Wastewater treatment device based on hydrodynamic cavitation technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a wastewater treatment device based on a hydrodynamic cavitation technology, and relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment.The wastewater treatment device comprises a pretreatment assembly, a booster pump, a cavitation generation device and a control system.The pretreatment assembly comprises a grating, a sedimentation tank and a pH adjusting tank which are sequentially connected, and an outlet of the booster pump is connected with an inlet section of the cavitation generation device; wastewater is treated by the pretreatment assembly and then enters the cavitation generation device through the booster pump. The automatic stirring device in the sedimentation tank is composed of the stirring paddle with the adjustable rotating speed and the driving motor, and the magnetic nano-particle feeding system automatically feeds magnetic nano-particles according to the wastewater flow and the suspended matter concentration. During working, the stirring paddle stirs wastewater, so that magnetic nanoparticles and suspended solids are in full contact and are adsorbed, and larger floccules are formed to accelerate precipitation. Compared with a traditional mode depending on natural sedimentation or adding of a chemical flocculant, the design not only accelerates the sedimentation speed, but also avoids introduction of new chemical substances, and reduces the risk of secondary pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in industrial and domestic wastewater discharge, the complex and diverse pollutants in wastewater, such as recalcitrant organic matter, heavy metal ions, and pathogenic microorganisms, pose severe challenges to treatment processes. In wastewater treatment, pretreatment is a crucial preliminary step, and its effectiveness directly impacts the efficiency and quality of subsequent treatment processes. However, existing pretreatment components have many drawbacks and are insufficient to meet the demands of efficient oxidation treatment.

[0003] Sedimentation tanks primarily rely on natural settling, which results in long settling times and low treatment efficiency for wastewater with high suspended solids concentrations and fine particles. While adding chemical flocculants can accelerate settling, it can easily introduce new chemical substances, causing secondary pollution. pH adjustment tanks, used to regulate wastewater pH, typically employ manual addition of acid and alkali reagents with simple stirring. This not only fails to precisely control pH but also struggles to adapt to rapid changes in wastewater quality, leading to a significant reduction in the efficiency of subsequent hydraulic cavitation treatment due to unstable water quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the pretreatment components of wastewater treatment devices to enhance both efficiency and quality. To this end, a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this application is to provide a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: it includes a pretreatment component, a booster pump, a cavitation generator, and a control system. The pretreatment component includes a screen, a sedimentation tank, and a pH adjustment tank connected in sequence. The outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet section of the cavitation generator. After being treated by the pretreatment component, the wastewater enters the cavitation generator through the booster pump. The control system is electrically connected to the pretreatment component and the booster pump. By adopting the above technical solution, it is clarified that the wastewater treatment device consists of a pretreatment component, a booster pump, a cavitation generator, and a control system, and the connection relationships of each component are described. A complete wastewater treatment process framework is constructed, and the control system realizes unified control of key equipment, ensuring that wastewater undergoes pretreatment, booster pumping, and cavitation treatment in sequence, guaranteeing the orderly progress of the wastewater treatment process and laying the foundation for efficient wastewater treatment.

[0006] Preferably, the grille adopts a detachable structure, the grille includes multiple parallel grille bars, the two ends of the grille bars are slidably connected to the grille frame through slide rails, the top of the grille frame is provided with quick-release buckles, which facilitates quick disassembly and cleaning of the intercepted impurities, and the lower end of the grille frame is fixedly connected to a filter tank, the filter tank is provided with a filter screen, the filter screen is made of stainless steel, and is used to intercept fine particles that pass through the grille. By adopting the above technical solution, the detachable bar screen, through the design of the bar, slide rail, quick-release buckle, filter tank and filter screen, can easily and quickly remove and clean the impurities on the bar screen when intercepting large particulate impurities in wastewater, avoiding the blockage of the bar screen due to the accumulation of impurities and affecting the flow of wastewater; the filter tank and filter screen further intercept fine particles, improve the preliminary filtration effect, reduce the load of subsequent treatment units, and improve the stability and efficiency of the pretreatment stage.

[0007] Preferably, the sedimentation tank is equipped with an automatic stirring device and a magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system. The automatic stirring device includes an adjustable stirring paddle and a drive motor. The magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system automatically dispenses magnetic nanoparticles according to the wastewater flow rate and suspended solids concentration. The magnetic nanoparticles can adsorb suspended solids in the wastewater and accelerate the sedimentation process under stirring. By adopting the above technical solutions, the automatic stirring device and magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system in the sedimentation tank have changed the traditional methods that rely on natural sedimentation or the addition of chemical flocculants. The magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system automatically dispenses particles according to the wastewater conditions, and, in conjunction with an adjustable-speed stirring paddle, allows the magnetic nanoparticles to fully adsorb suspended solids to form flocs, accelerating the sedimentation process, effectively removing suspended solids from the wastewater, improving sedimentation efficiency, and avoiding the introduction of new chemical substances that could cause secondary pollution.

[0008] Preferably, the pH adjustment tank is equipped with a pH sensor, an automatic dosing device, and a circulating mixing pipe; the pH sensor monitors the pH value of the wastewater in real time and transmits the data to the control system; the automatic dosing device accurately adds acid-base adjustment agents according to the instructions of the control system; and the circulating mixing pipe circulates the wastewater in the tank to ensure that the agents and wastewater are fully mixed. By adopting the above technical solution, the pH sensor, automatic dosing device, and circulating mixing pipeline in the pH adjustment tank achieve precise and automatic adjustment of the wastewater pH value. The pH sensor monitors and feeds back data in real time, and the control system instructs the automatic dosing device to accurately add reagents based on this data. The circulating mixing pipeline ensures that the reagents are fully mixed with the wastewater. Compared with the traditional method of manual dosing and simple stirring, this method can quickly adapt to different wastewater quality changes, accurately control the pH value, and provide stable water quality conditions for subsequent hydraulic cavitation treatment.

[0009] Preferably, the filtration tank, sedimentation tank, and pH adjustment tank are connected by a gradually changing flow guide pipe, on which a water pump is installed. The diameter of the gradually changing flow guide pipe gradually increases from the outlet of the filtration tank to the inlet of the pH adjustment tank, and the inner wall of the pipe is provided with a spiral flow guide groove. The water pump is used to adjust the flow rate and direction of the wastewater according to the instructions of the control system. When a malfunction of a treatment unit is detected or maintenance is required, the control system controls the water pump to change the water flow path or stop water delivery. The spiral flow guide groove is used to reduce the flow resistance of the wastewater and promote the uniform mixing of the wastewater and the added agents. By adopting the above technical solutions, the design of the gradual flow guiding pipes, water pumps, and spiral guide channels between the filtration tank, sedimentation tank, and pH adjustment tank optimizes the wastewater transmission process within the pretreatment components. The water pumps flexibly adjust flow rate and direction according to control system commands, changing the water flow path in case of treatment unit failure or maintenance. The gradual pipe diameter and spiral guide channels reduce wastewater flow resistance, promote uniform mixing of wastewater and reagents, improve the overall synergistic treatment capacity of the pretreatment components, and ensure stable wastewater transmission and treatment effectiveness.

[0010] Preferably, the control system is electrically connected to the quick-release buckle of the bar screen, the automatic stirring device of the sedimentation tank, the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system, the pH sensor of the pH adjustment tank, the automatic dosing device, and the water pump on the gradient flow guide pipe; the control system is used to receive data feedback from each component and send commands to control the opening and closing of the quick-release buckle, the rotation speed of the automatic stirring device, the amount of magnetic nanoparticles dispensed, the amount of acid and alkali reagents added, and the flow rate and direction adjustment of the water pump, so as to realize the automated closed-loop control of the pretreatment components; By adopting the above technical solution, the control system is electrically connected to each key component and achieves automated closed-loop control. It receives feedback data from each component in real time and precisely controls the operation of the quick-release buckle, automatic stirring device, magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system, etc. Compared with manual operation, it reduces human error and intervention, improves the stability and reliability of the treatment process, and dynamically adjusts the working status of each component according to the actual situation, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the entire wastewater treatment device and reducing labor costs.

[0011] Preferably, the sedimentation tank is provided with a conical sludge collection hopper at the bottom, and a sludge discharge pipe is connected below the conical sludge collection hopper. The sludge discharge pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic valve, which is controlled by a control system to periodically discharge the settled sludge. By adopting the above technical solution, the conical sludge collection hopper at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the sludge discharge pipe, and the solenoid valve facilitate the collection and periodic discharge of settled sludge. The conical sludge collection hopper allows the sludge to slide down and collect naturally, while the control system controls the opening of the solenoid valve to achieve orderly sludge discharge, preventing sludge accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the sedimentation tank and ensuring its continuous and stable operation.

[0012] Preferably, a water quality monitoring probe is installed at the outlet of the pH adjustment tank. The water quality monitoring probe is used to detect indicators such as pH and chemical oxygen demand of the pretreated wastewater and transmit the data to the control system. The control system determines whether the pretreatment process needs to be adjusted based on the data. The outlet of the water quality monitoring probe is connected to the inlet of the booster pump through a pipeline to ensure that the monitored wastewater can smoothly enter the booster pump for pressurization treatment and improve the continuity of the wastewater treatment process. By adopting the above technical solution, the water quality monitoring probe at the outlet of the pH adjustment tank detects the indicators of the pretreated wastewater and links with the control system to determine whether to adjust the pretreatment process based on the data. Its connection design with the booster pump ensures that the qualified wastewater smoothly enters the booster pump. This structure guarantees that the wastewater entering subsequent treatment stages meets the standards, improves the continuity of the wastewater treatment process and the overall treatment effect, and avoids reduced efficiency in subsequent treatments due to substandard water quality.

[0013] 2. Beneficial effects In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention provides a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology. An automatic stirring device within a sedimentation tank, consisting of an adjustable-speed stirring paddle and a drive motor, and a magnetic nanoparticle dosing system that automatically adds magnetic nanoparticles based on wastewater flow rate and suspended solids concentration, are used. During operation, the stirring paddle agitates the wastewater, ensuring the magnetic nanoparticles fully contact and adsorb the suspended solids, forming larger flocs that accelerate sedimentation. Compared to traditional methods relying on natural sedimentation or adding chemical flocculants, this design not only accelerates sedimentation but also avoids introducing new chemical substances, reducing the risk of secondary pollution. A pH sensor in a pH adjustment tank monitors the wastewater pH value in real time and transmits the data to the control system. An automatic dosing device precisely adds acid-base adjusting agents according to the control system's instructions. A circulating mixing pipe ensures the wastewater circulates within the tank, guaranteeing thorough mixing of the agents and wastewater. Compared to traditional methods of manual reagent addition and simple stirring, this device achieves precise automatic pH adjustment, quickly adapting to changes in wastewater quality, stabilizing wastewater pH, and providing favorable conditions for subsequent hydraulic cavitation treatment.

[0014] 2. This invention provides a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology. A detachable bar screen is slidably connected to a frame via slide rails at both ends of the screen bars. Combined with quick-release buckles at the top, the screen can be quickly disassembled and cleaned when it intercepts a large amount of impurities, preventing blockages that could affect wastewater flow and ensuring a smooth pretreatment process. A stainless steel filter screen is installed in the filter tank connected to the lower end of the screen frame. This screen traps fine particles that pass through the screen, further purifying the wastewater, reducing the load on subsequent treatment units, and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the pretreatment process. The diameter of the gradually increasing guide pipe between the filter tank, sedimentation tank, and pH adjustment tank gradually increases, with spiral guide channels on the inner wall, and a water pump is installed on the pipe. The water pump adjusts the wastewater flow rate and direction according to the control system commands. When a treatment unit malfunctions or requires maintenance, the water flow path can be changed or the water supply can be paused. The spiral guide channels reduce wastewater flow resistance and promote uniform mixing of wastewater and added chemicals, solving the problems of high wastewater flow resistance and uneven mixing in traditional connection methods, and improving the overall collaborative treatment capacity of the pretreatment components.

[0015] 3. This invention provides a wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology. The device is connected to a control system via a quick-release buckle for the screen, an automatic stirring device and magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system for the sedimentation tank, a pH sensor and automatic dosing device for the pH adjustment tank, and a water pump on a gradient flow guide pipe. The control system receives feedback data from each component and sends commands to control the operation of each component, such as controlling the opening and closing of the quick-release buckle, adjusting the speed of the automatic stirring device, and adjusting the amount of magnetic nanoparticles dispensed. This achieves automated closed-loop control of the pretreatment components, reducing manual intervention, improving the stability and reliability of the treatment process, and lowering labor costs. A conical sludge collection hopper at the bottom of the sedimentation tank collects settled sludge, and a sludge discharge pipe connected below it is equipped with an electromagnetic valve, controlled by the control system to periodically discharge sludge. This design makes sludge discharge more convenient and orderly, preventing sludge accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the sedimentation tank. A water quality monitoring probe at the outlet of the pH adjustment tank detects indicators such as pH and chemical oxygen demand of the pretreated wastewater and transmits the data to the control system. The control system then determines whether to adjust the pretreatment process based on the data. The outlet of the water quality monitoring probe is connected to the inlet of the booster pump through a pipeline to ensure that the monitored wastewater can smoothly enter the booster pump for pressurization and treatment, thus ensuring the continuity of the wastewater treatment process and improving the overall treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section of the filter tank of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the present invention, viewed from the front cross-section. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section of the pH adjustment tank of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gradient flow guide pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 This describes the linkage workflow of the pH adjustment tank circulation mixing and control system of the present invention.

[0017] The components include: 1. Pretreatment components; 101. Bar screen; 102. Sedimentation tank; 103. pH adjustment tank; 2. Booster pump; 3. Cavitation generator; 4. Control system; 5. Quick-release buckle; 6. Filter tank; 7. Filter screen; 8. Automatic stirring device; 9. Magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system; 10. pH sensor; 11. Automatic dosing device; 12. Circulating mixing pipeline; 13. Gradient flow guide pipeline; 14. Water pump; 15. Spiral flow guide channel; 16. Conical sludge collection hopper; 17. Sludge discharge pipeline; 18. Electromagnetic valve; 19. Water quality monitoring probe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0019] Example 1: A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 The wastewater treatment device comprises a pretreatment component 1, a booster pump 2, a cavitation generator 3, and a control system 4. The pretreatment component 1 includes a screen 101, a sedimentation tank 102, and a pH adjustment tank 103 connected in sequence. The outlet of the booster pump 2 is connected to the inlet section of the cavitation generator 3. Wastewater treated by the pretreatment component 1 enters the cavitation generator 3 via the booster pump 2. The control system 4 is electrically connected to the pretreatment component 1 and the booster pump 2. This clearly defines the wastewater treatment device as consisting of the pretreatment component 1, the booster pump 2, the cavitation generator 3, and the control system 4, and describes the connections between these components. A complete wastewater treatment process framework is constructed. The control system 4 enables unified control of key equipment, ensuring that the wastewater undergoes pretreatment, boosting, and cavitation treatment sequentially, guaranteeing the orderly progress of the wastewater treatment process and laying the foundation for efficient wastewater treatment.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The bar screen 101 has a detachable structure and includes multiple parallel bars. The ends of the bars are slidably connected to the frame of the bar screen 101 via slide rails. The top of the frame of the bar screen 101 has quick-release buckles 5 for easy disassembly and cleaning of intercepted impurities. A filter tank 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame of the bar screen 101. The filter tank 6 contains a filter screen 7 made of stainless steel, used to trap fine particles that pass through the bar screen 101. The sedimentation tank 102 is equipped with an automatic stirring device 8 and a magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9. The automatic stirring device 8 includes an adjustable-speed stirring paddle and a drive motor. The magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9 automatically dispenses magnetic nanoparticles according to the wastewater flow rate and suspended solids concentration. Magnetic nanoparticles adsorb suspended solids in wastewater, accelerating the sedimentation process under stirring. The detachable screen 101, with its design of bars, sliding rails, quick-release clips 5, filter tank 6, and filter screen 7, allows for easy and quick removal and cleaning of impurities on the bars when intercepting large particles in the wastewater, preventing blockage of the screen 101 due to impurity accumulation and ensuring smooth wastewater flow. The filter tank 6 and filter screen 7 further trap fine particles, improving the initial filtration effect, reducing the load on subsequent treatment units, and enhancing the stability and efficiency of the pretreatment stage. The automatic stirring device 8 and magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9 within the sedimentation tank 102 replace traditional methods relying on natural sedimentation or the addition of chemical flocculants. The magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9 automatically dispenses particles according to the wastewater conditions, working in conjunction with an adjustable-speed stirring paddle to ensure the magnetic nanoparticles fully adsorb suspended solids, forming flocs, accelerating the sedimentation process, effectively removing suspended solids from the wastewater, improving sedimentation efficiency, and avoiding the introduction of new chemical substances that could cause secondary pollution.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The pH adjustment tank 103 is equipped with a pH sensor 10, an automatic dosing device 11, and a circulating mixing pipe 12. The pH sensor 10 monitors the pH value of the wastewater in real time and transmits the data to the control system 4. The automatic dosing device 11 accurately adds acid-base adjusting agents according to the instructions of the control system 4. The circulating mixing pipe 12 circulates the wastewater within the tank to ensure thorough mixing of the agents and wastewater. The filter tank 6, sedimentation tank 102, and pH adjustment tank 103 are connected by a gradient flow guide pipe 13, on which a water pump 14 is installed. The flow path gradually widens from the outlet of the filter tank 6 to the inlet of the pH adjustment tank 103, and the inner wall of the pipe is provided with a spiral guide channel 15. The water pump 14 is used to adjust the flow rate and direction of the wastewater according to the instructions of the control system 4. When a fault is detected in a treatment unit or maintenance is required, the control system 4 controls the water pump 14 to change the water flow path or stop water supply. The spiral guide channel 15 is used to reduce the flow resistance of the wastewater and promote the uniform mixing of wastewater and added agents. The pH sensor 10, automatic dosing device 11 and circulating mixing pipe 12 in the pH adjustment tank 103 realize the precise automatic adjustment of the pH value of the wastewater. pH sensor 10 monitors and feeds back data in real time. Control system 4, based on this data, automatically adds chemicals via dosing device 11. Circulating mixing pipe 12 ensures thorough mixing of chemicals and wastewater. Compared to traditional manual dosing and simple stirring, this method can quickly adapt to changes in wastewater quality and precisely control pH, providing stable water quality conditions for subsequent hydraulic cavitation treatment. The design of the gradient-diameter guide pipe 13, water pump 14, and spiral guide channel 15 between filter tank 6, sedimentation tank 102, and pH adjustment tank 103 optimizes the wastewater transmission process within the pretreatment component 1. Water pump 14 flexibly adjusts flow rate and direction according to control system 4, changing the water flow path in case of treatment unit failure or maintenance. The gradient pipe diameter and spiral guide channel 15 reduce wastewater flow resistance, promote uniform mixing of wastewater and chemicals, improve the overall synergistic treatment capacity of the pretreatment component 1, and ensure stable wastewater transmission and treatment effectiveness.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7The control system 4 is electrically connected to the quick-release buckle 5 of the bar screen 101, the automatic stirring device 8 of the sedimentation tank 102, the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9, the pH sensor 10 of the pH adjustment tank 103, the automatic dosing device 11, and the water pump 14 on the gradient flow guide pipe 13. The control system 4 is used to receive data feedback from each component and send commands to control the opening and closing of the quick-release buckle 5, the rotation speed of the automatic stirring device 8, the amount of magnetic nanoparticles dispensed, the amount of acid and alkali reagents added, and the flow rate and direction adjustment of the water pump 14, so as to realize the automated closed-loop control of the pretreatment component 1. The bottom of the sedimentation tank 102 is provided with a conical sludge hopper 16, and the sludge discharge pipe 17 is connected below the conical sludge hopper 16. The sludge discharge pipe 17 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 18, which is controlled by the control system 4 to periodically discharge the settled sludge. The control system 4 is electrically connected to each key component and realizes automated closed-loop control, receives data feedback from each component in real time, and accurately controls the operation of the quick-release buckle 5, the automatic stirring device 8, the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9, etc. Compared to manual operation, this reduces human error and intervention, improving the stability and reliability of the treatment process. Simultaneously, it dynamically adjusts the working status of each component based on actual conditions, enhancing the overall operating efficiency of the wastewater treatment device and reducing labor costs. The conical sludge collection hopper 16, sludge discharge pipe 17, and solenoid valve 18 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 102 facilitate the collection and periodic discharge of settled sludge. The conical sludge collection hopper 16 allows sludge to naturally slide and collect, while the control system 4 controls the opening of the solenoid valve 18 to achieve orderly sludge discharge, preventing sludge accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the sedimentation tank 102 and ensuring its continuous and stable operation.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A water quality monitoring probe 19 is installed at the outlet of pH adjustment tank 103. This probe detects indicators such as pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the pretreated wastewater and transmits the data to control system 4. Control system 4 determines whether adjustments to the pretreatment process are needed based on the data. The outlet of the water quality monitoring probe 19 is connected to the inlet of booster pump 2 via a pipe, ensuring that the monitored wastewater smoothly enters booster pump 2 for pressurization, thus improving the continuity of the wastewater treatment process. The water quality monitoring probe 19 at the outlet of pH adjustment tank 103 detects indicators in the pretreated wastewater and is linked to control system 4 to determine whether to adjust the pretreatment process based on the data. Its connection to booster pump 2 ensures that qualified wastewater smoothly enters booster pump 2. This structure ensures that the wastewater entering subsequent treatment stages meets standards, improves the continuity of the wastewater treatment process and the overall treatment effect, and avoids reduced efficiency in subsequent treatments due to substandard water quality.

[0024] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Wastewater first flows into the pretreatment component 1. When passing through the screen 101, multiple parallel screen bars intercept larger impurities in the wastewater. When the screen bars intercept a large number of impurities, the quick-release buckle 5 at the top of the frame is opened, and the screen bars are pulled out using the slide rail between the screen bars and the frame to quickly clean the impurities. Fine particles that pass through the screen bars enter the filter tank 6 connected below and are intercepted by the stainless steel filter screen 7 in the tank, completing the preliminary filtration and preventing large particles from clogging the subsequent treatment units. The wastewater that has passed the preliminary filtration enters the sedimentation tank 102. The drive motor of the automatic stirring device 8 drives the stirring paddle to rotate, and at the same time, the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9 automatically dispenses magnetic nanoparticles according to the wastewater flow rate and suspended solids concentration. The stirring paddle agitates the wastewater, allowing the magnetic nanoparticles to fully contact the suspended solids. The particles adsorb the suspended solids to form larger flocs, accelerating the sedimentation process and removing suspended solids from the wastewater. After settling, the sludge slides down to the conical sludge collection hopper 16 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 102 under gravity. The settled wastewater flows into the pH adjustment tank 103. The pH sensor 10 monitors the pH value of the wastewater in real time and transmits the data to the control system 4. The control system 4 sends instructions to the automatic dosing device 11 according to the set pH range to precisely add acid-base adjustment agents. At the same time, the circulating mixing pipe 12 keeps the wastewater circulating in the tank, ensuring that the agents and wastewater are fully mixed and adjusting the pH of the wastewater to a range suitable for subsequent treatment. The filter tank 6, sedimentation tank 102, and pH adjustment tank 103 are connected by a gradual flow guide pipe 13. The water pump 14 on the pipe adjusts the flow rate and direction of the wastewater according to the instructions of the control system 4. When a treatment unit malfunctions or needs maintenance, the control system 4 controls the water pump 14 to change the water flow path or stop water supply. The diameter of the gradually increasing guide pipe 13 gradually increases, and the spiral guide groove 15 on the inner wall reduces the flow resistance of the wastewater, promoting further uniform mixing of the wastewater and added agents during the transmission process. After pretreatment, the wastewater flows out from the water quality monitoring probe 19 at the outlet of the pH adjustment tank 103. The water quality monitoring probe 19 detects indicators such as acidity / alkalinity and chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater and transmits the data to the control system 4. The control system 4 determines whether the pretreatment process needs to be adjusted based on the data. After confirming that the standards are met, the wastewater enters the booster pump 2 through the pipeline. The booster pump 2 pressurizes the wastewater and delivers it to the cavitation generator 3, where hydraulic cavitation technology is used for deep treatment of the wastewater. The control system 4 is electrically connected to each device in the pretreatment component 1 and receives data from each component in real time.Based on this data, the control system 4 sends commands to control the opening and closing of the quick-release buckle 5, the rotation speed of the automatic stirring device 8, the dosage of the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system 9, the dosage of the automatic dosing device 11, and the flow rate and direction adjustment of the water pump 14, thereby realizing the automated closed-loop control of the pretreatment component 1 and ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the entire wastewater treatment process; when the sludge in the conical sludge collection hopper 16 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 102 reaches a certain amount, the control system 4 controls the opening of the solenoid valve 18 on the sludge discharge pipe 17 to periodically discharge the sludge and ensure the normal operation of the sedimentation tank 102.

[0025] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology, comprising a pretreatment component (1), a booster pump (2), a cavitation generator (3), and a control system (4), characterized in that: The pretreatment component (1) includes a screen (101), a sedimentation tank (102) and a pH adjustment tank (103) connected in sequence. The outlet of the booster pump (2) is connected to the inlet section of the cavitation generator (3). After being treated by the pretreatment component (1), the wastewater enters the cavitation generator (3) through the booster pump (2). The control system (4) is electrically connected to the pretreatment component (1) and the booster pump (2).

2. The wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid (101) adopts a detachable structure. The grid (101) includes multiple parallel grid bars. The two ends of the grid bars are slidably connected to the grid (101) frame through slide rails. The top of the grid (101) frame is provided with a quick-release buckle (5) to facilitate quick disassembly and cleaning of intercepted impurities. The lower end of the grid (101) frame is fixedly connected to a filter pool (6). The filter pool (6) is provided with a filter screen (7). The filter screen (7) is made of stainless steel and is used to intercept fine particles that pass through the grid (101).

3. The wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (102) is equipped with an automatic stirring device (8) and a magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system (9). The automatic stirring device (8) includes an adjustable stirring paddle and a drive motor. The magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system (9) automatically dispenses magnetic nanoparticles according to the wastewater flow rate and suspended solids concentration. The magnetic nanoparticles can adsorb suspended solids in the wastewater and accelerate the sedimentation process under stirring.

4. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pH adjustment tank (103) is equipped with a pH sensor (10), an automatic dosing device (11), and a circulating mixing pipe (12). The pH sensor (10) monitors the pH value of the wastewater in real time and transmits the data to the control system (4). The automatic dosing device (11) accurately adds acid-base adjustment agents according to the instructions of the control system (4). The circulating mixing pipe (12) makes the wastewater circulate in the tank to ensure that the agents and wastewater are fully mixed.

5. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter tank (6), sedimentation tank (102) and pH adjustment tank (103) are connected by a gradient flow guide pipe (13), and a water pump (14) is installed on the gradient flow guide pipe (13). The diameter of the gradient flow guide pipe (13) gradually increases from the outlet of the filter tank (6) to the inlet of the pH adjustment tank (103), and a spiral flow guide groove (15) is provided on the inner wall of the pipe. The water pump (14) is used to adjust the flow rate and direction of the wastewater according to the instructions of the control system (4). When a fault is detected in a treatment unit or maintenance is required, the control system (4) controls the water pump (14) to change the water flow path or suspend water supply. The spiral flow guide groove (15) is used to reduce the flow resistance of the wastewater and promote the uniform mixing of wastewater and added agents.

6. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control system (4) is electrically connected to the quick-release buckle (5) of the bar screen (101), the automatic stirring device (8) of the sedimentation tank (102), the magnetic nanoparticle dispensing system (9), the pH sensor (10) of the pH adjustment tank (103), the automatic dosing device (11), and the water pump (14) on the gradient flow guide pipe (13). The control system (4) is used to receive the data fed back by each component and send instructions to control the opening and closing of the quick-release buckle (5), the rotation speed of the automatic stirring device (8), the amount of magnetic nanoparticles dispensed, the amount of acid and alkali reagents added, and the flow rate and direction adjustment of the water pump (14), so as to realize the automatic closed-loop control of the pretreatment component (1).

7. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (102) is equipped with a conical sludge collection hopper (16) at the bottom. A sludge discharge pipe (17) is connected below the conical sludge collection hopper (16). An electromagnetic valve (18) is provided on the sludge discharge pipe (17). The electromagnetic valve (18) is controlled by the control system (4) to periodically discharge the settled sludge.

8. A wastewater treatment device based on hydraulic cavitation technology according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The pH adjustment tank (103) is equipped with a water quality monitoring probe (19) at its outlet. The water quality monitoring probe (19) is used to detect the pH, chemical oxygen demand and other indicators of the pretreated wastewater and transmit the data to the control system (4). The control system (4) determines whether the pretreatment process needs to be adjusted based on the data. The outlet of the water quality monitoring probe (19) is connected to the inlet of the booster pump (2) through a pipeline to ensure that the monitored wastewater can smoothly enter the booster pump (2) for pressurization and improve the continuity of the wastewater treatment process.

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