Circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses indirect heating equipment and method for a circulating fluidized bed, and the equipment comprises a combustion chamber which is provided with a particle material inlet, a fuel gas inlet, an air inlet, a smoke outlet and a material return port; the gas-solid separator is provided with a separator inlet, a gas outlet and a solid outlet, and the separator inlet is communicated with the smoke exhaust outlet; the heat exchanger is provided with a medium gas inlet, a medium gas outlet, a particle inlet and a particle outlet, the particle inlet is communicated with the solid outlet, and the particle outlet is communicated with the material returning opening. The indirect heating equipment of the circulating fluidized bed can prevent oxygen from influencing the product quality, and has the advantages of good byproduct gas quality, high operation efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal chemical technology, and more specifically, to a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production, heat mainly comes from fuel combustion. The high-temperature flue gas produced by combustion comes into direct contact with the reactants for direct heating, or transfers the heat generated by combustion to other heat carriers, which then participate in the reaction for indirect heating.

[0003] In direct heating, the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion serves as the direct heat source, participating in the pyrolysis and gasification of coal. The high-temperature flue gas inevitably contains unreacted oxygen, while coal chemical processes require anaerobic conditions. If oxygen is present in the reaction, product quality cannot be guaranteed, and in severe cases, the target product may not be obtained. Furthermore, the flue gas contains a large amount of nitrogen, which dilutes the byproduct gases produced in coal chemical processes, reducing the concentration of usable gas components and resulting in low byproduct gas recovery and utilization rates.

[0004] In the related technology, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating method is equipped with multiple heat storage material stacks. During operation, the flue gas and the medium gas need to switch between multiple heat storage material stacks multiple times, which cannot achieve continuous operation, resulting in reaction interruption and thus limiting the operating efficiency of the reactor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device, which can avoid the impact of oxygen on product quality and has the advantages of good by-product gas quality and high operating efficiency.

[0006] This invention also proposes an indirect heating method for a circulating fluidized bed.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device is provided, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device comprising: a combustion chamber having a particulate material inlet, a fuel gas inlet, an air inlet, a flue gas outlet, and a return port; a gas-solid separator having a separator inlet, a gas outlet, and a solid outlet, the separator inlet being connected to the flue gas outlet; and a heat exchanger having a medium gas inlet, a medium gas outlet, a particulate inlet, and a particulate outlet, the particulate inlet being connected to the solid outlet, and the particulate outlet being connected to the return port.

[0008] The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment according to embodiments of the present invention can avoid the impact of oxygen on product quality and has the advantages of good by-product gas quality and high operating efficiency.

[0009] In addition, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the medium gas inlet is located at the lower part of the heat exchanger, the medium gas outlet is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger, the particle inlet is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger, and the particle outlet is located on the bottom wall of the heat exchanger.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber is provided with an air distribution plate, the particulate material inlet is located above the air distribution plate, the return port is located above the air distribution plate, and the air distribution plate is configured to facilitate the passage of gas and prevent the passage of particulate material.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas inlet is located above the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is located below the air distribution plate.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device further includes a silo, the silo being adapted to store particulate materials, and the silo being connected to the particulate material inlet.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a first return valve is provided between the solid outlet and the particle inlet, and a second return valve is provided between the particle outlet and the return port.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas-solid separator is a cyclone separator.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the particulate material is 1.5-2.5 mm.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the granular material laid on the air distribution plate is 400-600 mm.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating method is provided, wherein the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating method employs the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment described in a first aspect of the present invention, and includes the following steps:

[0019] The gas entering the combustion chamber through the gas inlet and the air entering the combustion chamber through the air inlet are burned in the combustion chamber to heat the particulate material entering the combustion chamber through the particulate material inlet;

[0020] The flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber carries the particulate material into the gas-solid separator through the exhaust outlet and the separator inlet for gas-solid separation. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet, and the separated particulate material enters the heat exchanger through the solid outlet and the particulate inlet.

[0021] The particulate material in the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the medium gas that enters the heat exchanger through the medium gas inlet. After heat exchange, the particulate material returns to the combustion chamber through the particulate outlet and the return port, and the medium gas after heat exchange is discharged through the medium gas outlet.

[0022] The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating method according to embodiments of the present invention, by utilizing the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment described in the first aspect of the present invention, can avoid the impact of oxygen on product quality and has the advantages of good by-product gas quality and high operating efficiency.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an indirect heating method for a circulating fluidized bed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure reference numerals: Circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment 1, Combustion chamber 10, Particle material inlet 11, Gas inlet 12, Air inlet 13, Exhaust outlet 14, Return port 15, Gas-solid separator 20, Separator inlet 21, Gas outlet 22, Solid outlet 23, Heat exchanger 30, Medium gas inlet 31, Medium gas outlet 32, Particle inlet 33, Particle outlet 34, Air distribution plate 40, Hopper 50, First return valve 61, Second return valve 62. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an embodiment of a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 10, a gas-solid separator 20, and a heat exchanger 30.

[0033] Combustion chamber 10 has a particulate material inlet 11, a fuel gas inlet 12, an air inlet 13, a flue gas outlet 14, and a return port 15. Gas-solid separator 20 has a separator inlet 21, a gas outlet 22, and a solids outlet 23, with separator inlet 21 connected to flue gas outlet 14. Heat exchanger 30 has a medium gas inlet 31, a medium gas outlet 32, a particulate inlet 33, and a particulate outlet 34, with particulate inlet 33 connected to solids outlet 23 and particulate outlet 34 connected to return port 15.

[0034] Specifically, particulate material inlet 11 is suitable for the passage of particulate materials, gas inlet 12 is suitable for the introduction of gas, and air inlet 13 is suitable for the introduction of air. The gas can be natural gas, chemical by-product gas, etc. The medium gas is the working heat carrier and can be by-product gas produced by coal chemical industry.

[0035] The particulate material inside the heat exchanger 30 comes into direct contact with the medium gas for heat exchange.

[0036] During operation, fuel gas and air are burned in the combustion chamber 10, and the heat generated by combustion heats the particulate material, completing sulfidation and reaching the target temperature. The flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 10 carries the particulate material through the exhaust outlet 14 and the separator inlet 21 into the gas-solid separator 20 for gas-solid separation. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet 22, and the separated particulate material enters the heat exchanger 30 through the solid outlet 23 and the particulate inlet 33. In the heat exchanger 30, the particulate material exchanges heat with the medium gas entering the heat exchanger 30 through the medium gas inlet 31, thereby heating the medium gas. The heat-exchanged particulate material returns to the combustion chamber 10 through the particulate outlet 34 and the return port 15 for reheating. The heated medium gas is discharged through the medium gas outlet 32 ​​and used as a heat carrier in other processes.

[0037] During the process, a certain amount of particulate material is added through the particulate material inlet 11 to ensure the quantity of particulate material in the combustion chamber 10.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 of the present invention, by setting up a combustion chamber 10, a gas-solid separator 20, and a heat exchanger 30, the heat generated by combustion can be used to heat particulate materials. The gas-solid separator 20 separates the particulate materials from the flue gas, and the high-temperature particulate materials exchange heat with the medium gas in the heat exchanger 30 to heat the medium gas. Compared with the direct heating method in related technologies, using the gas-solid separator 20 to separate solid particulate materials to heat the medium gas not only avoids the impact of oxygen in the flue gas on the quality of subsequent production, improving product quality and yield, but also avoids the dilution of the medium gas by nitrogen in the flue gas, improving the quality of by-product gas. Compared with the indirect heating method using multiple thermal storage material piles in related technologies, there is no need to switch flues between multiple thermal storage material piles, allowing the heating process to proceed continuously and improving overall operating efficiency.

[0039] Therefore, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to the embodiments of the present invention can avoid the impact of oxygen on product quality and has the advantages of good by-product gas quality and high operating efficiency.

[0040] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 10, a gas-solid separator 20, and a heat exchanger 30.

[0042] Advantageously, such as Figure 1As shown, the medium gas inlet 31 is located at the lower part of the heat exchanger 30 (the vertical direction is indicated by the arrows in the figure), the medium gas outlet 32 ​​is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger 30, the particle inlet 33 is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger 30, and the particle outlet 34 is located on the bottom wall of the heat exchanger 30. In this way, within the heat exchanger 30, the particulate material moves from top to bottom, and the medium gas moves from bottom to top, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the particulate material and the medium gas.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the combustion chamber 10 is equipped with an air distribution plate 40. The particulate material inlet is located above the air distribution plate 40, and the return port 15 is also located above the air distribution plate 40. The air distribution plate 40 is constructed to facilitate the passage of gas while preventing the passage of particulate material. Specifically, the particulate material is preferably laid on top of the air distribution plate 40. This facilitates the use of combustion heat to heat the particulate material.

[0044] More specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gas inlet 12 is located above the air distribution plate 40, and the air inlet 13 is located below the air distribution plate 40. This allows air to pass through the air distribution plate 40 and mix evenly with the gas for combustion, facilitating the heating of particulate materials.

[0045] Figure 1 An indirect heating device 1 for a circulating fluidized bed according to some examples of the present invention is shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 also includes a hopper 50, which is suitable for storing particulate materials and is connected to the particulate material inlet 11. This allows the hopper 50 to store particulate materials, facilitating the replenishment of particulate materials into the combustion chamber 10.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first return valve 61 is provided between the solid outlet 23 and the particle inlet 33, and a second return valve 62 is provided between the particle outlet 34 and the return port 15. This facilitates the passage of particle materials.

[0047] More specifically, the gas-solid separator 20 is a cyclone separator. Specifically, the separator inlet 21 is located on the side wall of the gas-solid separator 20, the gas outlet 22 is located on the top wall of the gas-solid separator 20, and the solid outlet 23 is located on the bottom wall of the gas-solid separator 20, to facilitate the separation of gas and solid. This facilitates the separation of gas and particulate materials.

[0048] Optionally, the particle size of the particulate material is 1.5-2.5 mm. This facilitates the laying of the particulate material on the air distribution plate 40 and increases the contact area between the particulate material and the medium gas, thereby improving the heat exchange effect between the particulate material and the medium gas.

[0049] Furthermore, the thickness of the granular material laid on the air distribution plate 40 is 400-600 mm. This can improve the heating efficiency of the granular material.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust outlet 14 is located at the upper part of the combustion chamber 10. This facilitates the discharge of flue gas from the combustion chamber 10.

[0051] The gas inlets 12 are located on both sides of the combustion chamber 10. This improves the uniformity of gas supply and combustion, and enhances the heating effect on particulate materials.

[0052] The following is for reference. Figure 2 This invention describes an indirect heating method for a circulating fluidized bed according to an embodiment of the present invention. The indirect heating method for a circulating fluidized bed according to an embodiment of the present invention employs a circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to the above embodiment of the present invention, and includes the following steps:

[0053] The gas entering the combustion chamber 10 through the gas inlet 12 and the air entering the combustion chamber 10 through the air inlet 13 are burned in the combustion chamber 10 to heat the particulate material entering the combustion chamber 10 through the particulate material inlet 11.

[0054] The flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 10 carries the particulate material into the gas-solid separator 20 through the exhaust outlet 14 and the separator inlet 21 for gas-solid separation. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet 22, and the separated particulate material enters the heat exchanger 30 through the solid outlet 23 and the particulate inlet 33.

[0055] The particulate material in the heat exchanger 30 exchanges heat with the medium gas that enters the heat exchanger 30 through the medium gas inlet 31. After heat exchange, the particulate material returns to the combustion chamber 10 through the particulate outlet 34 and the return port 15, and the medium gas after heat exchange is discharged through the medium gas outlet 32.

[0056] The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating method according to the embodiments of the present invention, by utilizing the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 according to the above embodiments of the present invention, can avoid the impact of oxygen on product quality and has the advantages of good by-product gas quality and high operating efficiency.

[0057] Other configurations and operations of the circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device 1 and method according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device, characterized in that, include: The combustion chamber has a particulate material inlet, a fuel gas inlet, an air inlet, a flue gas outlet, and a return material outlet; A gas-solid separator having a separator inlet, a gas outlet, and a solid outlet, wherein the separator inlet is connected to the flue gas outlet; A heat exchanger having a medium gas inlet, a medium gas outlet, a particle inlet, and a particle outlet, wherein the particle inlet is connected to the solid outlet and the particle outlet is connected to the return port.

2. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium gas inlet is located at the bottom of the heat exchanger, the medium gas outlet is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger, the particle inlet is located on the top wall of the heat exchanger, and the particle outlet is located on the bottom wall of the heat exchanger.

3. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber is equipped with an air distribution plate, the particulate material inlet is located above the air distribution plate, the return port is located above the air distribution plate, and the air distribution plate is constructed to facilitate the passage of gas while preventing the passage of particulate material.

4. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas inlet is located above the air distribution plate, and the air inlet is located below the air distribution plate.

5. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hopper suitable for storing particulate materials, and the hopper is connected to the particulate material inlet.

6. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first return valve is provided between the solid outlet and the particle inlet, and a second return valve is provided between the particle outlet and the return port.

7. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-solid separator is a cyclone separator.

8. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the particulate material is 1.5-2.5 mm.

9. The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the granular material laid on the air distribution plate is 400-600 mm.

10. A method for indirect heating in a circulating fluidized bed, characterized in that, The circulating fluidized bed indirect heating equipment according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: The gas entering the combustion chamber through the gas inlet and the air entering the combustion chamber through the air inlet are burned in the combustion chamber to heat the particulate material entering the combustion chamber through the particulate material inlet; The flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber carries the particulate material into the gas-solid separator through the exhaust outlet and the separator inlet for gas-solid separation. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet, and the separated particulate material enters the heat exchanger through the solid outlet and the particulate inlet. The particulate material in the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the medium gas that enters the heat exchanger through the medium gas inlet. After heat exchange, the particulate material returns to the combustion chamber through the particulate outlet and the return port, and the medium gas after heat exchange is discharged through the medium gas outlet.

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