Guardrail state monitoring system and method based on multi-mode communication

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of data processing, and discloses a guardrail state monitoring system and method based on multi-mode communication, which receives a guardrail node state sent by each guardrail state monitoring terminal through a guardrail state monitoring gateway, generates road accident information and evaluates a road accident level, and then sends the road accident level and a cruising power value in the guardrail state information to a guardrail state monitoring cloud, according to a road historical traffic flow convergence topological graph of a target area and a maintenance time of a current guardrail maintenance period, based on the principles of meeting a traffic flow decline ratio, a guardrail maintenance period cruising requirement and uniformity of a residual cruising power value, the corresponding guardrail state monitoring terminal is controlled to display road passing warning information. Therefore, the application satisfies the maintenance period requirement by ensuring the cruising of the guardrail state monitoring terminal, improves the self-relief capability of urban roads in the face of traffic accidents, and solves the contradiction between the passing guidance function operation and the cruising guarantee.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a guardrail status monitoring system and method based on multimode communication. Background Technology

[0002] Road guardrail condition monitoring is a traffic sensing technology developed to meet the needs of urban road traffic management. Its core is to integrate condition monitoring equipment (sensors, communication modules), traffic indicator panels, and a hybrid power supply system combining self-storage batteries and solar energy onto the guardrails. This enables real-time monitoring of the guardrails' physical condition (collision, tilt, etc.) and indirectly detects road accidents, providing crucial accident information support for urban road traffic status monitoring. The hybrid power supply design, combining solar energy and self-storage batteries, aims to extend battery life and reduce guardrail maintenance frequency by supplementing power with solar energy during the day. This ensures the monitoring equipment can stably perform routine guardrail condition monitoring tasks over a long period, laying the foundation for the rapid detection of urban road accidents and the implementation of subsequent traffic improvement measures.

[0003] In practical applications of road accident detection and traffic guidance, road guardrail status monitoring faces a significant dilemma between functional implementation and system endurance: On the one hand, the energy storage capacity of existing hybrid power supply systems combining self-storage batteries and solar power is limited, only able to support the monitoring equipment in completing routine guardrail status monitoring. Activating traffic indicator panels (to guide surrounding vehicles around the accident site) during an accident consumes a large amount of additional energy, directly shortening the monitoring terminal's endurance. On the other hand, to avoid frequent maintenance disrupting road traffic, it is necessary to ensure that the batteries of all guardrail monitoring terminals within the area can be replaced within the specified maintenance cycle. This requires that when performing the traffic guidance function, it is necessary to both reduce traffic flow on the accident road through the indicator panels and consider the remaining battery power of monitoring terminals at different locations in real time, balancing the relationship between function activation (traffic guidance) and endurance assurance (maintenance cycle). Ultimately, this poses significant challenges to the stability of guardrail status monitoring, the efficiency of rapid response after accident detection, and the effective coverage of traffic guidance.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve high-precision road guardrail status monitoring, accurate road accident detection, and reasonable selection of road traffic guidance information display location and display time period, while ensuring that the battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal meets the maintenance cycle requirements, improve the self-mitigation ability of urban roads when faced with traffic accidents, and avoid situations such as further congestion of the accident road leading to the obstruction of rescue and ambulance vehicles and the reduction of road traffic efficiency due to long-term congestion of the accident road, is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a guardrail status monitoring system and method based on multimode communication, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The guardrail status monitoring gateway receives the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information;

[0008] Based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area is determined, and road accident information is generated.

[0009] Extract the location and type of road accident from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. Drive the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0010] The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, causing the associated guardrail nodes to display road traffic guidance.

[0011] Optionally, before the step of the guardrail status monitoring gateway receiving the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area, the method further includes:

[0012] Based on the environmental information of the area where each guardrail node is located within the target area, a guardrail status monitoring terminal with a communication module that meets the communication characteristics is configured for each guardrail node; wherein, the communication module includes a Zigbee communication module, a LoRa communication module and a 433MHz radio frequency module;

[0013] Based on the configuration location of each guardrail status monitoring terminal, several guardrail status monitoring gateways using multi-mode communication are set up in the target area; wherein, the guardrail status monitoring gateway is configured to have a Zigbee receiver module, a LoRa receiver module and a 433MHz receiver module, and is configured with a UART interface for data transmission between the Zigbee receiver module and the 433MHz receiver module and an SPI interface for data transmission between the 433MHz receiver module and the LoRa receiver module.

[0014] Optionally, each guardrail status monitoring terminal is equipped with a guardrail status sensor and a solar-powered energy storage module;

[0015] The guardrail status sensor is configured as a six-axis sensor with tilt angle change monitoring and acceleration monitoring functions, and the solar power supply energy storage module is configured to include an energy storage battery, a solar panel and a solar charging energy storage management circuit.

[0016] The guardrail status information includes guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and battery life parameters output by the solar charging and energy storage management circuit, all collected by the guardrail status sensor.

[0017] Optionally, the guardrail status monitoring gateway receives guardrail node status information from each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area, specifically including:

[0018] Each guardrail status monitoring terminal extracts guardrail status information from the guardrail status information stream collected by the guardrail status sensor, and sends the guardrail status information and the battery life value output in real time by the solar charging energy storage management circuit to the guardrail status monitoring gateway.

[0019] The guardrail status monitoring gateway, based on the guardrail status information and battery life values ​​from different communication modules, determines the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information sent by the guardrail status monitoring terminal according to the binding relationship between the communication module and the corresponding guardrail status monitoring terminal.

[0020] Optionally, the step of determining the guardrail status of each guardrail node within the target area and generating road accident information based on the guardrail node identifier and guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information specifically includes:

[0021] Using the guardrail tilt angle change parameters and guardrail acceleration parameters of each guardrail node received, abnormal nodes are extracted from several guardrail nodes in the target area.

[0022] Based on the guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and guardrail node identification of each abnormal node, and the guardrail node location information pre-stored in the guardrail status monitoring gateway, a road accident guardrail feature set is constructed. The road accident guardrail feature set is then input into the road accident prediction model to identify the location and type of road accidents in the target area.

[0023] Based on the location and type of road accidents in the target area, generate road accident information.

[0024] Optionally, the steps of extracting the road accident location and type from the road accident information, generating a road accident level, and sending the road accident level along with the remaining battery power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud include:

[0025] Extract the location and type of the road accident from the road accident information, and generate the road accident level based on a preset mapping table between road accident elements and the percentage decrease in road traffic efficiency;

[0026] The percentage decrease in road traffic efficiency and the remaining battery power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information are used as road traffic alarm signals for road accidents and sent to the guardrail status monitoring cloud.

[0027] Optionally, the guardrail status monitoring cloud generates road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. This process includes:

[0028] The guardrail status monitoring cloud acquires the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area; wherein, the historical traffic flow topology map records the traffic flow inflow ratio of each road to several inflow roads at different times;

[0029] The guardrail status monitoring cloud system calculates the battery life of each guardrail node based on the received road traffic alarm signal, the battery consumption of each guardrail node's status monitoring terminal during the first unit of time when executing road traffic guidance and the battery consumption of the second unit of time when not executing road traffic guidance, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0030] Based on the road accident level in the received road traffic alarm signal, the guardrail status monitoring cloud estimates the road accident handling time period. It considers the traffic flow merging ratio of several merging roads at the current time and the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. It then plans the associated roads and the execution time period for the road traffic guidance display among several associated roads of the road where the road accident is located.

[0031] The first constraint is that the sum of the traffic flow merging ratios of the associated roads where several guardrail nodes planned to perform road traffic guidance display are located at each moment during the road accident handling period is not less than the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. The second constraint is that the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period meets the battery life of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The objective function is the variance of the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period. The associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display are used as decision variables. The genetic algorithm encodes the decision variable combination into chromosomes. Through iterative screening of multiple generations of chromosomes, the chromosome with the highest fitness that satisfies the first and second constraints and is determined based on the reciprocal of the objective function is selected for decoding to obtain the associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display, thus generating the optimal road traffic warning strategy.

[0032] Based on the associated roads and the execution time period of the road traffic warning strategy used to perform the road traffic guidance display, road traffic warning information containing road traffic guidance display information is generated and sent to several guardrail status monitoring terminals on the associated roads.

[0033] Optionally, the remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period is sufficient for the current guardrail maintenance cycle. Specifically, the remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display is less than the power consumption value of the road traffic guidance display determined by the duration of the corresponding execution period during the road accident handling period and the power consumption value of the first unit duration. This power consumption value is greater than the normal power consumption value of guardrail status monitoring determined by the duration of the period from the road accident handling period to the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle and the power consumption value of the second unit duration.

[0034] Optionally, the guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, causing the associated guardrail nodes to execute the road traffic guidance display steps, specifically including:

[0035] The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the associated roads and the execution time period of the road traffic guidance display used in the road traffic warning information to the guardrail status monitoring terminal of the corresponding associated guardrail node via the guardrail status monitoring gateway;

[0036] The guardrail status monitoring terminal controls the road traffic warning information display device configured at the guardrail node to display relevant road traffic guidance information for detours to the location of road accidents.

[0037] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication, comprising:

[0038] The receiving module is used by the guardrail status monitoring gateway to receive the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information;

[0039] The judgment module is used to determine the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, and generate road accident information.

[0040] The generation module is used to extract the location and type of road accidents from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. This drives the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0041] The display module is used to send the road traffic warning information from the guardrail status monitoring cloud to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, thereby driving the associated guardrail nodes to display road traffic guidance.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It proposes a guardrail status monitoring system and method based on multi-mode communication. The system receives guardrail node status data from each guardrail status monitoring terminal via a guardrail status monitoring gateway, generates road accident information, and assesses the road accident level. Then, it sends the road accident level along with the remaining battery power value from the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. Based on the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle, and adhering to the principles of satisfying the traffic flow reduction ratio, the guardrail maintenance cycle battery power requirements, and the uniformity of remaining battery power, the system controls the corresponding guardrail status monitoring terminal to display road traffic warning information. Therefore, this invention improves the self-mitigation capability of urban roads in the face of traffic accidents by ensuring that the battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal meets the maintenance cycle requirements, and resolves the contradiction between the operation of traffic guidance functions and battery power assurance. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] This invention provides a method for monitoring guardrail status based on multimode communication, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In this embodiment, a guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: The guardrail status monitoring gateway receives the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information;

[0049] S2: Based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, determine the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area and generate road accident information;

[0050] S3: Extract the location and type of road accident from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. Drive the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0051] S4: The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes through the guardrail status monitoring gateway, causing the associated guardrail nodes to execute road traffic guidance display.

[0052] It should be noted that in the practical application of road accident detection and traffic guidance, road guardrail status monitoring faces a significant dilemma between functional implementation and system endurance: On the one hand, the energy storage capacity of existing hybrid power supply systems combining self-storage batteries and solar power is limited, only able to support the monitoring equipment in completing routine guardrail status monitoring. However, activating traffic indicator panels (to guide surrounding vehicles to detour) during an accident consumes a large amount of additional energy, directly shortening the monitoring terminal's endurance. On the other hand, to avoid frequent maintenance disrupting road traffic, it is necessary to ensure that the batteries of all guardrail monitoring terminals within the area can be replaced within the specified maintenance cycle. This requires that when performing the traffic guidance function, it is necessary to reduce traffic flow on the accident road through the indicator panels while simultaneously considering the remaining battery power of monitoring terminals at different locations in real time, balancing the relationship between function activation (traffic guidance) and endurance assurance (maintenance cycle). Ultimately, this poses significant challenges to the stability of guardrail status monitoring, the efficiency of rapid response after accident detection, and the effective coverage of traffic guidance.

[0053] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment receives guardrail node status data from each guardrail status monitoring terminal via a guardrail status monitoring gateway. It then generates road accident information and assesses the road accident level. The road accident level, along with the remaining battery power value from the guardrail status information, is sent to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. Based on the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle, and adhering to the principles of meeting the traffic flow reduction ratio, guardrail maintenance cycle battery power requirements, and the uniformity of remaining battery power, the corresponding guardrail status monitoring terminal is controlled to display road traffic warning information. Thus, this invention improves the self-mitigation capability of urban roads in the face of traffic accidents by ensuring that the battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal meets the maintenance cycle requirements, resolving the contradiction between traffic guidance function operation and battery power assurance.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, before the step of the guardrail status monitoring gateway receiving the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area, the method further includes:

[0055] S01: Based on the environmental information of the area where each guardrail node is located within the target area, configure a guardrail status monitoring terminal with a communication module that meets the communication characteristics for each guardrail node; wherein, the communication module includes a Zigbee communication module, a LoRa communication module, and a 433MHz radio frequency module;

[0056] S02: Based on the configuration location of each guardrail status monitoring terminal, several guardrail status monitoring gateways using multi-mode communication are set up in the target area; wherein, the guardrail status monitoring gateway is configured to have a Zigbee receiving module, a LoRa receiving module and a 433MHz receiving module, and is configured with a UART interface for data transmission between the Zigbee receiving module and the 433MHz receiving module and an SPI interface for data transmission between the 433MHz receiving module and the LoRa receiving module.

[0057] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the deployment environment of each guardrail node (such as occlusion intensity, electromagnetic interference, and spacing), a suitable communication module is configured for its monitoring terminal (Zigbee is suitable for densely occluded areas, LoRa is suitable for open long-distance areas, and 433MHz is suitable for medium-distance strong penetration areas). Then, based on the geographical distribution of the terminals, multi-mode communication gateways are reasonably deployed in the target area. The gateway needs to integrate a receiving module (Zigbee / LoRa / 433MHz receiving module) corresponding to the terminal module and configure matching hardware interfaces (UART interface for data transmission of Zigbee and 433MHz modules, and SPI interface for data transmission of 433MHz and LoRa modules) to ensure that the gateway can be compatible with receiving terminal data from different modules.

[0058] For example, Zigbee communication modules are configured for the guardrail terminals in the old urban area of ​​the target area (dense high-rise buildings, severe obstruction, guardrail spacing of 50m); LoRa communication modules are configured for the terminals on the urban expressway of the target area (open and unobstructed, guardrail spacing of 2km); and 433MHz radio frequency modules are configured for the terminals under the overpass of the target area (strong obstruction, moderate electromagnetic interference, guardrail spacing of 100m). On this basis, one multi-mode gateway is deployed every 1km in the old urban area, every 3km on the expressway, and every 500m in the tunnel. The gateway receives Zigbee / 433MHz data through the UART interface and LoRa / 433MHz data through the SPI interface to ensure that no terminal data is missed in the entire area.

[0059] Therefore, this embodiment avoids the problems of weak signal and high bit error rate caused by the application of a single communication module by adopting a multi-module communication method, achieves stable adaptation of communication links in different environments, and reduces the number of gateways deployed by using a multi-mode gateway, thereby reducing hardware costs.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, each guardrail status monitoring terminal is equipped with a guardrail status sensor and a solar-powered energy storage module;

[0061] The guardrail status sensor is configured as a six-axis sensor with tilt angle change monitoring and acceleration monitoring functions, and the solar power supply energy storage module is configured to include an energy storage battery, a solar panel and a solar charging energy storage management circuit.

[0062] The guardrail status information includes guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and battery life parameters output by the solar charging and energy storage management circuit, all collected by the guardrail status sensor.

[0063] In this embodiment, by equipping each monitoring terminal with a six-axis sensor, the attitude changes (tilt angle) and impact intensity (acceleration) of the guardrail can be collected simultaneously, enabling accurate perception of collision, tilt, and other states. A solar-powered energy storage module is also configured, including an energy storage battery as the energy storage carrier, a solar panel as the energy input source, and a solar charging and energy storage management circuit responsible for charging protection and power distribution. This ensures that the terminal has a stable power supply for a long time in outdoor scenarios. The guardrail status information uploaded by the terminal must include the attitude parameters (tilt angle change, acceleration) collected by the six-axis sensor and the remaining battery power parameters output by the management circuit, providing complete data support for subsequent decision-making.

[0064] For example, by configuring an MPU6050 six-axis sensor at the highway guardrail terminal, when a vehicle slightly scratches the guardrail, the sensor detects a 5° change in tilt angle and an acceleration of 1.2g, which is judged as a "minor anomaly"; when the vehicle hits the guardrail, it detects a 30° change in tilt angle and an acceleration of 8g, which is judged as a "serious anomaly". Through the 18V / 10W solar panel and 12V / 20Ah energy storage battery configured in the terminal, the charging management circuit converts solar energy into electrical energy for storage during the day and uses the battery to power the terminal at night, ensuring that the terminal can still work normally for 40 consecutive days without sunlight, and uploads the remaining battery power parameters to the gateway in real time.

[0065] Therefore, this embodiment, based on the setting of guardrail status sensor and solar power energy storage module, can improve the accuracy of guardrail status perception, reduce misjudgment of single parameters, extend terminal battery life, and reduce the frequency of manual maintenance.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the step of the guardrail status monitoring gateway receiving the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area specifically includes:

[0067] S11: Each guardrail status monitoring terminal extracts guardrail status information from the guardrail status information stream collected by the guardrail status sensor, and sends the guardrail status information and the battery life value output in real time by the solar charging energy storage management circuit to the guardrail status monitoring gateway.

[0068] S12: The guardrail status monitoring gateway determines the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information sent by the guardrail status monitoring terminal based on the binding relationship between the communication module and the corresponding guardrail status monitoring terminal, based on the guardrail status information and battery life value from different communication modules.

[0069] In this embodiment, the guardrail status monitoring terminal first extracts valid guardrail status information (such as tilt angle change value and acceleration peak value) from the raw information stream collected by the six-axis sensor, and packages it with the remaining power value output in real time by the solar charging energy storage management circuit. It then sends the packaged data to the gateway through its own configured communication module. After receiving the data, the gateway determines the guardrail node identifier and complete status information corresponding to each data segment based on the preset binding relationship between the communication module and the monitoring terminal (such as Zigbee module bound to terminal HB-021, LoRa module bound to terminal HB-035), thus avoiding data confusion between different terminals.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the step of determining the guardrail status of each guardrail node within the target area and generating road accident information based on the guardrail node identifier and guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information specifically includes:

[0071] S21: Using the guardrail tilt angle change parameters and guardrail acceleration parameters of each guardrail node received, extract the abnormal state nodes from several guardrail nodes in the target area.

[0072] S22: Based on the guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and guardrail node identifiers of each abnormal state node, and the guardrail node location information pre-stored in the guardrail status monitoring gateway, construct a road accident guardrail feature set, input the road accident guardrail feature set into the road accident prediction model, and identify the road accident location and road accident type in the target area.

[0073] S23: Generate road accident information based on the location and type of road accidents in the target area.

[0074] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the tilt angle change parameters and acceleration parameters of each guardrail node, abnormal nodes exceeding the normal threshold (e.g., tilt angle > 15°, acceleration > 3g) are screened out. Then, combined with the attitude parameters (specific values ​​of tilt angle and acceleration) of each abnormal node and the node location information pre-stored in the gateway, a "road accident guardrail feature set" (including abnormal node location, abnormality degree, and distribution density) is constructed. The feature set is input into a pre-trained road accident prediction model. This road accident prediction model extracts road accident guardrail features and road accident location, accident type, and other data from historical road accident data. By matching the road accident guardrail features with the highest similarity, it selects the road accident location and accident type that are closest to the current accident situation in historical road accidents. Finally, the recognition results are integrated to generate road accident information containing the core elements of the accident.

[0075] For example, after receiving data, the gateway of a secondary arterial road in a city filters out three adjacent nodes, HB-041, HB-042, and HB-043, as abnormal nodes (tilt angles of 22°, 28°, and 25°, and accelerations of 6g, 7.5g, and 6.8g, respectively). Combining this with pre-stored location information (the three nodes are continuously distributed along XX Road, with a spacing of 50m between each node), a feature set is constructed. The feature set is then input into an accident prediction model. The model matches the feature of "three consecutive nodes with high tilt angles and high accelerations" in historical data, identifies the accident location as "the main road 50m from XX Road," and the accident type as "multiple vehicles continuously hitting the guardrail," generating complete accident information. By using multi-parameter fusion and historical data matching, the accuracy of accident detection and positioning precision are improved, ensuring the completeness of accident information.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the steps of extracting the road accident location and type from the road accident information, generating a road accident level, and sending the road accident level along with the battery life value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud specifically include:

[0077] S31: Extract the location and type of the road accident from the road accident information, and generate the road accident level based on the preset mapping table between road accident elements and the proportion of road traffic efficiency decline;

[0078] S32: The road traffic efficiency reduction ratio and the battery life value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information are used as road traffic alarm signals for road accidents and sent to the guardrail status monitoring cloud.

[0079] In this embodiment, the accident location (e.g., main road / secondary road) and accident type (e.g., minor scratch / serious collision) are first extracted from road accident information. Based on a preset mapping table of road accident elements and traffic efficiency reduction ratios (e.g., a 60% reduction in traffic efficiency corresponds to a multi-vehicle collision on a main road, and a 20% reduction corresponds to a single-vehicle scratch on a secondary road), the accident elements are converted into quantifiable traffic efficiency reduction ratios, thereby generating standardized road accident levels (e.g., efficiency reduction > 50% is Level 1, 30%-50% is Level 2, and < 30% is Level 3). Finally, the traffic efficiency reduction ratio and the remaining battery power of each guardrail node are integrated into a road traffic alarm signal and sent to the guardrail status monitoring cloud, providing key parameters for cloud-based traffic guidance planning. This achieves a unified standard for accident levels, avoiding the subjectivity of manual judgment, and incorporates remaining battery power into the alarm signal to ensure that cloud-based decision-making considers device battery life, preventing premature power depletion of the terminal during guidance display.

[0080] Based on this, the guardrail status monitoring cloud platform generates road traffic warning information by incorporating historical traffic flow data into the topology map of the target area and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The specific steps include:

[0081] S33: The guardrail status monitoring cloud obtains the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area; wherein, the historical traffic flow topology map records the traffic flow inflow ratio of each road to several inflow roads at different times;

[0082] S34: The guardrail status monitoring cloud system calculates the remaining battery power of each guardrail node in the received road traffic alarm signal, the battery power consumption of each guardrail node's status monitoring terminal during the first unit of time when executing road traffic guidance and the battery power consumption of the second unit of time when not executing road traffic guidance, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0083] S35: The guardrail status monitoring cloud estimates the road accident handling period based on the road accident level in the received road traffic alarm signal. It considers the traffic flow merging ratio of several merging roads at the current time and the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. It plans the associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display among several associated roads of the road where the road accident is located.

[0084] S36: The first constraint is that the sum of the traffic flow merging ratios of the associated roads where several guardrail nodes planned to execute road traffic guidance display are located at each moment during the road accident handling period is not less than the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. The second constraint is that the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to execute road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period meets the battery life of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The objective function is the variance of the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to execute road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period. The associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display are used as decision variables. The genetic algorithm encodes the decision variable combination into chromosomes. Through iterative screening of multiple generations of chromosomes, the chromosome with the highest fitness that satisfies the first and second constraints and is determined based on the reciprocal of the objective function is selected for decoding to obtain the associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display, and to generate the optimal road traffic warning strategy.

[0085] S37: Based on the associated roads and the execution time period of the road traffic guidance display used in the road traffic warning strategy, generate road traffic warning information containing road traffic guidance display information and send it to several guardrail status monitoring terminals on the associated roads.

[0086] In this embodiment, the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area is first obtained from the cloud (recording the proportion of traffic flow merging into each road at different times, such as 30% of the traffic flow merging from XX branch road into the main road during the morning peak). The merging data in this historical traffic flow topology map can be estimated based on the typical time period vehicle traffic direction and number sampled at traffic checkpoints (e.g., through image acquisition and AI recognition). Then, it is combined with the remaining battery power of each node in the alarm signal, the power consumption of the first unit of time when the terminal is displaying (e.g., 50mAh / h), the power consumption of the second unit of time when the terminal is not displaying (e.g., 10mAh / h), and the current maintenance cycle (e.g., 15 days remaining). Subsequently, the accident handling time (e.g., 2 hours) is estimated, combined with the current proportion of merging traffic flow and the accident... Therefore, based on the percentage decrease in road traffic efficiency, preliminary planning is made for related roads (such as possible detours) and display time periods. The first constraint is that the sum of the merging ratios of traffic flow from related roads must be greater than or equal to the percentage decrease in efficiency of the accident road (to ensure effective traffic management, such as a merging ratio of ≥ 65%). The second constraint is that the remaining power of the nodes after display must meet the maintenance cycle requirements (to ensure that the equipment can be used until the next maintenance). The optimization objective is to minimize the variance of the remaining power of each node (to avoid excessive power consumption by some nodes). A genetic algorithm is used to select the chromosome with the highest fitness that satisfies the first and second constraints and is determined based on the reciprocal of the optimization objective function. The optimal solution is then decoded to generate the optimal road traffic warning strategy. Finally, based on the strategy, road traffic warning information containing related roads, display time periods, and guidance content is generated.

[0087] As is easily understood, this embodiment obtains road traffic warning information containing associated roads, display time periods, and guidance content through an optimized algorithm. This can ensure effective traffic flow management in accident areas while avoiding insufficient battery life of the terminal due to display execution, reducing the frequency of manual maintenance, and achieving the optimal balance between traffic management effect and equipment battery life.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period is sufficient for the current guardrail maintenance cycle. Specifically, the remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display is less than the power consumption value of the road traffic guidance display determined by the duration of the corresponding execution period during the road accident handling period and the power consumption value of the first unit duration. This power consumption value is greater than the normal power consumption value of guardrail status monitoring determined by the duration of the period from the road accident handling period to the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle and the power consumption value of the second unit duration.

[0089] It should be noted that this embodiment clearly defines the standard for the battery life required to meet the current guardrail maintenance cycle: the current battery life (in mAh) of the guardrail terminal to be displayed is calculated by subtracting the power consumption value per unit of the display period from the duration of the display period × the power consumption value per unit of the first unit of the display period (total power consumption during the display phase). The result must be greater than the remaining duration of the period from the time of the incident handling to the time of maintenance × the power consumption value per unit of the second unit of the display period (total power consumption during the normal monitoring phase). The formula can be expressed as: current battery life - (display duration × first power consumption) > (remaining maintenance period × second power consumption). This ensures that the terminal can still support the next maintenance after the display is executed, avoiding power outages in the middle.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, causing the associated guardrail nodes to execute the road traffic guidance display steps, specifically including:

[0091] S41: The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the associated road and the execution time period of the road traffic guidance display used for the road traffic warning information to the guardrail status monitoring terminal of the corresponding associated guardrail node through the guardrail status monitoring gateway;

[0092] S42: Drive the guardrail status monitoring terminal to control the road traffic warning information display device configured at the guardrail node to display relevant road traffic guidance information for detours to the location of the road accident.

[0093] In this embodiment, the guardrail status monitoring cloud forwards the associated road signs, display time period, and guidance content (such as detour direction) in the road traffic warning information to the monitoring terminal of the corresponding associated guardrail node via the guardrail status monitoring gateway. After receiving the instruction, the terminal drives the road traffic warning information display device (such as LED indicator panel, electronic screen) configured on the guardrail through the internal control module to display the detour guidance information for the accident road (such as "Accident on XX Road ahead, it is recommended to detour via XX branch road") according to the specified time period, thus completing the physical implementation of the traffic guidance and ensuring that the traffic diversion plan generated by the cloud can be accurately transmitted to the associated guardrail terminal. The visual display guides vehicles to detour, directly improving the traffic diversion efficiency in the accident area.

[0094] Therefore, this invention proposes a guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication. Multi-mode communication adapts to different environments, ensuring stable data transmission. A six-axis sensor and solar power supply improve sensing accuracy and equipment endurance. Through dual-constraint optimization of traffic flow management and equipment endurance, the method balances traffic management effectiveness with maintenance costs, ultimately significantly shortening accident response time, reducing the risk of secondary congestion in accident areas, decreasing the probability of rescue vehicles being obstructed, and reducing the maintenance frequency of guardrail monitoring terminals. This comprehensively improves the resilience and management efficiency of urban road traffic operations. While ensuring the guardrail status monitoring terminal's endurance meets maintenance cycle requirements, it enhances the self-mitigation capability of urban roads in the face of traffic accidents, preventing further congestion on accident-affected roads that could obstruct rescue and ambulance vehicles, and avoiding situations where prolonged congestion on accident-affected roads reduces road traffic efficiency. This achieves high-precision road guardrail status monitoring, accurate road accident detection, and reasonable selection of road traffic guidance information display location and time periods, resolving the contradiction between the operation of traffic guidance functions and endurance assurance.

[0095] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, the guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication proposed in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0097] The receiving module 10 is used for the guardrail status monitoring gateway to receive the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal in the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information;

[0098] The judgment module 20 is used to judge the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, and generate road accident information.

[0099] The generation module 30 is used to extract the location and type of road accident from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. This drives the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle.

[0100] Display module 40 is used to send the road traffic warning information from the guardrail status monitoring cloud to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, thereby driving the associated guardrail nodes to display road traffic guidance.

[0101] Other embodiments or specific implementations of the guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication of the present invention can be referred to the above-described method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] It is understood that in the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "other embodiments," or "first embodiment to Nth embodiment," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0104] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the status of guardrails based on multimode communication, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The guardrail status monitoring gateway receives the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information; Based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area is determined, and road accident information is generated. Extract the location and type of road accident from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. Drive the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, causing the associated guardrail nodes to display road traffic guidance.

2. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of the guardrail status monitoring gateway receiving the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area, the method further includes: Based on the environmental information of the area where each guardrail node is located within the target area, a guardrail status monitoring terminal with a communication module that meets the communication characteristics is configured for each guardrail node; wherein, the communication module includes a Zigbee communication module, a LoRa communication module and a 433MHz radio frequency module; Based on the configuration location of each guardrail status monitoring terminal, several guardrail status monitoring gateways using multi-mode communication are set up in the target area; wherein, the guardrail status monitoring gateway is configured to have a Zigbee receiver module, a LoRa receiver module and a 433MHz receiver module, and is configured with a UART interface for data transmission between the Zigbee receiver module and the 433MHz receiver module and an SPI interface for data transmission between the 433MHz receiver module and the LoRa receiver module.

3. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each guardrail status monitoring terminal is equipped with a guardrail status sensor and a solar-powered energy storage module. The guardrail status sensor is configured as a six-axis sensor with tilt angle change monitoring and acceleration monitoring functions, and the solar power supply energy storage module is configured to include an energy storage battery, a solar panel and a solar charging energy storage management circuit. The guardrail status information includes guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and battery life parameters output by the solar charging and energy storage management circuit, all collected by the guardrail status sensor.

4. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The steps for the guardrail status monitoring gateway to receive guardrail node status data from each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area include: Each guardrail status monitoring terminal extracts guardrail status information from the guardrail status information stream collected by the guardrail status sensor, and sends the guardrail status information and the battery life value output in real time by the solar charging energy storage management circuit to the guardrail status monitoring gateway. The guardrail status monitoring gateway, based on the guardrail status information and battery life values ​​from different communication modules, determines the guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information sent by the guardrail status monitoring terminal according to the binding relationship between the communication module and the corresponding guardrail status monitoring terminal.

5. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the guardrail status of each guardrail node within the target area and generating road accident information based on guardrail node identifiers and guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information specifically include: Using the guardrail tilt angle change parameters and guardrail acceleration parameters of each guardrail node received, abnormal nodes are extracted from several guardrail nodes in the target area. Based on the guardrail tilt angle change parameters, guardrail acceleration parameters, and guardrail node identification of each abnormal node, and the guardrail node location information pre-stored in the guardrail status monitoring gateway, a road accident guardrail feature set is constructed. The road accident guardrail feature set is then input into the road accident prediction model to identify the location and type of road accidents in the target area. Based on the location and type of road accidents in the target area, generate road accident information.

6. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps involved in extracting the location and type of road accidents from road accident information, generating a road accident level, and sending the road accident level along with the remaining battery power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud include: Extract the location and type of the road accident from the road accident information, and generate the road accident level based on a preset mapping table between road accident elements and the percentage decrease in road traffic efficiency; The percentage decrease in road traffic efficiency and the remaining battery power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information are used as road traffic alarm signals for road accidents and sent to the guardrail status monitoring cloud.

7. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cloud-based guardrail status monitoring system generates road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The specific steps include: The guardrail status monitoring cloud acquires the historical traffic flow topology map of the target area; wherein, the historical traffic flow topology map records the traffic flow inflow ratio of each road to several inflow roads at different times; The guardrail status monitoring cloud system calculates the battery life of each guardrail node based on the received road traffic alarm signal, the battery consumption of each guardrail node's status monitoring terminal during the first unit of time when executing road traffic guidance and the battery consumption of the second unit of time when not executing road traffic guidance, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. Based on the road accident level in the received road traffic alarm signal, the guardrail status monitoring cloud estimates the road accident handling time period. It considers the traffic flow merging ratio of several merging roads at the current time and the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. It then plans the associated roads and the execution time period for the road traffic guidance display among several associated roads of the road where the road accident is located. The first constraint is that the sum of the traffic flow merging ratios of the associated roads where several guardrail nodes planned to perform road traffic guidance display are located at each moment during the road accident handling period is not less than the road traffic efficiency reduction ratio of the road where the road accident is located. The second constraint is that the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period meets the battery life of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The objective function is the variance of the remaining battery power of the guardrail status monitoring terminal of each guardrail node planned to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period. The associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display are used as decision variables. The genetic algorithm encodes the decision variable combination into chromosomes. Through iterative screening of multiple generations of chromosomes, the chromosome with the highest fitness that satisfies the first and second constraints and is determined based on the reciprocal of the objective function is selected for decoding to obtain the associated roads and the execution period of the road traffic guidance display, thus generating the optimal road traffic warning strategy. Based on the associated roads and the execution time period of the road traffic warning strategy used to perform the road traffic guidance display, road traffic warning information containing road traffic guidance display information is generated and sent to several guardrail status monitoring terminals on the associated roads.

8. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multimode communication as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node designated to perform road traffic guidance display after the road accident handling period is sufficient for the current guardrail maintenance cycle. Specifically, the remaining battery life of the guardrail status monitoring terminal for each guardrail node designated to perform road traffic guidance display is less than the battery consumption value of the road traffic guidance display determined by the duration of the corresponding execution period during the road accident handling period and the battery consumption value of the first unit of time. This is greater than the normal battery consumption value of guardrail status monitoring determined by the duration of the period from the road accident handling period to the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle and the battery consumption value of the second unit of time.

9. The guardrail status monitoring method based on multi-mode communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the road traffic warning information to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, instructing the associated guardrail nodes to execute the road traffic guidance display steps, specifically including: The guardrail status monitoring cloud sends the associated roads and the execution time period of the road traffic guidance display used in the road traffic warning information to the guardrail status monitoring terminal of the corresponding associated guardrail node via the guardrail status monitoring gateway; The guardrail status monitoring terminal controls the road traffic warning information display device configured at the guardrail node to display relevant road traffic guidance information for detours to the location of road accidents.

10. A guardrail status monitoring system based on multimode communication, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used by the guardrail status monitoring gateway to receive the guardrail node status sent by each guardrail status monitoring terminal within the target area; wherein, the guardrail node status includes guardrail node identifier and guardrail status information; The judgment module is used to determine the guardrail status of each guardrail node in the target area based on the guardrail node identifier and the guardrail posture parameters in the guardrail status information, and generate road accident information. The generation module is used to extract the location and type of road accidents from the road accident information, generate the road accident level, and send the road accident level and the remaining power value of each guardrail node in the guardrail status information to the guardrail status monitoring cloud. This drives the guardrail status monitoring cloud to generate road traffic warning information based on the historical traffic flow of the target area, the topology map, and the maintenance time of the current guardrail maintenance cycle. The display module is used to send the road traffic warning information from the guardrail status monitoring cloud to the associated guardrail nodes via the guardrail status monitoring gateway, thereby driving the associated guardrail nodes to display road traffic guidance.

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