Sealing groove machining control method and sealing groove machining system

Abstract

The invention provides a sealing groove machining control method and a sealing groove machining system, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool machining. The method includes: setting initial coordinates of a workpiece in a machine tool Z-axis direction and initial rotating speed of a machine tool spindle; in the cutting circulation process, when the cutter is fed in the axial direction of the Z axis to reach a preset parameter value, the rotating speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to a preset adjusting value; and when the rotating speed of the machine tool spindle is smaller than the preset critical rotating speed value, rotating speed resetting is conducted on the machine tool spindle. By dynamically adjusting the cooperative relation between the rotating speed of the main shaft and Z-axis feeding in the cutting cycle, periodic cutter connecting lines caused by resonance of a machine tool-workpiece-cutter system are effectively restrained, so that the surface quality of a sealing groove is improved, and the process requirement of high-precision sealing machining is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of CNC machine tool processing technology, specifically relating to a sealing groove processing control method and sealing groove processing system. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of sealing grooves for precision components such as hydraulic valve bodies, traditional processes often require two or more tool operations to complete the finishing work. This multi-step process not only increases machining time but also easily generates tool marks due to overlapping cuts at tool change locations. Actual measurements show that when the depth of these tool marks exceeds 5μm, the leakage rate increases significantly after assembling O-rings, severely impacting the product's sealing performance and service life.

[0003] Currently, the industry typically employs methods such as toolpath optimization and constant-speed machining to mitigate these shortcomings. However, toolpath optimization cannot dynamically adapt to complex vibration patterns during machining. Specifically, toolpath optimization primarily focuses on reducing discontinuities in the toolpath and smoothing changes in the feed direction to minimize tool marks. However, this method is ineffective in addressing dynamic resonance phenomena caused by material properties and cutting force fluctuations. Similarly, while constant-speed machining stabilizes the machining process to some extent, it neglects the varying cutting loads that increase with depth during actual machining, making it impossible to avoid resonance excitation at specific frequencies, thus generating periodic surface ripples.

[0004] Therefore, the aforementioned static or semi-static optimization strategies lack sufficient flexibility and response speed to suppress resonance in real time, and cannot meet the process requirements of high-precision machining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address at least one of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a sealing groove machining control method. By dynamically adjusting the coordination relationship between the spindle speed and Z-axis feed in the cutting cycle, the method effectively suppresses periodic tool marks caused by resonance in the machine tool-workpiece-tool system, thereby improving the surface quality of the sealing groove and meeting the process requirements of high-precision sealing machining.

[0006] A second aspect of this application provides a sealing groove processing system.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a method for controlling the processing of a sealing groove, including:

[0009] Set the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle;

[0010] During the cutting cycle, when the tool feeds along the Z-axis to the preset parameter value, the speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to the preset adjustment value.

[0011] When the speed of the machine tool spindle is less than the preset critical speed value, the speed of the machine tool spindle is reset.

[0012] According to the sealing groove machining control method provided in the first aspect of this application, the accuracy and consistency of the machining starting point are ensured by setting the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle. During the cutting cycle, when the tool feeds along the Z-axis to a preset parameter value (e.g., 0.1 mm), the system dynamically adjusts the spindle speed according to a preset adjustment value (e.g., -2 rpm). This adaptive adjustment mechanism based on real-time feedback can effectively cope with the influence of material properties and cutting force fluctuations, avoiding resonance phenomena that may be caused by a fixed speed. In addition, when the spindle speed is detected to be lower than a preset critical speed value (e.g., 300 rpm), the system automatically resets the spindle speed to the optimized initial value (e.g., 466 rpm). This safety mechanism not only prevents low machining efficiency and poor surface quality caused by low speed, but also further enhances the stability and reliability of the system. The entire process is controlled in a closed loop through a macro program, ensuring that the system can seamlessly return to the starting point of the cutting cycle after each adjustment to continue operation, forming a continuous and efficient machining process. This method significantly improves the surface quality of the sealing groove, reduces the generation of tool marks, thereby reducing the leakage rate after assembling O-rings and extending tool life, meeting the stringent requirements of high-precision hydraulic component machining for surface finish and sealing performance.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, when the tool reaches a preset parameter value along the Z-axis axial feed, the speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, specifically:

[0014] The change in the Z-axis coordinate is ΔZ, and the speed adjustment is ΔS, where...

[0015] ΔZ / ΔS = 0.05 mm / rpm.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, when the tool reaches a preset parameter value along the Z-axis axial feed, the speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, further comprising:

[0017] When the cumulative displacement of the tool along the Z-axis is ≥1.5mm, the speed of the machine tool spindle is controlled to vary randomly within the range of ±15rpm.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this application, the preset parameter value for the axial feed of the tool along the Z-axis is 0.1 mm, and the preset adjustment value for adjusting the speed of the machine tool spindle is -2 rpm.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the preset critical speed value is 300 rpm, and the speed of the machine tool spindle after speed reset is 466 rpm.

[0020] According to one embodiment of this application, setting the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial rotational speed of the machine tool spindle specifically involves:

[0021] The initial coordinate of the machine tool in the Z-axis direction is -6.6, and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle is 466 rpm.

[0022] According to one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0023] After each adjustment of the machine tool spindle speed, the machine tool returns to the starting position of the cutting cycle via a conditional jump command in the macro program and continues to execute the next axial feed operation.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this application, the step of returning to the starting position of the cutting cycle via a conditional jump instruction in a macro program specifically involves:

[0025] Set a loop label in a macro program;

[0026] After completing one axial feed and adjusting the spindle speed, the conditional jump command is executed to jump to the position marked by the cycle label, so as to re-enter the starting step of the cutting cycle.

[0027] According to one embodiment of this application, the macro program includes:

[0028] Variable definition statements are used to set the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable;

[0029] Conditional statements are used to check whether the preset feed parameter value and preset critical speed value have been reached;

[0030] Assignment statements are used to update the values ​​of the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable;

[0031] Jump statements are used to implement loop control.

[0032] A second aspect of this application provides a sealing groove processing system, comprising:

[0033] Machine tool, used to drive the cutting tool to feed along the Z-axis;

[0034] A spindle drive unit is used to control the rotational speed of the machine tool spindle;

[0035] and a processor, wherein the processor executes a program to implement the sealing groove machining control method of any embodiment of the first aspect as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the sealing groove processing control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this application and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of this application provides a method for controlling the processing of a sealing groove, including:

[0044] Step 100: Set the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle.

[0045] Step 200: During the cutting cycle, when the tool feeds along the Z-axis to the preset parameter value, adjust the speed of the machine tool spindle according to the preset adjustment value.

[0046] Step 300: When the speed of the machine tool spindle is less than the preset critical speed value, reset the speed of the machine tool spindle.

[0047] In step 100, the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial spindle speed need to be set first. Here, "initial coordinates" refers to the starting position of the tool relative to the workpiece surface, usually set precisely in millimeters. "Initial spindle speed" refers to the speed at which the spindle begins to rotate, measured in revolutions per minute (rpm). These parameters are predetermined based on machining requirements and workpiece material properties to ensure that the cutting process begins from an accurate and optimized position.

[0048] By setting initial coordinates, it can be ensured that the tool starts cutting from the correct position, avoiding machining errors caused by inaccurate positioning. The selection of the initial spindle speed is based on material properties and the desired surface quality; a higher initial spindle speed helps to quickly cut into the material and maintain a stable machining state. The settings of these parameters not only affect machining efficiency but also directly relate to the accuracy and quality of the final product.

[0049] This precise initialization setting can significantly improve machining consistency and repeatability, reducing scrap rates caused by inaccurate positioning or inappropriate spindle speeds. Furthermore, proper initial settings can effectively extend tool life, as appropriate spindle speeds and feed rates reduce tool wear, thereby lowering production costs and improving economic efficiency.

[0050] In step 200, the "preset parameter value" refers to the specific distance the tool feeds along the Z-axis each time. The "preset adjustment value" refers to the specific value by which the spindle speed is dynamically adjusted based on this feed amount, for example, the speed is reduced by 2 rpm after each feed. This dynamic adjustment mechanism is implemented through a macro program, which monitors changes during the cutting process in real time and makes corresponding adjustments.

[0051] By monitoring the tool feed rate in real time and dynamically adjusting the spindle speed, changes that may occur during the cutting process, such as variations in material hardness or fluctuations in cutting force, can be effectively addressed. This method avoids resonance phenomena that may occur at a fixed spindle speed, improving machining stability and surface quality. This adaptive adjustment is particularly important for machining complex shapes and high-precision sealing grooves.

[0052] Dynamically adjusting the spindle speed can significantly reduce tool marks and other surface defects, improving the smoothness and sealing performance of the sealing groove. Simultaneously, this method can optimize machining efficiency, avoid unnecessary downtime or adjustment time, and thus improve overall production efficiency. By suppressing resonance, it can also reduce tool and machine tool vibration, extending equipment lifespan.

[0053] In step 300, the "preset critical speed value" refers to a safe threshold for the spindle speed; falling below this value will trigger a speed reset operation. For example, when the spindle speed is detected to be below 300 rpm, the system will automatically reset the speed to the optimized initial value, ensuring that the machining process is always in a highly efficient and stable state.

[0054] Low rotational speeds can lead to reduced cutting efficiency and surface quality, and even cause machining instability. By setting a rotational speed reset mechanism, the speed can be quickly restored to the optimal speed when it drops below a critical value, ensuring the continuity and stability of the machining process. This method is particularly suitable for high-precision machining scenarios, where even the slightest fluctuation can affect the final product quality.

[0055] The speed reset mechanism effectively prevents machining quality problems caused by excessively low speeds, ensuring the stability and consistency of the machining process. Furthermore, it avoids additional tool wear when operating at low speeds, extending tool life and reducing maintenance costs. Through this closed-loop control method, this invention not only improves machining efficiency but also significantly enhances the surface quality and sealing performance of the sealing groove, meeting the stringent requirements of high-precision hydraulic components.

[0056] According to the sealing groove machining control method provided in the first aspect of this application, the accuracy and consistency of the machining starting point are ensured by setting the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle. During the cutting cycle, when the tool feeds along the Z-axis to a preset parameter value (e.g., 0.1 mm), the system dynamically adjusts the spindle speed according to a preset adjustment value (e.g., -2 rpm). This adaptive adjustment mechanism based on real-time feedback can effectively cope with the influence of material properties and cutting force fluctuations, avoiding resonance phenomena that may be caused by a fixed speed. In addition, when the spindle speed is detected to be lower than a preset critical speed value (e.g., 300 rpm), the system automatically resets the spindle speed to the optimized initial value (e.g., 466 rpm). This safety mechanism not only prevents low machining efficiency and poor surface quality caused by low speed, but also further enhances the stability and reliability of the system. The entire process is controlled in a closed loop through a macro program, ensuring that the system can seamlessly return to the starting point of the cutting cycle after each adjustment to continue operation, forming a continuous and efficient machining process. This method significantly improves the surface quality of the sealing groove, reduces the generation of tool marks, thereby reducing the leakage rate after assembling O-rings and extending tool life, meeting the stringent requirements of high-precision hydraulic component machining for surface finish and sealing performance.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, when the tool's axial feed along the Z-axis reaches a preset parameter value, the spindle speed is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, specifically:

[0058] The change in the Z-axis coordinate is ΔZ, and the speed adjustment is ΔS, where...

[0059] ΔZ / ΔS = 0.05 mm / rpm.

[0060] Z-axis coordinate change ΔZ: refers to the actual feed distance of the tool along the Z-axis during each cutting cycle. For example, if the feed is 0.1 mm per cycle, then ΔZ = 0.1 mm.

[0061] Speed ​​adjustment amount ΔS: refers to the amount of change in spindle speed dynamically adjusted according to the Z-axis feed rate. For example, if the spindle speed decreases by 2 rpm for each 0.1 mm feed, then ΔS = -2 rpm.

[0062] The proportional relationship ΔZ / ΔS = 0.05 mm / rpm: This proportional relationship defines the relationship between the change in the Z-axis coordinate and the adjustment of the spindle speed. That is, for every 0.05 mm increase or decrease in feed rate, the spindle speed is adjusted by 1 rpm. For example, when the tool advances 0.1 mm along the Z-axis, the corresponding speed adjustment is -2 rpm.

[0063] This non-linear proportional relationship is designed to suppress resonance by precisely controlling the matching between feed rate and spindle speed. As the tool penetrates deeper into the workpiece, the amount of material removed gradually increases, and the cutting force changes accordingly. By dynamically adjusting the spindle speed, resonance frequency matching caused by a fixed speed can be avoided, thereby reducing tool marks. Specifically, when the tool feeds 0.1 mm, the system automatically reduces the spindle speed by 2 rpm to break the conditions that may cause resonance.

[0064] By adjusting the spindle speed in real time to adapt to constantly changing cutting conditions, periodic surface ripples and tool marks caused by resonance are reduced, improving the surface finish of the sealing groove. Reasonable adjustment of the spindle speed not only improves cutting efficiency but also reduces unnecessary downtime, enhancing the continuity and stability of the entire machining process. It avoids inefficient or overloaded cutting conditions, reduces tool wear rate, extends tool life, and thus lowers production costs. Through dynamic adjustment and random fluctuation mechanisms, the system can better adapt to the requirements of different material properties and complex geometries, exhibiting greater flexibility and adaptability.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, when the tool's axial feed along the Z-axis reaches a preset parameter value, the spindle speed is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, further comprising:

[0066] When the cumulative displacement of the tool along the Z-axis is ≥1.5mm, the speed of the machine tool spindle is controlled to vary randomly within the range of ±15rpm.

[0067] Z-axis cumulative displacement: This refers to the total feed distance of the tool along the Z-axis from the start of machining to the current moment. For example, if the tool has accumulated a feed of 1.5 mm, then the cumulative displacement is 1.5 mm.

[0068] Random variation range ±15 rpm: When the cumulative displacement of the tool along the Z-axis reaches or exceeds 1.5 mm, the spindle speed will randomly increase or decrease by up to 15 rpm (i.e., fluctuate within ±15 rpm) based on the current setting. This random variation helps to break the resonance condition under fixed frequency and further suppress the generation of tool marks.

[0069] During cutting, as the cumulative feed rate of the tool along the Z-axis increases, the vibration mode of the machine tool-workpiece-tool system may change, especially when the cumulative displacement is large, which can easily lead to resonance. Therefore, when the cumulative displacement of the tool along the Z-axis reaches or exceeds 1.5 mm, the control system triggers an additional frequency offset module. This module randomly varies the spindle speed within ±15 rpm from the current set value. This strategy effectively disrupts potential resonant frequency matching and avoids the formation of periodic patterns by introducing small but unpredictable speed fluctuations.

[0070] By introducing random speed fluctuations when the cumulative displacement reaches a certain value, the fixed resonant frequency can be effectively disrupted, preventing the appearance of periodic patterns and thus improving the surface quality of the sealing groove. Random speed adjustment not only addresses the effects of material properties and cutting force fluctuations but also enhances the stability of the entire machining process, ensuring high machining accuracy even under complex conditions. It reduces surface ripples and tool marks caused by resonance, improving the surface finish of the sealing groove and consequently enhancing the product's sealing performance. By avoiding overload or unstable cutting conditions caused by resonance, it reduces tool wear rate, extends tool life, thereby lowering production costs and improving economic efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the preset parameter value for the axial feed of the tool along the Z-axis is 0.1 mm, and the preset adjustment value for adjusting the speed of the machine tool spindle is -2 rpm.

[0072] Whenever the tool advances 0.1 mm along the Z-axis, the system automatically reduces the spindle speed by 2 rpm. This dynamic adjustment mechanism is implemented through a macro program, which monitors the tool position in real time and adjusts the speed accordingly based on preset rules. This feed rate-based dynamic adjustment strategy aims to avoid resonance phenomena that may occur at a fixed speed, thereby reducing tool marks. As the tool penetrates deeper into the workpiece, the amount of material removed increases, and the cutting force changes accordingly. By gradually reducing the speed, these changes can be adapted to, and a stable machining state can be maintained.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the preset critical speed value is 300 rpm, and the machine tool spindle speed after speed reset is 466 rpm. Whenever the spindle speed is detected to be below 300 rpm, the system automatically triggers the speed reset mechanism to restore the spindle speed to 466 rpm. This mechanism can be implemented through conditional statements in a macro program, ensuring that even during long-term continuous machining, if the spindle speed becomes too low due to multiple feeds and speed adjustments, it can still quickly return to normal working condition. This speed reset mechanism aims to prevent problems such as machining instability, low efficiency, or accelerated tool wear caused by excessively low speed. By setting a reasonable critical speed value and resetting the speed when necessary, the continuity and stability of the machining process can be effectively guaranteed.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial rotational speed of the machine tool spindle are set, specifically as follows:

[0075] The initial coordinate of the machine tool in the Z-axis direction is -6.6, and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle is 466 rpm.

[0076] In this example, the initial coordinates are -6.6 mm. This negative value typically indicates that the tool begins cutting from below the workpiece surface, ensuring that the tool accurately reaches the predetermined starting cutting point. The initial spindle speed is set to 466 rpm. A suitable initial spindle speed helps to quickly penetrate the material and maintain a stable machining state. This precise initialization setting ensures that the tool starts cutting from an accurate and optimized position and operates at an appropriate spindle speed. The initial coordinates are chosen based on the specific geometry of the workpiece and machining requirements, while the initial spindle speed is determined based on material properties, desired surface quality, and machining efficiency.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes:

[0078] After each adjustment of the machine tool spindle speed, the conditional jump command in the macro program returns to the starting position of the cutting cycle and continues to execute the next axial feed operation.

[0079] Conditional jump instructions are instructions used in macro programs to determine the program flow based on specific conditions (such as GOTO). These instructions enable the program to dynamically adjust based on real-time monitoring data and return to the specified starting position to restart after completing a certain step.

[0080] Cutting cycle start position: refers to the starting point of each axial feed operation, where the tool prepares to begin a new feed and cutting action.

[0081] After each adjustment of the machine tool spindle speed, the system returns to the starting position of the cutting cycle via a conditional jump command in the macro program to continue executing the next axial feed operation. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0082] Set initial coordinates and rotation speed:

[0083] #1 = -6.6; Initial Z-axis coordinate is -6.6 mm;

[0084] #2 = 466; the initial spindle speed is 466 rpm;

[0085] Define cutting cycle labels:

[0086] Set a loop label (e.g., N100) in the macro program as the starting point for each loop:

[0087] N100 G01 Z#1S#2F0.08; Cutting cycle start position;

[0088] Perform axial feed and adjust the speed:

[0089] Each time a predetermined axial feed rate (e.g., 0.1 mm) is achieved, adjust the spindle speed (e.g., reduce by 2 rpm), and reset the speed if necessary.

[0090] #1 = #1 - 0.1; Z-axis coordinate reduced by 0.1 mm;

[0091] #2 = #2-2; Speed ​​reduced by 2 rpm;

[0092] IF[#2LT 300]THEN#2=466; If the speed is below 300rpm, then reset to 466rpm;

[0093] Conditional statements and redirects:

[0094] Use a conditional statement to check whether the cutting cycle needs to continue. If the condition is met, jump back to the starting position of the cutting cycle (N100):

[0095] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100; If the Z-axis coordinate is greater than or equal to -8.5, then jump back to N100.

[0096] By automatically returning to the starting position of the cutting cycle after each spindle speed adjustment, the continuity and stability of the machining process are ensured, avoiding interruptions or downtime caused by parameter adjustments. The system can seamlessly switch from one feed to the next, reducing unnecessary downtime and improving overall machining efficiency. This dynamic adjustment and cyclic control mechanism allows the system to better adapt to different material properties and complex geometric requirements, exhibiting greater flexibility and adaptability. Precise control of each feed and speed adjustment reduces tool marks and other surface defects, improving the surface finish and sealing performance of the sealing groove.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, the cutting cycle start position is returned via a conditional jump instruction in a macro program, specifically as follows:

[0098] Set a loop label in a macro program;

[0099] After completing one axial feed and adjusting the spindle speed, execute the conditional jump command to jump to the position indicated by the cycle label, so as to re-enter the starting step of the cutting cycle.

[0100] Loop label: An identifier set in a macro program to mark a specific location in the program. When certain conditions are met, the program can use a jump instruction to return to this location and restart execution.

[0101] Specific implementation steps:

[0102] Setting a loop label in a macro program

[0103] First, set a loop label (e.g., N100) in the macro program as the starting point for each cutting cycle:

[0104] N100 G01 Z#1S#2F0.08; Cutting cycle start position, Z-axis coordinate is #1, spindle speed is #2;

[0105] Complete one axial feed and adjust the spindle speed.

[0106] After each predetermined axial feed (e.g., 0.1 mm), adjust the spindle speed (e.g., reduce by 2 rpm), and reset the speed if necessary.

[0107] #1 = #1 - 0.1; Z-axis coordinate reduced by 0.1 mm;

[0108] #2 = #2-2; Speed ​​decreases by 2 rpm;

[0109] IF[#2LT 300]THEN#2=466; If the engine speed is below 300rpm, reset to 466rpm; Execute the conditional jump instruction.

[0110] Use a conditional statement to check whether the cutting cycle needs to continue. If the condition is met, jump back to the starting position of the cutting cycle (N100):

[0111] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100; If the Z-axis coordinate is greater than or equal to -8.5, then jump back to N100.

[0112] By automatically returning to the starting position of the cutting cycle after each spindle speed adjustment, the continuity and stability of the machining process are ensured, avoiding interruptions or downtime caused by parameter adjustments. The system can seamlessly switch from one feed to the next, reducing unnecessary downtime and improving overall machining efficiency. This dynamic adjustment and cyclic control mechanism allows the system to better adapt to different material properties and complex geometric requirements, exhibiting greater flexibility and adaptability. Precise control of each feed and speed adjustment reduces tool marks and other surface defects, improving the surface finish and sealing performance of the sealing groove.

[0113] In some embodiments of this application, the macro program includes:

[0114] Variable definition statements are used to set the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable;

[0115] Conditional statements are used to check whether the preset feed parameter value and preset critical speed value have been reached;

[0116] Assignment statements are used to update the values ​​of the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable;

[0117] Jump statements are used to implement loop control.

[0118] 1. Variable definition statement

[0119] Used to set the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable.

[0120] #1 = -6.6; Initial Z-axis coordinate is -6.6 mm;

[0121] #2 = 466; the initial spindle speed is 466 rpm;

[0122] #1: Represents the displacement variable along the Z-axis, in millimeters.

[0123] #2: Represents the spindle speed variable, in revolutions per minute (rpm).

[0124] 2. Conditional statements

[0125] Used to detect whether the preset feed parameter value and preset critical speed value have been reached.

[0126] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100; If the Z-axis coordinate is greater than or equal to -8.5, then jump back to N100;

[0127] IF[#2LT 300]THEN#2=466; If the speed is below 300rpm, then reset to 466rpm;

[0128] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100: When the Z-axis coordinate reaches or exceeds -8.5 mm, jump back to the cycle label N100 and restart the cutting cycle.

[0129] IF[#2LT 300]THEN#2=466: When the spindle speed is below 300rpm, the speed will be reset to 466rpm to ensure machining stability.

[0130] 3. Assignment statement

[0131] Used to update the values ​​of the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable.

[0132] #1 = #1 - 0.1; The Z-axis coordinate decreases by 0.1 mm after each feed.

[0133] #2 = #2-2; The rotational speed decreases by 2 rpm after each feed.

[0134] #1 = #1-0.1: Update the Z-axis coordinate variable after each 0.1 mm axial feed.

[0135] #2 = #2-2: After each 0.1 mm axial feed is completed, adjust the spindle speed and reduce it by 2 rpm.

[0136] 4. Jump statements

[0137] Used to achieve cyclic control and ensure continuous processing.

[0138] N100 G01 Z#1S#2F0.08; Cutting cycle start position, Z-axis coordinate is #1, spindle speed is #2;

[0139] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100; If the Z-axis coordinate is greater than or equal to -8.5, then jump back to N100;

[0140] N100: Defines a cycle label as the starting point for each cutting cycle.

[0141] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100: If the Z-axis coordinate reaches or exceeds -8.5 mm, jump back to N100 and continue to the next cutting cycle.

[0142] Below is a complete macro program example demonstrating how to combine the above components to achieve high-precision machining of the sealing groove:

[0143] Define variables

[0144] #1 = -6.6; Initial Z-axis coordinate is -6.6 mm;

[0145] #2 = 466; the initial spindle speed is 466 rpm;

[0146] Looping tags

[0147] N100 G01 Z#1S#2F0.08; Cutting cycle start position, Z-axis coordinate is #1, spindle speed is #2;

[0148] Update Z-axis coordinate and spindle speed

[0149] #1 = #1 - 0.1; Z-axis coordinate reduced by 0.1 mm;

[0150] #2 = #2-2; Speed ​​reduced by 2 rpm;

[0151] Conditional judgment and speed adjustment

[0152] IF[#2LT 300]THEN#2=466; If the speed is below 300rpm, then reset to 466rpm;

[0153] Conditional judgment and jump

[0154] IF[#1GE-8.5]THEN GOTO N100; If the Z-axis coordinate is greater than or equal to -8.5, then jump back to N100;

[0155] Termination condition

[0156] G00 U2.W1.; X / Z axis incremental retraction.

[0157] By precisely controlling the feed rate and spindle speed adjustment for each operation, tool marks and other surface defects are reduced, improving the surface finish of the sealing groove. The system can seamlessly switch from one feed to the next, reducing unnecessary downtime and improving overall machining efficiency. This dynamic adjustment and cyclic control mechanism allows the system to better adapt to different material properties and complex geometric requirements, exhibiting greater flexibility and adaptability. Real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the spindle speed effectively suppresses resonance, ensuring high-quality machining results.

[0158] A second aspect of this application provides a sealing groove processing system, comprising:

[0159] Machine tools are used to drive cutting tools to feed along the Z-axis.

[0160] Spindle drive unit, used to control the speed of machine tool spindle;

[0161] The processor executes the program to implement the sealing groove processing control method in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above.

[0162] The machine tool is used to drive the cutting tool to feed along the Z-axis. It provides high-precision positioning and feed control, ensuring accurate and consistent positioning for each cutting operation.

[0163] CNC machine tools (such as lathes or machining centers) are equipped with precision servo motors and guide rail systems, enabling them to achieve micron-level positioning accuracy. Through CNC system programming, the feed rate of the tool on the Z-axis can be precisely controlled.

[0164] The spindle drive unit is used to control the spindle speed of the machine tool. The spindle drive unit adjusts the spindle speed in real time according to macro program instructions to avoid resonance and optimize the machining process.

[0165] The spindle drive unit typically consists of a frequency converter and a servo motor, enabling rapid response and precise control of spindle speed changes. It can dynamically adjust the speed according to machining requirements and features overload protection and automatic reset functions.

[0166] The processor is responsible for running the macro program, monitoring various parameters during the machining process, and dynamically adjusting them according to preset rules. The processor can be the CPU in a CNC system or a dedicated controller, possessing high-speed computing capabilities and abundant I / O interfaces. It runs the macro program to implement closed-loop control logic, including functions such as variable definition, conditional judgment, assignment and update, and jump control.

[0167] The sealing groove machining system provided in the second aspect of this application reduces tool marks and other surface defects by precisely controlling the feed rate and spindle speed adjustment for each operation, thereby improving the surface finish of the sealing groove. The system can seamlessly switch from one feed to the next, reducing unnecessary downtime and improving overall machining efficiency. This dynamic adjustment and cyclic control mechanism allows the system to better adapt to different material properties and complex geometric requirements, exhibiting greater flexibility and adaptability. By monitoring and dynamically adjusting the spindle speed in real time, resonance is effectively suppressed, ensuring high-quality machining results.

[0168] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0169] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0170] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the processing of a sealing groove, characterized in that, include: Set the initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle; During the cutting cycle, when the tool feeds along the Z-axis to the preset parameter value, the speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to the preset adjustment value. When the speed of the machine tool spindle is less than the preset critical speed value, the speed of the machine tool spindle is reset.

2. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the tool reaches a preset parameter value along the Z-axis, the spindle speed of the machine tool is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, specifically: The change in the Z-axis coordinate is ΔZ, and the speed adjustment is ΔS, where... ΔZ / ΔS = 0.05 mm / rpm.

3. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the tool reaches a preset parameter value along the Z-axis, the speed of the machine tool spindle is adjusted according to a preset adjustment value, and the method further includes: When the cumulative displacement of the tool along the Z-axis is ≥1.5mm, the speed of the machine tool spindle is controlled to vary randomly within the range of ±15rpm.

4. The sealing groove processing control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The preset parameter value for the axial feed of the tool along the Z-axis is 0.1 mm, and the preset adjustment value for the rotational speed of the machine tool spindle is -2 rpm.

5. The sealing groove processing control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The preset critical speed is 300 rpm, and the speed of the machine tool spindle after speed reset is 466 rpm.

6. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial coordinates of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction of the machine tool and the initial rotational speed of the machine tool spindle are set as follows: The initial coordinate of the machine tool in the Z-axis direction is -6.6, and the initial speed of the machine tool spindle is 466 rpm.

7. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes: After each adjustment of the machine tool spindle speed, the machine tool returns to the starting position of the cutting cycle via a conditional jump command in the macro program and continues to execute the next axial feed operation.

8. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of returning to the starting position of the cutting cycle via a conditional jump instruction in the macro program is as follows: Set a loop label in a macro program; After completing one axial feed and adjusting the spindle speed, the conditional jump command is executed to jump to the position marked by the cycle label, so as to re-enter the starting step of the cutting cycle.

9. The sealing groove processing control method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The macro program includes: Variable definition statements are used to set the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable; Conditional statements are used to check whether the preset feed parameter value and preset critical speed value have been reached; Assignment statements are used to update the values ​​of the Z-axis displacement variable and the machine tool spindle speed variable; Jump statements are used to implement loop control.

10. A sealing groove processing system, characterized in that, include: Machine tool, used to drive the cutting tool to feed along the Z-axis; A spindle drive unit is used to control the rotational speed of the machine tool spindle; and a processor, wherein the processor executes a program to implement the sealing groove machining control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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