Intelligent transformer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and provides an intelligent transformer which comprises a transformer body and a transformer respirator composed of a top seat, a top cover, a bottom cover, a base, a silica gel cylinder, an oil cup assembly and a butt joint flange, and the transformer respirator is in butt joint with an air inlet of the transformer body through the butt joint flange at the top of the transformer respirator. The top base, the top cover, the bottom cover and the base are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the top cover is rotatably installed on the lower end face of the top base, the bottom cover is rotatably installed on the upper end face of the base, the four silica gel barrels are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the bottom cover and clamped between the top cover and the bottom cover, and four first vent holes communicated with the silica gel barrels are evenly formed in the top cover. Four vent holes II communicated with the silica gel cylinder are uniformly formed in the bottom cover. By integrating advanced technologies such as humidity sensing, automatic transposition, mechanical unlocking and intelligent control, a transformer breathing system which is efficient, reliable and convenient to maintain is constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, and more specifically to an intelligent transformer. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change alternating current voltage. Its main components are the primary coil, secondary coil, and iron core (magnetic core). Its main functions include voltage transformation, current transformation, impedance transformation, isolation, and voltage stabilization (magnetic saturation transformer). Transformers can be classified according to their application as follows: distribution transformers, power transformers, fully sealed transformers, combined transformers, dry-type transformers, oil-immersed transformers, single-phase transformers, electric furnace transformers, rectifier transformers, reactors, anti-interference transformers, lightning protection transformers, box-type transformer test transformers, angle transformers, high-current transformers, and excitation transformers.

[0003] Oil-immersed transformers are equipped with breathers, which are important components of oil-immersed transformers. Their main function is to regulate the oil level in the transformer tank and allow air to flow freely between the tank and the environment. This helps prevent damage to the tank due to oil expansion and contraction and maintains the tank's normal operating pressure.

[0004] For example, CN118197753B discloses an intelligent transformer, including a transformer body and a breather body connected to the air inlet of the transformer body. The breather body includes an upper flange, a lower flange, a glass cylinder, and an oil cup. The oil cup is installed at the bottom of the lower flange. The glass cylinder includes a first glass plate and a second glass plate symmetrically arranged along its own central axis. The glass cylinder has two states: a first state in which the first glass plate and the second glass plate are combined and joined to form the glass cylinder, which is located between the upper flange and the lower flange; and a second state in which the first glass plate and the second glass plate are radially separated and detached from the upper flange and the lower flange. The glass cylinder provided by this invention allows for easy replacement of silica gel particles inside the glass cylinder by simply disassembling the glass cylinder into the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The entire process is simple and convenient, and the silica gel particles can be replaced without disassembling the oil cup, the upper flange, and the lower flange.

[0005] Currently, the widely used traditional transformer breathers mainly suffer from the following technical defects: Relying on manual inspections and lacking in intelligent technology: Traditional respirators lack humidity monitoring capabilities, and the failure of their internal silicone sealant is mainly determined by maintenance personnel observing the discoloration of the sealant on-site. This method is inefficient and prone to misjudgment due to untimely inspections, insufficient personnel experience, or observational errors. It is impossible to grasp the true moisture absorption status of the silicone sealant in real time, posing a potential risk of transformer moisture absorption due to silicone sealant saturation and failure.

[0006] Replacing silicone sealant requires a power outage, disrupting power supply continuity: When silicone sealant needs replacement, the respirator must be separated from the transformer body, a process that exposes the transformer's interior to the atmosphere. To prevent danger, the transformer must be de-energized. This not only interrupts the continuity of power supply and reduces its reliability, but also presents difficulties in scheduling power outages during peak electricity consumption or critical load conditions, potentially leading to the silicone sealant exceeding its service life and exacerbating equipment hazards.

[0007] Traditional respirators are typically single-cylinder structures with only one silica gel canister. Once the silica gel in this canister becomes saturated with moisture, the entire respirator loses its moisture-absorbing function until it needs to be replaced. Their design lacks a backup moisture-absorbing unit and online switching capability, making it impossible to switch the failed silica gel out of the working circuit and put the backup dry silica gel into operation without power interruption.

[0008] Maintenance is inconvenient, and safety and efficiency issues arise: Replacing the silicone respirator requires manual disassembly of the entire respirator or its major components, a cumbersome and laborious operation. Especially during the sealing process, improper handling can easily lead to a poor seal, causing air leakage and respirator failure. The entire replacement process is time-consuming, and frequent operations near high-voltage equipment increase personnel safety risks.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of intelligent transformer breather that can monitor the moisture absorption status in real time and accurately, automatically switch to the backup unit when the silica gel fails, and support safe and convenient maintenance operations without stopping the transformer, thereby comprehensively improving the intelligent level of transformer operation and maintenance and operational reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent transformer.

[0011] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: An intelligent transformer includes a transformer body and a transformer breather composed of a top seat, a top cover, a bottom cover, a base, silicone sleeves, an oil cup assembly, and a connecting flange. The transformer breather is connected to the air inlet of the transformer body via its top connecting flange. The top seat, top cover, bottom cover, and base are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top cover is rotatably mounted on the lower end face of the top seat, and the bottom cover is rotatably mounted on the upper end face of the base. Four silicone sleeves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom cover and are engaged between the top cover and the bottom cover. The top cover has evenly spaced openings... The device has four ventilation holes connected to the silicone tubes. The bottom cover also has four ventilation holes connected to the silicone tubes. The top and base are respectively provided with airways one and two. Airways one and two, together with the ventilation holes one and two on the left side and the silicone tubes, form a breathing channel. The base is equipped with a shifting component that drives the bottom cover to rotate. A side fixing bracket extending vertically downward is installed on the left side of the top cover. A mounting groove is opened on the inner side of the bottom end of the side fixing bracket. An unlocking drive component that drives the base and bottom cover to move down is installed inside the mounting groove to release the silicone tubes that are clamped and positioned between the top and bottom covers.

[0012] Preferably, four vertically distributed telescopic links are evenly distributed along the circumference between the top cover and the bottom cover, and the upper and lower ends of each telescopic link are fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top cover and the top edge of the bottom cover, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of air passage one connects to the top center of the top seat, and the bottom end of air passage two connects to the bottom center of the base.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end face of the top cover is evenly provided with four annular slots for clamping and positioning the upper end of the silicone tube, and the upper end face of the bottom cover is evenly provided with four placement rings for positioning the bottom end of the silicone tube.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom end of the silicone tube is also provided with several air guide holes evenly distributed.

[0016] Preferably, the oil cup assembly includes an inner oil cup and an outer oil cup. The inner oil cup is screwed to the center of the bottom end of the base, and the upper end of the outer oil cup is screwed to the outer ring of the base and covers the outside of the inner oil cup.

[0017] Preferably, the transposition assembly includes a stepper motor, a drive gear, and a transmission gear ring. The stepper motor is mounted on the right side wall of the base, the drive gear is connected to the output end of the stepper motor via a coupling, and the transmission gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the bottom cover and meshes with the drive gear. In this configuration, the stepper motor drives the transmission gear ring to rotate by 90° each time via the drive gear, and the transmission ratio between the drive gear and the transmission gear ring is set to 8:1.

[0018] Preferably, the unlocking drive component includes a servo motor, a lead screw, a lead screw sleeve, and a support block. The servo motor is installed at the top of the mounting slot, and its output end is connected to the lead screw via a coupling. The lead screw sleeve is threaded onto the lead screw, and the support block is installed on the outer wall of the lead screw sleeve. The other end of the support block is connected to the left side wall of the base.

[0019] Preferably, a controller is also installed on the outside of the side mounting bracket, and a humidity sensor is installed on the top of the side mounting bracket. The sensor head of the humidity sensor is inserted into the top seat and leads to the air passage.

[0020] Preferably, the working method steps are as follows: Humidity detection steps: The humidity sensor monitors the air humidity in airway 1 in real time and transmits the detection signal to the controller; Humidity detection and automatic repositioning steps: When the controller determines that the humidity exceeds the preset threshold, it identifies that the silicone filter capacity of the silicone cartridge currently located in the leftmost breathing channel is insufficient, and the controller automatically activates the repositioning component. Silicone cartridge switching steps: The switching component drives the bottom cover to rotate the four silicone cartridges synchronously by 90°, so that a new silicone cartridge rotates to the leftmost position and is connected to the breathing channel to continue working; Maintenance preparation steps: When maintenance is required, the operator starts the unlocking drive through the controller, which drives the base and bottom cover to move down, releasing the clamping and positioning of the four silicone cylinders; Silicone cartridge replacement and cleaning procedure: The operator removes the three silicone cartridges except for the leftmost silicone cartridge, and replaces the silicone and cleans the inside of the cartridges; Resumption of work procedure: After cleaning is completed, the operator restarts the unlocking drive through the controller, which moves the base and bottom cover upwards to reset and re-clamp the silicone cylinder. At this time, the leftmost silicone cylinder always remains in working state to shorten the system downtime.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: I. High level of intelligence, enabling precise monitoring and automatic switching. Real-time monitoring and early warning: By installing a humidity sensor inside the air duct, the humidity of the air after drying with the silicone tube can be continuously detected, and the data can be transmitted to the controller in real time. The controller has a built-in preset humidity threshold, which can accurately determine the moisture saturation state of the silicone tube and trigger a timely repositioning operation to prevent the transformer from getting damp due to decreased moisture absorption capacity.

[0022] Seamless automatic switching: Employing a stepper motor-driven gear-ring transmission mechanism with a high-precision transmission ratio design, the system enables precise positioning and rapid switching of silicone cartridges. When the current silicone cartridge fails, the system automatically screws in a spare silicone cartridge, ensuring continuous and effective operation of the breathing channel and significantly improving the automation level and operational reliability of the equipment.

[0023] II. The structural design is reasonable, balancing stability and maintainability. Modular silicone tube layout: Four silicone tubes are evenly distributed circumferentially and are stably fixed by a snap-fit ​​structure between the top and bottom covers, forming a reusable moisture-absorbing unit. This design not only improves space utilization efficiency but also facilitates batch maintenance and replacement, extending the overall service life.

[0024] Double sealing and positioning guarantee: The top cover is equipped with a ring-shaped buckle and the bottom cover is equipped with a placement retaining ring. Combined with the auxiliary support of the telescopic connecting rod, it effectively ensures the sealing and coaxiality of the silicone tube during operation and repositioning, preventing airflow leakage or silicone tube displacement, and improving moisture absorption efficiency and system stability.

[0025] A dedicated unlocking mechanism facilitates maintenance: A servo motor-driven lead screw-sleeve structure allows for smooth lifting and lowering of the base and bottom cover, easily releasing the clamping force on the silicone sleeve. This design enables maintenance personnel to quickly install and remove the silicone sleeve, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty and time costs.

[0026] 3. Supports non-stop maintenance, improving operational efficiency and safety. Uninterrupted continuous operation: When replacing the silicone sleeve, the left-side silicone sleeve located in the breathing channel remains operational, ensuring the transformer's interior remains in a dry environment. This feature allows maintenance operations to be performed without power interruption, greatly improving transformer availability and power supply reliability.

[0027] Maintenance reminder and recording function: The controller has operation record storage and alarm functions. When the cumulative number of position changes reaches the set value, it will automatically issue a maintenance reminder to help maintenance personnel to arrange maintenance plans in a reasonable manner, realize preventive maintenance, and reduce the risk of sudden failures.

[0028] IV. A comprehensive moisture-proof and filtration system enhances environmental adaptability. Dual protection for the oil cup assembly: It adopts an inner and outer double oil cup structure. The inner oil cup collects condensation, while the outer oil cup stores and seals the oil, effectively preventing external moisture and impurities from entering the breathing channel, thus improving the applicability of the equipment in humid or dusty environments.

[0029] Optimized airflow in the silicone tube: The bottom of the silicone tube has multiple air vents, which allow airflow to pass evenly through the silicone particles, improving moisture absorption efficiency and silicone utilization, and extending the single-use cycle.

[0030] V. User-friendly human-computer interaction, facilitating remote management The controller supports both manual and automatic control modes. Its built-in wireless communication module can send the operating status and alarm information to the operator's terminal in real time, enabling remote monitoring and dispatching, which meets the development needs of smart grids and unmanned substations.

[0031] This invention integrates advanced technologies such as humidity sensing, automatic switching, mechanical unlocking, and intelligent control to construct a highly efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain transformer breathing system. It not only achieves precise monitoring and automatic switching of the silica gel moisture-absorbing unit, ensuring the transformer remains in a dry operating state, but also supports non-stop maintenance through a modular structure and dedicated unlocking mechanism, significantly improving equipment operation and maintenance efficiency and power supply reliability. Furthermore, the comprehensive moisture-proof design and remote monitoring function further enhance the system's adaptability and management convenience in complex environments, providing strong protection for the safe, stable, and long-term operation of the transformer, and yielding significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0032] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in the unlocked state when replacing the silicone tube; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the internal breathing channel in a half-section according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the controller distribution according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the vent hole and the annular notch in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide hole distribution of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transposition component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocking drive component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the respirator of the present invention installed on a transformer; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow steps of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Top mount; 2. Top cover; 3. Bottom cover; 4. Base; 5. Silicone sleeve; 6. Oil cup assembly; 7. Connecting flange; 8. Repositioning assembly; 9. Side fixing bracket; 10. Unlocking drive component; 11. Telescopic linkage; 12. Humidity sensor; 13. Controller; 101. Airway 1; 201. Vent hole one; 202. Circular bayonet; 301. Airway 2; 302. Placement of retainer ring; 401. Vent hole two; 501. Air vent; 601. Inner oil cup; 602. Outer oil cup; 801. Stepper motor; 802. Drive gear; 803. Transmission gear ring; 901. Mounting slot; 1001, Servo motor; 1002, Lead screw; 1003, Lead screw sleeve; 1004, Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0035] Furthermore, "multiple" refers to two or more. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

[0036] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figures 1-10 This invention provides an intelligent transformer. This intelligent transformer mainly consists of two parts: the transformer body 14 and the transformer breather. The transformer breather is the core improved component, assembled from a top base 1, top cover 2, bottom cover 3, base 4, silicone sleeve 5, oil cup assembly 6, connecting flange assembly 7, transposition assembly 8, side fixing bracket 9, unlocking drive component 10, telescopic connecting rod 11, humidity sensor 12, and controller 13. The specific connection relationships are as follows: The transformer breather is sealed and connected to the air inlet of the transformer body 14 through the docking flange 7 at the top, so as to achieve airflow communication. The top seat 1, top cover 2, bottom cover 3, and base 4 are arranged vertically from top to bottom, forming the main frame of the respirator; Four silicone tubes 5 are evenly distributed around the bottom cover 3 and are snapped between the top cover 2 and the bottom cover 3 to form a switchable moisture absorption unit. The side mounting bracket 9 is vertically installed on the left side of the top base 1. The mounting groove 901 on the inner side of its bottom end is used to fix the unlocking drive component 10. The controller 13 is installed on the outside of the side mounting bracket 9. The humidity sensor 12 is embedded in the top of the top base 1 and extends into the air passage. The controller 13 has a built-in alarm that is wirelessly connected to the operator's terminal.

[0037] Detailed structure of key components Main frame and airflow channels Top cover 2 and bottom cover 3: Top cover 2 is rotatably mounted on the lower end face of top base 1 via bearing, and bottom cover 3 is rotatably mounted on the upper end face of base 4 via bearing; Top cover 2 has 4 vent holes 201, and bottom cover 3 has 4 vent holes 301, each vent hole is connected to the upper and lower ports of a silicone tube 5 respectively. Air passage structure: The top seat 1 has an internal air passage 101, the top of which extends to the center of the top of the top seat 1 (connected to the docking flange 7); the base 4 has an internal air passage 401, the bottom of which extends to the center of the bottom of the base 4 (connected to the oil cup assembly 6); the air passage 101, the left vent 201, the left silicone tube 5, the left vent 301, and the air passage 401 together form a complete breathing channel, realizing moisture absorption and ventilation between the inside of the transformer and the outside. Silicone tube positioning: The lower end face of the top cover 2 is provided with 4 annular slots 202 for pressing and sealing the upper port of the silicone tube 5; the upper end face of the bottom cover 3 is provided with 4 placement retaining rings 302 for supporting the lower port of the silicone tube 5; the bottom end of the silicone tube 5 is also provided with several air guide holes 501 to ensure that the airflow passes through the silicone particles evenly and improves the moisture absorption efficiency.

[0038] Auxiliary support and sealing components Telescopic connecting rod 11: Four telescopic connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the top cover 2 and the bottom cover 3, and their upper and lower ends are fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top cover 2 and the top edge of the bottom cover 3, respectively. The telescopic connecting rods can extend and retract as the bottom cover 3 moves up and down, which can maintain the coaxiality of the top cover and the bottom cover, and also help transmit the clamping force to ensure the stable positioning of the silicone cylinder 5.

[0039] Oil cup assembly 6 Oil cup assembly 6 adopts a double-layer structure, including an inner oil cup 601 and an outer oil cup 602: The inner oil cup 601 is screwed to the center of the bottom end of the base 4 and connected to the second air passage 401. It is used to hold moisture-proof oil and collect condensation in the airflow to prevent external moisture from directly entering the transformer. The upper end of the outer oil cup 602 is screwed to the outer ring of the base 4, completely covering the outside of the inner oil cup 601. The oil inside the outer oil cup is submerged above the bottom of the inner oil cup.

[0040] Transposition component 8 The switching component 8 is used to drive the silicone cylinder 5 to switch, and its core includes a stepper motor 801, a drive gear 802, and a transmission gear ring 803. The stepper motor 801 is fixedly installed on the right side wall of the base 4, and its output end is connected to the drive gear 802 through a coupling. The transmission gear ring 803 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the bottom cover 3 and meshes with the drive gear 802; the transmission ratio between the drive gear 802 and the transmission gear ring 803 is set to 8:1, ensuring that the transmission gear ring 803 drives the bottom cover 3 to rotate 45° for every revolution of the stepper motor 801; by controlling the number of revolutions of the stepper motor 801 through the controller 13, the bottom cover 3 can be accurately rotated 90° each time, thereby driving the four silicone tubes 5 to rotate synchronously, completing the switching between the "failed silicone tube" and the "spare silicone tube".

[0041] Unlock driver 10 The unlocking drive component 10 is used to release the clamping and positioning of the silicone cylinder 5 for easy maintenance and replacement. It includes a servo motor 1001, a lead screw 1002, a lead screw sleeve 1003, and a support block 1004. The servo motor 1001 is fixed to the top of the mounting slot 901, and its output end is connected to the vertically set lead screw 1002 through a coupling. The lead screw sleeve 1003 is threaded onto the lead screw 1002. One end of the support block 1004 is fixed to the outer wall of the lead screw sleeve 1003, and the other end is fixed to the left side wall of the base 4. When the servo motor 1001 rotates forward, the lead screw 1002 drives the lead screw sleeve 1003 to move downward, and the support block 1004 simultaneously drives the base 4 and the bottom cover 3 to move downward, so that the silicone cylinder 5 is disengaged from the annular latch 202 of the top cover 2, thereby unlocking. When the servo motor 1001 rotates in reverse, the base 4 moves upward to reset and re-clamps the silicone cylinder 5.

[0042] Monitoring and control components Humidity sensor 12: Its sensor head penetrates into the top seat 1 and extends into the airway 101, which can detect the humidity of the airflow in the breathing channel in real time and convert the detection signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the controller 13. Controller 13: It adopts a PLC control system with a preset humidity threshold (such as 60%RH). It can receive the signal from the humidity sensor 12 to determine the current moisture absorption capacity of the silicone tube 5. At the same time, the controller 13 is also electrically connected to the stepper motor 801 and the servo motor 1001. It can automatically or manually control the operation of the switching component 8 and the unlocking drive component 10, and has fault alarm and operation record storage functions.

[0043] Working process and maintenance methods Daily moisture absorption and automatic repositioning Humidity detection: When the transformer is running, outside air is filtered and dehumidified by the oil cup assembly 6, then enters the second air passage 401, and then enters the left silica gel cylinder 5 through the left vent 301. The silica gel in the silica gel cylinder 5 absorbs the moisture in the air, and the dried air enters the transformer body 14 through the left vent 201, the first air passage 101, and the connecting flange 7. During this process, the humidity sensor 12 monitors the humidity of the dry air in the first air passage 101 in real time and transmits the data to the controller 13. Humidity judgment and repositioning start: When the controller 13 determines that the detected humidity exceeds the preset threshold (such as 60%RH), it identifies that the current left silicone tube 5 is saturated with moisture and has insufficient filtration capacity, and then sends a command to the repositioning component 8. Silicone cartridge switching: Stepper motor 801 starts, driving transmission gear ring 803 to rotate 90° through drive gear 802, and bottom cover 3 simultaneously drives 4 silicone cartridges 5 to rotate 90°; the original right-side spare silicone cartridge 5 rotates to the left-side position and connects to the breathing channel to continue absorbing moisture, and the original left-side failed silicone cartridge 5 rotates to other positions for standby, completing the automatic switching.

[0044] Non-stop maintenance and silicone replacement Maintenance preparation: When the controller 13 records 3 position changes (i.e., 3 silicone cylinders have failed), a maintenance reminder is issued; the operator starts the unlocking drive 10 through the manual mode of the controller 13; Unlocking operation: Servo motor 1001 rotates forward, causing base 4 and bottom cover 3 to move down, silicone cylinder 5 disengages from the annular latch 202 of top cover 2, and telescopic connecting rod 11 extends synchronously. Silicone Replacement and Cleaning: The operator removes the three failed silicone cartridges except for the working silicone cartridge 5 on the left, replaces the internal silicone particles, and cleans the dust and condensation on the inner wall of the cartridge; during this process, the silicone cartridge 5 on the left remains in the breathing channel, the transformer operates normally, and there is no need to stop the machine. Resumption of work: After the replacement and cleaning are completed, the operator controls the servo motor 1001 to reverse through the controller 13, the base 4 moves up and resets, the annular bayonet 202 and the placement ring 302 re-clamp the 3 newly replaced silicone cylinders 5, the telescopic connecting rod 11 shortens and resets, and the maintenance is completed.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A smart transformer, comprising a transformer body (14), and a transformer breather composed of a top seat (1), a top cover (2), a bottom cover (3), a base (4), a silicone sleeve (5), an oil cup assembly (6), and a connecting flange assembly (7), characterized in that, The transformer breather is connected to the air inlet of the transformer body (14) via the connecting flange (7) on its top. The top seat (1), top cover (2), bottom cover (3), and base (4) are arranged in order from top to bottom. The top cover (2) is rotatably installed on the lower end face of the top seat (1), and the bottom cover (3) is rotatably installed on the upper end face of the base (4). The silicone tube (5) has four evenly distributed around the bottom cover (3) and is snapped between the top cover (2) and the bottom cover (3). The top cover (2) has four evenly distributed ventilation holes (201) connecting the silicone tube (5), and the bottom cover (3) has four evenly distributed ventilation holes (301) connecting the silicone tube (5). The top seat (1) and the base (4) The interior is provided with airway one (101) and airway two (401). The airway one (101), airway two (401), airway one (201), airway two (401) on the left side and silicone tube (5) together form a breathing channel. The base (4) is equipped with a shifting component (8) that drives the bottom cover (3) to rotate. The top seat (1) is equipped with a side fixing bracket (9) that extends vertically downward on the left side. The bottom end of the side fixing bracket (9) is provided with an installation groove (901). The installation groove (901) is equipped with an unlocking drive component (10) that drives the base (4) and bottom cover (3) to move down, so as to release the silicone tube (5) that is clamped and positioned between the top cover (2) and bottom cover (3).

2. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four vertically distributed telescopic links (11) are evenly distributed along the circumference between the top cover (2) and the bottom cover (3). The upper and lower ends of each telescopic link (11) are fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top cover (2) and the top edge of the bottom cover (3).

3. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the first air passage (101) connects to the top center of the top seat (1), and the bottom end of the second air passage (301) connects to the bottom center of the base (4).

4. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover (2) has four annular slots (202) evenly arranged on the lower end face to press and position the upper end of the silicone tube (5), and the bottom cover (3) has four placement rings (302) evenly arranged on the upper end face to position the bottom of the silicone tube (5).

5. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the silicone tube (5) is also provided with several air guide holes (501).

6. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil cup assembly (6) includes an inner oil cup (601) and an outer oil cup (602). The inner oil cup (601) is screwed to the center of the bottom end of the base (4), and the upper port of the outer oil cup (602) is screwed to the outer ring of the base (4) and covers the outside of the inner oil cup (601).

7. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting assembly (8) includes a stepper motor (801), a drive gear (802), and a transmission gear ring (803). The stepper motor (801) is mounted on the right side wall of the base (4). The drive gear (802) is connected to the output end of the stepper motor (801) through a coupling. The transmission gear ring (803) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the bottom cover (3) and meshes with the drive gear (802). The stepper motor (801) drives the transmission gear ring (803) to rotate by 90° each time through the drive gear (802), and the transmission ratio between the drive gear (802) and the transmission gear ring (803) is set to 8:

1.

8. The intelligent transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unlocking drive component (10) includes a servo motor (1001), a lead screw (1002), a lead screw sleeve (1003), and a support block (1004). The servo motor (1001) is installed at the top of the mounting slot (901), and its output end is connected to the lead screw (1002) via a coupling. The lead screw sleeve (1003) is threaded onto the lead screw (1002). The support block (1004) is installed on the outer wall of the lead screw sleeve (1003), and the other end of the support block (1004) is connected to the left side wall of the base (4).

9. A smart transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A controller (13) is also installed on the outside of the side fixing bracket (9). A humidity sensor (12) is installed on the top of the side fixing bracket (9). The sensor head of the humidity sensor (12) is inserted into the top seat (1) and connected to the air passage (101).

10. A smart transformer according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes the following working steps: Humidity detection steps: The humidity sensor (12) monitors the air humidity in the airway (101) in real time and transmits the detection signal to the controller (13). Humidity judgment and automatic repositioning steps: When the controller (13) determines that the humidity exceeds the preset threshold, it identifies that the silicone filter capacity of the silicone tube (5) currently located in the leftmost breathing channel is insufficient, and the controller (13) automatically starts the repositioning component (8). Silicone cartridge switching steps: The switching component (8) drives the bottom cover (3) to rotate the four silicone cartridges (5) synchronously by 90°, so that a new silicone cartridge (5) rotates to the leftmost position and is connected to the breathing channel to continue working; Maintenance preparation steps: When maintenance is required, the operator starts the unlocking drive (10) through the controller (13), and the drive base (4) and bottom cover (3) move down to release the clamping and positioning of the four silicone tubes (5); Silicone cartridge replacement and cleaning procedure: The operator removes the other three silicone cartridges (5) except for the leftmost silicone cartridge (5) and performs silicone replacement and cleaning inside the cartridges; Resumption of work steps: After cleaning, the operator restarts the unlocking drive (10) through the controller (13), which moves the base (4) and bottom cover (3) up to reset and re-clamp the silicone tube (5). At this time, the leftmost silicone tube (5) always remains in working state to shorten the system downtime.

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