Elastic strip type fastener and track system
By using the design of the elastic clip fastener, and combining locking bolts and clamping nuts, the problems of complex operation and insufficient strength of traditional fasteners are solved, achieving efficient installation and stable connection, reducing costs and improving durability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511154245.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
Traditional Tang-style fasteners require strict differentiation of nut rotation direction during installation and disassembly, resulting in complex operation, reduced strength, inability to be reused individually, high material loss in frequent disassembly and maintenance scenarios, and high manufacturing costs.
It adopts a spring-loaded fastener design and is installed by locking bolts and compression nuts. Combined with the connection between the split fixed foundation and the construction foundation, different connection structures are used to maintain stability and facilitate maintenance.
It improves installation efficiency, reduces technical difficulty and cost, enhances the strength and durability of connections, reduces material waste, adapts to errors during construction, and facilitates maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN120925370A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of track fixing technology, and in particular to a spring-loaded fastener and track system. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional Tang-type fasteners use left-hand and right-hand nuts for locking. The order of tightening and locking nuts must be strictly distinguished, usually right-hand first then left-hand. Improper operation can lead to anti-loosening failure, requiring a high level of technical skill from construction personnel. Due to the composite thread design, the contact area of the thread on one side is only 1 / 4 that of traditional threads, resulting in a strength reduction of approximately 20%. In ultra-high voltage scenarios, such as heavy machinery load-bearing bolts and systems for large vehicle tracks, the bolt diameter needs to be increased to compensate for the strength loss; relying solely on bolts of the original design specifications poses safety risks. Furthermore, nuts must be replaced in pairs after disassembly, as they cannot be reused individually. In maintenance scenarios with frequent disassembly and assembly, the material loss rate is higher than with ordinary bolts, and the bolts require multiple threads in opposite directions, increasing manufacturing costs. Therefore, a spring-loaded fastener and track system are urgently needed to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spring-loaded fastener and track system to solve the problems existing in the prior art, thereby achieving better fastening stability, higher installation efficiency, and lower technical difficulty and cost.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:
[0005] This invention provides a spring-loaded fastener, comprising a spring, a pressure plate, a clamping nut, a fixed base, a locking bolt, and a connector. The pressure plate is used to fit against the bottom of the rail, and the spring is used to press against the pressure plate. The pressure plate has a hole in its center, and the spring has an opening in its center. The nut end of the locking bolt is located below the fixed base and can abut against the lower end surface of the fixed base. The stud of the locking bolt can pass through the fixed base, the hole, and the opening in sequence and be threadedly connected to the clamping nut. The bottom surface of the clamping nut abuts against the top surface of the spring. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the construction foundation through the connector.
[0006] In some embodiments, the fixed foundation includes a steel pad and a pre-embedded sleeve, the pre-embedded sleeve being embedded in the construction foundation, and the steel pad and the pre-embedded sleeve being fixedly connected by the connector.
[0007] In some embodiments, the connector is an anchor bolt, the embedded sleeve has internal threads, and the anchor bolt is threadedly connected to the embedded sleeve.
[0008] In some embodiments, the nut of the locking bolt has a square structure, and the bottom of the steel pad is provided with a groove, in which the nut of the locking bolt can be engaged.
[0009] In some embodiments, a flat washer is also included, which is disposed between the clamping nut and the spring bar.
[0010] In some embodiments, an insulating gasket is also included, with a snap-fit groove above the steel pad. The insulating gasket is located between the bottom of the rail and the pressure plate, with both ends of the pressure plate abutting against the insulating gasket and the snap-fit groove, respectively.
[0011] In some embodiments, a heavy-duty spring washer and a flat washer are also included. The steel pad is provided with a receiving groove, and the heavy-duty spring washer and the flat washer are arranged in the receiving groove from top to bottom. The cap end of the anchor bolt can abut against the top of the heavy-duty spring washer.
[0012] In some embodiments, an insulating buffer pad is also included, which is disposed between the steel pad and the construction foundation.
[0013] In some embodiments, a rubber pad is also included, which is disposed between the bottom of the rail and the steel pad.
[0014] The present invention also provides a track system, including a rail and a spring-loaded fastener as described above, wherein the rail includes a rail head, a rail web and a rail base that are fixedly connected in sequence.
[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:
[0016] The spring clip and pressure plate of the elastic clip fastener provided by this invention are installed using only locking bolts and clamping nuts. Construction personnel do not require advanced technical skills or experience to operate, making the installation relatively simple and efficient. The spring clip also provides a certain preload, preventing the locking bolt from loosening to some extent. Furthermore, the locking bolt can be a standard design bolt, eliminating the need for additional thickness or complex reverse thread designs, thus reducing manufacturing costs. Moreover, the fixed foundation of this invention is fixed to the construction foundation through additional connecting parts. Existing technologies often use a single bolt to both tighten the spring clip and connect to the construction foundation, which is prone to connection failure due to fatigue, vibration, and other factors after long-term use, making connection maintenance difficult and unreliable. This invention, however, adopts a split design, ensuring that the tightening force of the spring clip and the connection force of the fixed foundation and construction foundation do not interfere with each other, maintaining stability independently and significantly improving the overall structural connection strength and long-term durability. Using the fixed foundation as an intermediate connecting part and utilizing different connection structures to achieve both spring clip tightening and connection to the construction foundation results in better connection strength and facilitates later maintenance and repair. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the elastic bar type fastener in some embodiments of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the elastic bar type fastener in some embodiments of the present invention.
[0020] In the diagram: 1-Locking bolt; 2-Pressure nut; 3-Nut cover; 4-Anchor bolt; 5-Heavy-duty spring washer; 6-Embedded sleeve; 7-Insulating buffer plate; 8-Rubber pad; 9-Steel pad; 10-Spring strip; 11-Flat washer; 12-Insulating gasket; 13-Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spring-loaded fastener and track system to solve the problems existing in the prior art, thereby achieving better fastening stability, higher installation efficiency, and lower technical difficulty and cost.
[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention provides a spring-loaded fastener, including a spring clip 10, a pressure plate 13, a clamping nut 2, a fixed base, a locking bolt 1, and a connector. The pressure plate 13 is used to fit against the top of the rail base, and the spring clip is used to press against the top of the pressure plate 13. The pressure plate 13 has a hole in its center, and the spring clip 10 has an opening in its center. The nut end of the locking bolt 1 is located below the fixed base and can abut against the lower end surface of the fixed base. The stud of the locking bolt 1 can pass through the fixed base, the hole on the pressure plate 13, and the opening in the center of the spring clip in sequence, and is threadedly connected to the clamping nut 2. The bottom surface of the clamping nut 2 abuts against the top surface of the spring clip 10. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the construction foundation through the connector. Specifically, the spring clip 10 adopts a W-type spring clip type I B fastener, made of 60Si2Mn or higher performance spring steel. The spring clip 10 provides preload and ensures the stability of the clamping even under external forces. Installation of the spring clip 10 is achieved solely through the locking bolt 1, pressure plate 13, and clamping nut 2. This requires minimal technical skill and experience from the installer, resulting in low technical difficulty, simple installation, and high installation efficiency. The spring clip also provides preload, preventing the locking bolt from loosening to some extent. Furthermore, the locking bolt 1 can be a standard bolt, eliminating the need for additional thickness or complex reverse thread designs, thus reducing manufacturing costs. In this embodiment, the fixed foundation is secured to the construction foundation via additional connectors. Existing technologies often use a single bolt to both clamp the spring clip 10 and connect it to the construction foundation. Over time, this can lead to connection failure due to fatigue, vibration, and other factors, making connection maintenance difficult. This embodiment employs a split design, ensuring that the clamping force of the spring clip 10 does not interfere with the connection force of the fixed foundation and the construction foundation, maintaining stability independently and significantly improving the overall structural strength and long-term durability. Using a fixed foundation as an intermediate connector and employing different connection structures to achieve the clamping of the elastic strip 10 and its connection with the construction foundation results in a more robust connection and facilitates later maintenance and repair. It should be noted that a nut cover 3 can also be installed on the clamping nut 2 to prevent rainwater erosion.
[0026] In some embodiments, the fixed foundation includes a steel pad 9 and a pre-embedded sleeve 6. The pre-embedded sleeve 6 is embedded within the construction foundation, and the steel pad 9 and the pre-embedded sleeve 6 are fixedly connected by connectors. The pre-embedded sleeve 6 is pre-embedded inside the construction foundation (such as a concrete sleeper or track slab), and its outer wall can be designed with anti-slip textures or barbed structures to form a firm mechanical engagement with the construction foundation, preventing the sleeve from loosening or shifting due to external forces such as vibration and load during later use, thus providing stable root support for the entire fixed foundation. The steel pad 9, as a structure that directly supports components such as the elastic clip 10 and locking bolt 1, is rigidly fixed to the pre-embedded sleeve 6 through connectors (such as bolts), ensuring that there is no relative sliding between the steel pad 9 and the construction foundation, effectively transmitting clamping pressure and train load, and reducing track geometric deviations caused by loose connections. The pre-embedded sleeve 6 can be embedded simultaneously during the prefabrication stage of the construction foundation (such as sleepers and track slabs), eliminating the need for secondary drilling on-site. This avoids problems such as foundation cracking and rebar damage that may occur during drilling, reducing the complexity and risk of on-site construction. The steel pad 9 is detachably connected to the pre-embedded sleeve 6 via connectors. During installation, the position of the steel pad 9 can be finely adjusted according to the actual dimensions of the track (such as gauge and height) to ensure the installation accuracy of components such as the elastic clip 10 and locking bolt 1, accommodating minor errors during construction.
[0027] It should be noted that the steel pad 9 can also be replaced with an iron pad or other structures. The thickness of the steel pad 9 is approximately 0.02 μm.
[0028] In some embodiments, the connector is an anchor bolt 4 with a total length of approximately 350 mm. The embedded sleeve 6 has internal threads, and the anchor bolt 4 is threaded to the embedded sleeve 6. It should be noted that half of the threaded portion of the anchor bolt 4 is threaded, and the other half is unthreaded. The threaded section of the anchor bolt 4 precisely engages with the internal thread of the embedded sleeve 6, achieving a rigid connection through thread engagement. This ensures stable transmission of the fastening force between the steel pad 9 and the embedded sleeve 6 (and the construction foundation), preventing loosening. The smooth section (unthreaded portion) has a smooth surface and does not engage with the inner wall of the embedded sleeve 6. The diameter of the smooth section can be designed to be almost identical to the inner diameter of the embedded sleeve 6. When the bolt is subjected to vertical tensile force or vibration load, the smooth section can bear part of the shear force through its contact surface with the inner wall of the sleeve, dispersing the force concentration on the threaded section and reducing the risk of localized wear or breakage of the thread teeth. Only half the length of the thread needs to be machined, reducing processing steps and material consumption compared to a fully threaded bolt (especially for long bolts), thus lowering manufacturing costs. Plain sections can form a complete protective layer through anti-corrosion treatments such as overall galvanizing. Compared with threaded sections, which have weak anti-corrosion layers due to tooth recesses, plain sections are more resistant to corrosive media such as rainwater and dust, especially in humid or dusty environments, thus extending the service life of bolts.
[0029] It should be noted that the connector can also be set as a pre-embedded anchor bolt, in which case the pre-embedded sleeve 6 is no longer required. The pre-embedded anchor bolt includes a bent section and a bolt section. The lower half of the bent section and the bolt section are pre-embedded in the construction foundation, and the upper half of the bolt section is used to pass through the steel pad 9 and connect with the nut to fix the steel pad 9 relative to the construction foundation. The connector can be set only on the inside of the rail. Both sides of the rail are equipped with elastic bars 10. The elastic bars 10 on the outside of the rail can be directly connected to the steel pad 9 through the clamping nut 2 and the locking bolt 1, etc., and no connector is required on the outside of the rail.
[0030] In some embodiments, the nut of the locking bolt 1 has a square structure, and the bottom of the steel pad 9 is provided with a groove, allowing the nut of the locking bolt 1 to engage in the groove. The square nut and the groove have a high degree of shape matching, and after engagement, they can form a circumferential rigid constraint, effectively preventing the locking bolt 1 from rotating under external forces such as vibration and impact. Compared with the problem of round nuts slipping due to vibration, this ensures that the preload of the clamping nut 2 on the spring clip 10 is stable over a long period, preventing the spring clip 10 from failing to buckle, which is especially suitable for the high-frequency vibration track environment during train operation. During installation, after the square nut is engaged in the groove, the nut is completely locked, and the construction worker only needs to tighten the clamping nut 2 above with a wrench. There is no need for one person to hold the nut and another to tighten it, and the installation can be completed by one person, greatly saving manpower and time costs. The groove's constraint on the nut ensures that the axis of the locking bolt 1 is concentric with the opening of the steel pad 9 and the spring strip 10, avoiding uneven force on the spring strip 10 caused by bolt misalignment, reducing calibration steps after installation, and improving the first-time installation pass rate.
[0031] It should be noted that the nut of the locking bolt 1 can also be in other forms, as long as it has certain edges, such as a hexagonal nut. The shape of the corresponding groove should match the shape of the nut to ensure that the nut is not easily rotated after being inserted into the groove.
[0032] In some embodiments, the spring-loaded fastener further includes a flat washer 11, which is disposed between the clamping nut 2 and the spring strip 10. The spring strip 10 is made of spring steel such as 60Si2Mn. Although its top surface has been processed, when it comes into direct contact with the clamping nut 2, the sharp edges or threaded edges of the nut may cause local indentations or scratches on the surface of the spring strip 10 during tightening. The flat washer 11 has a smooth and flat surface, which can effectively isolate the nut from the spring strip 10, distribute the pressure of the nut over a larger area, prevent plastic deformation or cracks on the surface of the spring strip 10 due to excessive local stress, and extend the service life of the spring strip 10. When the fastener is subjected to external forces such as vibration and impact, slight relative slippage may occur between the clamping nut 2 and the spring strip 10. The flat washer 11 can withstand this sliding friction through its own wear resistance (usually made of low carbon steel or stainless steel), reduce the wear on the surface of the spring strip 10, and ensure the structural integrity of the spring strip 10. The relatively small bottom area of the clamping nut 2, when directly applied to the spring clip 10, can cause pressure to concentrate near the contact point between the nut and the spring clip 10, potentially leading to excessive localized stress on the spring clip 10 and affecting its elastic properties. The flat washer 11, with its larger contact area, can evenly distribute the preload of the clamping nut 2 to the top surface of the spring clip 10, resulting in more balanced stress on the spring clip 10 and preventing reduced clamping stability due to localized overload. For the open area in the middle of the spring clip 10, where the surrounding structure is relatively weak, the flat washer 11 prevents the nut from directly pressing against the edge of the open area, preventing cracking due to stress concentration and further ensuring the mechanical properties of the spring clip 10. During tightening, the flat washer 11 generates friction with the surfaces of the clamping nut 2 and the spring clip 10. This friction can, to some extent, hinder the loosening tendency of the nut due to vibration. Combined with the preload of the spring clip 10 and the self-locking effect of the bolt threads, this improves the anti-loosening performance of the fastener system. For track environments that are subjected to high-frequency vibrations for a long time, the flat washer 11 can reduce the relative rotation between the nut and the spring clip 10, reduce the risk of threaded connection failure due to loosening, and ensure the long-term stable fastening effect of the fastener.
[0033] In some embodiments, the elastic clip fastener further includes an insulating gasket 12 made of glass fiber reinforced polyamide. A snap-fit groove is located above the steel base plate 9. The insulating gasket 12 is positioned between the rail base and the pressure plate 13, with both ends of the pressure plate 13 pressed onto the insulating gasket 12 and into the snap-fit groove, respectively. Glass fiber reinforced polyamide (commonly known as nylon-based composite material) has extremely high volume resistivity, far exceeding that of metallic materials, effectively blocking the conductive path between the rail and the steel base plate 9 and the elastic clip 10. In electrified railways, this prevents stray currents from forming in track components due to conductivity, preventing electrochemical corrosion of concrete structures such as bridges and tunnels by stray currents, and extending the service life of infrastructure. Furthermore, the insulating gasket 12 has a certain degree of elasticity, absorbing the instantaneous impact force between the rail and the elastic clip 10 when a train passes, reducing wear caused by rigid contact. Especially at the contact point between the rail base and the elastic clip 10, it prevents the elastic clip 10 from scratching the rail surface, protecting the rail base material and reducing the frequency of rail maintenance and replacement. The two ends of the spring clip 10 abut against the locking grooves of the insulating pad 12 and the steel pad 9, respectively. The locking grooves match the curved shape of the ends of the spring clip 10, which can increase the contact area and allow the preload of the spring clip 10 to be evenly transmitted to the steel pad 9 through the locking grooves, thus avoiding deformation of the spring clip 10 or cracking of the steel pad 9 caused by local stress concentration.
[0034] It should be noted that a retaining strip can be provided at the bottom of the pressure plate 13 along the width direction. The retaining strip is engaged in the retaining groove, or the retaining strip abuts against the edge of the retaining groove.
[0035] In some embodiments, the elastic fastener further includes a heavy-duty spring washer 5 and a flat washer block. A receiving groove is provided on the steel plate 9, and the heavy-duty spring washer 5 and the flat washer block are sequentially arranged in the receiving groove from top to bottom. The cap end of the anchor bolt 4 can abut against the top of the heavy-duty spring washer 5. The heavy-duty spring washer 5 is made of a high-strength elastic material (such as 65Mn spring steel), with a thickness and elasticity greater than that of ordinary spring washers. When the anchor bolt 4 is tightened, the spring washer is compressed, generating a sustained elastic reaction force that tightly abuts against the bolt cap and the flat washer block, forming a continuous axial preload. This force effectively counteracts the tendency of bolts to loosen due to high-frequency vibration and impact during train operation, avoids the preload attenuation caused by vibration in traditional connections, and significantly improves the long-term reliability of the connection between the anchor bolt 4 and the embedded sleeve 6. Under long-term loads, bolts, flat washers, or steel plates 9 may undergo slight deformation due to fatigue. Heavy-duty spring washers 5 can compensate for these slight displacements through their own elastic deformation, maintaining sufficient clamping force to ensure that the threads of the anchor bolts 4 and the embedded sleeves 6 remain engaged without loosening. This is especially suitable for scenarios with large load fluctuations, such as heavy-haul railways. Flat washers are typically made of wear-resistant steel plates with a flat surface and a larger area than the bottom surface of the heavy-duty spring washers 5. This allows the concentrated pressure (from the bolt head) transmitted by the heavy-duty spring washers 5 to be distributed over a larger contact area, preventing the sharp angles of the spring washers from directly pressing into the receiving groove of the steel plate 9. This prevents the steel plate 9 from denting or cracking due to excessive local stress (especially when the steel plate 9 is made of ordinary carbon steel, its resistance to local compression is relatively weak).
[0036] In some embodiments, the elastic clip fastener further includes an insulating buffer pad 7 (which can be made of rubber, polyester wear-resistant material, etc.), which is positioned between the steel pad 9 and the construction foundation. The insulating buffer pad 7 has good elasticity and damping characteristics, effectively absorbing vibrations generated when a train passes (including vertical vibrations and horizontal impacts transmitted from the rails to the steel pad 9), reducing the transmission of vibrations to the construction foundation and surrounding structures. This not only reduces fatigue damage to track components caused by long-term vibration (such as loose bolts and deformation of the elastic clip 10), but also mitigates the vibration impact on the surrounding environment of the line (such as lines near residential areas or hospitals). When the steel pad 9 (metal) is in direct contact with the construction foundation (mostly concrete), it is prone to wear due to relative sliding under load (scratches are worn on the concrete surface, and the edges of the steel pad 9 are worn). Although concrete has high compressive strength, it is weak in resisting local impacts and shearing, and may crack under long-term stress. The insulating buffer pad 7, as an elastic intermediate layer, can reduce direct friction between the two, disperse concentrated stress, and protect the surface of the construction foundation and the structural integrity of the steel pad 9.
[0037] In some embodiments, the elastic clip type fastener further includes a rubber pad 8, which is disposed between the rail base and the steel pad 9. The rubber pad 8 has excellent elasticity and damping characteristics. When a train passes, the wheel-rail impact force (including vertical load and lateral vibration) borne by the rail can be effectively absorbed and attenuated through the deformation of the rubber pad 8. This significantly reduces fatigue damage to track components caused by long-term high-frequency vibration (such as bolt loosening, elastic clip 10 breakage, concrete foundation cracking, etc.). By buffering the rigid collision between the rail and the steel pad 9, the rubber pad 8 can significantly reduce noise caused by structural vibration (such as metallic impact sound and concrete resonance sound). In urban rail transit or lines near residential areas, it can effectively improve the surrounding acoustic environment and meet environmental protection requirements.
[0038] It should be noted that the insulating buffer pad 7 and the rubber pad 8 can be made of the same material, and both have a thickness of approximately 0.01 mm. Adjustable shims can also be installed above the insulating buffer pad 7 and below the rubber pad 8. After the track is laid, the construction foundation (such as concrete sleepers and track slabs) may experience slight settlement due to geological conditions and load effects, or there may be height deviations during the construction phase. The height of the adjustable shims is set to approximately 3 mm to compensate for these deviations.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] This embodiment provides a track system, including a rail and the elastic fastener of Embodiment 1. The rail includes a rail head, rail web and rail base that are fixedly connected in sequence, which can make the fastening stability better, the installation efficiency higher, and the technical difficulty and cost lower.
[0041] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.
Claims
1. A type of elastic fastener, characterized in that: The system includes a spring clip, a pressure plate, a clamping nut, a fixed base, a locking bolt, and a connector. The pressure plate is used to fit against the bottom of the rail, and the spring clip is used to press against the pressure plate. The pressure plate has a hole in its center, and the spring clip has an opening in its center. The nut end of the locking bolt is located below the fixed base and can abut against the lower end surface of the fixed base. The stud of the locking bolt can pass through the fixed base, the hole, and the opening in sequence and be threadedly connected to the clamping nut. The bottom surface of the clamping nut abuts against the top surface of the spring clip. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the construction foundation through the connector.
2. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed foundation includes a steel pad and a pre-embedded sleeve. The pre-embedded sleeve is embedded in the construction foundation, and the steel pad and the pre-embedded sleeve are fixedly connected by the connector.
3. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector is an anchor bolt, and the embedded sleeve has internal threads. The anchor bolt is threadedly connected to the embedded sleeve.
4. The elastic bar type fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking bolt has a square nut, and the bottom of the steel pad has a slot, into which the locking bolt nut can be engaged.
5. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flat washer, which is disposed between the clamping nut and the spring bar.
6. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating gasket, with a snap-fit groove on the upper part of the steel pad. The insulating gasket is located between the bottom of the rail and the pressure plate, and both ends of the pressure plate are pressed onto the insulating gasket and the snap-fit groove, respectively.
7. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes heavy-duty spring washers and flat pads. The steel pad is provided with a receiving groove. The heavy-duty spring washers and the flat pads are arranged in the receiving grooves from top to bottom. The cap of the anchor bolt can abut against the top of the heavy-duty spring washers.
8. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating buffer pad, which is disposed between the steel pad and the construction foundation.
9. The elastic-bar type fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a rubber pad, which is disposed between the bottom of the rail and the steel pad.
10. A track system, characterized in that: It includes a rail and a spring-loaded fastener as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the rail includes a rail head, a rail web, and a rail base that are fixedly connected in sequence.