Whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technologies, which relates to the technical field of crossing of automotive electronics and wireless communication and comprises a wireless power supply subsystem, a wireless communication subsystem, a central control subsystem, an energy management subsystem and a plurality of electronic control units. The electronic control unit comprises a power control ECU, a chassis control ECU, a vehicle body control ECU and an intelligent driving ECU which are respectively responsible for controlling different functions of the vehicle. According to the whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on the wireless power supply and wireless communication technology, through the wireless power supply subsystem and the wireless communication subsystem, the constraint of traditional wired connection is thoroughly got rid of, a large number of wire harnesses are eliminated, the weight of a vehicle is remarkably reduced, the cruising ability of the vehicle is improved, the cost of links such as purchasing, arrangement and installation of the wire harnesses is reduced, and the whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology is suitable for popularization and application. And the maintenance cost caused by wire harness faults is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive electronics and wireless communication technology, specifically to a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the level of electrification and intelligence of vehicles is constantly increasing, and the vehicle's electronic and electrical architecture is becoming increasingly complex. Currently, vehicle electronic and electrical architectures generally rely on a large number of wired connections to achieve data transmission and power supply between various electronic control units (ECUs). However, this traditional wired architecture has many drawbacks. First, the large number of wiring harnesses significantly increases the vehicle's weight, thus affecting its range, especially for new energy vehicles. Second, the wiring harness layout requires a significant amount of space inside the vehicle, posing considerable challenges to vehicle design and manufacturing, and increasing production and assembly costs. Furthermore, wired connections are susceptible to vibration, temperature changes, and other factors, leading to problems such as poor contact and signal attenuation, affecting the vehicle's reliability and safety.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional vehicle power supply methods require wired connections via physical interfaces, which are cumbersome and prone to issues such as interface wear and poor contact, thus reducing the user experience. In terms of communication, wired communication lacks flexibility, making it difficult to meet the dynamic communication needs of vehicles in different scenarios, and also hindering future upgrades and expansions of vehicle functions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology, including a wireless power supply system, a wireless communication subsystem, a central control subsystem, an energy management subsystem, and several electronic control units (ECUs). The electronic control units (ECUs) include a power control ECU, a chassis control ECU, a body control ECU, an intelligent driving ECU, etc., which are responsible for controlling different functions of the vehicle. Each ECU is equipped with an on-board wireless communication module and an energy receiving module, which can interact with the central control subsystem and other ECUs through the wireless communication subsystem and receive energy allocated by the energy management subsystem wirelessly. The wireless power supply system is used to realize wireless power transfer between the vehicle and an external power source, including a ground transmitting module and an on-board receiving module; The wireless communication subsystem is used to realize data transmission between various ECUs inside the vehicle and between the vehicle and the outside (such as the cloud or other vehicles), including an in-vehicle wireless communication module and an external communication interface module. The central control subsystem, as the core of the entire architecture, is used to coordinate and control the work of various subsystems and ECUs, including the main controller and data processing unit. The energy management subsystem is used for unified management and distribution of vehicle energy, including an energy monitoring unit, an energy distribution unit, and an energy storage unit. Energy monitoring unit: Real-time monitoring of the vehicle's power battery charge, energy consumption of each ECU, and energy transmission status of the wireless power supply system, and sends the monitoring data to the central control subsystem; Energy distribution unit: Based on the instructions of the central control subsystem and the data of the energy monitoring unit, it dynamically adjusts the distribution of energy among various ECUs and devices to ensure the rational use of vehicle energy and improve energy efficiency. Energy storage unit: also known as the vehicle's power battery, is used to store energy received by the wireless power supply system and energy recovered during vehicle braking, providing power to various parts of the vehicle.

[0006] Each subsystem (wireless power supply system, wireless communication subsystem, central control subsystem, energy management subsystem) and the ECU exchange data through the wireless communication subsystem. Energy is transmitted and distributed wirelessly through the wireless power supply system and the energy management subsystem. The entire system does not require wired connections, achieving full-area cablelessness.

[0007] Furthermore, the ground-based transmission module is installed in locations such as parking lots and roads, and consists of a high-frequency inverter, a transmission coil array, and a transmission control unit, as detailed below: High-frequency inverter: Converts mains power into high-frequency alternating current, with a frequency range of 85 to 205 kHz, to power the transmitting coil array; Transmitting coil array: Composed of multiple coils, it can dynamically switch according to the vehicle's location and power supply needs, thereby improving energy transmission efficiency; Transmission control unit: Employs a microprocessor (such as the STM32H7 series) to detect vehicle position, control the output power of the high-frequency inverter, and coordinate the operation of the transmission coil array.

[0008] Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted receiver module is installed at the bottom of the vehicle and consists of a receiving coil, a rectifier filter circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, and a receiving control unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are coupled magnetically to achieve energy transfer, and their dimensions are matched with those of the transmitting coil to ensure good coupling effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the rectifier and filter circuit converts the high-frequency AC power induced by the receiving coil into DC power, and the voltage regulator circuit stabilizes the DC power at the voltage required by the vehicle (such as 12V, 5V, etc.) to power the vehicle or the power battery.

[0011] Furthermore, the receiving control unit communicates with the transmitting control unit to provide feedback on the vehicle's power supply status and energy requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module employs a combination of ultra-wideband (UWB) and 5G technologies for communication, including a UWB communication module, a 5G communication module, and a communication protocol conversion unit, as detailed below: UWB communication module: used for short-distance, high-precision data transmission inside vehicles, supporting centimeter-level positioning and high-speed data transmission (rates up to 1Gbps and above), suitable for control signal transmission with high real-time requirements; 5G communication module: used for long-distance communication between the vehicle and the outside world, as well as the transmission of large amounts of data (such as high-definition video, map data, etc.) inside the vehicle, featuring low latency, high bandwidth, and wide coverage.

[0013] Communication protocol conversion unit: used to convert between different communication protocols to ensure normal communication between ECUs and with external devices.

[0014] Furthermore, the external communication interface module is installed on the vehicle to wirelessly connect with ground infrastructure (such as traffic lights, power supply pile control centers), cloud servers, and other vehicles, and supports the V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication protocol to realize information interaction between the vehicle and the outside world.

[0015] Furthermore, the main controller employs a high-performance microprocessor (such as the NXP S32G series), which has powerful computing capabilities and multi-interface support functions. It is used to receive information from various ECUs and subsystems and issue control commands according to preset control strategies.

[0016] Furthermore, the data processing unit is used to analyze and process various received data (such as sensor data, communication data, power supply data, etc.), extract useful information, provide a basis for vehicle decision-making and control, and has data storage function, which can store vehicle operating data, fault information, etc.

[0017] This invention provides a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology, which has the following advantages: 1. This invention completely eliminates the constraints of traditional wired connections by using a wireless power supply system and a wireless communication subsystem, eliminating a large number of wiring harnesses. This not only significantly reduces the weight of the vehicle (3-5% reduction in overall vehicle weight) and improves the vehicle's range, with particularly noticeable effects on new energy vehicles, but also reduces the costs of purchasing, laying out, and installing wiring harnesses, and lowers maintenance costs due to wiring harness failures.

[0018] 2. This invention avoids problems such as poor contact and signal attenuation caused by vibration, wear, and aging in wired connections, thus improving the stability and reliability of the system. At the same time, wireless communication and wireless power supply make the layout of each ECU more flexible, which is conducive to the modular design of the vehicle. When adding or upgrading vehicle functions, only the corresponding wireless module and ECU need to be added, which greatly improves the scalability of the system.

[0019] 3. This invention enhances the user experience. The wireless power supply eliminates the need for a physical interface connection; users simply need to park the vehicle in a designated area for automatic power supply, making operation convenient. Simultaneously, wireless communication facilitates smoother information exchange between the vehicle and the outside world, providing excellent support for intelligent driving, vehicle networking, and other functions, thus improving the user's driving experience.

[0020] 4. The energy management subsystem of this invention can dynamically allocate energy according to the energy consumption needs of various parts of the vehicle, improve energy utilization efficiency, and further extend the vehicle's driving range. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a logical architecture diagram of a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless power supply system for a vehicle's electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology, according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an in-vehicle wireless communication module based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology includes: a wireless power supply system 1, a wireless communication subsystem 2, a central control subsystem 3, an energy management subsystem 4, and multiple electronic control units (ECUs) 5.

[0024] In the wireless power supply system 1, the high-frequency inverter 111 of the ground transmitting module 11 adopts a full-bridge inverter circuit, with an input of 220V AC mains power and an output high-frequency AC power frequency of 150kHz. The transmitting coil array 112 consists of four groups of planar spiral coils, each 50cm × 50cm in size, wound with 2mm diameter enameled copper wire, 15 turns each, with a spacing of 10cm between adjacent coils. The transmitting control unit 113 uses an STM32H743 microprocessor to detect the vehicle position via a vehicle position sensor (such as an ultrasonic sensor) and control the corresponding coils in the transmitting coil array 112 to operate. The receiving coil 121 of the vehicle-mounted receiving module 12 is 40cm × 40cm in size, also wound with 2mm diameter enameled copper wire, 12 turns each, and is installed at the center of the vehicle's bottom. The rectifier and filter circuit 122 uses bridge rectification and electrolytic capacitor filtering to convert the high-frequency AC power into DC power. The voltage regulator circuit 123 uses a DC-DC converter to stabilize the output voltage at 48V, powering the energy storage unit 43 and each of the vehicle's ECUs 5. The receiver control unit 124 uses an STM32L4 series low-power microprocessor and communicates with the transmitter control unit 113 via Bluetooth to provide feedback on the power supply status.

[0025] In the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 21 of the wireless communication subsystem 2, the UWB communication module 211 uses the DW1000 chip, supports ranging and high-speed data transmission, with a transmission rate of up to 6.8Mbps, and is used for real-time control signal transmission between various ECUs 5 inside the vehicle, with a communication distance of up to 10m inside the vehicle. The 5G communication module 212 uses the Huawei MH5000-31 module, supports the Sub-6GHz frequency band, with a download speed of up to 2Gbps and an upload speed of up to 200Mbps, and is used for high-volume data transmission between the vehicle and the cloud, as well as other vehicles. The communication protocol conversion unit 213 uses a dedicated protocol conversion chip, supporting the conversion between protocols such as CAN, LIN, and Ethernet and wireless communication protocols. The external communication interface module 22 is compatible with the V2X communication protocol and can communicate with V2X infrastructure on the road.

[0026] The main controller 31 of the central control subsystem 3 uses an NXPS32G274A microprocessor with six Arm Cortex-A53 cores and two Arm Cortex-M7 cores, providing powerful computing capabilities and the ability to handle multiple tasks. The data processing unit 32 uses an FPGA (such as the Xilinx Artix-7 series) for high-speed data processing and storage, capable of storing nearly three months of vehicle operating data.

[0027] The energy monitoring unit 41 of the energy management subsystem 4 uses voltage and current sensors to monitor the power of the energy storage unit 43 (power battery, capacity 70kWh) and the energy consumption of each ECU 5 in real time, and sends the data to the central control subsystem 3. The energy distribution unit 42 uses a multi-channel DC-DC converter to convert 48V voltage into different voltages such as 12V and 5V according to the instructions of the main controller 31 to power different ECUs 5.

[0028] The electronic control unit 5 includes a power control ECU, a chassis control ECU, a body control ECU, and an intelligent driving ECU. Each of them is equipped with a corresponding UWB communication module and an energy receiving module. They communicate with the central control subsystem 3 and other ECUs via UWB and receive energy provided by the energy distribution unit 42.

[0029] In summary, combining Figures 1-3 As shown, the workflow of this vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology is as follows: When the vehicle needs power, it enters an area equipped with a ground-based transmitting module 11. After the transmitting control unit 113 detects the vehicle's position, it controls the corresponding transmitting coil to operate. The receiving coil 121 of the on-board receiving module 12 is coupled to the transmitting coil, and the energy is transferred to the energy storage unit 43 for power supply through the rectifier filter circuit 122 and the voltage regulator circuit 123. During vehicle operation, the central control subsystem 3 receives data sent by each ECU 5 through the wireless communication subsystem 2. After analysis by the data processing unit 32, the main controller 31 issues control commands, which are transmitted to each ECU 5 through the wireless communication subsystem 2 to achieve vehicle control. The energy monitoring unit 41 of the energy management subsystem 4 monitors the energy status in real time, and the energy distribution unit 42 dynamically distributes energy according to the instructions of the main controller 31 to ensure the normal operation of each ECU 5.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A wireless power supply, wireless communication technology-based vehicle electronic and electrical topology, characterized by, The system includes a wireless power supply subsystem, a wireless communication subsystem, a central control subsystem, an energy management subsystem, and several electronic control units (ECUs), including a power control ECU, a chassis control ECU, a vehicle body control ECU, and an intelligent driving ECU, each responsible for controlling a different function of the vehicle and equipped with the wireless communication module and the energy receiving module. The wireless power supply subsystem is used to realize wireless energy transmission between the vehicle and an external power source, and includes a ground transmitting module and a vehicle-mounted receiving module. The wireless communication subsystem is used to realize data transmission between the ECUs inside the vehicle and between the vehicle and the outside, and includes a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module and an external communication interface module. The central control subsystem is the core of the entire system architecture and is used to coordinate and control the operation of the various subsystems and ECUs, and includes a main controller and a data processing unit. The energy management subsystem is used to manage and distribute the energy of the vehicle, and includes an energy monitoring unit, an energy distribution unit, and an energy storage unit. The energy monitoring unit monitors the power of the vehicle's power battery, the energy consumption of each ECU, and the energy transmission status of the wireless power supply subsystem in real time, and sends the monitoring data to the central control subsystem. The energy distribution unit dynamically adjusts the distribution of energy among the ECUs and devices according to the instructions of the central control subsystem and the data of the energy monitoring unit. The energy storage unit, i.e., the vehicle's power battery, is used to store the energy received by the wireless power supply subsystem and the energy recovered during vehicle braking, and provides energy for various parts of the vehicle. The wireless power supply subsystem, wireless communication subsystem, central control subsystem, energy management subsystem, and ECUs interact with each other through the wireless communication subsystem, and energy is transmitted and distributed wirelessly through the wireless power supply subsystem and the energy management subsystem.

2. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground transmitting module is installed in parking lots and roads and consists of a high-frequency inverter, a transmitting coil array, and a transmitting control unit. The high-frequency inverter converts the mains power into high-frequency alternating current with a frequency range of 85-205 kHz to power the transmitting coil array. The transmitting coil array is composed of multiple coil combinations and can dynamically switch according to the vehicle's position and power supply needs. The transmitting control unit uses a microprocessor to detect the vehicle's position, control the output power of the high-frequency inverter, and coordinate the operation of the transmitting coil array.

3. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted receiving module is installed at the bottom of the vehicle and consists of a receiving coil, a rectifier filter circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a receiving control unit.

4. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving coil and the transmitting coil use magnetic resonance coupling to achieve energy transmission, and their sizes are matched.

5. The whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rectifier filter circuit converts the high-frequency alternating current induced by the receiving coil into direct current, and the voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes the direct current at the voltage required by the vehicle to provide power for the vehicle or the power battery.

6. The whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving control unit communicates with the transmitting control unit to feedback the vehicle's power supply status and energy needs.

7. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted wireless communication module adopts a combination of ultra-wideband technology and 5G technology for communication, including a UWB communication module, a 5G communication module, and a communication protocol conversion unit, as follows: The UWB communication module is used for short-distance, high-precision data transmission within the vehicle, supporting centimeter-level positioning and high-speed data transmission. The 5G communication module is used for long-distance communication between the vehicle and the outside world and for transmission of large amounts of data within the vehicle. The communication protocol conversion unit is used to realize conversion between different communication protocols, ensuring normal communication between ECUs and with the outside world.

8. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external communication interface module is provided on the vehicle for wireless communication connection with ground infrastructure, cloud servers, and other vehicles, and supports V2X communication protocols to realize information exchange between the vehicle and the outside world.

9. The whole vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller uses a high-performance microprocessor to receive information from various ECUs and subsystems and issue control instructions based on pre-set control strategies.

10. The vehicle electronic and electrical topology based on wireless power supply and wireless communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing unit is used to analyze and process various received data, extract useful information, and provide a basis for vehicle decision-making and control, and has data storage function to store vehicle operation data and fault information.

Images