A tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus test method and system based on a surface wave method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus test method and system based on a surface wave method, relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock elastic model test, and comprises the following steps: collecting surface wave signals through geophones in a plurality of preset geophone holes on a tunnel wall under the premise that an excitation source signal is excited; performing signal conversion on each pretreated surface wave signal to obtain a plurality of first signals of a frequency domain type; performing smoothing summation processing on each first signal subjected to linear dynamic correction processing to obtain an output result; obtaining corresponding surface wave energy data through the output result, and extracting corresponding surface wave dispersion curves based on the surface wave energy data; inversely obtaining surface wave velocities at different depths in surrounding rock according to the surface wave dispersion curves, and calculating the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave velocities; and the test is performed based on the surface wave method, drilling and coring are not needed, and the test has the advantages of high test efficiency, low cost, small disturbance to surrounding rock and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel surrounding rock elastic model testing technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method. Background Technology

[0002] The comprehensive elastic modulus of surrounding rock can provide more accurate key parameter information for tunnel design and construction. This modulus is obtained through wave velocity calculation. Traditional wave velocity testing methods include: one method uses a seismic source excited by blasting vibration, requiring other on-site operations to be halted to avoid interference from other vibration waves besides blasting vibration, thus occupying on-site construction time; the other method uses borehole acoustic detection, requiring deep holes to be drilled and probes inserted, which has disadvantages such as low testing efficiency, high cost, and significant disturbance to the surrounding rock. Both of these currently conventional testing methods are difficult to adopt on a large scale due to their interference with on-site construction and low efficiency.

[0003] Meanwhile, the comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock around the tunnel is an important reference indicator for determining the grade of the surrounding rock and for numerical simulation calculations. The elastic modulus is usually determined by indoor tests using rock cores. On the one hand, this only represents the elastic modulus of a single rock block and does not take into account the rock structure, bedding, joints, and filling materials. The test value is too large and needs to be reduced. On the other hand, it is difficult to obtain the comprehensive rock mass elastic modulus, including parameters such as joints and fissures, quickly and accurately on-site through a series of steps such as sampling, indoor testing, and result analysis.

[0004] Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of rapid, convenient and accurate testing of the comprehensive elastic modulus on site, on-site testing and on-site results, and timely feedback to design and construction, there is an urgent need for a simple, efficient and accurate testing method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method. The test is based on the surface wave method, which eliminates the need for core drilling and has advantages such as high testing efficiency, low cost, and minimal disturbance to the surrounding rock.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This application provides a method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method, including the following specific steps:

[0008] Under the premise of generating a seismic source signal, surface wave signals are collected through detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall;

[0009] Multiple surface wave signals are preprocessed, and each preprocessed surface wave signal is converted into a signal to obtain multiple first signals in the frequency domain.

[0010] Each first signal is subjected to linear dynamic correction, and the first signals after linear dynamic correction are then smoothed and summed to obtain the output result.

[0011] The corresponding surface wave energy data is obtained by outputting the results, and the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve is extracted based on the surface wave energy data.

[0012] Based on the surface wave dispersion curve, the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock is obtained by inversion, and the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is calculated based on the surface wave velocity.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0014] Furthermore, the above preprocessing includes noise reduction processing, specifically:

[0015] The surface wave signal is scaled and the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition are obtained.

[0016] Based on the signal coefficients of each decomposed part, the parts that meet the preset conditions are retained through a preset threshold function;

[0017] The retained parts are reconstructed to obtain a denoised surface wave signal.

[0018] Furthermore, the threshold function described above is specifically as follows:

[0019] ;

[0020] In the formula, These represent the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition. For symbolic functions, Indicates the threshold. This represents the correction factor. This is an adjustment factor.

[0021] Furthermore, the above methods also include:

[0022] Based on the preset velocity change conditions, the location of the velocity change is determined from the surface wave velocities at different depths, and the range of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock is determined from the location of the velocity change.

[0023] Furthermore, the above-mentioned signal conversion of the preprocessed surface wave signal is specifically as follows:

[0024] ;

[0025] In the formula, Indicates the first signal. This indicates a preprocessed surface wave signal. This represents a linear or nonlinear scanning signal within a preset frequency range.

[0026] Furthermore, the above-mentioned linear dynamic correction processing of the first signal is specifically as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula, This indicates the new timeline after correction. For the original timeline, Indicates the offset distance. The phase velocity of the surface wave in Jiading;

[0029] The first signals after linear dynamic correction are smoothed and summed, specifically as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] In the formula, The output result represents the phase velocity. and angular frequency The superposition of energy; The first signal represents the offset distance. and angular frequency The complex spectrum; The offset weighting function is represented by a Gaussian or rectangular window used to suppress noise at long offsets. This is a phase compensation term for linear dynamic correction, used to align phases with different offsets.

[0032] Furthermore, the comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the aforementioned tunnel is as follows:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula, To calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus, This indicates the grade coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Indicates the density of the surrounding rock. Indicates wave speed.

[0035] Secondly, this application provides a tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus testing system based on the surface wave method, applicable to any of the tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus testing methods based on the surface wave method in the first aspect, including:

[0036] The signal acquisition module is used to acquire surface wave signals through detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall, under the premise of exciting the seismic source signal.

[0037] The signal conversion module is used to preprocess multiple surface wave signals and convert each preprocessed surface wave signal into multiple first signals in the frequency domain.

[0038] The smoothing and summing module is used to perform linear dynamic correction processing on each first signal, and then perform smoothing and summing processing on each first signal after linear dynamic correction processing to obtain the output result;

[0039] The dispersion curve acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding surface wave energy data through the output results, and extract the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve based on the surface wave energy data.

[0040] The elastic modulus calculation module is used to invert the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock based on the surface wave dispersion curve, and to calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave velocity.

[0041] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any one of the first aspects.

[0042] Fourthly, this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions that cause a computer to perform any of the methods in the first aspect.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0044] In this application, multiple geophones are arranged longitudinally on the tunnel wall, and a geophone is installed in each geophone. Simultaneously, a seismic source is placed on the tunnel sidewall, with the seismic source and geophone aligned in a straight line. The seismic source is 4-6 meters away from the nearest geophone, exciting a source signal with a frequency range covering the surface wave band. The geophones then collect the surface wave signals reflected back from the rock interfaces at different depths after the source excitation. The collected surface wave signals are processed and analyzed to extract the surface wave dispersion curve. Finally, the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock is obtained through inversion of the surface wave dispersion curve, and the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is calculated based on the surface wave velocity. This method is efficient and convenient. By using the surface wave method for testing, there is no need for core drilling, resulting in high testing efficiency, low cost, and minimal disturbance to the surrounding rock. Furthermore, by arranging multiple geophones, more comprehensive information on the surrounding rock wave velocity can be obtained, improving testing accuracy.

[0045] In this application, the surrounding rock is disturbed during tunnel excavation. The originally dense surrounding rock deforms into the tunnel due to the excavation, causing the surrounding rock to gradually loosen and form a loosening zone. The range and size of the loosening zone directly affect the stability of the tunnel. Generally, the greater the disturbance, the more unstable the surrounding rock. Therefore, accurately determining the range of the loosening zone is of great significance for the dynamic design and construction of the tunnel. This method can not only determine the range of the loosening zone, but also calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock through wave velocity, providing more accurate key parameter information for tunnel design and construction. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the testing method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the test system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy spectrum in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the surface wave dispersion curve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0054] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0056] Example 1: Since the comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock of a tunnel is an important reference indicator for determining the rock mass grade and performing numerical simulation calculations, this example provides a method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method to meet the requirements of rapid, convenient, and accurate on-site testing, providing results on-site, and timely feedback to design and construction. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0057] S1, under the premise of exciting the source signal, the surface wave signal is collected by the detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall. The detector holes can be evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the detectors are tightly coupled to the tunnel wall.

[0058] The system can arrange six or more geophone holes along the longitudinal direction on the tunnel wall, and install a geophone in each geophone hole. The seismic source can be arranged on the tunnel sidewall, with the seismic source and the geophone on the same straight line. The distance between the seismic source and the nearest geophone can be 4-6m. The system can generate a seismic source signal with a frequency range covering the surface wave band. The seismic source signal can be a hammer impact signal. The geophone can collect the surface wave signals generated by the seismic source and reflected back from the surrounding rock interface at different depths.

[0059] S2, preprocesses multiple surface wave signals, and performs signal conversion on each preprocessed surface wave signal to obtain multiple first signals of frequency domain type.

[0060] The original noisy signal can be decomposed into signal coefficients, which are concentrated in the wavelet domain and noise signals that are distributed throughout the wavelet domain. That is, wavelet decomposition can distinguish between signal and noise by wavelet coefficients. Generally, the amplitude of the wavelet coefficients of the decomposed signal is larger than that of the noise coefficients. Wavelet threshold denoising retains the signal with large coefficients and eliminates the noise with small coefficients by selecting an appropriate threshold. After retaining these coefficients, inverse wavelet transform is performed to obtain the denoised signal.

[0061] Optionally, the above preprocessing includes noise reduction processing, specifically:

[0062] S21, scale decompose the surface wave signal and obtain the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition.

[0063] S22, based on the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition, retains the parts that meet the preset conditions through a preset threshold function.

[0064] Specifically, the threshold function mentioned above is:

[0065] ;

[0066] In the formula, These represent the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition. For symbolic functions, Indicates the threshold. This represents the correction factor. To adjust the factor, by controlling and It allows for flexible switching between hard threshold and soft threshold functions.

[0067] Specifically, the threshold function described above can solve the problems of poor continuity and constant deviation that exist in traditional hard and soft threshold denoising functions, and overcome the problems of truncation and constant error at the threshold in traditional threshold functions.

[0068] S23, reconstruct the signals of the retained parts to obtain the surface wave signal after noise reduction.

[0069] Specifically, the above-mentioned signal conversion of the preprocessed surface wave signal includes:

[0070] ;

[0071] In the formula, Indicates the first signal. This indicates a preprocessed surface wave signal. It represents a linear or nonlinear scanning signal within a preset frequency range, and is commonly used for convolution calculation using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). Offset distance, which is the distance between the seismic source and the receiver. For time.

[0072] S3 performs linear dynamic correction on each of the first signals, and then performs smooth summation on each of the first signals after linear dynamic correction to obtain the output result.

[0073] Optionally, the above-mentioned linear dynamic correction processing of the first signal is specifically as follows:

[0074] ;

[0075] In the formula, This indicates the new timeline after correction. For the original timeline, Indicates the offset distance. The phase velocity of the surface wave in Jiading is given; linear dynamic correction is performed to eliminate the phase difference caused by the different wave velocities.

[0076] Furthermore, the first signals after linear dynamic correction are smoothed and summed, specifically as follows:

[0077] ;

[0078] In the formula, The output result represents the phase velocity. and angular frequency The superposition of energy; The first signal represents the offset distance. and angular frequency The complex spectrum; The offset weighting function is represented by a Gaussian or rectangular window used to suppress noise at long offsets. This is a phase compensation term for linear dynamic correction, used to align phases with different offsets.

[0079] S4 obtains the corresponding surface wave energy data through the output results, and extracts the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve based on the surface wave energy data.

[0080] Once the surface wave energy data is obtained, an energy spectrum can be obtained. The surface wave dispersion curve can then be extracted by following the ridge line of the main energy cluster in the energy spectrum.

[0081] S5. Based on the surface wave dispersion curve, the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock is obtained by inversion, and the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is calculated based on the surface wave velocity.

[0082] Specifically, after obtaining the wave velocity at different depths of the surrounding rock by inversion based on the surface wave dispersion curve, the elastic modulus of the surrounding rock can be calculated based on the wave velocity at different depths of the surrounding rock.

[0083] Optionally, the comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is as follows:

[0084] ;

[0085] In the formula, To calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus, This indicates the grade coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Indicates the density of the surrounding rock. Indicates wave speed.

[0086] Specifically, the introduced surrounding rock grade coefficient C is set as follows: Grade I surrounding rock: C = 1.5; Grade II surrounding rock: C = 1.2; Grade III surrounding rock: C = 1.0; Grade IV surrounding rock: C = 0.8; Grade V surrounding rock: C = 0.6.

[0087] During tunnel excavation, the surrounding rock is disturbed. The originally dense surrounding rock deforms into the tunnel due to the excavation, causing the surrounding rock to gradually loosen and form a loosening zone. The range and size of the loosening zone directly affect the stability of the tunnel. Generally, the greater the disturbance, the more unstable the surrounding rock. Therefore, accurately measuring the range of the loosening zone is of great significance for the dynamic design and construction of the tunnel.

[0088] Optionally, the above methods also include:

[0089] Based on the preset velocity change conditions, the location of the velocity change is determined from the surface wave velocities at different depths, and the range of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock is determined from the location of the velocity change.

[0090] Among them, because surface waves have dispersion characteristics, their frequency will change where the geological conditions of the surrounding rock change, which will cause the velocity at the corresponding position of the surface wave dispersion curve to change. If a "zigzag" inflection point is shown, the range of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock can be determined according to the position of the "zigzag" inflection point.

[0091] The following examples will further illustrate this point:

[0092] Six geophone holes were arranged in the tunnel sidewall, with a spacing of 1m between them. A geophone was installed in each hole, tightly coupled to the surrounding rock. A seismic source was positioned 4m from the nearest geophone hole, generating a source signal covering the surface wave band. The surface wave signal generated by the source was acquired using the geophone. The seismic data was preprocessed, including defining arrangement parameters, filtering and denoising, and inter-channel equalization. The preprocessed seismic data was further processed, including removing interference waves other than surface waves. The dispersion spectrum of the retained surface wave region was calculated, and the surface wave domain dispersion curve was extracted along the ridge of the main energy cluster in the energy spectrum. A schematic diagram of the energy spectrum is shown below. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the extracted surface wave domain dispersion curve can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 .

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, the range of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock can be determined based on the location of the zigzag inflection point. The range of the loosened zone is determined to be 8.0 m based on the location of the abrupt change in wave velocity. The comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock is calculated based on the wave velocity near the loosened zone. For Class V surrounding rock, C = 0.6, and the rock density ρ = 2200. The wave velocity V = 260 m / s; that is, the comprehensive elastic modulus: E = 0.6 × 0.6 × 2200 × 260 × 260 = 0.05 GPa.

[0094] This method is highly efficient and convenient. It uses the surface wave method for testing, eliminating the need for core drilling, resulting in high testing efficiency, low cost, and minimal disturbance to the surrounding rock. Furthermore, by arranging multiple detector holes, it can obtain more comprehensive wave velocity information of the surrounding rock, thereby improving testing accuracy.

[0095] Example 2: This application provides a tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus testing system based on the surface wave method, applied to the tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus testing method based on the surface wave method in Example 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0096] The signal acquisition module is used to acquire surface wave signals through detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall, under the premise of exciting the seismic source signal.

[0097] The signal conversion module is used to preprocess multiple surface wave signals and convert each preprocessed surface wave signal into multiple first signals in the frequency domain; wherein, the preprocessing includes noise reduction processing, specifically:

[0098] The surface wave signal is scaled and the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition are obtained.

[0099] Based on the signal coefficients of each decomposed part, the parts that meet the preset conditions are retained by a preset threshold function, which is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] In the formula, These represent the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition. For symbolic functions, Indicates the threshold. This represents the correction factor. This is an adjustment factor.

[0102] The retained parts are reconstructed to obtain a denoised surface wave signal.

[0103] Specifically, the above signal conversion is as follows:

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, Indicates the first signal. This indicates a preprocessed surface wave signal. This represents a linear or nonlinear scanning signal within a preset frequency range.

[0106] The smoothing and summing module is used to perform linear dynamic correction processing on each first signal, and then perform smoothing and summing processing on each first signal after linear dynamic correction processing to obtain the output result.

[0107] Specifically, the linear dynamic correction processing of the first signal described above is as follows:

[0108] ;

[0109] In the formula, This indicates the new timeline after correction. For the original timeline, Indicates the offset distance. The phase velocity of the surface wave in Jiading;

[0110] The first signals after linear dynamic correction are smoothed and summed, specifically as follows:

[0111] ;

[0112] In the formula, The output result represents the phase velocity. and angular frequency The superposition of energy; The first signal represents the offset distance. and angular frequency The complex spectrum; The offset weighting function is represented by a Gaussian or rectangular window used to suppress noise at long offsets. This is a phase compensation term for linear dynamic correction, used to align phases with different offsets.

[0113] The dispersion curve acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding surface wave energy data through the output results, and extract the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve based on the surface wave energy data.

[0114] The elastic modulus calculation module is used to invert the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock based on the surface wave dispersion curve, and to calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave velocity.

[0115] The comprehensive elastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is as follows:

[0116] ;

[0117] In the formula, To calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus, This indicates the grade coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Indicates the density of the surrounding rock. Indicates wave speed.

[0118] Example 3: This application provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of Embodiment 1.

[0119] Example 4: This application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of Example 1.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0121] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0123] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above facts and methods can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program or the program described therein can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes the following steps: at this time, the corresponding method steps are introduced. The storage medium can be ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.

[0125] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: Under the premise of generating a seismic source signal, surface wave signals are collected through detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall; The multiple surface wave signals are preprocessed, and each preprocessed surface wave signal is converted into a frequency domain type first signal; Each of the first signals undergoes linear dynamic correction processing, and the first signals after linear dynamic correction processing are then smoothed and summed to obtain the output result; the linear dynamic correction processing of the first signals specifically involves: ； In the formula, This indicates the new timeline after correction. For the original timeline, Indicates the offset distance. The phase velocity of the surface wave; The first signals after linear dynamic correction are smoothed and summed, specifically as follows: ； In the formula, The output result represents the phase velocity. and angular frequency The superposition of energy; The first signal represents the offset distance. and angular frequency The complex spectrum; The offset weighting function is represented by a Gaussian or rectangular window used to suppress noise at long offsets. This is a phase compensation term for linear dynamic correction, used to align phases at different offsets; The corresponding surface wave energy data is obtained through the output results, and the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve is extracted based on the surface wave energy data. Based on the surface wave dispersion curve, the surface wave velocities at different depths in the surrounding rock are obtained by inversion, and the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is calculated based on the surface wave velocities; the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is specifically as follows: ； In the formula, To calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus, This indicates the grade coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. Indicates the density of the surrounding rock. Indicates wave speed.

2. The method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing includes noise reduction, specifically: The surface wave signal is decomposed by scale, and the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition are obtained. Based on the signal coefficients of each decomposed part, the parts that meet the preset conditions are retained through a preset threshold function; The retained parts are reconstructed to obtain the surface wave signal after noise reduction.

3. The method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The threshold function is specifically: ； In the formula, These represent the signal coefficients of each part after decomposition. For symbolic functions, Indicates the threshold. This represents the correction factor. This is an adjustment factor.

4. The method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on preset velocity change conditions, the location of velocity change is determined from the surface wave velocities at different depths, and the range of the loosened zone of the surrounding rock is determined from the velocity change location.

5. The method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessed surface wave signal is then converted into a signal, specifically as follows: ； In the formula, Indicates the first signal. This indicates a preprocessed surface wave signal. This represents a linear or nonlinear scanning signal within a preset frequency range.

6. A system for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method, applied to the method for testing the comprehensive elastic modulus of tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire surface wave signals through detectors in multiple pre-installed detector holes on the tunnel wall, under the premise of exciting the seismic source signal. The signal conversion module is used to preprocess the multiple surface wave signals and convert each preprocessed surface wave signal into a multiple first signals of frequency domain type. The smoothing and summing module is used to perform linear dynamic correction processing on each of the first signals, and then perform smoothing and summing processing on each of the first signals after linear dynamic correction processing to obtain the output result; The dispersion curve acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding surface wave energy data through the output result, and extract the corresponding surface wave dispersion curve based on the surface wave energy data. The elastic modulus calculation module is used to invert the surface wave velocity at different depths in the surrounding rock based on the surface wave dispersion curve, and to calculate the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock based on the surface wave velocity.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1-5.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.

Images