Atomizing nozzle of high-viscosity heavy oil burner

Abstract

The high-viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle comprises a fuel channel and a steam channel, the fuel channel is wrapped by the steam channel, one end of the fuel channel is connected with a fuel port, the other end of the fuel channel is connected with an inner inlet of the nozzle, one end of the steam channel is connected with a steam port, and the other end of the steam channel is connected to an outer inlet of the nozzle; external fuel enters the fuel channel through the fuel port and then enters the inner channel of the nozzle. External steam enters the steam channel through the steam opening and then enters the outer channel of the nozzle, and the fuel and the steam are sprayed out after being mixed at the outlet of the nozzle. The steam channel wraps the fuel channel, fuel is heated in advance through steam, the temperature of the fuel entering the nozzle is guaranteed, the viscosity, density and surface tension of the fuel are reduced, and therefore the atomization quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to atomizing nozzles, and more specifically to an atomizing nozzle for a high-viscosity heavy oil burner. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy oil is the residue remaining after crude oil has been heated and refined to separate gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. Its ignition and burnout characteristics are easier than pulverized coal. For complete combustion, heavy oil must be rapidly evaporated. As a key component of the burner, the performance of the atomizing nozzle determines the atomization quality of the heavy oil, thus affecting its combustion efficiency. Therefore, developing a heavy oil spray gun that can efficiently atomize heavy oil and form a suitable mist field can solve the above problems and has broad application value.

[0003] Atomization quality is related not only to the structural characteristics of the nozzle itself, but also to the viscosity, density, and surface tension of the fuel. The latter three parameters are determined by the fuel temperature; increasing the temperature level can improve atomization, but heating the fuel in current atomizing nozzles is quite difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an atomizing nozzle for a high-viscosity heavy oil burner, which solves the problem that existing atomizing nozzles are difficult to heat the internal fuel.

[0005] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention:

[0006] A high-viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle includes a fuel channel and a steam channel. The steam channel surrounds the fuel channel. One end of the fuel channel is connected to a fuel port, and the other end is connected to the inner inlet of the nozzle. One end of the steam channel is connected to a steam port, and the other end is connected to the outer inlet of the nozzle.

[0007] External fuel enters the fuel channel through the fuel port and then enters the inner channel of the nozzle; external steam enters the steam channel through the steam port and then enters the outer channel of the nozzle. The fuel and steam are mixed at the nozzle outlet and then ejected.

[0008] Furthermore, the steam passage is also covered with a protective sleeve for insulation.

[0009] Furthermore, one end of the aforementioned protective sleeve is provided with an annular hole, and a packing gland is installed on the annular hole to block the annular hole. Insulation material is installed inside the protective sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, a distributor is provided at the inlet of the nozzle. The distributor has an inner channel and an outer channel. One end of the inner channel is connected to the fuel channel and the other end is connected to the inner channel of the nozzle. One end of the outer channel is connected to the steam channel and the other end is connected to the outer channel of the nozzle. The distributor is used to adjust the ratio of fuel and steam entering the nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner channel of the above-mentioned nozzle is provided with a flow divider, a heavy oil cyclone separator and a heavy oil nozzle in sequence from the inner inlet to the outlet. The fuel is mixed with steam at the nozzle outlet after passing through the flow divider, the heavy oil cyclone separator and the heavy oil nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, an atomizing plate is also provided at the outlet of the aforementioned nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the fuel port is connected to the fuel channel via a U-shaped pipe, and the steam port is connected to the steam channel via a V-shaped pipe. The end of the U-shaped pipe near the fuel port and the end of the V-shaped pipe near the steam port are arranged parallel to each other. The U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are located on the same plane, and the tip of the V-shaped pipe is attached to the inner wall of the U-shaped pipe. The U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are also fixed together by an adjustment device.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned adjusting device includes a clamping plate and two side plates, which together form a U-shaped frame. The U-shaped frame encloses the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube. The two side plates are located on both sides of the combination of the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube, respectively. The opening of the U-shaped frame is close to the fuel port and the steam port. A clamping plate is provided at the opening of the U-shaped frame. The clamping plate is provided with a sleeve that mates with the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube, respectively. The clamping plate fits onto the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube through the sleeve. The clamping plate and the U-shaped frame work together to hold the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube in place. Vertical through pins are also provided on the two side plates. The two ends of the pins are fixed by pins, which restrict the clamping plate within the U-shaped frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned card plate is provided with a screw perpendicular to the card plate, and the screw is threadedly connected to the card plate. The screw is pushed into the U-shaped frame, and its top contacts the U-shaped tube. Rotating the screw makes the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube fit together and be fixed.

[0016] Furthermore, both the U-shaped tube and the V-shaped tube mentioned above have stepped structures near the clamping plate to facilitate the clamping of the clamping plate and the U-shaped frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. In this invention, the steam channel is wrapped around the fuel channel, and the fuel is preheated by steam, which ensures the temperature of the fuel when it enters the nozzle, reduces the viscosity, density and surface tension of the fuel, thereby improving the atomization quality.

[0019] 2. The steam and fuel inlets of this invention are both designed in parallel, which facilitates installation and reduces heat loss from steam by having the U-shaped pipe wrap around the V-shaped pipe and partially fitting together.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of direction B in the diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view along direction AA. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The following description relates to...

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this specification as detailed in the appended claims.

[0027] The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this specification. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this specification to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0029] The problem-solving approach of this invention:

[0030] like Figure 1-3A high-viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle includes a fuel channel 201 and a steam channel 202. The steam channel 202 encloses the fuel channel 201. One end of the fuel channel 201 is connected to a fuel port 203, and the other end is connected to the inner inlet 101 of the nozzle 100. One end of the steam channel 202 is connected to a steam port 204, and the other end is connected to the outer inlet 102 of the nozzle 100.

[0031] External fuel enters fuel passage 201 through fuel port 203 and then enters inner passage 103 of nozzle 1; external steam enters steam passage 202 through steam port 204 and then enters outer passage 104 of nozzle 100. Fuel and steam are mixed at outlet 106 of nozzle 100 and then ejected.

[0032] This invention encloses the fuel channel 201 in a steam channel 202, heating the fuel with steam. Atomization quality depends not only on the nozzle's structural characteristics but also on the viscosity, density, and surface tension of the fuel gas. The latter three parameters are determined by the fuel temperature; increasing the temperature improves atomization. This is the advantage of using a steam-heated nozzle.

[0033] The steam passage 202 is also covered by a protective sleeve 300 for insulation. Generally, it is designed to be hollow, and air insulation provides a certain level of insulation. However, in this invention, one end of the protective sleeve 300 has an annular hole 301, and a packing gland 302 is installed on the annular hole 301. The packing gland 302 blocks the annular hole 301 and is fixed by a flange. Insulation material, such as rock wool, is installed inside the protective sleeve 300, enhancing the insulation effect.

[0034] A distributor 110 is provided at the inlet 105 of the nozzle 100. The distributor 110 is provided with an inner channel 111 and an outer channel 112. One end of the inner channel 111 is connected to the fuel channel 201 and the other end is connected to the inner channel of the nozzle. One end of the outer channel 112 is connected to the steam channel 202 and the other end is connected to the outer channel of the nozzle. The distributor 110 is used to adjust the ratio of fuel and steam entering the nozzle 1.

[0035] In the inner channel 103 of nozzle 1, a flow divider 140, a heavy oil cyclone separator 150 and a heavy oil nozzle 160 are arranged sequentially from the inner inlet 101 to the outlet 106. The fuel passes through the flow divider 140, the heavy oil cyclone separator 150 and the heavy oil nozzle 160 and mixes with steam at the nozzle outlet.

[0036] An atomizing plate 170 is also provided at the outlet 106 of nozzle 1.

[0037] In nozzle 1, the inner channel of distributor 110 is threadedly connected to the heavy oil connecting nut 130. The inner channel 103 is inside the heavy oil connecting nut 130. Nozzle 1 is then threadedly connected to the outer channel of distributor 110 through steam connecting nut 120. The outer channel 104 is inside the steam connecting nut 120. The other end of steam connecting nut 120 is connected to atomizing plate 170.

[0038] Inside the inner channel 103, the flow divider 140 is located on the outer side, and the heavy oil cyclone separator 150 and heavy oil nozzle 160 are assembled on the inner side.

[0039] In this invention, the distributor 110, the flow divider 140, the heavy oil cyclone separator 150, the heavy oil nozzle 160, and the atomizing plate 170 are all existing technologies, and their structures will not be described in detail. This part is a conventional mechanical cyclone atomizing plate structure. Figure 2 Item 120 is a rotating atomizing plate. When the heavy oil, whose viscosity decreases after heating, passes through the rotating atomizing plate, the plate rotates, causing the heavy oil to rotate as well. The high-speed rotating heavy oil is then atomized again by the heated steam at the nozzle tip, resulting in better atomization. Because the rotating atomizing plate is a mechanical device, there is a risk of wear. This can be mitigated by… Figure 1 , 3 Remove component 407 from the middle section, and simultaneously rotate component 408 to remove the entire barrel, enabling online replacement of the gun head.

[0040] The atomizing plate 170 is made of wear-resistant steel or a mixture of tungsten, cobalt, carbon, titanium, or iron-chromium using powder metallurgy. The wear-resistant steel version has a service life of approximately 1500–2000 hours; the tungsten, cobalt, carbon, and titanium mixture version has a service life of approximately 8000 hours; and the iron-chromium mixture version has a service life of approximately 4000 hours.

[0041] This invention is designed based on the required output of the equipment, the pressure of the fuel before the nozzle, and the pressure of the atomizing steam. The steam pressure is generally 0.5–0.6 MPa, and its temperature is 200–250°C. The viscosity of the fuel before the nozzle is recommended not to exceed 16 × 10⁻⁶ m² / s. The fuel should not contain particles larger than 0.5 mm. When burning heavy oil with minimal excess air, the fuel viscosity should be maintained at 13 × 10⁻⁶ m² / s.

[0042] At rated output, the consumption of atomizing steam is 2% of the heavy oil mass, and the steam pressure is 0.3–0.4 MPa.

[0043] Oil burners are crucial equipment in industrial combustion, and atomization is one of their key technologies. The quality of atomization directly affects the burner's combustion efficiency and emission performance. In this burner, atomization is primarily achieved within the nozzle. The nozzle has a complex internal flow channel design. When oil passes through, it is sheared by the high-speed airflow and dispersed into tiny droplets. These droplets mix thoroughly with the steam, resulting in more complete combustion and improved combustion efficiency.

[0044] This invention integrates common mechanical atomization, air atomization, and pressure atomization into one device. By using steam to mix with fuel and swirling mixing, the uniformity of steam-fuel mixing is improved. High-temperature steam can improve the atomization level of fuel, allowing the fuel to burn completely, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides during combustion.

[0045] Fuel port 203 is connected to fuel channel 201 via U-shaped pipe 205, and steam port 204 is connected to steam channel 202 via V-shaped pipe 206. The end of U-shaped pipe 205 near fuel port 203 and the end of V-shaped pipe 206 near steam port 204 are arranged parallel to each other. U-shaped pipe 205 and V-shaped pipe 206 are located on the same plane. The tip of V-shaped pipe 206 is attached to the inner wall of U-shaped pipe 205. U-shaped pipe 205 and V-shaped pipe 206 are also fixed together by adjusting device 400.

[0046] U-shaped tube 205 Figure 1 As shown, the upper end is a bend, and the lower end is an L-shaped section. The end of the V-shaped tube 206, which aligns with the end of the U-shaped tube 205, is designed as a flat surface. This flat surface fits snugly against the L-shaped section, resulting in a tighter fit. This design facilitates both secure fixing and increases the number of contact points, thus improving heat transfer.

[0047] The adjusting device 400 includes a clamping plate 401 and two side plates 402, which together form a U-shaped frame 403. The U-shaped frame 403 encloses a U-shaped tube 205 and a V-shaped tube 206. The two side plates 402 are located on both sides of the combination of the U-shaped tube 205 and the V-shaped tube 206, respectively. The opening of the U-shaped frame 403 is close to the fuel port 203 and the steam port 204. A clamping plate 404 is provided at the opening of the U-shaped frame 403. The upper part is provided with sleeves 405 that mate with U-shaped tubes 205 and V-shaped tubes 206 respectively. Clamping plates 404 are fitted onto the U-shaped tubes 205 and V-shaped tubes 206 through the sleeves 405. Clamping plates 404 and U-shaped frames 403 cooperate to clamp the U-shaped tubes 205 and V-shaped tubes 206. Two side plates 402 are also provided with vertically penetrating pins 406. The two ends of the pins 406 are fixed by pins 407, which restrict the clamping plates 404 within the U-shaped frames 403. A screw 408 perpendicular to the clamping plate 401 is provided on the retaining plate 401. The screw 408 is threadedly connected to the retaining plate 401. The screw 408 pushes into the U-shaped frames 403, with its top contacting the U-shaped tubes 205. Rotating the screw 408 causes the U-shaped tubes 205 and V-shaped tubes 206 to fit and be fixed together. The aforementioned U-shaped tube 205 and V-shaped tube 206 are both provided with stepped structures near the clamping plate 404 to facilitate the clamping of the clamping plate 404 and the U-shaped frame 403.

[0048] After rotating the screw 408, it moves the U-shaped tube 205 and the V-shaped tube 206 toward the clamping plate 404. In fact, the U-shaped frame 403 is moving, but because the clamping plate 404 is restricted, it is restricted by the pin 406. Therefore, the screw 408 and the clamping plate 404 clamp the U-shaped tube 205 and the V-shaped tube 206, ensuring the fixation between the U-shaped tube 205 and the V-shaped tube 206.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle characterized by, The fuel channel and the steam channel are included, the steam channel wraps the fuel channel, one end of the fuel channel is connected with the fuel port, the other end is connected with the inner inlet of the nozzle, one end of the steam channel is connected with the steam port, the other end is connected with the outer inlet of the nozzle; The external fuel enters the fuel channel through the fuel port, then enters the inner channel of the nozzle, the external steam enters the steam channel through the steam port, then enters the outer channel of the nozzle, the fuel and the steam are mixed at the outlet of the nozzle and then are sprayed out.

2. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The steam channel is further wrapped with a protective sleeve for heat preservation.

3. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle as claimed in claim 2 wherein, One end of the protective sleeve is provided with a ring hole, a packing gland is arranged on the ring hole, the packing gland blocks the ring hole, and heat preservation material is arranged in the protective sleeve.

4. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein A distributor is arranged at the inlet of the nozzle, the distributor is provided with an inner channel and an outer channel, one end of the inner channel is connected with the fuel channel, the other end is communicated with the inner channel of the nozzle, one end of the outer channel is connected with the steam channel, the other end is communicated with the outer channel of the nozzle, and the distributor is used for adjusting the proportion of the fuel and the steam entering the nozzle.

5. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle as defined in claim 1 wherein, A splitter, a heavy oil cyclone and a heavy oil nozzle are sequentially arranged in the inner channel of the nozzle from the inner inlet to the outlet, the fuel passes through the splitter, the heavy oil cyclone and the heavy oil nozzle, and is mixed with the steam at the outlet of the nozzle.

6. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle as defined in claim 1 wherein, An atomizing sheet is further arranged at the outlet of the nozzle.

7. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle and design method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The fuel port is communicated to the fuel channel through a U-shaped pipe, the steam port is communicated to the steam channel through a V-shaped pipe, one end of the U-shaped pipe close to the fuel port is arranged in parallel with one end of the V-shaped pipe close to the steam port, the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are located in the same plane, the tip of the V-shaped pipe is attached to the inner side wall of the U-shaped pipe, and the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are further fixed through an adjusting device.

8. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle and design method as claimed in claim 7 wherein, The adjusting device includes a clamping plate and two side plates, the clamping plate and the two side plates form a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame wraps the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe, the two side plates are respectively located on two sides of the combination of the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe, the mouth of the U-shaped frame is close to the fuel port and the steam port, the mouth of the U-shaped frame is provided with a clamping plate, the clamping plate is provided with sleeve openings matched with the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe respectively, the clamping plate is sleeved on the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe through the sleeve openings, the clamping plate and the U-shaped frame cooperate to clamp the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe, and vertical penetrating pins are further arranged on the two side plates, the two ends of the pins are fixed through pins, and the clamping plate is limited in the U-shaped frame through the pins.

9. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle and design method as claimed in claim 8 wherein, A screw is arranged on the clamping plate and is perpendicular to the clamping plate, the screw is threadedly connected with the clamping plate, the screw is inserted into the U-shaped frame, the top of the screw is in contact with the U-shaped pipe, the screw is rotated, and the U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are fixed by being attached.

10. A high viscosity heavy oil burner atomizing nozzle and design method as claimed in claim 9 wherein, The U-shaped pipe and the V-shaped pipe are provided with step structures close to the clamping plate, so that the clamping plate and the U-shaped frame are clamped.

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