollow drill rod 2. The connecting gear 98 is inserted into the drive gear 97 and meshes with it.

[0040] The drill bit 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure with multiple radial grooves on its front end face and an opening groove 101 that penetrates the outer circumference of the drill bit in the middle of the front end face; the axial through hole is opened in the opening groove 101.

[0041] The housing 401 has a cylindrical inner cavity with an opening at one end, and an annular boss 411 inside the cylindrical inner cavity; the rotating assembly 403 includes a base plate 431 and a limiting ring 432. The base plate 431 covers the opening of the housing 401 and is located on one side of the annular boss 411. The base plate 431 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 401 through a second bearing. The limiting ring 432 is connected to the base plate 431 and is located on the other side of the annular boss 411. The limiting ring 432 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 401 through a third bearing; the sealing assembly 402 includes a first sealing element 421 and a second sealing element 422. The first sealing element 421 is disposed between the base plate 431 and the inner wall of the housing 401, and the second sealing element 422 is disposed between the limiting ring 432 and the inner wall of the housing 401.

[0042] Both the first seal 421 and the second seal 422 are labyrinth seals.

[0043] The frame 17 has a fixing plate 21 inside, which is connected to the frame 17. The fixing plate 21 has a second through hole, and the shell 401 is connected to the second through hole of the fixing plate 21. The air-driven rotary propulsion device, the slurry pressure vessel 13 and the high-pressure gas tank 8 are all fixed inside the frame 17. The frame 17 is also connected to the composite cable 20 and the counterweight block 16. The hollow drill rod 2 is also connected to the anchor ring 19.

[0044] This invention also discloses a construction method using underwater rock wall drilling anchors as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. With the help of an underwater robot, drill bit 1 is pressed against the rock wall, and hollow drill rod 2 is held upward at an angle of not less than 30° with the horizontal plane;

[0046] S2. The integrated cable 20 transmits the drilling command, opens the nozzle 7 and high-pressure air pipe 5 of the high-pressure air tank 8, and the high-pressure air is ejected through the nozzle 7 into the rotary cup wheel. The output shaft 93 of the rotary cup wheel drives the hollow drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1 to rotate. When the drill bit 1 cuts the rock wall, the high-pressure air pipe 5 delivers high-pressure air to the hollow drill rod 2 through the gas-liquid injection device 4, blowing the cutting chips outward.

[0047] S3. After drilling is completed, close the nozzle 7 and high-pressure air pipe 5 of the high-pressure air tank 8, open the air supply pipe 10, and the high-pressure air in the high-pressure air tank 8 enters the slurry pressure vessel 13 and squeezes the slurry bag 14. The slurry in the slurry bag 14 is injected into the borehole through the gas-liquid injection device 4 and the grouting pipe 3, which consolidates the drill bit 1, the hollow drill rod 2 and the rock wall into a whole, forming a consolidated pile anchor hanging on the rock wall.

[0048] S4. Connect the anchor ring 19 with a cable, and after tightening the cable, complete the installation of the underwater rock wall drilling anchor. Example 1:

[0049] The structure of Example 1 will not be described again. The materials and dimensions of its various components are disclosed below:

[0050] Drill bit 1 is a hollow cylinder made of high-strength titanium alloy steel, with 64 radial grooves and an opening slot 101 at the top. The notch height is 1 / 5 to 1 / 20 of the outer diameter of drill bit 1, the groove depth is 0.5 to 3 mm, the groove width is 0.5 to 3 mm, and the height of drill bit 1 is 1 to 2 times the outer diameter of drill bit 1. The inner diameter of the first axial central through hole of drill bit 1 is 3 / 5 to 19 / 20 of the outer diameter of drill bit 1, and its function is to drill a cylindrical groove on the rock wall with a wall thickness of 1 / 5 to 1 / 40 of the outer diameter of drill bit 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, drill bit 1 has an outer diameter of 13 cm, an inner diameter of 10 cm, an opening slot 101 depth of 5 mm, a groove depth of 0.5 mm, a groove width of 0.5 mm, and a height of 20 mm.

[0051] The hollow drill rod 2 is made of 316 stainless steel. Two grouting holes 201 with an inner diameter of 5mm are symmetrically arranged inside the ring wall of the hollow drill rod 2.

[0052] The connecting gear 98 is a small gear made of 304 stainless steel, with a diameter of 13cm, a tooth depth of 0.5mm, and a tooth width of 0.5mm.

[0053] The drive gear 97 is a large gear made of 304 stainless steel, with a diameter of 40cm, a tooth depth of 0.5mm, and a tooth width of 0.5mm.

[0054] The rotating wheel is a large turntable made of 304 stainless steel with 32 cup-shaped blades 34. The diameter of the cup-shaped blades 94 is 0.05m and the depth is 0.04m.

[0055] Nozzle 7 is an orifice made of 304 stainless steel with an orifice diameter of 3mm.

[0056] High-pressure gas tank 8 is an ultra-high-pressure vessel made of 304 stainless steel, with a maximum pressure resistance of 100 MPa. High-pressure gas tank 8 stores high-pressure liquid nitrogen; high-pressure liquid nitrogen 9 is high-pressure nitrogen filled by high-pressure equipment, with a pressure resistance of 90 MPa and a volume of 90 liters.

[0057] Gas pipe 10 is a pipe made of 304 stainless steel with a diameter of 10mm.

[0058] The first, second, and third solenoid valves are all pressure-resistant and waterproof solenoid valves with a pipe diameter of 10mm and a pressure resistance of 30MPa.

[0059] Grouting pipe 3 is a pipe made of 304 stainless steel with a diameter of 10mm.

[0060] The slurry pressure vessel 13 is a pressure vessel made of 304 stainless steel, with a volume of 7 liters and a pressure resistance of 30 MPa.

[0061] The slurry bag 14 is a film bag made of PU material with a volume of 6 liters.

[0062] The one-way valve 15 is a control valve made of 304 stainless steel that allows fluid to flow in one direction. It has a pipe diameter of 10 mm and a pressure resistance of 30 MPa.

[0063] The counterweight 16 is made of a polymer material with a density of 0.15 times that of water.

[0064] Frame 17 is a component made of 304 stainless steel.

[0065] The first bearing 18 is a rotating component with balls made of 304 stainless steel, with an outer diameter of 130 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.

[0066] Anchor ring 19 is a ring-shaped component made of 316 stainless steel with a wire diameter of 30mm.

[0067] Composite Cable 20 is a composite cable consisting of a high-strength cable made of acrylic fiber and a waterproof 9-core communication cable.

[0068] The slurry used in this invention is a uniform mixture of high-strength anti-dispersion cement, 2mm long acrylic fiber filaments, and water in a weight ratio of 100:1:20.

[0069] The underwater rock wall drilling anchor provided by this invention can quickly, safely, and efficiently moor marine structures on underwater cliffs.

[0070] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. An underwater rock wall drilling anchor, comprising a drill bit (1), a hollow drill rod (2), a gas-liquid injection device (4), a gas-driven rotary propulsion device, a high-pressure gas tank (8), a grouting pipe (3), a grout pressure vessel (13), a grout bag (14), and a frame (17), characterized in that: The drill bit (1) is fixed to the front end of the hollow drill rod (2), and the rear part of the hollow drill rod (2) is rotatably connected to the frame (17); the drill bit (1) is provided with a first axial central through hole and an axial through hole inside; the side wall of the hollow drill rod (2) is provided with a grouting hole (201) connected to the axial through hole, and the grouting hole (201) is connected to the front end of the grouting pipe (3); The gas-liquid injection device (4) includes a housing (401), a sealing assembly (402), and a rotary assembly (403). The housing (401) is connected to the frame (17). The rotary assembly (403) is rotatably sealed to the housing (401) through the sealing assembly to form a sealed chamber (404). The sealed chamber (404) is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet. The air-driven rotary propulsion device is connected to the frame (17). The air-driven rotary propulsion device has an output shaft (93) with a second axial central through hole. The output shaft (93) is connected to the rear end of the hollow drill rod (2) through a transmission assembly. The output shaft (93) drives the hollow drill rod (2) to rotate and provides drilling pressure. The rear end of the grouting pipe (3) passes through the second axial center through hole of the output shaft (93) and is fixedly connected to the rotary assembly (403), and is connected to the sealed chamber (404) through the rotary assembly (403). The slurry bag (14) is placed inside the slurry pressure vessel (13), and the slurry bag (14) is connected to the second inlet of the sealed chamber (404) through the slurry supply pipe (6); The high-pressure gas tank (8) is connected to the first inlet of the sealed chamber (404), the slurry pressure vessel (13), and the air-driven rotary propulsion device.

2. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas tank (8) is connected to a nozzle (7) controlled by a first solenoid valve, a gas supply pipe (10) controlled by a second solenoid valve, and a high-pressure gas pipe (5) controlled by a third solenoid valve. The high-pressure gas tank (8) is connected to a slurry pressure vessel (13) through the gas supply pipe (10). The slurry pressure vessel (13) is placed inside the frame (17). The slurry supply pipe (6) is equipped with a one-way valve (15). The high-pressure gas tank (8) is connected to the first inlet of the sealed chamber (404) through the high-pressure gas pipe (5). The high-pressure gas tank (8) is connected to a pneumatic rotary propulsion device through the nozzle (7) to provide power airflow for the pneumatic rotary propulsion device.

3. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic rotary propulsion device is a cup wheel, which includes a housing (91), a central frame (92), an output shaft (93), and multiple cup-shaped blades (94). The housing (91) is connected to the frame (17). The output shaft (93) passes through the middle of the housing (91) and is rotatably connected to the housing (91). The central frame (92) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft (93). Multiple cup-shaped blades (94) are distributed on the central frame (92), and the center of the mouth of the multiple cup-shaped blades (94) is located on a central circle. The housing (91) has an air inlet pipe (95) and an air outlet pipe (96). The air inlet pipe (95) is connected to a high-pressure gas tank (8) through a jet pipe. The air inlet pipe (95) is parallel to the tangent of the central circle where the center of the mouth of the multiple cup-shaped blades (94) is located, and the air outlet pipe (96) is parallel to the air inlet pipe (95).

4. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (17) is a cage-like structure with a first through hole in the middle of one side wall. A first bearing (18) is provided in the first through hole. The outer ring of the first bearing (18) is fixed to the first through hole, and the inner ring is fixed to the hollow drill rod (2).

5. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a drive gear (97) and a connecting gear (98). The drive gear (97) is an internal gear, and the connecting gear (98) is an external gear. The drive gear (97) is connected to the output shaft (93) of the pneumatic rotary propulsion device, and the connecting gear (98) is connected to the rear end of the hollow drill rod (2). The connecting gear (98) is inserted into the drive gear (97) and meshes with the drive gear (97).

6. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit (1) is a hollow cylindrical structure with multiple radial grooves on its front end face and an opening groove (101) that penetrates the outer wall of the drill bit's circumference in the middle of the front end face. The drill bit (1) has at least two axial through holes, with at least two axial through holes distributed outside the first axial central through hole, and at least two axial through holes are opened in the opening groove (101). The number of grouting holes (201) inside the side wall of the grouting pipe (3) and the hollow drill rod (2) is the same as the number of axial through holes in the drill bit (1). Each grouting hole (201) is connected to an axial through hole at its front end and to a grouting pipe (3) at its rear end.

7. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (401) has a cylindrical inner cavity with one end open, and an annular boss (411) is located inside the cylindrical inner cavity; the rotary assembly (403) includes a base plate (431) and a limiting ring (432). The base plate (431) covers the opening of the housing (401) and is located on one side of the annular boss (411). The base plate (431) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (401) through a second bearing. The limiting ring (432) is connected to the base plate (431) and is located on the other side of the annular boss (411). The limiting ring (432) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (401) through a third bearing; the sealing assembly (402) includes a first sealing element (421) and a second sealing element (422). The first sealing element (421) is disposed between the base plate (431) and the inner wall of the housing (401), and the second sealing element (422) is disposed between the limiting ring (432) and the inner wall of the housing (401).

8. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the first seal (421) and the second seal (422) are labyrinth seals.

9. The underwater rock wall drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (17) is provided with a fixing plate (21) inside, the fixing plate (21) is connected to the frame (17), the fixing plate (21) has a second through hole, and the shell (401) is connected to the second through hole of the fixing plate (21); the air-driven rotary propulsion device, the slurry pressure vessel (13) and the high-pressure gas tank (8) are all fixed inside the frame (17); the frame (17) is also connected with a composite cable (20) and a counterweight (16); the hollow drill rod (2) is also connected with an anchor ring (19).

10. A construction method using an underwater rock wall drilling anchor as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. With the help of an underwater robot, the drill bit (1) is pressed against the rock wall, and the hollow drill rod (2) is facing upwards at an angle of not less than 30° with the horizontal plane; S2. The integrated cable (20) transmits the drilling command, opens the nozzle (7) and high-pressure air pipe (5) of the high-pressure air tank (8), and the high-pressure air is ejected through the nozzle (7) into the rotary cup wheel. The output shaft (93) of the rotary cup wheel drives the hollow drill rod (2) and the drill bit (1) to rotate. When the drill bit (1) cuts the rock wall, the high-pressure air pipe (5) delivers high-pressure air to the hollow drill rod (2) through the gas-liquid injection device (4) and blows the cuttings outward. S3. After drilling is completed, close the nozzle (7) and high-pressure air pipe (5) of the high-pressure air tank (8), open the air supply pipe (10), and the high-pressure air in the high-pressure air tank (8) enters the slurry pressure vessel (13) and squeezes the slurry bag (14). The slurry in the slurry bag (14) is injected into the borehole through the gas-liquid injection device (4) and the grouting pipe (3), and the drill bit (1), hollow drill rod (2) are fixed to the rock wall as a whole, forming a fixed pile anchor hanging on the rock wall; S4. Use a cable to connect the anchor ring (19), and after the cable is tightened, the underwater rock wall drilling anchor is installed.

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