Hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system and method for high-pressure hydrogen conveying pipeline station

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen conveying and detection, and provides a hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system and method for a high-pressure hydrogen conveying pipeline station, and the system comprises a hydrogen conveying pipeline, a fixed stand column, an infrared thermal imager, a microphone array module, a visible light camera, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a data processing and display unit. According to the system disclosed by the invention, the thermal infrared imager, the microphone array module, the visible light camera, the hydrogen concentration sensor and other equipment are arranged around the hydrogen conveying pipeline, so that the leakage condition of hydrogen can be obtained from multiple angles such as infrared rays, sound wave distribution, on-site pictures, hydrogen concentration and the like; a specific hydrogen leakage point is obtained, and the hydrogen leakage scale is determined; according to the method, the specific position of the leakage point is determined through the three-point positioning technology, the specific position of hydrogen leakage of the high-pressure hydrogen conveying pipeline station is accurately positioned, and the problem that positioning is not accurate due to influences of shielding objects, the external environment and the like is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen delivery and detection, and particularly relates to a high-pressure hydrogen delivery pipeline station hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the transformation of global energy structure, hydrogen energy as a clean energy, its proportion in the energy market is increasing. The high-pressure hydrogen delivery pipeline station as an important link connecting hydrogen production and consumption, ensuring its safe and stable operation is the premise of realizing large-scale application of hydrogen energy. However, the physical properties of hydrogen determine that there is a leakage risk in the delivery process. How to effectively, quickly and accurately detect and locate the hydrogen leakage point has become a technical problem to be solved.

[0003] The traditional hydrogen leakage detection technology mainly includes chemical sensor detection, acoustic wave detection, infrared thermal imaging technology, etc. The chemical sensor detects the concentration of hydrogen in the air to determine whether leakage occurs. This method is simple and easy to operate, but due to the extremely fast diffusion speed of hydrogen in the air, the positioning ability of the sensor to the leakage point is weak. The acoustic wave detection technology realizes leakage detection by monitoring the specific frequency sound wave generated when hydrogen leaks. Although this method can realize the positioning of the leakage point to a certain extent, its accuracy and reliability are greatly reduced in complex environmental noise. The infrared thermal imaging technology detects the local temperature change caused by hydrogen leakage. This technology has strong adaptability to environmental changes, but the detection effect is poor when the line of sight is blocked or the concentration of the leaked gas is low.

[0004] The above-mentioned traditional technologies each have their advantages and limitations. A single technology cannot meet the demand of efficient, fast and accurate positioning of hydrogen leakage points. In addition, existing technologies often face problems such as high equipment cost and complex maintenance in actual application. Therefore, a new type of hydrogen leakage detection and positioning technology and method is urgently needed, which can comprehensively utilize multiple sensing means to improve the accuracy and efficiency of leakage detection, and has the characteristics of high cost-effectiveness and easy maintenance. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve at least one problem in the background art, the present application proposes a high-pressure hydrogen delivery pipeline station hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system and method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-pressure hydrogen delivery pipeline station hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system, comprising:

[0008] A hydrogen delivery pipeline for delivering hydrogen;

[0009] A plurality of fixed columns installed on the side of the hydrogen delivery pipeline;

[0010] An infrared thermal imager is installed on at least one of the fixed columns, and is used to detect first position data of the hydrogen leakage;

[0011] A microphone array module is installed on at least one of the fixed columns, and is used to detect second position data of the hydrogen leakage;

[0012] A visible light camera is installed on at least one of the fixed columns, and is used to detect third position data of the hydrogen leakage;

[0013] A hydrogen concentration sensor is installed on at least one of the fixed columns, and is used to detect the concentration of the leaked hydrogen;

[0014] A data processing and display unit is in communication connection with the infrared thermal imager, the microphone array module, the visible light camera, and the hydrogen concentration sensor, respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the hydrogen concentration sensor is provided with a plurality of sensors installed at different heights of the same fixed column, for detecting the hydrogen leakage concentration at different heights.

[0016] A hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning method for a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, for the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] Extracting an abnormal temperature point by the infrared thermal imager, determining a potential leakage area, and obtaining first position data of a leakage point;

[0018] Capturing a sound signal generated by hydrogen leakage by the microphone array module, calculating a leakage point position by using a sound source positioning algorithm, and obtaining second position data of a leakage point;

[0019] Providing a real-time image of a potential leakage point by the visible light camera in conjunction with the infrared thermal imager and the microphone array module, and obtaining third position data of a leakage point by using a data fusion technology;

[0020] Judging whether hydrogen leakage occurs by the hydrogen concentration sensor, and evaluating a leakage scale;

[0021] Further positioning a hydrogen leakage position and a leakage scale by combining the position data of the three leakage points with the hydrogen concentration sensor.

[0022] Preferably, the first position data of the leakage point is obtained by extracting an abnormal temperature point by the infrared thermal imager, determining a potential leakage area, and comprising the following steps:

[0023] Capturing infrared radiation energy intensity data of the hydrogen pipeline station by the infrared thermal imager, and converting the infrared radiation energy intensity data into temperature readings;

[0024] Based on the temperature reading, analyze the temperature anomaly points to obtain potential leakage areas;

[0025] Based on the potential leakage areas, identify and mark the abnormal temperature points to form a first infrared cloud map and first leakage point position data.

[0026] Preferably, the infrared radiation energy satisfies the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, M(λ, T) is the radiation intensity at wavelength λ and temperature T, with the unit of W / m 2·sr·μm ; h is the Planck constant, with a value of 6.626×10 -34 J·s; c is the speed of light, with a value of 3.0×10 8 m / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, with a value of 1.381×10 -23 J / K; T is the absolute temperature of the black body, with the unit of K; λ is the wavelength of radiation, with the unit of m;

[0029] The temperature data in the temperature distribution map satisfies the following formula:

[0030] T′=f(M,ε,T amb ,T obj ,C);

[0031] In the formula, T′ is the actual temperature of the target object surface; M is the radiation intensity detected by the infrared thermal imager; ε is the emissivity of the target object, with a value range of 0 to 1; T amb is the environmental temperature; T obj is the object surface temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager; and C is the infrared thermal imager correction parameter.

[0032] Preferably, the sound signals generated by the hydrogen leakage are captured by the microphone array module, and the sound source positioning algorithm is used to calculate the leakage point position to obtain second leakage point position data, including the following steps:

[0033] The sound wave signals emitted by the leakage points of the hydrogen conveying pipeline are scanned and data are collected by the microphone array module to form a microphone array beam;

[0034] Based on the microphone array beam, the signal in the direction of the leakage point is enhanced to obtain the sound source position of the hydrogen leakage as the second leakage point position data.

[0035] Preferably, the microphone array beam satisfies the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] where Y(f, θ) is the output of the beamformer at frequency f and direction θ; W θ (f) is the weight of the nth microphone; X n (f) is the input signal of the nth microphone at frequency f; is the effect on the signal phase considering the sound source direction θ and the microphone spacing d n ; c is the sound speed, used to calculate the phase difference corresponding to the time difference from the sound source to the microphone; N is the number of microphones; d n is the distance of the nth microphone relative to the reference point; j is the imaginary unit, used to express the phase difference.

[0038] Preferably, whether hydrogen leakage occurs and the scale of the leakage are judged by the hydrogen concentration sensor, including the following steps:

[0039] Obtaining the hydrogen concentration at the initial leakage and the environmental base hydrogen concentration;

[0040] Obtaining the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen;

[0041] Calculating the current hydrogen concentration based on the initial hydrogen concentration at the leakage and the diffusion coefficient;

[0042] If the current hydrogen concentration is greater than the initial hydrogen concentration at the leakage, it means that hydrogen leakage occurs, otherwise, it means that hydrogen leakage does not occur.

[0043] Preferably, the current hydrogen concentration satisfies the following formula:

[0044] C(t) = C0e -kt + C 环境 ;

[0045] where C(t) represents the hydrogen concentration at time t, C0is the hydrogen concentration at the initial leakage, k is the hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and C 环境 is the environmental base hydrogen concentration.

[0046] Preferably, the hydrogen leakage position and the scale of the leakage are further located by the coordinates of three leakage points in combination with the hydrogen concentration sensor, including the following steps:

[0047] Determining the target position of the hydrogen leakage based on the three-point positioning technology;

[0048] Determining the hydrogen concentration of the target position based on the hydrogen concentration sensor;

[0049] Determining the scale of the leakage based on the hydrogen concentration of the target position.

[0050] Preferably, the target position satisfies the following formula:

[0051] R(x, y) = A m×n (x, y)Bn×r (x,y)C r×m (x,y);

[0052] In the formula, R(x,y) is the specific position of the leakage point, x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the leakage point; A m×n (x,y) is the position data of the first leakage point; B n×r (x,y) is the position data of the second leakage point; C r×m (x,y) is the position data of the third leakage point.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0054] 1. The system of the present application can obtain the leakage situation of hydrogen through multiple angles such as infrared rays, sound wave distribution, on-site pictures and hydrogen concentration, and then obtain the specific hydrogen leakage point and determine the hydrogen leakage scale, by installing infrared thermal imager, microphone array module, visible light camera and hydrogen concentration sensor and other equipment around the hydrogen pipeline.

[0055] 2. The method of the present application determines the specific position of the leakage point by using three-point positioning technology, and combines the position data of A m×n (x,y), B n×r (x,y), C r×m (x,y) to accurately position the specific position R(x,y) of the hydrogen leakage of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, and solve the problem of inaccurate positioning caused by obstructions, external environment and the like;

[0056] 3. The present application utilizes the fusion application of multiple sensing technologies, has the characteristics of large detection range, high measurement accuracy, fast system response, low false alarm probability and no need for prior calibration, can not only quickly and accurately locate the leakage point, but also evaluate the leakage scale and avoid obstacles;

[0057] 4. The present application monitors the hydrogen leakage in the entire high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station range, discovers the hydrogen leakage event in time and alarms in time, accurately detects the position of the leakage event and reports the geographic information to the monitoring platform;

[0058] 5. The implementation of the system greatly improves the efficiency of centralized monitoring, greatly reduces the human and material resources required for hydrogen leakage monitoring, greatly improves the exploration ability of the specific leakage point of the hydrogen leakage accident of the hydrogen pipeline station, realizes the comprehensive safety evaluation of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, and provides technical support for the safe use of hydrogen energy.

[0059] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the specification, and in part will become apparent from the specification, or will be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0061] Figure 1 The structure diagram of a hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system of a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station of the present application is shown.

[0062] Figure 2 The flow chart of a hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning method of a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station of the present application is shown.

[0063] In the figure: 1, hydrogen pipeline; 2, fixed column; 3, infrared thermal imager; 4, microphone array module; 5, visible light camera; 6, hydrogen concentration sensor; 7, data processing and display unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0065] A hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system of a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, comprising: a hydrogen pipeline 1, a fixed column 2, an infrared thermal imager 3, a microphone array module 4, a visible light camera 5, a hydrogen concentration sensor 6 and a data processing and display unit 7.

[0066] The hydrogen pipeline 1 can transport hydrogen. A plurality of fixed columns 2 are installed around the hydrogen pipeline 1, at least one of the fixed columns 2 is provided with an infrared thermal imager 3 for detecting first position data of hydrogen leakage; at least one of the fixed columns 2 is provided with a microphone array module 4 for detecting second position data of hydrogen leakage; at least one of the fixed columns 2 is provided with a visible light camera 5 for detecting third position data of hydrogen leakage; at least one of the fixed columns 2 is provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor 6 for detecting the concentration of leaked hydrogen. A data processing and display unit 7 is in communication connection with the infrared thermal imager 3, the microphone array module 4, the visible light camera 5 and the hydrogen concentration sensor 6, which can collect and receive data of each device module and perform analysis and display.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 , it is the layout of the positioning system, wherein one fixed column 2 is installed at each corner of the hydrogen pipeline 1. The top of the first fixed column 2 is provided with an infrared thermal imager 3, the top of the second fixed column 2 is provided with a microphone array module 4, the top of the third fixed column 2 is provided with a visible light camera 5, and the top, middle and bottom of the last fixed column 2 are provided with hydrogen concentration sensors 6. The data processing and display unit 7 is in electrical connection with the infrared thermal imager 3, the microphone array module 4, the visible light camera 5 and the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 for information exchange.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2 , it is a hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning method for a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, which is used for Figure 1 a hydrogen leakage monitoring and positioning system for a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1: Extracting abnormal temperature points by the infrared thermal imager 3 to determine the potential leakage area and obtain the position data of the first leakage point. S2: Capturing the sound signal generated by hydrogen leakage by the microphone array module 4, and calculating the leakage point position by using the sound source positioning algorithm to obtain the position data of the second leakage point. S3: The visible light camera 5 assists the infrared thermal imager 3 and the microphone array module 4 to provide real-time images of the potential leakage point, and the data fusion technology is used to obtain the position data of the third leakage point. S4: Judging whether hydrogen leakage occurs by the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 to evaluate the leakage scale. S5: Further positioning the hydrogen leakage position and the leakage scale by combining the position data of the three leakage points with the hydrogen concentration sensor 6.

[0070] Specifically, in S1, the following steps are included:

[0071] S101: Capture the infrared radiation energy intensity data of the hydrogen pipeline 1 station by the infrared thermal imager 3, and convert the infrared radiation energy intensity data into temperature readings; S102: Analyze the temperature anomaly points based on the temperature readings to obtain potential leakage areas; S103: Identify and mark the abnormal temperature points based on the potential leakage areas to form the first infrared cloud picture and the first leakage point position data.

[0072] Wherein, the infrared radiation energy satisfies the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, M(λ, T) is the radiation intensity at wavelength λ and temperature T, with the unit of W / m 2sr·μm ; h is the Planck constant, with the value of 6.626×10 -34 J·s; c is the speed of light, with the value of 3.0×10 8 m / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, with the value of 1.381×10 -23 J / K; T is the absolute temperature of the black body, with the unit of K; λ is the wavelength of radiation, with the unit of m;

[0075] The temperature readings satisfy the following formula:

[0076] T′=f(M,ε,T amb ,T obj ,C); (2)

[0077] In the formula, T′ is the actual temperature of the target object surface; M is the radiation intensity detected by the infrared thermal imager 3; ε is the emissivity of the target object, with the value ranging from 0 to 1; T amb is the ambient temperature; T obj is the object surface temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager 3; C is the correction parameter of the infrared thermal imager 3, including the device-specific correction coefficient and the environmental correction coefficient.

[0078] It should be noted that the infrared thermal imager 3 monitors and scans the first view angle first field of view area when working, fully covering the hydrogen pipeline 1 to ensure no dead angle monitoring. The temperature distribution map is formed by capturing the difference of the infrared radiation intensity of the hydrogen pipeline 1 station, the abnormal temperature points in the temperature distribution map are analyzed to preliminarily identify the potential leakage area, and then the advanced image processing technology such as edge detection and pattern recognition algorithm is used to automatically analyze the temperature distribution map, identify and mark the abnormal temperature area, and finally form the first infrared cloud picture and the first leakage position data.

[0079] It needs to be further explained that the potential leakage area can be trained according to the convolutional neural network in the deep learning model, and the characteristics of the temperature distribution are automatically learned from the training data, so as to identify the hydrogen leakage area and obtain the first leakage position data.

[0080] Specifically, the following steps are included in S2:

[0081] S201: Scanning and data acquisition of the sound wave signal emitted by the leakage point of the hydrogen conveying pipeline (1) through the microphone array module (4), forming a microphone array beam; S202: Based on the microphone array beam, the signal in the direction of the leakage point is enhanced, and the sound source position of the hydrogen leakage is obtained as the position data of the second leakage point.

[0082] Wherein, the microphone array beam satisfies the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, Y(f, θ) is the output of the beamformer at frequency f and direction θ; W θ (f) is the weight of the nth microphone, including phase and amplitude adjustment, which is the key part of the beamforming algorithm calculation, used to control how the signals of different microphones are combined; X n (f) is the input signal of the nth microphone at frequency f; is the consideration of the sound source direction θ and the microphone spacing d n The influence on the signal phase; c is the sound speed, used to calculate the phase difference corresponding to the time difference from the sound source to the microphone; N is the number of microphones; d n is the distance of the nth microphone relative to the reference point (usually the center of the array or the first microphone); j is the imaginary unit, used to express the phase difference.

[0085] Wherein, the position of the sound source can be calculated according to the time difference or phase difference of the sound wave signal by using the time difference positioning method, so as to obtain the second leakage point position data B n×r (x,y), the time difference positioning method can be determined according to the following way:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, Δt ij is the time difference of the sound wave arriving at microphone i and microphone j; N is the array composed of microphones, i,j∈N; (x i ,y i ,z i ) is the position of each microphone, (x s ,y s ,z s) is the sound source position, c is the propagation speed of sound waves in the air emitted by the leakage source.

[0088] It should be noted that in S202, the phases and amplitudes of the individual microphone signals can be adjusted to enhance the signal in a certain direction while suppressing interference and noise in other directions, thereby locating the sound source position generated by the hydrogen leakage.

[0089] It should be further noted that the microphone (Mic) array module 4 is installed through the fixed stand 2, monitors the area corresponding to the second position, forms a sound wave detection network, and ensures that sound wave signals from all directions can be captured. The microphone array module 4 captures the sound wave signals generated when hydrogen leaks, uses sound source positioning techniques such as beamforming and time difference positioning algorithms to analyze the sound wave signals, then pre-processes the sound wave data, uses sound source positioning algorithms for analysis, combines the characteristics of sound wave propagation, calculates the position of the leakage point, and finally obtains sound wave distribution data and second leakage point position data.

[0090] Specifically, in S3, the image data captured by the visible light camera 5 is combined with the temperature distribution map data captured by the infrared thermal imager 3 and the sound wave signal data captured by the microphone array module 4 to achieve accurate positioning of the hydrogen leakage point through data fusion technology, i.e., third leakage point position data.

[0091] It should be noted that the data fusion technology includes image processing algorithms and sound positioning algorithms for analyzing and processing visible light image data and sound wave data to determine the precise position of the hydrogen leakage; image processing algorithms can perform target detection, image segmentation, and feature matching to identify potential leakage areas from visible light images and compare them with abnormal temperature areas in the infrared thermal image.

[0092] It should be further noted that the visible light camera 5 monitors the area corresponding to the third position, and the visible light camera 5 provides real-time video monitoring of the hydrogen pipeline 1 station, assisting the infrared thermal imager 3 and the microphone array module 4 in leakage positioning. After the infrared thermal imager 3 or the microphone array module 4 discovers a potential leakage point, the visible light camera 5 provides real-time images to help determine the leakage situation and take emergency measures, and then the system integrates the infrared thermal image, sound wave signal, and visible light image through data fusion technology, uses algorithmic comprehensive analysis to improve the accuracy and reliability of leakage positioning.

[0093] Specifically, in S4, the following steps are included:

[0094] S401: Obtain the hydrogen concentration at the initial leakage and the environmental base hydrogen concentration; S402: Obtain the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen; S403: Calculate the current hydrogen concentration based on the initial leakage hydrogen concentration and the diffusion coefficient; S404: If the current hydrogen concentration is greater than the initial leakage hydrogen concentration, it means that hydrogen leakage occurs, otherwise, no hydrogen leakage occurs.

[0095] wherein the current hydrogen concentration satisfies the following formula:

[0096] C(t) = C0e -kt + k 环境 t

[0097] In the formula, C(t) represents the hydrogen concentration at time t, C0 is the hydrogen concentration at the initial leakage, k is the hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and C 环境 is the environmental base hydrogen concentration.

[0098] It should be noted that in S4, the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is further configured to combine the data of the infrared thermal imager 3, the microphone array module 4 and the visible light camera 5 to comprehensively determine the specific location and leakage scale of the hydrogen leakage. Moreover, the method for comprehensively determining the specific location of the hydrogen leakage includes using the data of the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 to reversely calculate the location of the leakage source, cross- verifying with the infrared thermal image data and the sound wave signal data to solve the influence of the external environment on the hydrogen leakage positioning.

[0099] It should be further noted that in Figure 1 , the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is installed at the upper, middle and lower positions of the fixed column 2, and the hydrogen concentration in the environment is monitored to determine whether leakage occurs and to evaluate the leakage scale. When the hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset threshold, the system automatically issues an alarm. The installation of sensors at different positions can solve the influence of external environmental factors such as wind speed and wind direction on hydrogen leakage positioning, and further confirm the location of the leakage point and the leakage scale in combination with the data of the other three monitoring devices.

[0100] Specifically, in S5, the following steps are included:

[0101] S501: Determine the target position of the hydrogen leakage based on the three-point positioning technology.

[0102] S502: Determine the hydrogen concentration of the target position based on the hydrogen concentration sensor 6.

[0103] S503: Determine the leakage scale based on the hydrogen concentration of the target position.

[0104] wherein the target position satisfies the following formula:

[0105] R(x, y) = A m×n (x, y)B n×r(x, y)C r×m (x, y);

[0106] In the formula, R(x, y) is the specific location of the leakage point, x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the leakage point; A m×n (x, y) is the location data of the first leakage point; B n×r (x, y) is the location data of the second leakage point; C r×m (x, y) is the location data of the third leakage point.

[0107] It should be noted that accurately positioning the specific location R(x, y) of the hydrogen leakage in the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station can solve the problems of inaccurate positioning and low positioning efficiency caused by obstructions, external environment, etc.

[0108] In S1-S5, the data processing and display unit 7 integrates and analyzes data through a centralized control unit. When any sensor detects a possible leakage sign, the control unit coordinates other sensors to conduct intensive monitoring of the area. Through data fusion technology (such as sensor fusion algorithm), information such as temperature anomalies, sound wave characteristics, video images, and hydrogen concentration is comprehensively considered to improve the accuracy and reliability of leakage positioning. In addition, through the development of a dedicated application and user interface, real-time display of monitoring data, alarm information, and leakage positioning results is realized, which facilitates operators to quickly respond and handle leakage events.

[0109] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen leakage monitoring and location system for high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen pipeline (1) is used to transport hydrogen gas; Several fixed columns (2) are installed around the hydrogen pipeline (1); An infrared thermal imager (3) is installed on at least one of the fixed columns (2), the infrared thermal imager (3) being used to detect the first location data of hydrogen leakage; At least one of the fixed columns (2) is equipped with a microphone array module (4), which is used to detect second location data of hydrogen leakage; At least one of the fixed columns (2) is equipped with a visible light camera (5), which is used to detect third location data of hydrogen leakage; At least one of the fixed columns (2) is equipped with a hydrogen concentration sensor (6), which is used to detect the concentration of leaked hydrogen. The data processing and display unit (7) is connected to the infrared thermal imager (3), the microphone array module (4), the visible camera (5), and the hydrogen concentration sensor (6) respectively.

2. The high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station hydrogen leakage monitoring and location system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several hydrogen concentration sensors (6) are provided and installed at different heights on the same fixed column (2) to detect hydrogen leakage concentration at different heights.

3. A method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations, used in the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline station hydrogen leak monitoring and locating system described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Abnormal temperature points are extracted using an infrared thermal imager (3) to determine potential leak areas and obtain the location data of the first leak point; The sound signal generated by the hydrogen leak is captured by the microphone array module (4), and the location of the leak point is calculated by the sound source localization algorithm to obtain the location data of the second leak point; The visible light camera (5) is used to assist the infrared thermal imager (3) and the microphone array module (4) to provide real-time images of potential leak points, and the location data of the third leak point is obtained by using data fusion technology. The hydrogen concentration sensor (6) is used to determine whether a hydrogen leak has occurred and to assess the scale of the leak. By combining the location data of the three leak points with the hydrogen concentration sensor (6), the location and scale of the hydrogen leak can be further determined.

4. The method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, Abnormal temperature points are extracted using an infrared thermal imager (3) to determine potential leak areas and obtain the location data of the first leak point, including the following steps: The infrared radiation energy intensity data of the hydrogen pipeline (1) station is captured by the infrared thermal imager (3), and the infrared radiation energy intensity data is converted into temperature readings. Based on temperature readings, anomalies in temperature are analyzed to identify potential leak areas. Based on the identification and marking of potential leak areas and abnormal temperature points, a first infrared cloud map and location data of the first leak point are generated.

5. The method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The infrared radiation energy satisfies the following formula: In the formula, M(λ,T) represents the radiation intensity at wavelength λ and temperature T, with units of W / m. 2sr·μm ; h is Prandtl's constant, with a value of 6.626 × 10⁻⁶. -34 J·s;c is the speed of light, with a value of 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, with a value of 1.381 × 10⁻⁶ m / s. -23 J / K; T is the absolute temperature of the blackbody, in K; λ is the wavelength of the radiation, in meters. The temperature data within the temperature distribution map satisfies the following formula: T′=f(M,ε,T amb ,T obj ,C); In the formula, T′ is the actual temperature of the target object's surface; M is the radiation intensity detected by the infrared thermal imager (5); ε is the emissivity of the target object, ranging from 0 to 1; T amb The ambient temperature; T obj C is the surface temperature of the object measured by the infrared thermal imager (5); C is the calibration parameter of the infrared thermal imager (5).

6. The method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sound signal generated by the hydrogen leak is captured by the microphone array module (4), and the location of the leak point is calculated using the sound source localization algorithm to obtain the location data of the second leak point, including the following steps: The microphone array module (4) scans and collects the sound wave signal emitted from the leak point of the hydrogen pipeline (1) to form a microphone array beam. The location of the hydrogen leak sound source is obtained by amplifying the signal in the direction of the leak point using the microphone array beamforming, and this location data is used as the location data of the second leak point.

7. A method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The microphone array beam satisfies the following formula: In the formula, Y(f,θ) is the output of the beamformer at frequency f and direction θ; W θ (f) is the weight of the nth microphone; X n (f) is the input signal of the nth microphone at frequency f; This takes into account the sound source direction θ and the microphone spacing d. n The effect on signal phase; c is the speed of sound, used to calculate the phase difference corresponding to the time difference from the sound source to the microphone; N is the number of microphones; d n It is the distance of the nth microphone relative to the reference point; j is the imaginary unit used to express the phase difference.

8. The method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrogen concentration sensor (6) is used to determine whether a hydrogen leak has occurred and to assess the scale of the leak, including the following steps: Obtain the hydrogen concentration at the initial leak and the ambient baseline hydrogen concentration; Obtain the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen; The current hydrogen concentration is calculated based on the initial leaked hydrogen concentration and diffusion coefficient; If the current hydrogen concentration is greater than the initial hydrogen concentration at which the leak occurred, then a hydrogen leak has occurred; otherwise, no hydrogen leak has occurred.

9. A method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 8, characterized in that, The current hydrogen concentration satisfies the following formula: C(t)=C0e -kt +C 环境 ; In the formula, C(t) represents the hydrogen concentration at time t, C0 is the hydrogen concentration at the initial leakage, k is the hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and C 环境 It is the basic concentration of hydrogen in the environment.

10. A method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, By combining the coordinates of the three leak points with those of a hydrogen concentration sensor (6), the location and scale of the hydrogen leak are further determined, including the following steps: The target location of the hydrogen leak was determined based on the three-point positioning technology; The hydrogen concentration at the target location is determined based on the hydrogen concentration sensor (6); The scale of the leak is determined based on the hydrogen concentration at the target location.

11. A method for monitoring and locating hydrogen leaks at high-pressure hydrogen pipeline stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target location satisfies the following formula: R(x,y)=A m×n (x,y)B n×r (x,y)C r×m (x,y); In the formula, R(x,y) represents the specific location of the leak point, and x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the leak point; A m×n (x,y) represents the location data of the first leak point; B n×r (x,y) represents the location data of the second leak point; C r×m (x,y) represents the location data of the third leak point.

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