An Automated Design Method and System for Bank Protection Engineering Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated design method and system for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, comprising: reading topographic cross-section data, generating a large number of design schemes based on the topographic cross-section data, and calculating the earthwork volume of each design scheme. V The coordinates of the foot groove for each design scheme are mapped onto the planar diagram. The included angle at each inflection point of the planar foot groove polyline and the smoothness index for each design scheme are calculated. The smoothness index refers to the fluctuation rate of the included angle. s, The largest earthwork volume among all options is selected. V max and volatility s max To each V and s Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and s norm= s / s max By weight oh 1. oh 2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = oh 1 V norm + oh 2 s norm ,choose F The solution with the minimum value is the optimal design output; this invention obtains a design solution that balances slope fit and smoothness by using quantitative indicators and algorithms for optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering design, specifically relating to an automated design method and system for bank protection engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of bank protection projects, slope-type bank protection needs to meet two core requirements: first, the slope protection on the water should be as close as possible to the bank slope to reduce earthwork excavation and backfilling, thereby reducing project costs and waste soil; second, the toe trench and capping structures should be as smooth as possible to ensure a smooth and aesthetically pleasing appearance of the project. The traditional design process is as follows: designers first conduct a preliminary design of the slope protection section based on the topographic cross-section, determine the toe trench location, slope ratio and other parameters, and then map the cross-section design onto the plan to locate the structural components.

[0003] However, the preliminary design cannot directly obtain a straight slope shape. It is necessary to repeatedly adjust the slope alignment on the plan view and update the cross-sectional view simultaneously to assess changes in earthwork volume. This cyclical process of "cross-sectional design - plan adjustment - cross-sectional verification" has significant drawbacks: First, manual adjustment is cumbersome, requiring frequent modification of parameters such as the toe trench position and slope ratio, resulting in low design efficiency; second, data consistency is difficult to guarantee, and parameter discrepancies are prone to occur between plan and cross-sectional adjustments, leading to errors in earthwork volume calculation; third, it is difficult to balance slope conformity and smoothness manually, often resulting in the loss of better solutions due to subjective judgment.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to digitize the design parameters and use optimization algorithms to achieve multi-objective collaborative optimization in order to improve design efficiency and solution quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, so as to solve the problems of low efficiency of manual adjustment and difficulty in balancing multiple objectives in traditional revetment design.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0007] An automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the method comprising:

[0008] S1: Read the topographic cross-section data, establish the mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view, and mark the starting and ending cross-sections of the shoreline;

[0009] S2: Select the intersection of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and the cross section of the bank slope as the initial toe trench position scheme. The horizontal coordinate of the intersection point is marked as X0. Set the toe trench position adjustment range as [X0-ΔX, X0+ΔX] and the slope ratio adjustment range as [2, 6]. Enumerate all possible design schemes through parametric modeling.

[0010] S3: Based on the elevation difference between the design section and the terrain section, the earthwork volume is calculated using the infinitesimal element method. V， Map the cross-sectional coordinates of the foot groove to the planar diagram, calculate the angle at each inflection point of the polyline of the planar foot groove, and then calculate the fluctuation rate of the angle. s To quantify the smoothness of the revetment;

[0011] S4: Use the largest earthwork volume among all options. V max and volatility s max To each V and s Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and s norm= s / s max By weight oh 1. oh 2 ( oh 1+ oh 2=1) Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = oh 1 V norm + oh 2 s norm ,choose F The solution with the smallest value is taken as the optimal design output.

[0012] Furthermore, the volatility s The calculation methods include:

[0013] Following the order from upstream to downstream, the included angle at each inflection point of the planar foot groove polyline is constructed as a discrete sequence of data. α i Each of them i Define an instantaneous return value corresponding to an inflection point angle:

[0014] ;

[0015] The included angle volatility can be derived from R i The standard deviation is obtained as follows:

[0016] ;

[0017] In the formula N The number of inflection points This represents the average angle between the inflection points.

[0018] A system for implementing the automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the system comprising:

[0019] The terrain data parsing module is used to read terrain cross-section data, extract information such as the coordinates and elevation of the bank slope outline, and establish a mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view.

[0020] The scheme enumeration generation module is used to select the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench, and take the intersection of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and the bank slope section as the initial toe trench position scheme. The horizontal coordinate of the intersection of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and the bank slope section is marked as X0. The adjustment range of the toe trench position is set to [X0-ΔX, X0+ΔX], and the slope ratio adjustment range is set to [2, 6]. All possible design schemes are enumerated through parametric modeling, and each scheme includes the design parameters of the bank protection.

[0021] The multi-objective evaluation module is used to calculate earthwork volume based on the elevation difference between the design section and the terrain section using the infinitesimal element method. V， Map the cross-sectional coordinates of the foot groove to the planar diagram, calculate the angle at each inflection point of the polyline of the planar foot groove, and then calculate the fluctuation rate of the angle. s To quantify the smoothness of the revetment.

[0022] The intelligent optimization decision-making module is used to select the maximum earthwork volume among all options. V max and volatility s max To each V and s Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and s norm= s / s max By weight oh 1. oh 2 ( oh 1+ oh 2=1) Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = oh 1 V norm + oh 2 s norm ,choose F The solution with the smallest value is taken as the optimal design output.

[0023] The present invention also discloses a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm.

[0024] The technical solution of this invention has the following technical effects:

[0025] 1. Multi-objective balance optimization: By using quantitative indicators and algorithms to find the best design, a design scheme that balances slope fit and ride comfort can be obtained.

[0026] 2. Reduce design errors. Compared with traditional manual design, automated design processes reduce human intervention and avoid subjective errors.

[0027] 3. Enhanced scientific decision-making: Modern computing power can easily enumerate tens of thousands of solutions, greatly expanding the scope of optimization for design solutions and making decisions more scientific.

[0028] 4. Significantly improved efficiency: Compared with traditional manual design, the efficiency of scheme enumeration and evaluation is significantly improved, reducing a lot of repetitive adjustment work. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the revetment project according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a revetment project according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention, and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] This invention provides an automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm. The method is implemented using five core modules and consists of five steps.

[0034] The five core modules are as follows:

[0035] ① Terrain Data Analysis Module: This module reads terrain cross-section data, extracts information such as slope outline coordinates and elevation, and establishes a mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view. This mapping relationship refers to how to associate the positional information in the two-dimensional plan view (usually a horizontal projection) with the elevation information in the cross-section view (vertical profile). Through this mapping relationship, the actual position of a point in the cross-section view on the plan view can be located. For example, a sudden change in slope in the cross-section view corresponds to a specific location in the plan view. After analyzing the slope stability through the cross-section view, the results need to be fed back to the plan view for construction planning. The method for establishing the mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0036] ② Scheme Enumeration Generation Module: Select the intersection point (marked as X0) of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench (generally 0.5 to 1.0 meters above the design low water level) and the bank slope section as the initial toe trench position scheme. Set the toe trench position adjustment range to [X0-ΔX, X0+ΔX] and the slope ratio adjustment interval to [2, 6]. Enumerate all possible design schemes through parametric modeling. Each scheme includes parameters such as toe trench coordinates, slope ratio, and capping coordinates. The parametric modeling refers to using the toe trench position and slope ratio as core parameters and establishing a correlation calculation model between the two and derived parameters such as capping coordinates.

[0037] ③ Multi-objective evaluation module: Based on the elevation difference between the design section and the terrain section, the earthwork volume is calculated using the infinitesimal element method. V， That is, the sum of the excavation volume and the backfill volume (weights can also be set for the excavation and backfill volumes as needed). Map the cross-sectional coordinates of the tow trench to the plan view, calculate the angle at each inflection point of the tow trench polyline on the plan view, and calculate the fluctuation rate of the angle. s To quantify the smoothness of the revetment.

[0038] Volatility s The calculation method is as follows:

[0039] Following the order from upstream to downstream, the included angle at each inflection point of the planar foot groove polyline is constructed as a discrete sequence of data. α i Each of them i Define an instantaneous return value corresponding to an inflection point angle:

[0040] ;

[0041] The included angle volatility can be derived from R i The standard deviation is obtained as follows:

[0042] ;

[0043] In the formula N The number of inflection points This represents the average angle between the inflection points.

[0044] ④ Intelligent optimization decision-making module: Utilizes the maximum earthwork volume among all proposed solutions. V max and volatility s max To each V and s Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and s norm= s / s max By weight oh 1. oh 2 ( oh 1+ oh 2=1) Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = oh 1 V norm + oh 2 s norm ,choose F The solution with the smallest value is taken as the optimal design output.

[0045] ⑤ Scheme Verification Module: Verifies the output design scheme and provides an interface for modifying weight coefficients. If the weights change, it will be fed back to Module ④ to recalculate the optimal scheme.

[0046] The specific implementation process of the method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 This includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Terrain Data Preprocessing

[0048] The module ① is called to parse the terrain file (including plan view and cross-section view), establish the mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and cross-section view, and mark the starting and ending cross-sections of the shoreline, so as to provide a unified data benchmark for subsequent scheme generation and index calculation.

[0049] Step 2: Enumerate design schemes

[0050] Set the foot groove position adjustment range ΔX and step size (e.g., 0.1 meters) and slope ratio adjustment accuracy (e.g., 0.5). Based on the terrain data, call module ② to generate a large number of design schemes. Each scheme corresponds to a set of parameters (foot groove X coordinate, slope ratio m).

[0051] Step 3: Multi-objective assessment

[0052] Based on the cross-sectional topographic data and the enumerated design cross-sections, module ③ is invoked to calculate the earthwork volume for each scheme.V Based on the mapping relationship between the plan view and the cross-section view coordinates, the coordinates of the foot groove of each scheme are mapped to the plan view, and module ③ is called to calculate the smoothness index of each scheme. s .

[0053] Step 4: Construction and Optimization of Comprehensive Indicators

[0054] Based on the earthwork volume and smoothness index of each scheme, module ④ is called to calculate the comprehensive index of all schemes. F Output the optimal design solution.

[0055] The method of this invention also includes scheme verification and optimization:

[0056] To verify the output plan, call module ⑤ to modify the weights. If the focus is on economy and earthwork volume needs to be reduced, increase the weight coefficient. oh 1. If aesthetics are the primary concern and the revetment line needs optimization, then increase the weighting coefficient. oh 2. Repeat step 4. In this invention, the following conditions are met: oh 1+ oh 2 = 1 is sufficient. oh 1 and oh The specific value of 2 can be set based on experience and actual project needs.

[0057] The following detailed description of the specific implementation process of the present invention, in conjunction with implementation examples and accompanying drawings, is provided. The implementation examples and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the technical principles and operational procedures of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0058] A proposed revetment project has a length of 3.6 km, with cross-sections spaced at 40 m intervals, totaling 91 cross-sections. The engineering design parameters are as follows: the elevation of the toe trench top is 8.63 m, the elevation of the walkway is 15.5 m, and the capping elevation ranges from 18 to 19 m. The specific implementation steps of this invention are as follows:

[0059] (1) Call module ① to parse the terrain file, and establish the spatial relationship between the plan view and the cross-section view through the coordinate mapping algorithm, that is, to achieve Figure 2 Interrupted surface line start and end points and Figure 3 The coordinates of the beginning and end points of the topographic cross section are accurately matched.

[0060] (2) Setting and generating scheme parameters: The horizontal coordinate adjustment of the foot trench is based on the intersection of the 8.63m elevation line and the terrain section (denoted as X0). The adjustment range is set to [X0-20m, X0+20m], and the adjustment step is 0.2m, generating a total of 201 foot trench position schemes; the slope ratio adjustment range is set to [3,6] (i.e. 1:3 to 1:6), and the adjustment step is 0.5, generating a total of 7 slope ratio schemes; the parameters are combined by calling module ②, and 201×7=1401 design schemes can be generated for each section, and a total of 91×1401=127491 schemes are generated for the whole project.

[0061] (3) Call module ③ to perform quantitative evaluation of all schemes: calculate the total amount of earthwork excavation and backfilling for each scheme based on the micro-element method; calculate the fluctuation rate of the inflection point angle of the plane toe trench polyline to quantify the smoothness of the revetment.

[0062] (4) Comprehensive optimization and scheme output: Set the weight of earthwork volume and smoothness to 0.5. After normalizing the two indicators, call module ④ to calculate the comprehensive index. F ( F =0.5 × normalized earthwork volume + 0.5 × normalized smoothness index); the optimal design scheme is selected based on the minimum value of the comprehensive index F. Figure 2 This exhibition showcases part of the site plan layout of the revetment project. Figure 3 Two typical cross-sectional design schemes are presented. Figure 3 The red dashed line in the image represents the ground line of the existing bank slope.

[0063] Practical applications show that the automated design process of this invention takes only 10 minutes, and the generated scheme can simultaneously meet the requirements of minimizing earthwork volume and structural smoothness, significantly improving design efficiency and reducing errors from manual adjustments.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, characterized in that... The method includes: S1: Read the topographic cross-section data, establish the mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view, and mark the starting and ending cross-sections of the shoreline; S2: Enumerate design schemes, set the adjustment range ΔX and step size of the foot groove position and the adjustment accuracy of the slope ratio, generate design schemes based on the terrain cross-section data of step S1, and each design scheme corresponds to a set of parameters, including the foot groove coordinates and the slope ratio; S3: Based on the topographic cross-section data and the design cross-sections of the enumerated schemes, calculate the earthwork volume for each design scheme. V Based on the mapping relationship between the plan view and the cross-sectional view coordinates, the coordinates of the foot groove of each design scheme are mapped onto the plan view. The included angle of each inflection point of the polyline of the foot groove in the plan view and the smoothness index of each design scheme are calculated. The smoothness index refers to the fluctuation rate of the included angle. σ ; S4: Use the largest earthwork volume among all options. V max and volatility σ max To each V and σ Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and σ norm= σ / σ max By weight ω 1. ω 2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = ω 1 V norm + ω 2 σ norm ,choose F The solution with the smallest value is taken as the optimal design output.

2. The automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that... The volatility σ The calculation methods include: Following the order from upstream to downstream, the included angle at each inflection point of the planar foot groove polyline is constructed as a discrete sequence of data. α i Each of them i Define an instantaneous return value corresponding to an inflection point angle: ； The included angle volatility can be derived from R i The standard deviation is obtained as follows: ； In the formula N The number of inflection points This represents the average angle between the inflection points.

3. The automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that... The weights ω 1. ω The sum of 2 equals 1. If the focus is on economy, then reduce the amount of earthwork and increase the weighting coefficient. ω 1. If aesthetics are the primary concern, optimize the revetment shape and increase the weighting coefficient. ω 2.

4. A system for implementing the automated design method for revetment engineering based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes: The terrain data parsing module is used to read terrain cross-section data, extract the coordinates and elevation information of the bank slope outline, and establish the mapping relationship between the coordinates of the plan view and the cross-section view. The scheme enumeration generation module generates design schemes based on the terrain cross-section data read by the terrain data parsing module. It selects the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and takes the intersection of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and the bank slope cross-section as the initial toe trench position scheme. The horizontal coordinate of the intersection of the elevation line of the top surface of the toe trench and the bank slope cross-section is marked as X0. The adjustment range of the toe trench position is set to [X0-ΔX, X0+ΔX], and the slope ratio adjustment range is set to [2, 6]. All possible design schemes are enumerated through parametric modeling. Each scheme includes the design parameters of the bank protection. The multi-objective evaluation module is used to calculate the earthwork volume of each design scheme based on the elevation difference between the design section and the terrain section, using the infinitesimal element method. V， Map the cross-sectional coordinates of the foot groove to the planar diagram, calculate the angle at each inflection point of the polyline of the planar foot groove, and then calculate the fluctuation rate of the angle. σ To quantify the smoothness of the revetment; The intelligent optimization decision-making module is used to select the maximum earthwork volume among all options. V max and volatility σ max To each V and σ Normalization is performed to obtain the normalized index. V norm = V / V max and σ norm= σ / σ max By weight ω 1. ω 2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation index for slope protection schemes F = ω 1 V norm + ω 2 σ norm ,choose F The solution with the minimum value is taken as the optimal design output, where ω 1 and ω The sum of 2 is 1.

5. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.

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