Simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on 45 steel surface and related equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an analogue simulation method for laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel and related equipment. According to the method, a simulation model for 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel is constructed through first parameter information of the 45 steel and second parameter information of a stainless steel cladding layer, then a heat source model is adopted for conducting laser cladding simulation on the simulation model, and temperature field distribution information for 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel is obtained. Therefore, the distribution rule of the temperature field in the process of laser cladding of stainless steel on the 45 steel surface can be accurately obtained, the experiment cost is effectively reduced, the research and development period is shortened, and theoretical guidance and technical support can be provided for follow-up control of the cladding layer quality and the use performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser cladding technology, and in particular to a simulation method and related equipment for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel. Background Art

[0002] 45 steel has relatively low hardness and wear resistance, making it prone to wear and corrosion in some harsh operating environments. To improve the surface properties of 45 steel, laser cladding technology is used to deposit a layer of stainless steel onto its surface, enhancing its corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high-temperature performance. Laser cladding is an advanced surface modification technology that uses a high-energy laser beam to rapidly melt the cladding material and solidify it on the substrate surface, forming a cladding layer with excellent properties.

[0003] However, the laser cladding process involves complex thermophysical phenomena such as rapid heating, rapid cooling, heat conduction, heat convection, and heat radiation, which lead to extremely complex temperature and stress field distributions in the cladding layer and the substrate, thereby affecting the morphology, dilution rate, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the cladding layer. Therefore, accurately predicting and controlling the temperature field distribution during laser cladding on the surface of 45 steel is of great significance for optimizing the cladding process parameters of 45 steel and improving the quality of the cladding layer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a simulation method and related equipment for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, which can accurately understand the distribution law of the temperature field during the process of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, thereby providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the subsequent control of the quality and performance of the cladding layer.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface, which comprises:

[0006] Based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer, a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel is constructed;

[0007] The preset heat source model is used to simulate the laser cladding of the simulation model to obtain the temperature field distribution information of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a simulation device for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface, which comprises:

[0009] A construction unit, configured to construct a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on first parameter information of 45 steel and second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer;

[0010] The simulation unit is used to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

[0011] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel as provided in the first aspect above is implemented.

[0012] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the first aspect above.

[0013] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which is executed by a processor to perform the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the first aspect.

[0014] The simulation method for laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the embodiment of the present application constructs a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel through first parameter information of 45 steel and second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer, and then uses a heat source model to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, thereby accurately obtaining the distribution law of the temperature field during the process of laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, effectively reducing experimental costs and shortening the research and development cycle, thereby providing theoretical guidance and technical support for subsequent control of the quality and performance of the cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of mesh division in the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3The temperature field distribution diagram with a total time of 1s provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 The temperature field distribution diagram for a total time of 6 seconds provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of a simulation device for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0024] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0025] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high-temperature performance. Laser cladding of stainless steel onto the surface of 45 steel can significantly improve the service life and reliability of 45 steel.

[0026] In related technologies, in the process of studying laser cladding alloy on the surface of 45 steel, considering that stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high temperature performance, it is clad on the surface of 45 steel through laser cladding technology, which can significantly improve the service life and reliability of 45 steel.

[0027] However, laser cladding alloys on 45 steel surfaces are typically analyzed using experimental measurements to analyze temperature and stress fields. While these measurements can directly obtain actual temperature data, they suffer from low measurement accuracy, high costs, and difficulty in real-time monitoring.

[0028] To this end, this application provides a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel onto a 45 steel surface, primarily using numerical simulation. This method, through the establishment of mathematical models and numerical solutions, allows for a detailed analysis of the temperature field during the laser cladding process, offering the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and good repeatability.

[0029] At the same time, this application established an accurate numerical model in the process of laser cladding IN625 alloy on the stainless steel surface using the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the 45 steel surface, and took into account the laser heat source distribution and complex heat exchange process in the actual cladding process, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the laser cladding process, which has important theoretical and practical significance for optimizing the cladding process parameters and improving the quality and performance of the cladding layer.

[0030] Before specifically introducing the simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface provided in this application, this application first describes its application scenarios. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on a 45 steel surface in the embodiments of this application is applied to a terminal device, and the method is executed by application software installed in the terminal device. The terminal device can be a desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer, mobile phone, etc.

[0031] It should be noted that the application scenarios described in the following embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0032] The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in this application is described in detail below.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps S210 to S220.

[0034] S210, constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer;

[0035] S220, using a preset heat source model to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the laser cladding of 45 steel with stainless steel.

[0036] Specifically, the first parameter information can be understood as data information used to simulate 45 steel, and the second parameter information can be understood as data information used to simulate stainless steel cladding. The first parameter information can include size information and attribute information of 45 steel, and the second parameter information can include size information and attribute information of stainless steel cladding.

[0037] In the present application, in the process of constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, a simulation model of 45 steel can be constructed based on the first parameter information, and a simulation model of the stainless steel cladding layer can be constructed based on the second parameter information. Then, the simulation model of 45 steel is combined with the simulation model of the stainless steel cladding layer to obtain a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

[0038] At the same time, the present application can also construct a geometric model of 45 steel and a geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer based on the size information of the 45 steel in the first parameter information and the size information of the stainless steel cladding layer in the second parameter information, and then combine the two geometric models, and assign the attribute information of the 45 steel in the first parameter information and the attribute information of the stainless steel cladding layer in the second parameter information to the combined geometric model, so as to obtain a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the process of constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer, the method of constructing the simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel can be selected according to actual application, and this application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0040] Specifically, after constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, the present application can perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model based on a preset heat source model to obtain the temperature field distribution information of the laser cladding stainless steel on the 45 steel surface. At the same time, the maximum temperature, heat-affected zone and molten pool morphology during the cladding process can be analyzed based on the simulation results, and the stress evolution law after cladding can be obtained, which can effectively reduce the experimental cost and shorten the R&D cycle, and can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of the laser cladding process in actual production.

[0041] The heat source model can be a Gaussian heat source model, specifically a Gaussian rotating body heat source model or a Gaussian attenuation body heat source model. This application adopts the Gaussian rotating body heat source model. The Gaussian attenuation body heat source model can accurately simulate the energy input of the laser beam in the laser cladding process, and can also simulate the laser cladding process under different laser powers and moving speeds according to the actual cladding process, so as to accurately analyze the temperature field distribution information of the laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel. Among them, the parameters of the Gaussian attenuation body heat source model may include laser power, scanning speed, spot radius and absorptivity. The Gaussian attenuation body heat source model can be:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, R0 is the spot radius of the laser, H is the height of the heat source; A is the heat absorption rate, P is the laser power, x, y, and z are the three-dimensional coordinates of the laser cladding heat source, which changes with the current time point t. The amplitude of a single change is the product of the laser cladding movement speed and the unit time length, and V is the scanning speed.

[0044] In the process of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, the present application takes into account that the thermal properties of 45 steel are better than those of stainless steel. Therefore, after using a preset heat source model to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain the temperature field distribution information of the laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, there is no need to perform transient structural analysis on the simulation model after the laser cladding simulation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first parameter information includes first size information and first attribute information, and the second parameter information includes second size information and second attribute information; in step S210, a target geometric model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel can be constructed based on the first size information and the second size information; the target geometric model is adjusted based on the first attribute information and the second attribute information to obtain a simulation model.

[0046] In this application, the target geometric model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel can be constructed in the Transient Thermal module of ANSYS Workbench. The first dimensional information can be understood as characterizing the shape and structure of 45 steel. The first dimensional information can be expressed as length × width × height, such as 40 × 30 × 8 mm; the second dimensional information can be understood as characterizing the shape and structure of stainless steel. The second dimensional information can be expressed as width × height × length, such as 2 × 0.5 × 30 mm; the first attribute information can be understood as characterizing the performance parameters of 45 steel at different temperatures, such as thermal conductivity, density, specific heat capacity, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient at different temperatures; the second attribute information can be understood as characterizing the performance parameters of 45 steel at different temperatures, such as density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and melting point at different temperatures.

[0047] Specifically, in the process of constructing a target geometric model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on the first size information and the second size information, the present application can directly construct the target geometric model based on the first size information and the second size information, or can separately construct the geometric model of 45 steel and the geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer based on the first size information and the second size information, and then combine the two geometric models to obtain the target geometric model.

[0048] Furthermore, after constructing the target geometric model, the present application can assign first attribute information and second attribute information to each corresponding geometric model in the target geometric model, thereby obtaining a simulation model of 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel. In the process of assigning attribute information to the target geometric model, the target model can be added to the Engineering Data in the Transient Thermal module and the Model interface can be entered to generate a simulation model of 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel.

[0049] In some embodiments, a target geometric model of 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel is constructed based on the first size information and the second size information, including: constructing a first geometric model of the 45 steel based on the first size information, and constructing a second geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer based on the second size information; combining the first geometric model with the second geometric model to obtain the target geometric model.

[0050] In this application, both the first and second geometric models can be constructed using Design Modeler in the Transient Thermal module of ANSYS Workbench. Taking into account subsequent meshing, this application constructs a first geometric model of 45 steel based on the first dimensional information, and constructs a second geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer based on the second dimensional information. After constructing the first and second geometric models, the first and second geometric models can be combined to obtain a target geometric model of 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel. Birth and death cells are added, and the birth and death cell technology is used to change the cell state of all deposited layers from "born" to "dead." Among them, the birth and death cell technology is an effective method for simulating the layer-by-layer deposition and forming of materials during the laser cladding process.

[0051] Specifically, in the process of adding life and death units, you can enter the ANSYS Mechanical module, perform finite element analysis settings, and then define the unit set. Specifically, in the Mesh module, select all units belonging to the alloy cladding layer and create a unit set (Set). Then you can set the life and death units. Specifically, in ANSYS Mechanical, enter "Analysis Settings" and find the "Element Deactivation" option in "Analysis Settings". Select "DepositLayerSet" and set its status to "Deactivated". Finally, specify the time step to determine at which point in time the status of these units will change from "life" to "death".

[0052] At the beginning of the simulation, all units are set as "dead" units. Then, the "life and death" status of the units is judged according to the actual forming process. The cladding powder is activated unit by unit, and then the load is applied and solved to complete the entire simulation process.

[0053] In some embodiments, in step S220, the initial conditions, boundary conditions, total time and time step required to simulate the temperature field of the simulation model can be set; the energy distribution of the simulation model during the laser cladding process is simulated using a heat source model; and transient thermal analysis is performed on the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain temperature field distribution information.

[0054] Specifically, in the process of using a heat source model to simulate laser cladding of a simulation model, the present application needs to pre-set the initial conditions, boundary conditions, total time and time step required to simulate the temperature field of the simulation model, and gradually activate the cladding powder. After that, the heat source model is used to simulate the energy distribution of the simulation model during the laser cladding process, that is, to simulate the energy input of the laser beam in the laser cladding process, and perform transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process, so as to obtain the temperature field distribution information.

[0055] In this application, in the process of transient thermal analysis of the simulation model in the laser cladding process, the thermal analysis module of the finite element software can be used to solve the temperature field distribution based on the set material parameters, grids, boundary conditions and heat source models. In the process of solving the temperature field distribution, the heat conduction equation can be solved by numerical methods (such as the finite element method) to obtain the temperature value of each node under different time steps, and then the temperature field distribution can be analyzed to observe the melting and solidification process of the cladding layer and the range of the heat affected zone. Specifically, this application can set the nonlinear formula in the nonlinear control to complete, and check whether there are any parameter setting errors. If there are no errors, click to enter the solution calculation, and after the calculation is completed, analyze and process the simulation results in the solution to obtain the temperature field distribution information.

[0056] Among them, the initial condition can be understood as the initial temperature of the simulation model before the start of laser cladding, which can be the ambient temperature (such as 22°C); the boundary condition is to set the boundary conditions of convective heat transfer and radiation heat transfer at the external boundary of the simulation model to simulate the heat exchange with the surrounding environment; the total time can be understood as the time required for the entire process from the start to the end of laser cladding; the time step can be understood as the time interval between each calculation during the simulation process. The setting of the time step needs to find a balance between calculation accuracy and calculation efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, the total time may be between 0.1-10 s, and the time step may be between 0.001 and 0.1 s. Preferably, the total time may be 6 s, and the time step may be 0.1 s.

[0058] It should be noted that the total time and time step are key steps in the simulation process, which directly affect the accuracy and efficiency of the calculation. By reasonably setting the total time and time step, the accuracy and efficiency of the laser cladding simulation analysis can be ensured, providing reliable theoretical support for optimizing the cladding process. Among them, the selection of the time step needs to consider the thermal conductivity characteristics of the material. If the time step is too large, it may lead to unstable numerical calculations and fail to accurately capture changes in the temperature field; the time step needs to be small enough to capture rapid changes in the laser cladding process, such as the formation and solidification of the molten pool. Especially at the junction of the cladding layer and the substrate, the temperature gradient varies greatly, and a smaller time step is required to ensure calculation accuracy.

[0059] In some embodiments, before performing transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process, it also includes: meshing the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain a meshed simulation model; performing transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain temperature field distribution information, including: performing transient thermal analysis on the meshed simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information.

[0060] Specifically, before performing transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process, this application also needs to mesh the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain a meshed simulation model. After that, transient thermal analysis can be performed on the meshed simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information.

[0061] In this application, meshing is the process of discretizing a continuous model into a finite number of elements and nodes, which is crucial for numerical simulations. When choosing a meshing method, a structured mesh can be used. Structured meshes have a regular topological structure and are suitable for model regions with relatively regular geometric shapes.

[0062] At the same time, in terms of mesh density control, a transitional mesh can be used, with a gradual decrease in mesh density. Subdividing the mesh in the cladding area and its vicinity, while using a coarser mesh away from the cladding layer. Specifically, in areas with large temperature gradients, such as the laser cladding area, a finer mesh is required to accurately capture rapid changes in the temperature field and ensure calculation accuracy. In areas away from the heat source where temperature changes are more gradual, a coarser mesh can be appropriately used to reduce the amount of calculation and improve efficiency. At the same time, excessive distortion and stretching of the mesh should be avoided to ensure mesh quality and thus the reliability of the numerical simulation results.

[0063] In some embodiments, meshing the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain the meshed simulation model includes: determining the layer edge between the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layers, and segmenting the simulation model during the laser cladding process according to the layer edge to obtain a first segmented portion, a second segmented portion, and a third segmented portion; and meshing the first segmented portion, the second segmented portion, and the third segmented portion, respectively, to obtain the meshed simulation model.

[0064] In the present application, when meshing a simulation model during a laser cladding process, the meshing can be performed based on the layer boundary between the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layers. Specifically, the layer boundary between the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layers can be determined, and the simulation model during the laser cladding process can be segmented based on the layer boundary to obtain a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment, the second segment, and the third segment can then be meshed separately to obtain a meshed simulation model.

[0065] Among them, the second dividing part can be understood as the layer edge between 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layer, the first dividing part can be understood as the part of 45 steel away from the layer edge, and the third dividing part can be understood as the part of stainless steel cladding layer away from the layer edge.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first segmentation portion, the second segmentation portion, and the third segmentation portion are respectively meshed to obtain a meshed simulation model, including: in the scanning direction of laser cladding, the first segmentation portion, the second segmentation portion, and the third segmentation portion are divided using their respective corresponding first target unit sizes to obtain a first segmentation portion group; in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction, the first segmentation portion group is divided using a preset second target unit size to obtain a meshed simulation model.

[0067] In this application, the first target unit size corresponding to each of the first segmentation part, the second segmentation part and the third segmentation part can be understood as the size of each of the first segmentation part, the second segmentation part and the third segmentation part after segmentation in the scanning direction, the second target unit size can be understood as the size of the simulation model after segmentation perpendicular to the scanning direction, and the first segmentation part group can be understood as the multiple segments formed after segmentation of the first segmentation part, the second segmentation part and the third segmentation part, thereby obtaining Figure 2 Schematic diagram of mesh division shown.

[0068] The size of the first target unit corresponding to the first segment is larger than the size of the first target unit corresponding to the second segment, and the size of the first target unit corresponding to the second segment is larger than the size of the first target unit corresponding to the first segment.

[0069] At the same time, the scanning direction can be understood as the direction of laser beam movement during the simulation of laser cladding; perpendicular to the scanning direction can be understood as a direction parallel to the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layer and perpendicular to the scanning direction.

[0070] The following is an example of a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in an embodiment of the present application, which may include the following steps:

[0071] (1) Establishment of geometric model

[0072] In the Transient Thermal module of the ANSYS Workbench finite element software, DesignModeler was used to establish the geometric models of the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layers during the cladding process. The dimensions of the 45 steel were set to 40×30×8mm, and the dimensions of the stainless steel cladding layer were set to 2×0.5×30mm. The 45 steel was divided into three parts along the edge of the stainless steel cladding layer, and the divided geometries of the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layer were combined into a new assembly.

[0073] (2) Setting of material properties

[0074] Enter the Engineering Data section of the Transient Thermal module and add two new materials, naming them 45 steel and stainless steel. Set the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and melting point of 45 steel and stainless steel at different temperatures. Enter the Model interface and assign the material properties to the geometric models of the 45 steel and stainless steel cladding layers. The density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and melting point of 45 steel and stainless steel at different temperatures are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0075] Table 1 Attribute information of 45 steel

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 Property information of stainless steel

[0078]

[0079] (3) Grid division

[0080] Insert multiple regions at the Mesh, select the two geometric models of 45 steel away from the stainless steel cladding layer, set the unit size to 1mm, and insert size adjustment; select the layer edge in the scanning direction of the stainless steel cladding layer, set the unit size to 0.5mm, and insert size adjustment again; select the geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer, set the unit size to 0.2mm, and insert size adjustment again; in the stainless steel cladding layer perpendicular to the scanning direction, set the unit size to 0.2mm. The number of units after division is 6716 and the number of nodes is 32204.

[0081] (4) Setting of heat source model

[0082] Insert the APDL command stream in the Model interface and select the Gaussian attenuation heat source model parameters as R0 = 0.001mm, A = 0.4, H = 0.001mm. The laser cladding parameters are P = 1200W, V = 5mm / s. The loading formula is:

[0083]

[0084] (5) Setting of initial conditions and boundary conditions

[0085] Select all external surfaces of the simulation model except the lower surface, name it A1, set the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient in the APDL command stream, load it to A1, and set the ambient temperature to 22°C.

[0086] (6) Set the total time and time step

[0087] Set the total time of the temperature field to 1s or 6s, the time step to 0.1, then set the nonlinear formula in the nonlinear control to complete, and check if there are any parameter setting errors. If there are no errors, click to enter the solution calculation. After the calculation is completed, analyze and process the simulation results in the solution, and then you can get the maximum temperature of the model surface is 2084.1℃. At the same time, after the calculation is completed, the temperature distribution cloud diagram is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. Among them, Figure 3 The corresponding temperature distribution cloud diagram is 1s in total time. Figure 4 The corresponding temperature distribution cloud diagram is 6s in total time.

[0088] In the simulation method of laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the embodiment of the present application, a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel can be constructed using the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer. Then, the heat source model is used to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain the temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, thereby accurately obtaining the distribution law of the temperature field during the process of laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, effectively reducing the experimental cost and shortening the research and development cycle, thereby providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the subsequent control of the quality and performance of the cladding layer.

[0089] The embodiment of the present application further provides a simulation device 300 for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, which is used to execute any embodiment of the simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel.

[0090] Specifically, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 It is a schematic block diagram of a simulation device 300 for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the simulation device 300 for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the present application includes: a construction unit 310 and a simulation unit 320.

[0092] The construction unit 310 is used to construct a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer; the simulation unit 320 is used to use a preset heat source model to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

[0093] The simulation device 300 for laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel provided in the embodiment of the present application can construct a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel through the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer, and then use a heat source model to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, thereby accurately obtaining the distribution law of the temperature field during the process of laser cladding of stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, effectively reducing the experimental cost and shortening the research and development cycle, thereby providing theoretical guidance and technical support for subsequent control of the quality and performance of the cladding layer.

[0094] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the specific implementation process of the simulation device 300 and each unit of the above-mentioned laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel can refer to the corresponding description in the aforementioned method embodiment. For the convenience and brevity of description, they will not be repeated here.

[0095] The simulation device 300 for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel can be implemented in the form of a computer program. The computer program can be used in Figure 6 Runs on the electronic devices shown.

[0096] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 It is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] See Figure 6 The electronic device 400 includes a processor 402 , a memory, and a network interface 405 connected via a system bus 401 , wherein the memory may include a storage medium 403 and an internal memory 404 .

[0098] The storage medium 403 can store an operating system 4031 and a computer program 4032. When the computer program 4032 is executed, the processor 402 can execute a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel.

[0099] The processor 402 is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire device 400.

[0100] The internal memory 404 provides an environment for the operation of the computer program 4032 in the non-volatile storage medium 403. When the computer program 4032 is executed by the processor 402, the processor 402 can execute a simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel.

[0101] The network interface 405 is used for network communication, such as providing data information transmission. Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the device 400 to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific device 400 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0102] The processor 402 is configured to execute a computer program 4032 stored in the memory to implement the following functions: constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser-clad with stainless steel based on first parameter information of the 45 steel and second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer; and performing laser cladding simulation on the simulation model using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser-clad with stainless steel.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6The embodiment of the device 400 shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the specific structure of the device 400. In other embodiments, the device 400 may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently. For example, in some embodiments, the device 400 may only include a memory and a processor 402. In such an embodiment, the structure and function of the memory and processor 402 are the same as those in the figure. Figure 6 The embodiments shown are consistent and will not be described again here.

[0104] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 402 may also be other general-purpose processors 402, digital signal processors 502 (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor 402 may be a microprocessor 402 or any conventional processor 402, etc.

[0105] According to one aspect of the present application, a computer program product or computer program is also provided, the computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of an electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, causing the electronic device to implement the following steps: constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser-claded with stainless steel based on first parameter information of 45 steel and second parameter information of a stainless steel cladding layer; and performing laser cladding simulation on the simulation model using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser-clad with stainless steel.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method of the above-described embodiment can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions, which can be stored in a storage medium that is computer-readable. The program instructions are executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the steps in the method of the above-described embodiment.

[0107] In another embodiment of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided. The storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program 4032, wherein when executed by a processor 402, the computer program 4032 implements the following steps: constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser-claded with stainless steel based on first parameter information of 45 steel and second parameter information of a stainless steel cladding layer; and performing a laser cladding simulation on the simulation model using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser-clad with stainless steel.

[0108] The storage medium may be any computer-readable storage medium that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0110] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is merely a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.

[0111] The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted in order, combined, and deleted according to actual needs. The units in the device of the embodiment of the present application can be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a single unit.

[0112] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling an electronic device (which can be a personal computer, terminal, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method provided in each embodiment of the present application.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and such modifications or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, characterized in that: include: Based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer, a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel is constructed; The laser cladding simulation of the simulation model is performed using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

2. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first parameter information includes first size information and first attribute information, and the second parameter information includes second size information and second attribute information; The method of constructing a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on the first parameter information of 45 steel and the second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer includes: Constructing a target geometric model of the 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel according to the first size information and the second size information; The target geometric model is adjusted according to the first attribute information and the second attribute information to obtain the simulation model.

3. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of constructing a target geometric model of the 45 steel laser clad with stainless steel based on the first size information and the second size information includes: Constructing a first geometric model of the stainless steel according to the first size information, and constructing a second geometric model of the stainless steel cladding layer according to the second size information; The first geometric model and the second geometric model are combined to obtain the target geometric model.

4. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding simulation of the simulation model is performed using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel, including: Setting initial conditions, boundary conditions, total time and time step required to simulate the temperature field of the simulation model; Using the heat source model to simulate the energy distribution of the simulation model during the laser cladding process; Transient thermal analysis is performed on the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain the temperature field distribution information.

5. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before performing transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process, the method further includes: Meshing the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain a meshed simulation model; The performing of transient thermal analysis on the simulation model during the laser cladding process to obtain the temperature field distribution information includes: Transient thermal analysis is performed on the meshed simulation model to obtain the temperature field distribution information.

6. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 5, characterized in that: Meshing the simulation model in the laser cladding process to obtain a meshed simulation model includes: Determining a layer boundary between the 45 steel and the stainless steel cladding layer, and segmenting the simulation model during the laser cladding process according to the layer boundary to obtain a first segmentation portion, a second segmentation portion, and a third segmentation portion; The first segmented portion, the second segmented portion, and the third segmented portion are respectively meshed to obtain the meshed simulation model.

7. The simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The meshing of the first segmented portion, the second segmented portion, and the third segmented portion to obtain the meshed simulation model includes: In the scanning direction of laser cladding, the first segmented portion, the second segmented portion, and the third segmented portion are divided using their respective corresponding first target unit sizes to obtain a first segmented portion group; In a direction perpendicular to the scanning direction, the first segmentation portion group is divided using a preset second target unit size to obtain the simulation model after the grid division.

8. A simulation device for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel, characterized in that: include: A construction unit, configured to construct a simulation model of 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel based on first parameter information of 45 steel and second parameter information of the stainless steel cladding layer; The simulation unit is used to perform laser cladding simulation on the simulation model using a preset heat source model to obtain temperature field distribution information of the 45 steel laser cladding with stainless steel.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the simulation method of laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to perform the simulation method for laser cladding stainless steel on the surface of 45 steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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