Tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization method and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization method and equipment, and the electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization method comprises an inner mold vulcanization method and an outer mold vulcanization method. The inner mold vulcanizing device comprises an electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism, a capsule, a lower mold, a lower side mold, a ring seat cylinder head, an electromagnetic wave radiation seat or a lamp tube flange, an outer cover, an infrared vulcanizing instrument or a microwave vulcanizing instrument, a heat energy reflecting layer and a heat preservation layer; the outer mold vulcanizing device comprises an electromagnetic heating device, a base, a middle mold sleeve, a guide strip, an antifriction plate, a pattern block, an arch-shaped seat, an upper ring, an upper cover plate, an upper side mold, an upper mold, a central shaft, an upper chuck and a tire; the inner mold is filled with a heating medium through the ring seat cylinder head, the electromagnetic wave vulkameter is electrified to rotate and is heated through microwaves or infrared waves, and the outer mold transmits heat to an outward tire blank through the arch-shaped seat and the pattern block structure. The electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization is used for replacing a traditional vulcanization method, an existing boiler is eliminated, environmental pollution is reduced, the energy utilization rate is increased, and the temperature uniformity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tire production equipment, and more specifically to a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization method and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, tire vulcanization is a crucial step in its manufacturing process. Traditional vulcanization involves using superheated water or steam to transfer heat to both sides of the tire blank through the bladder and tread blocks. Under high heat and pressure, a chemical cross-linking reaction occurs between the rubber compound and the vulcanizing agent inside the tire blank. After the tire blank is vulcanized, shaped, and cooled, a finished tire with a beautiful tread pattern and good mechanical properties is obtained. However, the existing process has certain drawbacks. First, superheated water produces condensate during vulcanization and deposits at the bottom, leading to uneven temperature distribution on the tire sidewalls and uneven overall tire mass distribution. Second, the temperature and pressure of superheated water are combined during use, making it difficult to adapt to the vulcanization requirements of various tire models, resulting in an increased defect rate. Third, the middle mold and upper and lower heating plates require complex steam pipes, which not only significantly increases costs but also makes maintenance difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization method and equipment. First, the inner cavity is heated by electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic microwaves or infrared lamps are used to radiate and heat nitrogen gas, replacing superheated water or steam to provide heat to the inner side of the tire blank. This effectively avoids problems such as condensate deposition and uneven mass distribution, and eliminates the need for traditional boilers, reducing carbon emissions and promoting the future development of the tire industry towards green and intelligent practices. Second, electromagnetic heating is used to provide heat to the outer side of the tire blank instead of superheated water or steam, enabling intelligent temperature and pressure control, improving vulcanization accuracy. Furthermore, this technology allows the heated material to generate its own heat, reducing heat loss due to heat conduction and resulting in significant energy savings.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization method, wherein the tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization method is divided into an inner mold vulcanization method and an outer mold vulcanization method, wherein the inner mold vulcanization is divided into capsule vulcanization or capsuleless vulcanization, and both can be equipped with microwave vulcanization and infrared vulcanization, wherein the outer mold vulcanization utilizes electromagnetic heating to provide heat to the outer side of the tire blank.

[0005] This invention also provides a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment, which is divided into an inner mold and an outer mold. The inner mold uses an electromagnetic radiation instrument to heat the gas and provide heat to the inside of the tire blank. The device rotates at a constant speed during the heating process, making the internal gas heating more uniform. The electromagnetic radiation instrument is divided into a microwave vulcanizer and an infrared vulcanizer. The outer mold is equipped with an electromagnetic heating device to heat the middle mold sleeve and the hot plate, respectively. In order to make the gas temperature in the inner mold uniform, a fan gear mechanism is provided on the central shaft of the inner mold. The fan gear mechanism drives the fan to rotate through gear transmission, thereby achieving the effect of further and rapidly diffusing the heating medium and quickly transferring heat to the tire blank.

[0006] The microwave vulcanizing apparatus is positioned above the central axis of the central mechanism and can rotate axially. It is cylindrical in shape and has an outer cover on the outermost side. Small holes are evenly arranged on the outer cover along the circumference. Magnetrons are arranged along the circumference on the inner side of the outer cover, with a gap between them and the outer cover. The magnetrons are fixed at the top and bottom by flanges respectively. The inner side of the magnetron is a heat-reflecting layer, with a gap between them. The heat-reflecting layer is fixed to the inner side of the flange, and insulation cotton is placed inside it to prevent more heat from being transferred to the central axis. The outer cover, magnetrons, flanges, heat-reflecting layer, and insulation layer are all located below the base.

[0007] The main structure of the infrared vulcanizer is the same as that of the microwave vulcanizer, except that the internal magnetron is replaced with an infrared lamp.

[0008] The capsule-type vulcanizing equipment can be heated by either a microwave vulcanizer or an infrared vulcanizer. The microwave vulcanizer rapidly heats the gas, and the heating medium is rapidly diffused by the fan gear mechanism. The heat is then transferred to the inside of the tire blank through the capsule. Due to the optimized and upgraded heating method, pressure and temperature no longer need to be linked, and problems such as uneven mass distribution caused by condensate deposition and complex pipeline maintenance difficulties can be effectively avoided.

[0009] The bladderless vulcanizing equipment described above can be heated using either a microwave vulcanizer or an infrared vulcanizer. The main difference lies in eliminating the bladder and directly heating the inside of the tire blank, thus improving vulcanization efficiency. The most crucial structural element is the addition of a bead seal, which consists of multiple layers of rubber and fiber materials to create a robust, strip-like structure. This structure is typically made of natural or synthetic rubber, offering excellent sealing performance and wear resistance. These rubber layers wrap around the tire bead to ensure a gas seal. Furthermore, the seal usually incorporates fiber materials, such as nylon or polyester fibers, to enhance its strength and durability. Additionally, one side of the seal can be coated with an adhesive to ensure the strip adheres firmly to the bead, preventing gas leakage.

[0010] The electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment described above has significant advantages in the production of outward-facing tires. Because the bead of outward-facing tires opens outward, the heat generated by infrared radiation or microwave radiation can directly heat the inner wall of the tire blank, greatly improving the vulcanization efficiency and making the tread, sidewall and bead area more uniformly heated.

[0011] The microwave vulcanizer uses the electric field of microwaves to cause molecules to rotate continuously in the electric field, thereby generating friction and converting energy into heat. By utilizing the absorption characteristics of microwave radiation, it heats materials by converting energy into heat, thus eliminating the need for existing boilers.

[0012] The microwave vulcanization process consists of the following steps: Microwave vulcanization first generates microwave electromagnetic radiation through a microwave generator, located in the radio frequency range, typically 2.45 GHz (gigahertz); the generated microwaves are transmitted to the heating chamber inside the capsule through a waveguide; when the microwave radiation irradiates the internal heating medium, it causes interactions between molecules, resulting in molecular vibration and friction, which generate heat energy; the internal gear transmission mechanism drives the fan blades to rotate, so that as much internal heat as possible is conducted to the inner surface of the capsule or the inner surface of the tire blank; the heat is transferred through the capsule to the inside of the tire blank, and when the temperature reaches the specified vulcanization temperature, the temperature control system sends a feedback signal to the microwave system to stop heating.

[0013] The infrared vulcanizing apparatus utilizes infrared radiation to generate heat and heat materials. This process is also a form of electromagnetic radiation, with a frequency range between visible light and microwaves, typically divided into near-infrared, mid-infrared, and far-infrared regions. Unlike traditional heating methods, there is no direct physical contact between the radiation source and the material, thus preventing contamination or wear. Infrared vulcanizing heating is usually very rapid because energy can be quickly transferred to the internal medium, and heat is conducted to the inner side of the tire blank.

[0014] The infrared vulcanizing apparatus operates in the following steps: First, infrared radiation is generated through a specific radiation source, such as an infrared lamp or an infrared heater. Then, the infrared radiation transfers energy to the internal heating medium, converting it into heat energy, causing the object to heat up. Different substances absorb infrared radiation differently, thus the heating effect varies depending on the substance. An internal gear transmission mechanism drives the fan blades to rotate, allowing as much internal heat as possible to be conducted to the inner surface of the capsule or the tire blank. A temperature sensor and feedback control system are installed inside the tire blank to ensure that the radiation source is stopped or adjusted when the desired temperature is reached.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. This invention uses electromagnetic wave radiation heating technology, which has a fast heating speed, high heating efficiency, and improves energy utilization.

[0017] 2. This invention uses electromagnetic heating to generate its own heat, which is a clean energy source. It avoids secondary energy waste caused by heat transfer, improves heating efficiency, and has a significant energy-saving effect.

[0018] 3. This invention uses electromagnetic radiation heating technology and electromagnetic heating technology to eliminate existing boilers and complex pipeline designs, reduce equipment usage, and save equipment space.

[0019] 4. This invention can effectively shorten the preheating and vulcanization time, improve production efficiency, and the surface temperature is lower, which greatly reduces the workshop environment.

[0020] 5. This invention is applicable to the vulcanization manufacturing of outward-facing tires, ensuring uniform heating of the tread, sidewall, and bead areas, and allowing for the application of full positive pressure to the inner side of the tire blank, resulting in a more uniform mass distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 AA view of an electromagnetic radiation capsule vulcanizing machine for tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a view AA of an electromagnetic wave radiation capsule-free vulcanizing machine for tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This invention relates to a built-in electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism for a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization equipment.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a BB view of the electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism of a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization equipment according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is an overall assembly diagram of the electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism of a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization equipment according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a view of the lamp tube of the electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism of a tire electromagnetic wave radiation vulcanization equipment according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a partial view of the fan gear transmission mechanism of a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-middle mold sleeve, 3-guide strip, 4-friction reduction plate, 5-patterned block, 6-arch seat, 7-upper ring, 8-upper cover plate, 9-upper side mold, 10-upper mold, 11-central shaft, 12-upper clamping plate, 13-outward tire, 14-electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism, 15-capsule, 16-lower mold, 17-lower side mold, 18-ring seat cylinder head, 19-electromagnetic wave radiation seat, 20-outer cover, 21-lamp radiation source, 22-lamp flange, 23-heat energy reflective layer, 24-insulation layer, 25-sealant, 26-lower clamping plate, 27-fan, 28-gear transmission mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention relates to a tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment, which is divided into an inner mold vulcanization equipment and an outer mold vulcanization equipment, such as... Figures 3-6 As shown, the inner mold assembly is positioned above the central shaft 11 of the central mechanism and can rotate axially. It is cylindrical in shape. The outermost part of the assembly has an outer cover 20 with small holes evenly distributed along its circumference. Inside the outer cover 20, lamp radiation sources 21 are arranged circumferentially. Inside the lamp radiation sources 21 is a heat-reflecting layer 23, with a gap between them. The heat-reflecting layer 23 is fixed to the inside of a flange 22. An insulation layer 24 is placed inside the flange 22 to prevent further heat transfer to the central shaft. Below the outer cover 20, lamp radiation sources 21, flange 22, heat-reflecting layer 23, and insulation layer 24 is an electromagnetic wave radiation seat 19. Figure 2 As shown, the base 1 and the middle mold sleeve 2 of the outer mold electromagnetic heating equipment separate during the mold opening stage and come into contact during the mold closing stage. The middle mold sleeve 2 is connected to the upper ring 7 by bolts. The guide strip 3 and the friction-reducing plate 4 are fixed together with the middle mold sleeve 2 by bolts, which play a limiting and guiding role. In addition, there are 8 bow-shaped seats 6 distributed inside the middle mold sleeve 2, which ensure that the mold sleeve moves on the 15° inclined surface of the bow-shaped seats during the mold opening and closing stages. There are 8 patterned blocks 5 inside the bow-shaped seats 6 respectively. In order to increase the contact area and maintain good thermal conductivity and stability, the connection... The contact surface is designed with an inclined surface. The bow-shaped seat and the tread block are connected together by screws and move radially through contact with each other via the outer mold guide strip 3. Next, the tire structure is in direct contact with the tread block 5. The upper mold 9 is connected to the upper cover plate 8 with bolts, and the lower mold 17 is fixed on the base 1. On the outer contact surface of the tire, there are tread blocks 5, upper mold 9, lower mold 17, upper mold 10, and lower mold 16 respectively. The tread blocks 5 are engraved with the unique tread pattern of each tire. The upper and lower molds and the upper and lower molds also determine the overall external structure of the vulcanized tire.

[0033] Figures 3-6 The diagram shows an embodiment of the electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism of the present invention. The main function of the outer cover is to prevent damage to the internal lamp tube 21. In order to better transfer heat to the heating medium, several small holes are evenly distributed. The internal lamp tube radiation source 21 is also distributed proportionally along the circumference to better ensure temperature uniformity. When heating, since the lamp tube 21 is cylindrical, the energy is dispersed in all directions. The fan 27 is driven by the gear transmission mechanism 28 to achieve the effect of rapidly diffusing the heating medium. The heat energy reflection layer 23 can reflect the electromagnetic waves inside the lamp tube 21 to achieve higher energy utilization and further ensure that less heat is transferred to the central shaft, resulting in less energy waste. An insulation layer is installed between the central shaft 11 and the heat energy reflection layer 23.

[0034] Specific steps of a tire electromagnetic radiation capsule-type vulcanization method and equipment:

[0035] Loading the tire blank: First, the capsule 15 is in a contracted state. The robot arm puts the tire blank into the vulcanizing mold, and then places the tire blank to be vulcanized on the vulcanizing machine table.

[0036] Mold closing: The heating medium is injected into the bladder 15 through the ring seat cylinder head 18, fully inflating the bladder 15 so that its outer surface is tightly pressed against the inner surface of the blank, as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the central mechanism's main shaft 11 is fixed, and the upper clamping plate 12 and lower clamping plate 26 are installed in designated positions, respectively cooperating with the upper and lower molds to ensure stable pressure and temperature inside the vulcanizing machine; the outer mold base 1 remains stationary, the hydraulic cylinder presses down, and the upper cover plate 8 and the bow-shaped seat 6 descend simultaneously. When the bow-shaped seat 6 descends to the base 1, the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower side molds also gradually descend. The vulcanizing machine's upper cover plate 8 continues to move downwards with the middle mold sleeve 2. Due to the action of the outer mold guide strip 3, the bow-shaped seat 6 and the pattern block 22 also retract inwards. When the pattern block 5, upper mold 10, lower mold 16, upper side mold 9, and lower side mold 17 are fully retracted and in contact with the outer surface of the blank, as... Figure 2 As shown, the mold is fully closed, and vulcanization is carried out after the mold is locked.

[0037] Vulcanization: such as Figures 1-2As shown, the inner and outer molds are simultaneously energized and heated. The electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism 14 of the inner mold rotates uniformly around its central axis, and the internal lamp radiation source 21 continuously transfers heat to the heating medium through the small holes of the outer cover 20. The fan 27 is driven by the gear transmission mechanism 28 to achieve the effect of rapidly diffusing the heating medium. The heat reflection layer 23 reflects the energy shining inward to the heating medium area, further improving the energy utilization rate. Moreover, the innermost layer is provided with a heat insulation layer 24 to prevent heat from being transferred to the central axis 11, so that the internal temperature can be rapidly raised to the preset temperature. In addition, in order to ensure good airtightness, a sealing ring is also installed at the air pipe interface, which can have a certain pressure holding capacity. The overall rigidity and stress of the mechanism are relatively uniform, and the meshing stability with the lower clamping plate teeth is higher. The outer mold is energized to continuously heat the hot plate and the middle mold sleeve 2, and transfers the heat to the blank through layers.

[0038] Tire removal: After vulcanization, the high-temperature medium inside the vulcanizing machine is recovered and stored in the low-pressure tank circulation system, and then enters the next stage of water-gas separation and other operations, waiting for the next vulcanization. At the same time, the capsule 15 retracts to its smallest state to facilitate tire clamping. The upper cover plate 8 of the movable mold, along with the middle mold sleeve 2, the upper mold 10 and the upper side mold 9, is lifted upward. During the lifting process, due to the 15° inclined angle between the middle mold sleeve 2 and the bow seat 6, and the guide strip 3 between them, the bow seat 6 and the tread block 5 move radially, thereby causing the tread block 5 and the bow seat 6 to detach from the tire and demold. The vulcanized tire moves upward as a whole with the central mechanism 11. The action stops when the lower tire side completely detaches from the lower steel rim. At this time, the upper clamping plate moves upward, and the vulcanized tire is successfully removed.

[0039] This invention uses electromagnetic heating to generate its own heat, avoiding secondary energy waste caused by heat transfer, improving heating efficiency, and achieving a power saving rate of up to 50% compared to resistance wire heating during normal production, while also increasing production capacity.

[0040] Specific steps for a tire electromagnetic radiation capsule-free vulcanization method and equipment:

[0041] Loading the tire blank: The robotic arm places the tire blank into the vulcanizing mold, and then places the tire blank to be vulcanized on the vulcanizing machine table.

[0042] Mold Closure: The central mechanism spindle 11 is fixed, and the upper and lower clamping plates are installed in designated positions, respectively cooperating with the upper and lower molds to ensure stable pressure and temperature inside the vulcanizing machine; the outer mold base 1 remains stationary, the hydraulic cylinder presses down, and the upper cover plate 8 and the bow-shaped seat 6 descend simultaneously. When the bow-shaped seat 6 descends to the base 1, the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower side molds also gradually descend. The vulcanizing machine upper cover plate 8 continues to move downward with the middle mold sleeve 2. Due to the action of the outer mold guide strip 3, the bow-shaped seat 6 and the pattern block 22 also retract inward. When the pattern block 5, upper mold 10, lower mold 16, upper side mold 9, and lower side mold 17 are fully retracted and in contact with the outer surface of the blank, as... Figure 3As shown, the mold is fully closed; the heating medium is injected into the inner mold cavity through the ring seat cylinder head 18, and heats it when a certain pressure is reached, such as... Figure 3 As shown, vulcanization is carried out after mold locking.

[0043] Vulcanization: such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the inner and outer molds are simultaneously energized and heated. The electromagnetic wave radiation mechanism 14 of the inner mold rotates uniformly around its central axis, and the internal lamp radiation source 21 continuously transfers heat to the heating medium through the small holes of the outer cover 20. The fan 27 is driven by the gear transmission mechanism 28 to achieve the effect of rapidly diffusing the heating medium. The heat reflection layer 23 reflects the energy shining inward to the heating medium area, further improving the energy utilization rate. Moreover, the innermost layer is provided with a heat insulation layer 24 to prevent heat from being transferred to the central axis 11, so that the internal temperature can be rapidly raised to the preset temperature. In addition, in order to ensure good airtightness, a sealing ring is also installed at the air pipe interface, which can have a certain pressure holding capacity. The overall rigidity and stress of the mechanism are relatively uniform, and the meshing stability with the lower clamping plate teeth is higher. The outer mold is energized to continuously heat the hot plate and the middle mold sleeve 2, and transfers the heat to the blank through layers.

[0044] Tire removal: After vulcanization, the high-temperature medium inside the vulcanizing machine is recovered and stored in the low-pressure tank circulation system, and then enters the next stage of water-gas separation and other operations, waiting for the next vulcanization. The upper cover plate 8 of the movable mold, along with the middle mold sleeve 2, the upper mold 10 and the upper side mold 9, is lifted upward. During the lifting process, due to the 15° inclined angle between the middle mold sleeve 2 and the bow seat 6, and the guide strip 3 between them, the bow seat 6, along with the tread block 5, moves radially, thereby causing the tread block 5 and the bow seat 6 to detach from the tire and demold. The vulcanized tire moves upward as a whole with the central mechanism 11. The movement stops when the lower tire side is completely detached from the lower steel rim. At this time, the upper clamping plate moves upward, and the vulcanized tire is successfully removed.

Claims

1. A tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment, characterized in that: The device includes an inner mold vulcanizing unit and an outer mold vulcanizing unit. The inner mold vulcanizing unit uses an electromagnetic radiation instrument to heat the gas, providing heat to the inside of the tire blank, thus making the internal gas heating more uniform. The electromagnetic radiation instrument is a microwave vulcanizing instrument or an infrared vulcanizing instrument. The outer mold vulcanizing unit is equipped with an electromagnetic heating device to heat the middle mold sleeve and the hot plate. The inner mold vulcanizing unit includes an electromagnetic radiation mechanism, a bladder, a lower mold, a lower side mold, a ring seat cylinder head, an electromagnetic radiation seat or lamp flange, an outer cover, an infrared vulcanizing instrument or a microwave vulcanizing instrument, a heat reflective layer, and a heat insulation layer. The outer mold vulcanizing unit includes an electromagnetic heating device, a base, and a middle mold. The system comprises a mold sleeve, guide strip, anti-friction plate, patterned block, bow-shaped seat, upper ring, upper cover plate, upper side mold, upper mold, central shaft, upper clamping plate, and tire. The microwave vulcanizer is positioned above the central shaft of the central mechanism and can rotate axially. It is cylindrical in shape and has an outer cover on its outermost side. Small holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer cover. The inner side of the outer cover houses the lamps or magnetrons of the infrared vulcanizer, with gaps between them. The lamps or magnetrons are fixed at the top and bottom by flanges, respectively. The inner side of the lamps or magnetrons is a heat-reflecting layer, with gaps between them. The heat-reflecting layer is fixed to the inner side of the flanges. Furthermore, insulation cotton is placed inside to prevent more heat from being transferred to the central shaft. The outer cover, lamp tube or magnetron, flange, heat reflector layer, and insulation layer are all located below the base. The electromagnetic heating device of the outer mold mainly heats the upper and lower heating plates and the middle mold sleeve, transferring heat to the outside of the blank through the bow-shaped seat, pattern block, and upper and lower molds. The base and mold sleeve are separated during the mold opening stage and come into contact during the mold closing stage. At the same time, the mold sleeve and the upper ring are connected by bolts, and the guide strip and friction reducing plate are fixed to the mold sleeve by bolts, playing a limiting and guiding role. In addition, several bow-shaped seats are distributed inside the mold sleeve to ensure that the mold sleeve is within 1 / 2 of the bow-shaped seats during the mold opening and closing stages. Moving on a 5° inclined plane, the same number of tread blocks correspond to each bow-shaped seat. To increase the contact area and maintain good thermal conductivity and stability, the contact surface is designed as an inclined plane. The bow-shaped seat and the tread blocks are connected together by screws and move radially through contact with each other via the outer mold guide strip. Next, the tire structure is in direct contact with the tread blocks. The upper mold is connected to the upper cover plate with bolts, and the lower mold is fixed to the base. On the outer contact surface of the tire, there are tread blocks, upper mold, lower mold, upper mold, and lower mold. The tread blocks are engraved with the unique tread pattern of each tire. The upper and lower molds and the upper and lower molds also determine the overall external structure of the vulcanized tire.

2. The tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas filled into the capsule is hot nitrogen or nitrogen at room temperature. The gas provides pressure, and the heat required for vulcanization is provided by an electromagnetic radiation instrument and an electromagnetic heating device. There are rotating blades at the bottom of the microwave vulcanizer. The rotating blades rotate with the microwave vulcanizer to stir the gas in the inner mold.

3. The tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner mold vulcanizing device adopts a capsule-free structure. The electromagnetic wave radiation instrument directly heats the inside of the tire blank and adds a bead seal. This bead seal is composed of multiple layers of rubber and fiber materials to create a strong, strip-like structure that wraps around the tire bead to ensure gas sealing. In addition, one side of the bead seal can be coated with an adhesive to ensure that the strip adheres firmly to the bead to prevent gas leakage.

4. The tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan gear mechanism is set on the central shaft of the inner mold. The internal fan is fixed on the central mechanism and connected to the fan gear transmission mechanism. The fan blades are symmetrically distributed, and the fan speed is adjusted by the gear ratio. The internal gear is driven to rotate by the external gear shaft. All power comes from the outside of the capsule. There is a sealing structure at the gear shaft.

5. A method for electromagnetic radiation vulcanization of tires, characterized in that: The methods include internal mold vulcanization and external mold vulcanization. The internal mold vulcanization method can be either capsule-type or capsule-free vulcanization, and both are equipped with a microwave vulcanizer or an infrared vulcanizer. The external mold vulcanization method uses an electromagnetic heating device to provide heat to the outer side of the tire blank. The microwave vulcanization process consists of the following steps: First, microwave electromagnetic radiation is generated by the magnetron of the microwave vulcanizer, located in the radio frequency range. The generated microwaves are transmitted to the heating chamber inside the internal mold through a waveguide. When the microwave radiation irradiates the internal heating medium, it causes the molecules to interact, resulting in molecular vibration and friction. These movements generate heat energy. The heat is transferred to the inside of the tire blank. When the temperature reaches the specified vulcanization temperature, the temperature control system sends a feedback signal to the microwave system to stop heating. Alternatively, the infrared vulcanizer process consists of the following steps: First, infrared radiation is generated by a specific radiation source, such as an infrared lamp or an infrared heater. Subsequently, the infrared radiation transfers energy to the internal heating medium, converting it into heat energy, causing the object to heat up. Different substances have different abilities to absorb infrared radiation, so the heating effect varies from substance to substance. A temperature sensor and feedback control system are installed inside the tire blank to ensure that the radiation source stops or is adjusted when the required temperature is reached. The electromagnetic heating device of the outer mold mainly heats the upper and lower heating plates and the middle mold sleeve, transferring heat to the outside of the tire blank through the bow-shaped seat, the pattern block, and the upper and lower molds. The base and the mold sleeve are separated during the mold opening stage and come into contact during the mold closing stage. At the same time, the mold sleeve is connected to the upper ring by bolts, and the guide strip and the friction-reducing plate are fixed to the mold sleeve by bolts, playing a limiting and guiding role. In addition, several bow-shaped seats are distributed inside the mold sleeve to maintain stability during the mold opening and closing stages. The mold moves on the 15° inclined surface of the bow-shaped seat. The bow-shaped seat contains the same number of pattern blocks. The bow-shaped seat and the pattern blocks are connected together by screws and move radially through contact with each other via the guide strip of the outer mold. Next, the tire structure is in direct contact with the pattern blocks. The upper mold is connected to the upper cover plate with bolts, and the lower mold is fixed to the base. On the outer contact surface of the tire, there are pattern blocks, upper mold, lower mold, upper mold, and lower mold. The pattern blocks are engraved with the unique pattern of each tire. The upper and lower molds and the upper and lower molds also determine the overall external structure of the vulcanized tire.

6. The tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization method according to claim 5, comprising the tire electromagnetic radiation vulcanization equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that... The steps for vulcanizing tires are as follows: Tire loading: First, the bladder is in a contracted state. The robotic arm puts the tire blank into the vulcanizing mold, and then places the tire blank to be vulcanized on the vulcanizing machine table. Mold Closure: The heating medium is injected into the capsule through the ring seat cylinder head, making the capsule fully inflated. The outer side is tightly against the inner side of the tire blank. The main shaft of the central mechanism is fixed. The upper and lower clamping plates are installed in designated positions and cooperate with the upper and lower molds respectively to ensure stable pressure and temperature inside the vulcanizing machine. The outer mold base is stationary, the hydraulic cylinder presses down, and the upper cover plate and the bow-shaped seat descend simultaneously. When the bow-shaped seat descends to the base, the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower side molds also gradually descend. The vulcanizing machine upper cover plate continues to move downward with the middle mold sleeve. Due to the action of the outer mold guide strip, the bow-shaped seat and the tread block also retract inward. When the tread block, upper mold, lower mold, upper side mold, and lower side mold are completely retracted and in contact with the outer surface of the tire blank, the mold is fully closed. After locking the mold, vulcanization is carried out. Vulcanization: The inner and outer molds are simultaneously heated by electricity. The electromagnetic radiation mechanism of the inner mold rotates at a constant speed around its central axis, and the internal radiation source continuously transfers energy to the heating medium through the small holes of the outer cover. The fan gear transmission mechanism drives the heating medium to achieve rapid diffusion. The heat reflection layer reflects the energy shining inward to the heating medium area, further improving energy utilization. The innermost layer is equipped with a heat insulation layer to prevent heat from being transferred to the central axis, allowing the internal temperature to rise rapidly to the preset temperature. In addition, to ensure good airtightness, a sealing ring is installed at the air pipe interface, which has a certain pressure holding capacity. The overall rigidity and stress distribution of the mechanism are relatively uniform, and the meshing stability with the lower clamping plate teeth is higher. The outer mold is energized to continuously heat the hot plate and the middle mold sleeve, and transfers the heat to the blank through layers. Tire removal: After vulcanization, the high-temperature medium inside the vulcanizing machine is recovered and stored in the low-pressure tank circulation system, and then enters the next stage of water-air separation and other operations, waiting for the next vulcanization. At the same time, the bladder shrinks to its smallest state to facilitate tire clamping. The upper cover of the movable mold, along with the middle mold sleeve, upper mold, and upper side mold, is lifted upward. During the lifting process, due to the 15° inclined angle between the middle mold sleeve and the arch seat, as well as the guide strip between them, the arch seat and the tread block move radially, thereby causing the tread block and the arch seat to detach from the tire and demold. The vulcanized tire moves upward as a whole with the central mechanism. The movement stops when the lower tire side is completely detached from the lower steel rim. At this time, the upper clamping plate moves upward, and the vulcanized tire is successfully removed.

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