A negative pressure drip irrigation device and drip irrigation system

Abstract

The application relates to the field of drip irrigation technology, in particular to a negative pressure drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation system. The device comprises tank bodies which are connected through hoses, the hose bodies are provided with perforations, and the device further comprises air inlet warehouses which are arranged at the top ends of the tank bodies, are communicated with the tank bodies, and are provided with air holes at the top ends; the device further comprises closing heads which are matched with the air holes, are inserted into the air holes, are hollow, are composed of soft materials, are provided with air holes at the top ends, and are radially extended at the bottom ends to form retaining rings; the device further comprises air closing assemblies which are inserted into the air holes and seal the interiors of the closing heads; and the device further comprises fixing assemblies which are arranged at the bottom ends of the tank bodies, are provided with pointed bottoms, are provided with water dripping holes at the bottoms, and are used for connecting the interiors and the exteriors of the tank bodies. The application has the effects of reducing the implementation cost of the negative pressure drip irrigation technology and improving the performance-cost ratio of the drip irrigation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drip irrigation technology, and in particular to a negative pressure drip irrigation device and drip irrigation system. Background Technology

[0002] Drip irrigation is a highly efficient and water-saving irrigation method with advantages including significant water conservation, increased yield and quality, and adaptability to complex terrain. Negative pressure drip irrigation is a type of drip irrigation technology that uses negative pressure (suction) to control irrigation, allowing water to seep out of the system only when the crop needs it, thus achieving on-demand water supply.

[0003] The most common application is drip irrigation using plastic bottles. A hole is drilled in the bottom of the bottle, which is then filled with nutrient solution. The bottle is inserted into the soil near the plant and the cap is tightened. Due to the lack of air inside the bottle, the nutrient solution cannot flow out of the hole under negative pressure. However, air slowly seeps in through the gap between the cap and the bottle, causing the pressure to drop and the nutrient solution to gradually flow out. This method of controlling the drip rate can maintain saturated soil for a longer period, eliminating the need for watering. However, the cost-effectiveness of negative pressure drip irrigation technology is currently relatively low. For large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises with ample funds, negative pressure drip irrigation technology is more advanced. For small agricultural enterprises or individual growers, to save on cultivation costs, they still use traditional methods of manual watering or manually operated watering equipment, which is less efficient.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to make destructured and automated improvements to the existing negative pressure drip irrigation system, which is in demand in the market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the implementation cost of negative pressure drip irrigation technology and improve the cost-effectiveness of drip irrigation devices, this application provides a negative pressure drip irrigation device and drip irrigation system.

[0006] On the one hand, the negative pressure drip irrigation device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A negative pressure drip irrigation device includes tanks connected to each other via flexible hoses, the hoses having perforations, and further includes:

[0008] An air intake chamber is located at the top of the tank and is connected to the inside of the tank. An air vent is provided at the top of the air intake chamber.

[0009] A sealing head, the size of which is adapted to the air hole, is inserted into the air hole. The sealing head is hollow and made of soft material. An air hole is opened at the top of the sealing head, and the bottom of the sealing head extends radially to form a retaining ring.

[0010] An air-sealing component is inserted into the air hole to seal the inside of the sealing head;

[0011] A fixing component is disposed at the bottom of the tank body, with the bottom being a pointed shape. The bottom of the fixing component is a pointed shape and has a drip hole for connecting the inside and outside of the tank body.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the tank is set as the main structural component of negative pressure irrigation. The tank is inserted into the soil through a fixing component. The inside of the tank is hollow and used to store water (or nutrient solution). The water storage capacity is determined by the size of the tank. The stored water flows out from the drip hole of the fixing component at the bottom of the tank, thus forming the basic structure of the entire drip irrigation device.

[0013] Unlike existing technologies, this solution features an air intake chamber at the top of the tank. The air intake chamber is smaller than the tank itself and is connected to the tank, forming a single drip irrigation unit. When the tank is full of water, the air intake chamber should also be full, squeezing out air from both the tank and the chamber. An air vent is located at the top of the air intake chamber. During regular drip irrigation, air enters through the air intake chamber, reducing the negative pressure inside the tank and the entire unit. Under gravity, water gradually drips from the tank into the soil, while water from the air intake chamber flows into the tank. In this solution, a sealing head is inserted into the air vent at the top of the air intake chamber, creating a sealed chamber. Furthermore, the sealing head is hollow and made of a soft material. During tank production, the sealing head is filled with air, and the sealing head is closed by an air-sealing component at its bottom, preventing gas leakage. The sealing head can maintain its expanded size for an extended period, and when inserted into the air vent at the top of the air intake chamber, it can seal the chamber for a long time.

[0014] Therefore, since the tanks are connected by hoses, in practical applications, water or nutrient solution can be pumped into one of the tanks near the edge of the farm or field using a water pump. The water will then flow into other tanks through the hoses connecting the tanks until all tanks are full of water. Taking one tank as an example, after the water enters the tank and fills the inside, the water pump continues to operate, and the water enters the air intake chamber at the top of the tank and fills the air intake chamber and the part where the air intake chamber is connected to the tank. The air originally inside the tank and the air intake chamber is squeezed into the air intake chamber at the top of the tank. Under the action of air pressure and water flow, the sealing head is pushed upward, so that the retaining ring of the sealing head is pressed against the top wall of the air intake chamber, and the air intake chamber and the tank are sealed.

[0015] During the water filling process described above, the continuous operation of the water pump during the filling of one of the tanks, and the continued operation of the water pump after the tanks are full, inevitably causes water to spray out from the hoses between the tanks, wetting the hoses and the soil near the tanks. Therefore, drip irrigation is not required for a period of time after multiple tanks are filled with water. However, during the period of water filling in the tanks, the soft material of the sealing head increases the friction between it and the inner wall of the air inlet vent, making it difficult for airflow to enter. Therefore, the negative pressure in the tanks is difficult to decrease for a period of time after the water filling is completed, and drip irrigation will not occur. Therefore, by setting an air inlet at the top of the tank and inserting a sealing head made of soft material (such as rubber or resin) at the top of the air inlet, the drip irrigation time of the drip irrigation device is extended. The structures in the above scheme do not involve costly automated control components, which greatly improves the cost-effectiveness of the drip irrigation device.

[0016] During continuous drip irrigation of the tank, the air-sealing component is inserted into the vent. The choice of air-sealing component is not unique; components such as airtight cores can be used to achieve slow venting, or heat-sensitive components can be used. These components expand and seal during the day when heated, and contract at night when cooled, opening a tiny gap to allow gas to leak out. Regardless of the method used, the sealing head will decrease in volume during certain periods, increasing the gap between the sealing head and the vent, gradually allowing air to enter the air inlet chamber and reducing the negative pressure between the tank and the air inlet chamber. It is recommended to use heat-sensitive materials, preferably rubber, and utilize the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to achieve recycling, eliminating the need to re-inject air into the sealing head after each water filling. Regardless of the method used, slow venting is necessary to control the rate of volume reduction of the sealing head.

[0017] The fixing component is located at the bottom of the tank. The pointed end allows the tank to be stably inserted into the soil. It is recommended that the drip hole of the fixing component be opened at the end of the pointed part. The fixing component is of a preset length so that the drip hole can stably drip water or nutrient solution onto the plant roots.

[0018] Optionally, the side wall of the air intake chamber is provided with a connecting pipe, through which the air intake chamber is connected;

[0019] The distance between the connecting pipe and the inner top wall of the air intake chamber is less than the length of the sealing head.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting pipe connects the air inlet chamber to the tank. The connecting pipe can be a single bidirectional pipe or multiple pipes. Multiple connecting pipes can ensure that there is a unidirectional water flow input and output between the air inlet chamber and the tank. All of them can be selected in practical applications.

[0021] It should be noted that in the above scheme, the connecting pipe is set at a preset height from the top wall of the air inlet chamber, so that the distance between the connecting pipe and the top wall of the air inlet chamber is less than the length of the sealing head. Thus, during negative pressure drip irrigation, the airflow gradually enters the air inlet chamber, and the water in the air inlet chamber flows downward into the tank under the action of gravity. When the water level in the air inlet chamber drops below the connecting pipe, the air can directly enter the tank through the air hole without passing through the air inlet chamber. After that, the water level in the air inlet chamber no longer drops. Therefore, since the length of the sealing head is greater than the distance between the connecting pipe and the top wall of the air inlet chamber, the sealing head can still maintain the seal on the air hole under the action of water buoyancy after the water level in the air inlet chamber stops dropping.

[0022] The water in the air intake chamber is stored until the next water refill, in order to reduce the air volume of the tank and air intake chamber as a whole.

[0023] Optionally, the fixing component includes:

[0024] Multiple fixing rods are vertically installed at the bottom of the tank. The bottom cross-sectional radius of each fixing rod is smaller than the top cross-sectional radius. The drip hole is opened at the bottom of the fixing rod.

[0025] The protective cylinder is vertically installed and fitted onto the fixing rod in a one-to-one correspondence. The top of the protective cylinder is located at the bottom of the tank body. The thickness of the bottom side of the protective cylinder wall is less than the thickness of the top side of the cylinder wall, and the length of the protective cylinder is less than the length of the fixing rod.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, a vertically downward fixing rod is set at the bottom of the tank and a hole is opened at the bottom of the fixing rod instead of opening a hole at the bottom of the tank in the traditional solution. This allows water to be delivered directly into the preset soil depth, improving drip irrigation efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the fixing rods are vertically downward, and multiple fixing rods serve as the bottom extension structure of the tank. When the fixing rods are inserted into the soil, they can enhance the stability of the tank and prevent it from collapsing in severe weather. On this basis, the bottom tip of the fixing rods is designed to facilitate personnel to directly insert them into the soil, saving time and effort.

[0028] Furthermore, since the fixing rod is used for drip irrigation, and the actual fixing rod is a tubular structure with an internal drip irrigation channel, if it bends under external force in severe weather, it will block the drip irrigation channel at the bend, causing damage and leading to the failure of the drip irrigation device. Therefore, in the above solution, multiple fixing rods are set, and the multiple fixing rods are distributed along the bottom of the tank to share the external force, greatly reducing the probability of a single fixing rod bending. In addition, in the above solution, a protective sleeve is installed on each fixing rod to increase the width of the part of the fixing component inserted into the soil, further improving the stability of the tank.

[0029] The bottom side of the protective cylinder wall is narrow and blade-shaped. The blade shape makes it easy to insert the fixing rod and protective cylinder at the bottom of the tank into the soil, which not only facilitates the insertion but also improves the stability of the tank and the drip irrigation efficiency of the tank.

[0030] Optionally, the fixing component further includes:

[0031] A bottom rod is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the tank, at both ends of the tank in a diametrical direction, and extends radially along the tank. The bottom rod is hollow, and a hole is provided at the end of the bottom rod away from the tank to connect the hose.

[0032] The bottom wall of the base rod is provided with a water injection head, which is connected to the bottom of the base rod.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, a bottom rod is installed at the bottom of the tank side wall to enhance the stability of the tank.

[0034] Furthermore, to ensure stability, the bottom rod should be set at a preset height. When the fixing rod at the bottom of the tank is inserted into the soil, the bottom rod is placed on the soil surface to provide support, increase the contact area between the bottom of the tank and the soil, and further enhance stability.

[0035] Based on this, when the base rod is placed in the soil, the water injection head on the bottom wall of the base rod is inserted into the soil, increasing the drip irrigation area. The necessity of this structure lies in the fact that, unlike existing technologies, the air intake chamber is set up, and the air exchange between the inside and outside of the air intake chamber is greatly restricted by the closed head on the air intake chamber, thereby greatly reducing the drip irrigation speed. Therefore, increasing the drip irrigation area on the basis of the low-speed irrigation scheme can ensure the drip irrigation effect, that is, less drip irrigation but effective drip irrigation. Therefore, in practical applications, the bottom end of the water injection head should be set in a pointed shape to facilitate its insertion into the soil surface layer, and together with the fixing rod for deep water injection, deep and shallow drip irrigation can be achieved simultaneously.

[0036] Furthermore, the hose connection between the tanks is located at the end of the bottom rod. The bottom rod is hollowed out to provide a water delivery channel from the hose to the inside of the tank. The necessity of this structure is to avoid the hose being directly connected to the tank. The pipe structure allows the hose to extend a greater length, ensuring the stability of the hose connection, that is, maintaining a stable connection between the hose and the tank under the high pressure of the water injection equipment.

[0037] In the above scheme, there is more than one set of bottom rods. Two bottom rods distributed at both ends of the diameter of one section of the tank body constitute one set, and multiple sets can be distributed at equal intervals along the outer wall of the tank body.

[0038] Optionally, the sealing head is open at both ends and is tubular, and a one-way valve is provided inside the sealing head, with the flow direction of the one-way valve being upward.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, a sealing head with a one-way valve is used to replace the original sealing head. The original sealing head is used to seal the air inlet chamber and maintain negative pressure inside the air inlet chamber and tank. However, if all tanks use the same structure, it is impossible to indicate when the tank will be full during water injection. Therefore, in practical applications, the above solution needs to be adopted for the tank at the end of the water injection direction among multiple connected tanks. Thus, after the tank is filled with water, the water flows out of the air inlet chamber through the one-way valve. Personnel in front of the water injection equipment such as water pumps can turn off the water injection equipment when they observe a thin stream of water.

[0040] Considering the original design intent, the installation cost of closed check valves is relatively high; therefore, check valves cannot be used exclusively.

[0041] Optionally, the radius of the top section of the closed head is smaller than the radius of the bottom section;

[0042] The pore walls are inclined to accommodate the size of the sealing head;

[0043] The closed head has multiple spherical grooves on its sidewall.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing head used to block the air vents and seal the air inlet chamber is set as a cone shape that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The wall of the air vent is adapted to the cone shape of the sealing head so as to fit the side of the sealing head and maintain the sealing performance of the sealing head to the air inlet chamber.

[0045] In the above scheme, the sealing head is set as a cone shape and the air hole is set as an inclined side wall structure that fits the cone shape. During daily drip irrigation, the falling speed of the sealing head is accelerated. That is, the cone-shaped insertion structure of the sealing head and the air hole is more sensitive to the volume shrinkage of the sealing head under the action of gravity, which is suitable for outdoor scenarios where plants have a large water requirement.

[0046] Furthermore, multiple spherical grooves for storing gas are opened on the side wall of the conical sealing head. On the one hand, the opening of the spherical grooves makes the side wall of the sealing head uneven, increasing the surface friction of the sealing head and ensuring the sealing effect of the air inlet chamber. On the other hand, the inside of the spherical grooves is used to store air. During the water injection process, the water flow quickly fills the air inlet chamber, and the sealing head is pushed upward by the high-pressure gas inside the chamber. When the sealing head is pushed, the gas enters the spherical grooves. When the sealing head is pushed to the top of the air inlet chamber, part of the sealing head is exposed to the outside, and the bottom part of the sealing head is attached to the wall of the air hole, sealing the gas in the spherical grooves. Thus, during the descent of the sealing head, the gas in the spherical grooves gradually enters the air inlet chamber, causing the negative pressure in the air inlet chamber to decrease stepwise. This is more beneficial to drip irrigation than the existing technology.

[0047] The above-mentioned spherical groove design can also be applied to cylindrical closed head structures.

[0048] On the other hand, this invention discloses a negative pressure drip irrigation system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0049] A negative pressure drip irrigation system, using the negative pressure drip irrigation device, includes no less than four negative pressure drip irrigation devices, with multiple negative pressure drip irrigation devices forming a row, and multiple rows in total;

[0050] Also includes:

[0051] The support rods are horizontally arranged, with multiple rods parallel to each other at a preset height above the soil surface. The multiple support rods and multiple rows of negative pressure drip irrigation devices are distributed alternately, and the support rods overlap the hoses.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the negative pressure drip irrigation system consists of at least four negative pressure irrigation devices. The negative pressure irrigation devices must be used in sufficient quantities to surround the entire irrigation area. In this irrigation area, multiple negative pressure irrigation devices are interconnected through hoses and bottom rods between tanks. Water or nutrient solution inside the negative pressure irrigation device is dripped through the drip holes at the bottom of the fixed rod, the holes on the hose, and the holes on the bottom rod to achieve full coverage of the area.

[0053] Furthermore, by using support rods to elevate the hoses, and in conjunction with the above-mentioned scheme where the bottom rod delivers water to the soil surface and the fixing rod delivers water to the crop roots in the soil, the hoses drip water into the part between the tanks and onto the soil surface, thus achieving multi-level, three-dimensional drip irrigation.

[0054] It is important to note that in practical applications, among multiple negative pressure drip irrigation devices, one needs to be selected as the water injection tank. Its bottom rod is connected to the water injection head to inject water into the entire negative pressure drip irrigation system. The tank that is furthest away from the water injection tank is equipped with a one-way valve structure for water outlet, i.e., the end of the water delivery line. It is necessary to ensure that the straight-line distance is the furthest to avoid the liquid impact force getting stuck in the middle part during the water injection process, and at the same time to prevent the water flow from going back to the middle water injection tank, thus saving the energy consumption of the water injection equipment.

[0055] Optionally, each of the tanks may have no fewer than two and no more than four hoses.

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, the tanks inside the drip irrigation system are connected to each other through flexible hoses. These hoses act as pipes, facilitating both water filling and drip irrigation. Therefore, to ensure the drip irrigation area, the number of hoses cannot be too small. Too few hoses will reduce the connectivity between tanks. If a tank is connected to other tanks only by one hose, not only will the water pressure be concentrated on that single hose, but too few hoses will also lead to incomplete drip irrigation coverage and reduced drip irrigation efficiency. Conversely, too many hoses will reduce the stability of the tank-hose connection and make the tank prone to air leakage. Therefore, limiting the number of tanks and hoses connected in practical applications is extremely necessary.

[0057] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0058] 1. Utilizing the "airbag" effect of the soft sealing head and air-tight component, water pressure presses the sealing head tightly against the air vents during the water injection phase, achieving a complete seal. After water injection, the gas inside the sealing head slowly depressurizes through heat-sensitive or microporous methods, gradually reducing its volume. Air then enters the air inlet chamber, the negative pressure slowly decreases, and drip irrigation begins. Therefore, the "water injection process" and the "drip irrigation process" are naturally separated, avoiding excessive soil moisture and nutrient loss caused by drip irrigation immediately after water injection.

[0059] 2. Since there are no electronic components, there are no issues such as battery aging or circuit failure, and the maintenance cost is close to zero. The entire switching process does not require manual intervention or electronically controlled valves, thus achieving low cost.

[0060] 3. The fixed rod penetrates deep into the main root distribution layer (deep irrigation), the water injection head of the protective cylinder forms a moistening front in the shallow layer (shallow irrigation), and the perforated hose continuously replenishes water to the soil surface (surface irrigation). The three layers work simultaneously, which can expand the effective wetting volume without increasing the flow rate, solving the problem that traditional negative pressure osmotherers can only supply water at a single point and a single depth. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drip irrigation device in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0062] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a vertical sectional view of the air intake chamber in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed head in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the one-way valve in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a vertical sectional view of the fixing rod in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed head in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drip irrigation system in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0069] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tank body; 11. Bottom rod; 12. Water injection head; 13. Protective cylinder; 14. Fixing rod; 15. Drip hole; 2. Air inlet chamber; 21. Air inlet; 22. Sealing head; 23. Air vent; 24. Sealing assembly; 25. One-way valve; 26. Retaining ring; 27. Spherical groove; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail. Example

[0071] Embodiment 1 of this application discloses a negative pressure drip irrigation device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A negative pressure drip irrigation device includes a tank 1, which is prismatic or cylindrical, hollow, and used to store water or nutrient solution, forming the main structure of the drip irrigation device. The tank 1 has horizontally positioned ends, and an air inlet chamber 2 is provided on its top surface. The air inlet chamber 2 is also prismatic or cylindrical, hollow, and its volume is smaller than that of the tank 1, or preferably, less than one-quarter of the tank 1's volume. Connecting pipes 3 are provided on opposite sides of the air inlet chamber 2, or at both ends of a diameter of the cylindrical air inlet chamber 2. The connecting pipes 3 connect the air inlet chamber 2 and the tank 1, and are designed to be integrally formed with the air inlet chamber 2 and the tank 1 to avoid air leakage due to unstable connection between the connecting pipe 3 and the air inlet chamber 2 and the tank 1 caused by external connecting pipes. Thus, the air inlet chamber 2, through the connecting pipes 3, and the tank 1, forms a sealed and complete drip irrigation system.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The air inlet chamber 2 has an air vent at its top, which serves as an air circulation channel connecting the entire drip irrigation system to the outside world. After the tank 1 and air inlet chamber 2 are filled with water, outside air enters through the air vent to reduce the negative pressure inside the tank, allowing the water to slowly drip into the soil. The difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that the air vent is located on the top surface of the air inlet chamber 2, rather than directly on the top surface of the tank 1. The air inlet chamber 2 is considered a negative pressure buffer structure. Airflow enters and reduces the negative pressure inside the small-volume air inlet chamber 2, then acts on the large-volume tank 1, thereby improving the accuracy of drip irrigation speed control. This allows users to more accurately control the drip irrigation duration and speed. Therefore, it is necessary for the volume of the air inlet chamber 2 to be less than one-quarter the volume of the tank 1.

[0073] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3A sealing head 22 is inserted into the vent. The sealing head 22 is cylindrical and its size is adapted to the size of the vent, so that the sealing head 22 can seal the vent precisely when inserted into it. To improve the sealing performance of the sealing head 22, it is made of a soft material, such as rubber or resin, with rubber being preferred. Rubber is also a heat-sensitive material and is more sensitive to thermal expansion and contraction. Compared with other materials, it has a larger coefficient of expansion and contraction under the same temperature difference. The periodic expansion and contraction during the day and night can serve as a physical principle for controlling the negative pressure inside the tank. A retaining ring 26 extends radially from the bottom of the sealing head 22 to prevent the sealing head 22 from detaching from the air inlet chamber 2.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 The connecting pipe 3 is set at a preset height from the top wall of the air inlet chamber 2. The distance between the connecting pipe 3 and the top wall of the air inlet chamber 2 is less than the length of the sealing head 22. Thus, during negative pressure drip irrigation, the airflow gradually enters the air inlet chamber 2. The water in the air inlet chamber 2 flows downward into the tank 1 under the action of gravity. When the water level in the air inlet chamber 2 drops below the connecting pipe 3, the air can directly enter the tank 1 through the air hole without passing through the air inlet chamber 2. After that, the water level in the air inlet chamber 2 no longer drops. Therefore, since the length of the sealing head 22 is greater than the distance between the connecting pipe 3 and the top wall of the air inlet chamber 2, the sealing head 22 can still keep the air hole closed under the action of water buoyancy after the water level in the air inlet chamber 2 stops dropping.

[0075] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sealed head 22 is hollow inside; when filled with air, it acts as an airbag. An air vent 23 is located at the top of the sealed head 22, serving as the only channel between the sealed head 22 and the external environment. The soft-material sealed head 22 releases air through the air vent 23. A sealing component 24 is provided on the sealed head 22 to seal the air vent 23, maintaining a sealed state. The sealing component 24 can be a pin, inserted into the air vent 23, allowing the gas inside the sealed head 22 to slowly release through the channel between the air vent 23 and the pin. As the rubber-material sealed head 22 gradually decreases in size, its sealing effect on the air intake chamber 2 weakens, thereby gradually reducing the negative pressure inside the air intake chamber 2.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 Alternatively, the sealing component can be a gas check valve 25 installed inside the sealed head 22. Specifically, the sealed head 22 is opened at both ends, making the sealed head 22 tubular in shape, forming a channel for installing the check valve 25. The check valve 25 is snapped into the sealed head 22, with the flow direction of the check valve 25 facing upward. Water and air inside the air intake chamber 2 can be sprayed outward from the gas check valve 25, while air from the outside cannot enter the air intake chamber 2 from the gas check valve 25.

[0077] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6The bottom of the tank 1 is equipped with a fixing assembly, which includes multiple vertical fixing rods 14 installed at the bottom of the tank 1. The fixing rods 14 are hollow and tubular inside, with holes at their tops where they connect to the bottom of the tank 1, allowing the interior of the fixing rods 14 to communicate with the interior of the tank 1. Drip holes are provided at the bottom of the fixing rods 14, allowing water from inside the tank 1 to drip into the soil through these holes. In this embodiment, the fixing rods 14 are of a predetermined length, allowing water from inside the tank 1 to be directly transported to the plant roots through the holes at the bottom of the fixing rods 14. In this embodiment, the radius of the bottom end of the fixing rods 14 is smaller than the radius of the top end, making the bottom end of the fixing rods 14 tapered, facilitating the insertion of the bottom of the fixing rods 14 into the soil. Each fixing rod 14 is fitted with a protective sleeve 13, the top of which is integrally formed into the outer bottom wall of the tank 1. The bottom side of the protective sleeve 13 is pointed, facilitating the insertion of the protective sleeve into the soil. Therefore, when the tank 1 is tilted by external force during the drip irrigation process, the side wall of the protective cylinder 13 serves as the main pressure-bearing part, preventing the protective cylinder 13 from bending due to the tilt of the tank 1.

[0078] Looking back Figure 1 The fixing assembly also includes bottom rods 11 disposed at the bottom end of the tank body 1. Multiple bottom rods 11 are horizontally arranged, with circumferentially evenly spaced on both sides of the bottom rod 11, and the number of bottom rods 11 is no less than two and no more than four. The bottom rods 11 are horizontally arranged prismatic in shape, with their bottom surfaces flush with the bottom surface of the tank body 1, and their length direction extending radially away from the tank body 1. This allows the bottom rods 11 to act as a supporting structure at the bottom of the tank body 1, forming a support surface and improving the stability of the tank body 1. The bottom rods 11 are hollowed out internally and are integrally formed with the tank body 1. The portion connecting the bottom rods 11 to the tank body 1 has through holes, allowing the bottom rods 11, tank body 1, and air inlet chamber 2 to form a complete drip irrigation system. Multiple water injection heads 12 are vertically installed on the bottom wall of the base rod 11, connecting to the interior of the base rod 11. The water injection heads 12 protrude from the bottom wall of the base rod 11. As the negative pressure inside the irrigation system gradually decreases, the water injection heads 12 drip water from inside the base rod 11 into the soil. The water injection heads 12 are evenly distributed along the length of the base rod 11, increasing the drip irrigation area. The length of the water injection heads 12 is the same as the preset length, allowing water to be delivered below the soil surface when the base rod 11 is placed on the soil surface, providing shallow irrigation. Combined with the fixed rod 14 for deep irrigation, this achieves three-dimensional, multi-layer drip irrigation, improving the practicality of the negative pressure drip irrigation device.

[0079] The implementation principle of a negative pressure drip irrigation device in Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: the tank 1 is the main structural component of negative pressure irrigation. The tank 1 is inserted into the soil through a fixing rod 14 and a protective cylinder 13. The inside of the tank 1 is hollow and used to store water (or nutrient solution). The water inside is transported to the surface and deep layers through the fixing rod 14 and the water injection head 12 to realize drip irrigation.

[0080] Unlike existing technical solutions, the top of the tank 1 is equipped with an air inlet chamber 2, which is connected to the tank 1 to form a drip irrigation system. During daily drip irrigation, air enters from the air inlet chamber 2, which reduces the negative pressure inside the system consisting of the air inlet chamber 2 and the tank 1. Under the action of gravity, water gradually drips from the inside of the tank 1 into the soil, and the water inside the air inlet chamber 2 flows into the inside of the tank 1, thus achieving a change in negative pressure. Example

[0081] This second embodiment discloses a negative pressure drip irrigation device. (Refer to...) Figure 7 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the structure of the sealing head 22 adopts a tapered structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the vent walls are inclined to adapt to the structure of the sealing head 22. Multiple spherical grooves 27 are formed on the inclined sidewall of the sealing head 22, and the spherical grooves 27 are arrayed and distributed on the sidewall of the sealing head 22.

[0082] The implementation principle of the negative pressure drip irrigation device in Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: multiple spherical grooves 27 for storing gas are opened on the side wall of the conical closed head 22. On the one hand, the opening of the spherical grooves 27 makes the side wall of the closed head 22 uneven, increasing the surface friction of the closed head 22 and ensuring the sealing effect of the air inlet chamber 2. On the other hand, the inside of the spherical grooves 27 is used to store air. During the water injection process, the water flow quickly fills the air inlet chamber 2, and the closed head 22 is pushed upward by the high-pressure gas in the chamber. When the closed head 22 is pushed, the gas enters the spherical grooves 27. During the descent of the closed head 22, the gas in the spherical grooves 27 gradually enters the air inlet chamber 2, causing the negative pressure step in the air inlet chamber 2 to decrease, which is more beneficial to drip irrigation than the prior art. Example

[0083] Embodiment 3 of this application discloses a negative pressure drip irrigation system, which applies the negative pressure drip irrigation devices of Embodiments 1 and 2. (Refer to...) Figure 8 A negative pressure drip irrigation system includes multiple tanks 1, with no fewer than four tanks 1. A flexible hose is provided at the end of the bottom rod 11 of each tank 1, connecting to the bottom rods 11 of other tanks 1. The multiple tanks 1 are connected via the flexible hose to form a negative pressure drip irrigation system.

[0084] It should be noted that the number of hoses between tanks 1 should be no less than two and no more than four. That is, the number of hoses should be controlled within the preset number to avoid too few hoses bearing too much water pressure, while too many hoses will make the connection between tank 1 and hoses unstable and prone to air leakage.

[0085] Reference Figure 8 In a negative pressure drip irrigation system, multiple tanks 1 are arranged in an array, forming a row. The system includes multiple rows of negative pressure drip irrigation devices. A support rod 4 is installed between two adjacent rows of devices, with its axis parallel to the distribution direction of the drip irrigation devices, to support the hoses between the tanks 1. Holes are provided in the hoses to allow drip irrigation between the tanks 1.

[0086] The implementation principle of a negative pressure drip irrigation system in Embodiment 3 of this application is as follows: the support rod 4 supports the hose, and the bottom rod 11 delivers water to the soil surface. The fixed rod 14 delivers water to the crop roots in the soil. The hose drips water into the part between the tanks 1 and onto the soil surface to achieve multi-level, three-dimensional drip irrigation. Among multiple negative pressure drip irrigation devices, one needs to be selected as the water injection tank 1. Its bottom rod 11 is connected to the water injection head 12 for injecting water into the entire negative pressure drip irrigation system. The tank 1 with the longest straight-line distance from the water injection tank 1 is equipped with a closed head 22 with a one-way valve 25 structure for water outlet, i.e., the end of the water delivery line. It is necessary to ensure that the straight-line distance is the longest to avoid the liquid impact force getting stuck in the middle part during the water injection process, and at the same time to avoid the water flow going back to the middle water injection tank 1 to save the energy consumption of the water injection equipment.

[0087] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A negative pressure drip irrigation device, comprising a tank (1), characterized in that, The tanks (1) are connected by a flexible hose, the hose having a perforation, and further comprising: An air inlet chamber (2) is located at the top of the tank body (1) and is connected to the inside of the tank body (1). An air hole is provided at the top of the air inlet chamber (2). A sealing head (22) is adapted to the size of the air hole and inserted into the air hole. The sealing head (22) is hollow and made of soft material. An air hole (23) is opened at the top of the sealing head (22). The bottom of the sealing head (22) extends radially to form a retaining ring (26). An air-sealing component is inserted into the air hole (23) to seal the inside of the sealing head (22); A fixing component is provided at the bottom of the tank (1). The bottom of the fixing component is set as a pointed tip and has a drip hole (15) for connecting the inside and outside of the tank (1). The air intake chamber (2) is provided with a connecting pipe (3) on its side wall, and the air intake chamber (2) is connected through the connecting pipe (3); The distance between the connecting pipe (3) and the inner top wall of the air inlet chamber (2) is less than the length of the sealing head (22).

2. The negative pressure drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component includes: Multiple fixing rods (14) are vertically arranged at the bottom of the tank (1). The bottom cross-sectional radius of each fixing rod (14) is smaller than the top cross-sectional radius. The drip hole (15) is opened at the bottom of the fixing rod (14). The protective cylinder (13) is vertically set and fitted onto the fixing rod (14) in a one-to-one correspondence. The top of the protective cylinder (13) is set at the bottom of the tank body (1). The thickness of the bottom side of the protective cylinder (13) is less than the thickness of the top side of the cylinder wall, and the length of the protective cylinder (13) is less than the length of the fixing rod (14).

3. The negative pressure drip irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes: A bottom rod (11) is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the tank (1), at both ends of the tank (1) in a diameter direction, and extends radially along the tank (1). The bottom rod (11) is hollow, and a hole is provided at the end of the bottom rod (1) away from the tank (1) to connect the hose. The bottom wall of the bottom rod (11) is provided with a water injection head (12), which is connected to the bottom of the bottom rod (11).

4. The negative pressure drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing head (22) is open at both ends and is tubular. A one-way valve (25) is installed inside the sealing head (22), and the flow direction of the one-way valve (25) is upward.

5. A negative pressure drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the top section of the closed head (22) is smaller than the radius of the bottom section; The pore walls are inclined to fit the size of the sealing head (22); The closed head (22) has multiple spherical grooves (27) on its side wall.

6. A negative pressure drip irrigation system, using the negative pressure drip irrigation device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes no fewer than four of the aforementioned negative pressure drip irrigation devices, with multiple negative pressure drip irrigation devices forming a row, and a total of multiple rows; Also includes: Support rods (4) are set horizontally, with multiple rods arranged in parallel at a preset height above the soil surface. The multiple support rods (4) and multiple rows of negative pressure drip irrigation devices are distributed alternately, and the support rods (4) overlap the hose.

7. A negative pressure drip irrigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of hoses provided on each of the tanks (1) shall be no less than two and no more than four.

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