Automatic press fitting apparatus and method for compressor piston elastic pin

Abstract

This invention relates to an automatic pressing device for compressor piston elastic pins, installed on the compressor pump production line. It includes a frame with a lifting mechanism mounted on it to lift tooling plates on the pump production line. Above the lifting mechanism is a pressing mechanism, which includes a column arranged along the Z-axis. The bottom of the column is fixedly connected to the frame, and a bracket A is mounted on the upper end of the column. A cylinder A is mounted on bracket A, and a bracket B is mounted at the bottom of bracket A. Bracket B is slidably connected to bracket A and slides along the Y-axis. The output end of cylinder A is connected to bracket B. A pressure tongue assembly and cylinder B are mounted on bracket B. The pressure tongue assembly is used to press the elastic pin, and cylinder B is located on one side of the pump body to press the piston end face. The frame houses an electrical box, pneumatic circuit components, and a control module. A touch screen is located on one side of the frame. This invention achieves automated pressing of piston elastic pins, reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining, specifically to an automatic pressing device and method for elastic pins on compressor pistons. Background Technology

[0002] The compressor is the core of the refrigeration system. Currently, during the assembly of reciprocating compressors, the piston pin is fixed to the piston by a flexible pin. The pressing depth and tightness of the flexible pin directly affect the assembly quality. If the pressing depth is insufficient or the pressure of pressing the flexible pin is too small, the piston pin is prone to loosening; if the pressing depth is too large, it is easy to damage the piston. Compressors assembled under these two conditions are prone to quality problems after running for a period of time. Currently, compressor manufacturers generally use manual pressing of the flexible pin, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to provide an automatic pressing device and method for compressor piston elastic pins.

[0004] The specific solution of the present invention is: an automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin, installed on the compressor pump body production line, including a frame, a lifting mechanism mounted on the frame, the lifting mechanism being used to lift the tooling plate on the pump body production line, a pressing mechanism being provided above the lifting mechanism, the pressing mechanism including a column arranged along the Z-axis, the bottom end of the column being fixedly connected to the frame, a bracket A being mounted on the upper end of the column, a cylinder A being mounted on the bracket A, a bracket B being mounted at the bottom of the bracket A, the bracket B being slidably connected to the bracket A, the bracket B sliding along the Y-axis, the output end of the cylinder A being connected to the bracket B, a pressure tongue assembly and a cylinder B being mounted on the bracket B, the pressure tongue assembly being used to press the elastic pin, and the cylinder B being located on one side of the pump body for pressing the piston end face; the frame contains an electrical box, a pneumatic circuit assembly and a control module, and a touch screen is provided on one side of the frame.

[0005] Furthermore, the tongue depressor assembly includes a fixed block, which is fixedly connected to the bracket B. The fixed block has a cavity extending along the Z-axis, and a movable block is installed in the cavity. The movable block contains a downwardly extending tongue depressor. An adjusting screw is installed at the upper end of the movable block along the Z-axis. The bottom end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the movable block, and the middle part of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the bracket B.

[0006] Furthermore, the movable block is provided with an installation cavity, in which a pin is installed. The pressure tongue is rotatably connected to the pin. A pressure sensor is also installed in the installation cavity. One side of the upper end of the pressure tongue abuts against the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the control module via signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the column is provided with a fixed support plate, the bracket A is slidably connected to the fixed support plate, the bracket A slides along the Z-axis, the fixed support plate is equipped with a first adjusting screw arranged along the Z-axis, the first adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the bracket A to adjust the height position of the bracket A.

[0008] Furthermore, a support is fixedly mounted on the bracket B, and a second adjusting screw arranged along the Y-axis is mounted on the support. One end of the second adjusting screw is connected to the cylinder A, and the middle part of the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the support.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the bracket A is equipped with a slider, the top of the bracket B is equipped with a slide rail that matches the slider, the slide rail is arranged along the Y-axis, the top of the bracket B is equipped with a guide rod parallel to the slide rail, the two ends of the guide rod are equipped with fixed seats, the guide rod is covered with a spring, the bottom of the bracket A is equipped with a spring pressure block, the spring pressure block is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the spring pressure block cooperates with the spring to reset the bracket B and the pressure tongue assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame is equipped with a limit frame that extends upward and has a pump body pressure block at its upper end. The pump body pressure block is located directly above the lifting mechanism and is used to press down the top of the pump body. The pump body pressure block has a clearance hole corresponding to the pressure tongue assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame is provided with two or more workstations, each workstation is provided with a lifting mechanism and a pressing mechanism, and each workstation operates independently. Each workstation is provided with an interception mechanism behind the lifting mechanism. The interception mechanism includes a cylinder C, the piston rod of the cylinder C is upward along the Z-axis and is equipped with a stop block, the stop block is used to block the tooling plate; each workstation is provided with a through-beam photoelectric switch, the through-beam photoelectric switch is used to detect whether a pump body is installed on the tooling plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the pump production line is equipped with a stopper behind the pressing equipment. The stopper is used to stop the tooling plate behind it and is connected to the control module via signal.

[0013] The present invention also provides an automatic pressing method for a compressor piston elastic pin, using the above-mentioned automatic pressing equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. When the tooling plate enters the station of the pressing equipment, the intercepting mechanism stops the tooling plate, and the stopper rises to stop the tooling plate behind it.

[0015] S2. The photoelectric switch at each station detects whether the pump body is installed on its tooling plate. If no pump body is detected, the station will not proceed to the next step. If a pump body is detected, proceed to S3.

[0016] S3. The lifting mechanism is activated, lifting the tooling plate and clamping the pump body.

[0017] S4. Cylinders A and B operate. Cylinder A drives bracket B, which in turn moves the pressure tongue toward the elastic pin. Cylinder B pushes the piston inward, pressing the elastic pin into the mounting hole of the piston pin. During the pressing process, the pressure sensor detects the pressing pressure value in real time and transmits it to the control module. Cylinder B is equipped with a displacement sensor to detect the pressing depth of the elastic pin. The control module automatically determines whether the pressing is qualified based on the pressure value and the pressing depth value. If it is determined to be unqualified, an alarm is issued and an alarm screen is displayed on the touch screen. If it is determined to be qualified, step S5 is executed.

[0018] S5, cylinders A and B reset, the lifting mechanism resets and the tooling plate falls back onto the pump body production line, the intercepting mechanism descends and releases the tooling plate.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: it realizes automated pressing of elastic pins, can detect the pressing depth of elastic pins, has the function of recognizing the pressure value of pressing elastic pins, and can identify the missing elastic pins in the product and automatically press in the appropriate depth position value by pressing depth and pressure value. It basically does not require manual intervention, reduces labor intensity and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the invention from another angle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 AA view;

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 BB view;

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point V;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Touch screen; 2. Lifting mechanism; 3. Tongue presser assembly; 31. Adjusting screw; 32. Fixing block; 33. Pin; 34. Tongue presser; 35. Movable block; 36. Pressure sensor; 4. First adjusting screw; 5. Cylinder A; 6. Bracket A; 7. Second adjusting screw; 8. Bracket B; 9. Frame; 10. Through-beam photoelectric switch; 11. Column; 12. Cylinder B; 13. Blocker; 14. Interception mechanism; 15. Tooling plate; 16. Pump production line. Detailed Implementation

[0028] See Figure 1-7This embodiment describes an automatic pressing device for compressor piston elastic pins, installed on the compressor pump body production line 16. It includes a frame 9, on which a lifting mechanism 2 is mounted. The lifting mechanism 2 lifts the tooling plate 15 on the pump body production line 16. A pressing mechanism is located above the lifting mechanism 2. The pressing mechanism includes a column 11 arranged along the Z-axis, with its bottom fixedly connected to the frame 9. A bracket A6 is mounted on the upper end of the column 11, and a cylinder A5 is mounted on the bracket A6. A bracket B8 is mounted at the bottom of the bracket A6, and the bracket B8 is slidably connected to the bracket A6. The bracket B8 slides along the Y-axis. The output end of the cylinder A5 is connected to the bracket B8, and a pressure tongue assembly is mounted on the bracket B8. 3 and cylinder B12, the pressure tongue assembly 3 is used to push the elastic pin, and the cylinder B12 is located on one side of the pump body to push the piston end face; the frame 9 is equipped with an electrical box, air circuit assembly and control module, and the electrical box, air circuit assembly and control module control each moving part to automatically coordinate the action according to the set program. A touch screen 1 is provided on one side of the frame 9; the frame 9 is equipped with a limit frame, the limit frame extends upward and the upper end is equipped with a pump body pressure block, the pump body pressure block is located directly above the lifting mechanism 2, the pump body pressure block is used to press the top of the pump body, and the pump body pressure block is provided with a clearance hole corresponding to the pressure tongue assembly 3; when the lifting mechanism 2 pushes the tooling plate 15 upward, the top of the cylinder seat is pressed by the pump body pressure block, thereby fixing the cylinder seat. Furthermore, the tongue depressor assembly 3 includes a fixed block 32, which is fixedly connected to the bracket B8. The fixed block 32 has a cavity extending along the Z-axis, and a movable block 35 is installed within the cavity. A downwardly extending tongue depressor 34 is installed within the movable block 35. An adjusting screw 31, arranged along the Z-axis, is mounted on the upper end of the movable block 35. The bottom end of the adjusting screw 31 is rotatably connected to the movable block 35, and the middle part of the adjusting screw 31 is threadedly connected to the bracket B8. Furthermore, the movable block 35 has a mounting cavity containing a pin 33. The tongue depressor 34 is rotatably connected to the pin 33. A pressure sensor 36 is also installed within the mounting cavity. One side of the upper end of the tongue depressor 34 abuts against the pressure sensor 36, and the pressure sensor 36 is signal-connected to the control module. During the press-fitting process, the lower end of the pressure tongue 34 is subjected to pressure from the elastic pin, causing the pressure tongue 34 to rotate around the pin shaft 33. This results in the upper end of the pressure tongue 34 applying pressure to the pressure sensor 36, enabling the pressure sensor 36 to detect the pressure value during the press-fitting of the elastic pin in real time. Furthermore, the upper end of the column 11 is provided with a fixed support plate, and the bracket A6 is slidably connected to the fixed support plate. The bracket A6 slides along the Z-axis, and the fixed support plate is equipped with a first adjusting screw 4 arranged along the Z-axis. The first adjusting screw 4 is rotatably connected to the bracket A6 to adjust the height position of the bracket A6. Different models of compressors correspond to different pump body dimensions. During production, it is necessary to select the corresponding tooling plate 15 according to the compressor signal being produced, and adjust the height positions of the bracket A6 and bracket B8 using the first adjusting screw 4, so that the piston rod of the cylinder B12 is at the same height as the piston of the pump body.Since the height difference between the elastic pin and the center of the cylinder bore varies depending on the pump body model, the height of the pressure tongue 34 also needs to be adjusted. Rotating the adjusting screw 31 moves the movable block 35 along the Z-axis, and the movable block 35 raises and lowers the pressure tongue 34 to adjust the height difference between the pressure tongue 34 and the cylinder B12, thus ensuring that the pressure tongue 34 does not interfere with the connecting rod during press-fitting. Furthermore, a support is fixedly mounted on the bracket B8, and a second adjusting screw 7 arranged along the Y-axis is mounted on the support. One end of the second adjusting screw 7 is connected to the cylinder A5, and the middle part of the second adjusting screw 7 is threadedly connected to the support. This invention adjusts the initial position of the pressure tongue 34 through the second adjusting screw 7, making the pressure tongue 34 adapt to the pump body structure and avoiding interference between the pressure tongue 34 and pump body components in the Y-axis direction. Furthermore, the bottom of the bracket A6 is equipped with a slider, and the top of the bracket B8 is equipped with a slide rail that matches the slider. The slide rail is arranged along the Y-axis. The top of the bracket B8 is equipped with a guide rod parallel to the slide rail. The two ends of the guide rod are equipped with fixed seats, and the guide rod is covered with a spring. The bottom of the bracket A6 is equipped with a spring pressure block, which is slidably connected to the guide rod. The spring pressure block and the spring cooperate to reset the bracket B8 and the pressure tongue assembly 3. Furthermore, the frame 9 is equipped with two or more workstations. Each workstation is equipped with a lifting mechanism 2 and a pressing mechanism. Each workstation operates independently. Each workstation is equipped with an interception mechanism 14 behind the lifting mechanism 2. The interception mechanism 14 includes a cylinder C. The piston rod of the cylinder C is upward along the Z-axis and equipped with a stop block. The stop block is used to block the tooling plate 15. Each workstation is equipped with a through-beam photoelectric switch 10, which is used to detect whether a pump body is installed on the tooling plate 15. Furthermore, the pump body production line 16 is equipped with a stopper 13 located behind the pressing equipment. The stopper 13 is used to block the tooling plate 15 behind it, and the stopper 13 is connected to the control module via signal. The present invention also provides an automatic pressing method for compressor piston elastic pins. Using the aforementioned automatic pressing equipment, a connecting rod shifting process is provided on the pump body production line 16 before the pressing process of the elastic pin. The function of this process is to shift the position of the connecting rods of each pump body to a suitable position, preventing the piston from being at the top dead center or bottom dead center position, which would prevent the cylinder B12 from pushing the piston during pressing.The connecting rod process uses a beveled plate. When the tooling plate 15 carrying the pump body passes the beveled plate, its connecting rod and crankshaft automatically adapt to the bevel and rotate a certain angle. Finally, the connecting rod and piston stop at the set position, and then flow with the pump body production line 16 to the elastic pin pressing process of the present invention. The specific steps after entering the elastic pin pressing process are as follows: S1, the tooling plate 15 enters the station of the pressing equipment, the intercepting mechanism 14 stops the tooling plate 15, and the stopper 13 rises to stop the tooling plate 15 behind it; S2, the photoelectric switch 10 of each station detects whether the tooling plate 15 is equipped with a pump body. If no pump body is detected, the station does not proceed to the next step. If a pump body is detected, proceed to S3; S3, the lifting mechanism 2 operates to lift the tooling plate 15, so that the pump body is clamped; S 4. Cylinders A5 and B12 operate. Cylinder A5 drives bracket B8, which in turn drives pressure tongue 34 to move towards the elastic pin. Cylinder B12 pushes the piston inward, pressing the elastic pin into the mounting hole of the piston pin. During the pressing process, pressure sensor 36 detects the pressing pressure value in real time and transmits it to the control module. Cylinder B12 is equipped with a displacement sensor to detect the pressing depth of the elastic pin. The control module automatically determines whether the pressing is qualified based on the pressure value and the pressing depth value. If it is determined to be unqualified, an alarm is issued and an alarm screen is displayed on touch screen 1. If it is determined to be qualified, step S5 is executed. S5: Cylinders A5 and B12 reset, lifting mechanism 2 resets, causing tooling plate 15 to fall back onto pump body production line 16, and intercepting mechanism 14 descends to release tooling plate 15. The working principle of this invention is as follows: Cylinder B12 has a built-in Festo displacement sensor. During pressing, the pressure tongue 34 blocks the elastic pin, and the piston rod of cylinder B12 pushes the elastic pin into the corresponding pin hole. When cylinder B12 is activated, the internal Festo displacement sensor detects the displacement value of the pressing cylinder pressing the elastic pin. According to the internal process parameters set by the enterprise, it can be determined whether the pressing depth is qualified. The pressure sensor 36 can detect whether there is any missing part. It can also be compared with the set process parameters to determine whether the pressing is qualified. If it is qualified, it is released. If it is unqualified, it is not released and an alarm prompt is issued. The pressing depth value and pressure value of each pump body are displayed and recorded on the touch screen 1 so that the cause can be checked and analyzed when an alarm occurs.

Claims

1. An automatic pressing device for compressor piston elastic pins, installed on the compressor pump body production line, characterized in that: The system includes a frame with a lifting mechanism for lifting tooling plates on the pump production line. Above the lifting mechanism is a pressing mechanism, which includes a column arranged along the Z-axis. The bottom of the column is fixedly connected to the frame. A bracket A is mounted on the upper end of the column, and a cylinder A is mounted on bracket A. A bracket B is mounted at the bottom of bracket A and is slidably connected to bracket A. Bracket B slides along the Y-axis. The output end of cylinder A is connected to bracket B. Bracket B is equipped with a pressure tongue assembly and cylinder B. The pressure tongue assembly is used to press a spring pin, and cylinder B is located on one side of the pump body to press the piston end face. The frame contains an electrical box, pneumatic circuit components, and a control module. A touchscreen is located on one side of the frame. Cylinder B is equipped with a displacement sensor to detect the indentation depth of the elastic pin; The tongue depressor assembly includes a fixed block, which is fixedly connected to the bracket B. The fixed block has a cavity that runs through the Z-axis, and a movable block is installed in the cavity. The movable block has a downwardly extending tongue depressor installed in it. An adjusting screw is installed at the upper end of the movable block along the Z-axis. The bottom end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the movable block, and the middle part of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the bracket B. The movable block has an installation cavity, in which a pin is installed. The pressure tongue is rotatably connected to the pin. A pressure sensor is also installed in the installation cavity. One side of the upper end of the pressure tongue abuts against the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the control module.

2. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the column is provided with a fixed support plate. The bracket A is slidably connected to the fixed support plate. The bracket A slides along the Z-axis. The fixed support plate is equipped with a first adjusting screw arranged along the Z-axis. The first adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the bracket A to adjust the height position of the bracket A.

3. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support is fixedly mounted on the bracket B, and a second adjusting screw arranged along the Y-axis is mounted on the support. One end of the second adjusting screw is connected to the cylinder A, and the middle part of the second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the support.

4. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of bracket A is equipped with a slider, and the top of bracket B is equipped with a slide rail that matches the slider. The slide rail is arranged along the Y-axis. The top of bracket B is equipped with a guide rod that is parallel to the slide rail. The two ends of the guide rod are equipped with fixed seats. The guide rod is covered with a spring. The bottom of bracket A is equipped with a spring pressure block. The spring pressure block is slidably connected to the guide rod. The spring pressure block and the spring cooperate to reset bracket B and the pressure tongue assembly.

5. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is equipped with a limit frame that extends upward and has a pump body pressure block at its upper end. The pump body pressure block is located directly above the lifting mechanism and is used to press down the top of the pump body. The pump body pressure block has a clearance hole corresponding to the pressure tongue assembly.

6. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is equipped with two or more workstations, each of which is equipped with a lifting mechanism and a pressing mechanism. Each workstation operates independently. Each workstation is equipped with an interception mechanism behind the lifting mechanism. The interception mechanism includes a cylinder C. The piston rod of the cylinder C moves upward along the Z-axis and is equipped with a stop block. The stop block is used to block the tooling plate. Each workstation is equipped with a through-beam photoelectric switch, which is used to detect whether a pump body is installed on the tooling plate.

7. An automatic pressing device for a compressor piston elastic pin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pump production line is equipped with a stopper behind the pressing equipment. The stopper is used to stop the tooling plate behind it and is connected to the control module signal.

8. An automatic press-fitting method for a compressor piston elastic pin, characterized in that: The automatic pressing equipment according to claim 7 includes the following steps: S1. When the tooling plate enters the station of the pressing equipment, the intercepting mechanism stops the tooling plate, and the stopper rises to stop the tooling plate behind it. S2. The photoelectric switch at each station detects whether the pump body is installed on its tooling plate. If no pump body is detected, the station will not proceed to the next step. If a pump body is detected, proceed to S3. S3. The lifting mechanism is activated, lifting the tooling plate and clamping the pump body. S4. Cylinders A and B operate. Cylinder A drives bracket B, which in turn moves the pressure tongue toward the elastic pin. Cylinder B pushes the piston inward, pressing the elastic pin into the mounting hole of the piston pin. During the pressing process, the pressure sensor detects the pressing pressure value in real time and transmits it to the control module. Cylinder B is equipped with a displacement sensor to detect the pressing depth of the elastic pin. The control module automatically determines whether the pressing is qualified based on the pressure value and the pressing depth value. If it is determined to be unqualified, an alarm is issued and an alarm screen is displayed on the touch screen. If it is determined to be qualified, step S5 is executed. S5, cylinders A and B reset, the lifting mechanism resets and the tooling plate falls back onto the pump body production line, the intercepting mechanism descends and releases the tooling plate.

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