Real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of river discharge monitoring, in particular to a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge. The system comprises a river flow acquisition module for acquiring the river flow of a fixed position of a river at each moment, and forming a river flow sequence by using the river flow in a preset time period before the current moment; the river flow trend extraction module is used for equally dividing the river flow sequence and determining the runoff mutation degree of each subsequence; obtaining same-potential sequences of the data, and determining runoff different potential degrees of the same-potential sequences of the data; constructing a river tense difference of the river flow; the river ecological discharge adjusting module is used for determining the correction proportion of the river flow at the current moment; correcting the river flow at the current moment by utilizing the river flow sequence after data smoothing and combining the correction proportion, and determining the ecological discharge regulating quantity of the river at the current moment; according to the method, the adjustment adaptability of the river ecological discharge amount is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of river discharge monitoring technology, specifically to a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge. Background Technology

[0002] River ecological release refers to the artificial control of river flow to ensure that a certain amount of water is released into the river or water body in order to maintain or restore the health and stability of the ecological environment. Ecological release requires precise regulation based on factors such as seasonal changes, watershed ecological needs, and climatic conditions. Currently, river ecological release suffers from overly mechanized operations and a lack of real-time ecological monitoring and dynamic adjustments, resulting in a mismatch between water flow and actual ecological needs, thus affecting the effectiveness of ecological restoration.

[0003] Moreover, river flow is usually measured by a combination of water level and flow velocity. However, the actual flow conditions of rivers are quite complex. If the calculation of river flow is not adaptable to a specific area, it can easily lead to errors in the measurement results, which can further interfere with the determination of the discharge volume, resulting in the discharge volume failing to achieve the expected effect and affecting the achievement of ecological restoration goals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge, and the specific technical solution adopted is as follows: This application proposes a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge, the system comprising: The river flow acquisition module collects the river flow at fixed locations at various times and combines the river flow within a preset time period before the current time into a river flow sequence. The river flow trend extraction module divides the river flow sequence equally, determines the runoff abrupt change degree of each subsequence based on the difference in the change trend between each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences after equal division, and merges the subsequences according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff abrupt change degree of all subsequences to obtain the data homogeneous sequences. By identifying the numerical differences between each data homomorphic sequence and its adjacent data homomorphic sequences, the runoff anisotropy of each data homomorphic sequence is determined. Based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff anisotropy of all data homomorphic sequences, the data homomorphic sequences are merged to obtain each homomorphic change sequence. By analyzing the numerical and quantitative differences between the last homomorphic change sequence and the remaining homomorphic change sequences within the preset time period, the temporal differences in river flow can be obtained. The river ecological discharge regulation module determines the correction ratio of the river flow at the current moment based on the temporal differences of the river; and corrects the river flow at the current moment by using the smoothed river flow sequence and the correction ratio. By using the difference between the current corrected river flow and the target river flow, the ecological release regulation amount of the river at the current moment can be determined.

[0005] In one embodiment, determining the runoff abrupt change includes: Linear fitting is performed on each subsequence to obtain the slope of the fitted line for each subsequence. The sum of all elements in each subsequence is calculated. Based on the difference in the slope of each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences, as well as the difference in the sum, the runoff abruptness is determined.

[0006] In one embodiment, the difference in slope between each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences is denoted as the first difference, and the difference in the sum of each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences is denoted as the second difference. The runoff abrupt change is positively correlated with both the first difference and the second difference.

[0007] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the data homopotential sequence is as follows: The runoff mutation degrees of all subsequences are combined into a runoff mutation sequence. All maxima in the runoff mutation sequence are obtained. Based on the position of the maxima in the runoff mutation sequence, the runoff mutation sequence is segmented to determine the isopotential sequences of each data.

[0008] In one embodiment, the subsequences corresponding to the runoff abrupt change degree between two adjacent maxima in the runoff abrupt change sequence are merged to obtain a data homopotential sequence, wherein the data homopotential sequence does not include the subsequences corresponding to the maxima; For the first and last maxima in the runoff mutation sequence, the subsequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degree before the first maxima are merged, and the subsequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degree after the last maxima are merged.

[0009] In one embodiment, determining the runoff anisotropy includes: Each data homopotential sequence is completed by supplementing it with its neighboring data homopotential sequences. The metric distance between each completed data homopotential sequence and its neighboring data homopotential sequences is calculated. The difference between the elements at the same position in each completed data homopotential sequence and its neighboring data homopotential sequences is calculated to form a difference sequence. Determine the absolute value of the difference between the number of positive values ​​and the number of negative values ​​in the difference sequence; fuse the absolute value of the difference with the metric distance to obtain the runoff anisotropy of each data homopotential sequence.

[0010] In one embodiment, determining the homomorphic change sequence includes: The runoff anisotropy of all data homopotential sequences is combined into a runoff anisopotential sequence. Each maximum value in the runoff anisopotential sequence is obtained. The data homopotential sequences corresponding to the runoff anisopotential between each maximum value and the previous maximum value are merged to obtain a homomorphic sequence. The homomorphic sequence includes the data homopotential sequence corresponding to the previous maximum value, but does not include the data homopotential sequences corresponding to each maximum value. For the first maximum in the runoff anomaly sequence, the data sequences corresponding to the runoff anomaly before the first maximum are merged. For the last maximum in the runoff anomaly sequence, the data sequences corresponding to the runoff anomaly after the last maximum are merged.

[0011] In one embodiment, determining the temporal differences of the river includes: Calculate the mean of all elements in the last homomorphic sequence, denoted as the first mean; calculate the mean of all elements in the remaining homomorphic sequences, denoted as the second mean; determine the absolute value of the difference between the first mean and the second mean, denoted as the first absolute value of the difference; Calculate the sum of the number of elements in all homomorphic sequences within the preset time period, and determine the proportion of the difference between the sum and the number of elements in the last homomorphic sequence in the sum; The temporal difference of the river is the product of the absolute value of the first difference and the percentage.

[0012] In one embodiment, the correction percentage is the product of the normalized value of the temporal difference of the river and a preset maximum correction percentage.

[0013] In one embodiment, the correction of the river flow at the current moment based on the correction ratio is expressed as follows: In the formula, This is the corrected river flow rate at the current moment. The current river flow rate. This refers to the value of the last element in the smoothed river flow sequence. This represents the corrected percentage of the river flow at the current moment.

[0014] This application has the following beneficial effects: This application uses a river flow trend extraction module to evenly divide the river flow sequence. Based on the difference in the changing trends between each subsequence and its adjacent subsequences after equalization, the runoff abrupt change degree of each subsequence is determined. This improves the sensitivity of the river flow abrupt change response, accurately captures short-term river flow anomalies, and avoids missing sudden hydrological events. Based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff abrupt change degree of all subsequences, the subsequences are merged to obtain data homogeneous sequences. This reduces redundant calculations and improves data processing speed. By analyzing the numerical differences between each data homogeneous sequence and its adjacent data homogeneous sequences, the runoff anisotropy degree of each data homogeneous sequence is determined. The determination of runoff anisotropy degree strengthens trend consistency identification, effectively distinguishes between natural fluctuations and abnormal disturbances in water flow, identifies the changing characteristics of river flow in different time periods, and improves the monitoring accuracy of river flow. The data homogeneous sequences are merged to obtain... The method involves analyzing the numerical and quantitative differences between the last homomorphic change sequence within the preset time period and the remaining homomorphic change sequences to obtain the river temporal differences in river flow. Determining these river temporal differences quantifies the degree to which the current river flow deviates from historical norms, improving the sensitivity and reliability of river flow error monitoring. Furthermore, a river ecological discharge regulation module is constructed to determine the correction ratio of the current river flow based on the river temporal differences. This improves the scientific rigor of river flow correction, ensuring that the correction process considers both short-term abrupt changes and long-term trends. The smoothed river flow sequence, combined with the correction ratio, is used to correct the current river flow. This helps suppress noise interference, improves the accuracy of river flow correction, enhances the adaptability of river ecological discharge regulation, and ensures the health and sustainability of the river ecosystem. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A block diagram of a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A block diagram for the river flow trend extraction module; Figure 3 A block diagram illustrating the implementation of the river ecological discharge regulation module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this application to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological release proposed in this application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge provided in this application.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a block diagram of a real-time monitoring system for river ecological release provided in one embodiment of this application. The system includes: a river flow acquisition module 101, a river flow trend extraction module 102, and a river ecological release regulation module 103.

[0021] The river flow acquisition module 101 collects the river flow at fixed locations at various times and combines the river flow within a preset time period before the current time into a river flow sequence.

[0022] First, ultrasonic transducers are installed on both banks of the river. These transducers act as transmitters and receivers for each other. The angle between the straight line connecting the two transducers and the river's flow direction is... , The range of values ​​is In this embodiment In the process of river flow measurement, an ultrasonic transducer on one bank of the river emits ultrasonic waves, and an ultrasonic transducer on the other bank receives the ultrasonic waves. Then, the transmitting and receiving functions of the two ultrasonic transducers are interchanged, and the average flow velocity of the river is calculated based on the time difference detected by the upstream and downstream transmission. In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is set to 1MHz. The process of calculating the average flow velocity of the river using the time difference is a well-known technique, and the specific calculation process will not be elaborated here. The implementer can set the operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer according to the actual situation; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0023] Secondly, an ultrasonic depth sounder is used directly above the river's surface to emit ultrasonic signals into the water and receive the signals reflected back from the riverbed. The river depth is calculated based on the speed of sound and round-trip time of the ultrasonic waves. Multiple measurements are taken at different locations directly above the river to obtain the river's cross-sectional curve. The river's cross-sectional area is then obtained by integrating the curve. The river flow rate is calculated by dividing the cross-sectional area by the average flow velocity. The calculation of river flow rate is a well-known technique, and the specific process will not be elaborated upon.

[0024] In this embodiment, river flow data is collected every 5 seconds. The river flow within a preset time period before the current moment is arranged in chronological order to form a river flow sequence. In this embodiment, the preset time period is 1 hour. The implementer can set the river flow collection time interval and the length of the preset time period according to the actual situation. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0025] River flow trend extraction module 102, (1) divides the river flow sequence equally, and determines the runoff mutation degree of each subsequence based on the difference in the change trend between each subsequence and its adjacent subsequence after equal division; according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff mutation degree of all subsequences, the subsequences are merged to obtain each data homogeneous sequence.

[0026] When rivers are affected by rainfall and agricultural irrigation, river flow will increase or decrease. In the early stages of river flow changes, the increase or decrease in river flow is a sudden result, leading to a significant difference in river flow before and after the change, and reducing the similarity of the data. Therefore, when there are large sudden changes in river flow series data, it indicates that the water volume in the river may suddenly increase or decrease. For example, a sudden increase in rainfall intensity leads to an increase in river flow, while an increase in agricultural irrigation intensity leads to a decrease in river flow.

[0027] Therefore, in this embodiment, the river flow sequence is uniformly divided into N subsequences, denoted as river flow subsequences. In this embodiment, N is set to 60 to characterize the change in river flow over a short period. Each river flow subsequence is used as input for least squares line fitting, and the output is the fitted line. The slope of the fitted line is obtained to characterize the trend of river flow change over a short period. The least squares line fitting method is a well-known technique, and its specific process will not be elaborated further. Therefore, the runoff abrupt change degree of each subsequence is calculated, with the specific expression as follows: In the formula, Let be the runoff abrupt change degree of the i-th subsequence. Let be the slope of the fitted line for the i-th subsequence. Let be the slope of the fitted line for the (i-1)th subsequence. Let be the sum of all elements in the i-th subsequence. This is the cumulative sum of all elements in the (i-1)th subsequence. This is recorded as the first difference. This is denoted as the second difference.

[0028] It should be noted that the difference represents the degree of difference between two variables, and can be calculated using methods such as the absolute value of the difference, the square of the difference, or the ratio. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0029] When river flow encounters sudden events, such as torrential rains or rapid changes in irrigation water use, river flow will fluctuate significantly. The greater the intensity of the sudden event, the more drastic the changes in river flow. In such situations, the trend and total amount of river flow before and after the event will exhibit strong changes, increasing the differences in river flow trends and total flow amounts, thus significantly increasing the runoff abruptness of subsequences. By monitoring the runoff abruptness of subsequences, abnormal changes in river flow can be effectively detected, providing important data for flood warning and water resource management.

[0030] The runoff abrupt change degree of all subsequences of the river flow sequence is arranged in chronological order to obtain the runoff abrupt change sequence. The greater the runoff abrupt change degree of the river flow subsequence, the more likely it is that the water environment around the river has changed, such as rainfall or irrigation water use, causing a sudden change in river flow. It is also possible that aquatic animals or floating debris in the water affect the speed of ultrasonic wave propagation in the river, thus affecting the river flow measurement. However, in this case, the influence of measurement error is accidental, so the change in river flow is a sudden and instantaneous change.

[0031] The time duration of river flow changes differs in the two scenarios described above. Rainfall and irrigation water use cause changes over a longer period, while the measurement error caused by aquatic animals and floating debris is shorter. Therefore, this embodiment uses the runoff mutation sequence as input to the maximum value detection algorithm, and outputs all the maximum values ​​in the runoff mutation sequence along with their coordinates. The maximum value detection algorithm is a well-known technique, and its specific process will not be elaborated further.

[0032] The coordinates of all maxima in the runoff mutation sequence are arranged in ascending order to form a segmentation sequence. This segmentation sequence is then used to segment the river flow sequence. The segmentation method is as follows: for example, if the segmentation sequence is {5,26,35}, the subsequences corresponding to the first four runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; the subsequences corresponding to the 6th to 25th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; the subsequences corresponding to the 27th to 34th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; and the subsequences corresponding to the 36th to 60th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence. Since the maxima in the runoff mutation sequence may be anomalous data, the subsequences at those locations are not included in the segmentation. The merged sequence is denoted as the data homogeneous sequence. This provides multiple data homogeneous sequences, effectively removing the influence of anomalous data caused by aquatic animals and floating debris on the monitoring results.

[0033] (2) Determine the runoff anisotropy of each data homomorphic sequence by the numerical difference between each data homomorphic sequence and its neighboring data homomorphic sequences; merge the data homomorphic sequences based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff anisotropy of all data homomorphic sequences to obtain each homomorphic change sequence.

[0034] When the differences between adjacent data sequences of similar potential are small, it indicates that the runoff anomaly caused by the corresponding subsequences between the two data sequences of similar potential is due to measurement errors caused by aquatic animals or floating debris in the water. Conversely, it indicates that the changes in river flow are caused by rainfall or irrigation water use. Therefore, this embodiment calculates the runoff anomaly of each data sequence of similar potential, with the specific expression as follows: In the formula, Let represent the runoff anisotropy of the j-th data sequence. First, the j-th data sequence and the (j-1)-th data sequence are padded using polynomial interpolation to ensure that the lengths of the j-th data sequence and the (j-1)-th data sequence are equal. This represents the distance between the j-th and (j-1)-th data sequences that are homogeneous after completion. The alternation coefficient represents the alternation coefficient between the j-th and (j-1)-th data sequences with the same potential. The alternation coefficient is calculated by calculating the difference between each element in the completed j-th data sequence and the element at the same position in the (j-1)-th data sequence, obtaining a difference sequence. The absolute value of the difference between the number of positive and negative values ​​in the difference sequence is determined as the alternation coefficient, used to characterize the variation in river flow. In this embodiment, the distance measurement is calculated using Euclidean distance; implementers can choose other existing feasible distance measurement calculation methods. Polynomial interpolation is a known technique; implementers can choose other existing feasible interpolation methods.

[0035] It should be understood that when river flow is affected by external factors at different times, such as changes in rainfall patterns or adjustments to agricultural irrigation activities, the trend and total amount of flow changes will differ significantly. The greater the intensity of this influence, the more pronounced the differences in flow changes; that is, the trend difference between a data sequence with the same potential and its predecessor is also more significant, meaning the alternation coefficient will increase, resulting in a significant increase in runoff anisotropy. By calculating runoff anisotropy, the changing characteristics of river flow at different times can be effectively identified, which helps in the rational allocation of water resources and the protection of river ecosystems.

[0036] The calculated runoff anomalies are arranged in the order of the data anomaly sequence to obtain the runoff anomaly sequence. When a maximum point appears in the runoff anomaly sequence, it indicates that rainfall or agricultural irrigation, among other factors, caused a change in river flow during the monitoring period. Therefore, the runoff anomaly sequence is used as input to the maximum value algorithm, and the output is the maximum value and its location. The location of maxima is used to merge homomorphic sequences. For example, in a runoff anomaly sequence with maxima at {3,6,8} and a length of n, the sequences corresponding to the first to the second runoff anomaly are merged; the sequences corresponding to the third to the fifth runoff anomaly are merged; the sequences corresponding to the sixth to the seventh runoff anomaly are merged; and the sequences corresponding to the eighth to the nth runoff anomaly are merged. Because runoff anomalies are calculated between a homomorphic sequence and its preceding counterpart, when a sudden change occurs, the preceding homomorphic sequence corresponds to the earlier part of the change. Therefore, when merging, the homomorphic sequence corresponding to the maxima should be the first merged item, excluding the homomorphic sequence corresponding to the next maxima. The merged sequence is denoted as a homomorphic sequence.

[0037] (3) Analyze the numerical and quantitative differences between the last homomorphic change sequence and the remaining homomorphic change sequences within the preset time period to obtain the river temporal differences of river flow.

[0038] When the difference between the last homomorphic change sequence within the preset time period and its preceding homomorphic change sequences is significant, it indicates that the river state at the current moment is significantly different from the previous river state. Therefore, this embodiment calculates the temporal difference of river flow at the current moment, specifically as follows: In the formula, The temporal variation of river flow at the current moment. The first mean is the average of all elements in the last homomorphic sequence within the preset time period. The second mean is the average of all elements in all homomorphic sequences remaining within the preset time period, excluding the last homomorphic sequence. This indicates the number of elements in the last homomorphic sequence within the preset time period. This represents the sum of the number of elements in all homomorphic sequences within the preset time period. This is denoted as the absolute value of the first difference. The implementation block diagram of the river flow trend extraction module is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0039] It should be understood that when the river's state is affected by external factors at different time periods, the characteristics of the river's flow state will change significantly. The greater the intensity of the external factor's influence, and due to the accumulation of the influence over time, the greater the numerical difference between the last homomorphic change sequence and the preceding homomorphic change sequences within the preset time period. Furthermore, the shorter the length of the last homomorphic change sequence, the shorter the time of the sudden change, resulting in greater temporal differences in the river.

[0040] River ecological discharge regulation module 103, (1) Based on the temporal differences of the river, determine the correction ratio of the river flow at the current moment; use the smoothed river flow sequence to correct the river flow at the current moment in combination with the correction ratio.

[0041] When a river's condition remains highly consistent over a long period, it indicates that the river's operation is relatively stable, with no sudden weather events or other factors affecting its flow. In other words, the temporal variation in river flow is smaller under these conditions. Therefore, in the process of correcting real-time river flow data, a greater temporal variation indicates that the current river data is influenced by sudden events, and a larger correction percentage should be applied during the correction process. This is because the river flow data at this time often provides more accurate short-term trend information. Thus, the correction percentage for the current river flow is determined as follows: In the formula, This indicates the corrected percentage of the river flow at the current moment. This represents the preset maximum correction percentage, with a value range of [0.7, 0.9]. In this embodiment... 0.7, The temporal variation of river flow at the current moment. This represents the normalization function.

[0042] In the calculation of the current river flow correction ratio, the shorter the time period when the river state is the same as at the current moment, the more sudden the situation in the river has occurred, resulting in a greater difference in the river flow temporality. Therefore, the current river flow data should be trusted more when calculating data correction, thus making the current river flow correction ratio larger.

[0043] The river flow series is used as input to the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) algorithm, and the output is a smoothed river flow series. The last element value in the smoothed river flow series is denoted as the trend reference value Su, which is used to correct the river flow. Specifically: ,in, This represents the corrected river flow rate at the current moment. This represents the river flow at the current moment. The EMA algorithm is a well-known existing technology, and implementers can choose other feasible data smoothing algorithms, such as exponential moving average, Gaussian smoothing, etc. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0044] (2) Determine the ecological discharge regulation amount of the river at the current time by using the difference between the corrected river flow and the target river flow.

[0045] The ecological release regulation amount is obtained by subtracting the current corrected river flow from the target river flow. In this embodiment, the target river flow is the average river flow measured over the past year. The implementer can determine the target river flow according to the actual situation; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions. Furthermore, the ecological release regulation amount is transmitted to a release station upstream of the river to regulate the released water volume. Release stations include hydropower stations, reservoirs, dams, etc. The implementation block diagram of the river ecological release regulation module is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0046] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge, characterized in that, The system includes: The river flow acquisition module collects the river flow at fixed locations at various times and combines the river flow within a preset time period before the current time into a river flow sequence. The river flow trend extraction module divides the river flow sequence equally, determines the runoff abrupt change degree of each subsequence based on the difference in the change trend between each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences after equal division, and merges the subsequences according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff abrupt change degree of all subsequences to obtain the data homogeneous sequences. By identifying the numerical differences between each data homomorphic sequence and its adjacent data homomorphic sequences, the runoff anisotropy of each data homomorphic sequence is determined. Based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff anisotropy of all data homomorphic sequences, the data homomorphic sequences are merged to obtain each homomorphic change sequence. By analyzing the numerical and quantitative differences between the last homomorphic change sequence and the remaining homomorphic change sequences within the preset time period, the temporal differences in river flow can be obtained. The river ecological discharge regulation module determines the correction ratio of the river flow at the current moment based on the temporal differences of the river; and corrects the river flow at the current moment by using the smoothed river flow sequence and the correction ratio. By using the difference between the current corrected river flow and the target river flow, the ecological release regulation amount of the river at the current moment can be determined.

2. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the runoff abrupt change includes: Linear fitting is performed on each subsequence to obtain the slope of the fitted line for each subsequence. The sum of all elements in each subsequence is calculated. Based on the difference in the slope of each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences, as well as the difference in the sum, the runoff abruptness is determined.

3. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The difference in slope between each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences is denoted as the first difference, and the difference in the sum of each subsequence and its neighboring subsequences is denoted as the second difference. The runoff abrupt change is positively correlated with both the first difference and the second difference.

4. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the data homopotential sequence is as follows: The runoff mutation degrees of all subsequences are combined into a runoff mutation sequence. All maxima in the runoff mutation sequence are obtained. Based on the position of the maxima in the runoff mutation sequence, the runoff mutation sequence is segmented to determine the isopotential sequences of each data.

5. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The subsequences corresponding to the runoff abrupt change degree between two adjacent maxima in the runoff abrupt change sequence are merged to obtain the data homopotential sequence, wherein the data homopotential sequence does not include the subsequences corresponding to the maxima; For the first and last maxima in the runoff mutation sequence, the subsequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degree before the first maxima are merged, and the subsequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degree after the last maxima are merged.

6. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the runoff anisotropy includes: Each data homopotential sequence is completed by supplementing it with its neighboring data homopotential sequences. The metric distance between each completed data homopotential sequence and its neighboring data homopotential sequences is calculated. The difference between the elements at the same position in each completed data homopotential sequence and its neighboring data homopotential sequences is calculated to form a difference sequence. Determine the absolute value of the difference between the number of positive values ​​and the number of negative values ​​in the difference sequence; fuse the absolute value of the difference with the metric distance to obtain the runoff anisotropy of each data homopotential sequence.

7. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the homomorphic transformation sequence includes: The runoff anisotropy of all data homopotential sequences is combined into a runoff anisopotential sequence. Each maximum value in the runoff anisopotential sequence is obtained. The data homopotential sequences corresponding to the runoff anisopotential between each maximum value and the previous maximum value are merged to obtain a homomorphic sequence. The homomorphic sequence includes the data homopotential sequence corresponding to the previous maximum value, but does not include the data homopotential sequences corresponding to each maximum value. For the first maximum in the runoff anomaly sequence, the data sequences corresponding to the runoff anomaly before the first maximum are merged. For the last maximum in the runoff anomaly sequence, the data sequences corresponding to the runoff anomaly after the last maximum are merged.

8. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the temporal differences in the river includes: Calculate the mean of all elements in the last homomorphic sequence, denoted as the first mean; calculate the mean of all elements in the remaining homomorphic sequences, denoted as the second mean; determine the absolute value of the difference between the first mean and the second mean, denoted as the first absolute value of the difference; Calculate the sum of the number of elements in all homomorphic sequences within the preset time period, and determine the proportion of the difference between the sum and the number of elements in the last homomorphic sequence in the sum; The temporal difference of the river is the product of the absolute value of the first difference and the percentage.

9. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The correction percentage is the product of the normalized value of the temporal difference of the river and the preset maximum correction percentage.

10. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The river flow at the current moment is corrected by combining the corrected proportion, and the expression is: In the formula, This is the corrected river flow rate at the current moment. The current river flow rate. This refers to the value of the last element in the smoothed river flow sequence. This represents the corrected percentage of the river flow at the current moment.

Images