Fishing and light integrated freshwater shrimp three-crop-in-one-year culture method comprising flexible photovoltaic and temperature control greenhouse

Abstract

The invention discloses a fishing and light integrated freshwater shrimp three-crop-in-one-year culture method comprising a flexible photovoltaic greenhouse and a temperature control greenhouse. The breeding method comprises the steps of constructing a fishing and light integrated breeding system comprising a flexible photovoltaic greenhouse and a temperature control greenhouse, throwing offspring seeds, controlling the water temperature of a shrimp breeding pond, feeding baits, catching freshwater shrimps and the like. The fishing and light integrated breeding system comprises a photovoltaic power generation system, the temperature control greenhouse, a temperature regulation and control system and the shrimp breeding pond. According to the fish and light integrated flexible photovoltaic and temperature control greenhouse culture system, by combining first-season, second-season and third-season freshwater shrimp stocking, precise feeding of matched feed and fine regulation and control of water temperature, the problems that in a traditional freshwater shrimp culture mode, only one crop or two crops are cultured in a year, the stocking time of freshwater shrimp seeds is relatively late, the freshwater shrimp seeds appear on the market in a centralized mode, and synergy is not obvious are solved; facility efficient cultivation of three crops of freshwater shrimps in one year is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a method for three-crop-aquaculture of freshwater shrimp that integrates flexible photovoltaics and temperature-controlled greenhouses. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, freshwater shrimp farming mainly relies on traditional open-air pond methods. Its production process is highly dependent on natural climate conditions, and the farming cycle is closely related to environmental factors such as water temperature and light. This method has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] First, existing aquaculture methods cannot effectively regulate water temperature, resulting in significant seasonal limitations on the growth cycle of freshwater shrimp. In East China and the Yangtze River basin, conventional aquaculture is usually limited to a single or double season (spring or autumn). Although spring aquaculture allows stocking from January to March, the early low water temperature slows shrimp growth, delaying market entry until after June, missing out on peak market prices and severely impacting economic benefits. Autumn aquaculture (June to August) coincides with the high-temperature period, where excessively high water temperatures increase stress on shrimp larvae, drastically reducing survival rates and significantly raising the risk of disease, further restricting yield and profitability.

[0004] Secondly, traditional pond aquaculture lacks the ability to actively regulate light and water temperature, making it difficult to achieve continuous production throughout the year. Prawns are poikilothermic animals, requiring suitable water temperatures for feeding, molting, and growth. Under natural conditions, both low winter temperatures and high summer temperatures can cause stunted growth or even death in prawns, making the efficient farming of prawns in three harvests a year technically impossible.

[0005] Although the integrated fish-solar model improves land resource utilization efficiency and generates electricity revenue to some extent by installing photovoltaic panel arrays on the water surface, the shading effect of the photovoltaic modules leads to uneven lighting in the pond and exacerbates water temperature stratification, further disrupting the natural growth rhythm of freshwater shrimp. Without suitable temperature control facilities and refined environmental management strategies, the ordinary integrated fish-solar model still cannot overcome the negative impact of seasonal temperature fluctuations, and cannot create a stable and suitable year-round growth environment for freshwater shrimp. Therefore, it also cannot achieve high-density, off-season, and multi-crop continuous farming of freshwater shrimp.

[0006] Therefore, in existing technologies, whether it is traditional pond aquaculture or conventional integrated aquaculture and solar power, the seasonal bottleneck of freshwater shrimp farming cannot be broken due to problems such as uncontrollable water temperature, extensive light management, and prominent environmental stress factors, which restricts the further improvement of freshwater shrimp production and farming efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method for three-crop-a-year aquaculture of freshwater shrimp that integrates flexible photovoltaics and temperature-controlled greenhouses. This method uses a flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse integrated aquaculture system to achieve efficient aquaculture of freshwater shrimp three times a year. That is, based on traditional pond aquaculture, steel-framed temperature-controlled greenhouse facilities are constructed using the pillars of flexible photovoltaic supports, which solves the problems of late market availability and low prices of freshwater shrimp in spring and low survival rate and insignificant efficiency improvement of freshwater shrimp in autumn in Jiangsu Province.

[0008] To achieve, or at least partially achieve, the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for integrated solar-aquaculture of freshwater shrimp, incorporating flexible photovoltaic panels and a temperature-controlled greenhouse, includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Construct a flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse integrated aquaculture system; which includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a temperature-controlled greenhouse, a temperature control system, and a shrimp pond;

[0011] (2) Seedling release: The release is divided into the first season of freshwater shrimp, the second season of freshwater shrimp, and the third season of freshwater shrimp. The release time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from January to February each year, the release time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from May to June each year, and the release time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from September to October.

[0012] (3) Water temperature control in shrimp ponds: Fertilize the shrimp ponds, maintain the water level, and control the water temperature in the shrimp ponds.

[0013] (4) Feeding: After each season of freshwater shrimp are released, feed the freshwater shrimp pellets along the banks of the shrimp pond.

[0014] (5) Freshwater shrimp fishing: The fishing time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from early April to mid-May, the fishing time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from early July to early September, and the fishing time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from early December to mid-January.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This application has upgraded the traditional single-season or double-season shrimp farming model in ponds by using steel-framed film greenhouses to increase the farming of early spring freshwater shrimp and freshwater shrimp during high-temperature periods, giving full play to the growth advantages of freshwater shrimp, and with the addition of temperature control facilities, it has achieved a "three early and one good" high-efficiency freshwater shrimp farming model of "early stocking, early temperature control, early market launch, and good feed".

[0017] 2. The technical solution proposed in this application can significantly improve the efficiency of freshwater shrimp farming. By using technologies such as precise feed feeding, refined water temperature control, and targeted harvesting of larger shrimp while leaving smaller ones, it solves the problems of traditional freshwater shrimp farming methods, such as only one or two harvests per year, late stocking of shrimp fry, concentrated market entry, and insignificant efficiency gains. It achieves the effect of intensive farming with a yield of more than 100 kg of freshwater shrimp per mu per year for three harvests. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The image shows a front view of the integrated solar-aquaculture shrimp farming system provided in this application.

[0019] Figure 2 An internal view of the solar-aquaculture shrimp farming system provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] The materials used in the following embodiments are not limited to those listed below and may be replaced by other similar materials. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments are all commercially available conventional products. Those skilled in the art should have the relevant knowledge of using conventional materials and instruments under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise stated, the terms "described," "the," "the foregoing," etc., used in this application may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the word "comprising" as used in the specification of this application means the presence of the stated features, steps, or operations, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, or steps.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this application pertains. Before a detailed description of this application, the following definitions are provided to better understand it.

[0024] To better understand this teaching and without limiting its scope, all figures and other numerical values ​​used in the specification and claims to express quantities, percentages, or proportions should, in all cases, be understood to be modified by the term "about." Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and appended claims are approximate values ​​that may vary depending on the desired properties sought. At a minimum, each numerical parameter should be interpreted based at least on the reported significant figures and by applying common rounding techniques.

[0025] In this application, when the concentration or content is expressed by "%", unless otherwise specified, "%" represents the mass fraction. For example, in the following text, "protein content of 42% to 46%" means that the protein content accounts for 42% to 46% of the mass fraction of the feed.

[0026] In this application text, "early ten days" is conventionally understood to refer to the 1st to 10th of each month, and "mid ten days" is conventionally understood to refer to the 11th to 20th of each month.

[0027] To address the problems of low price, low survival rate, low yield, extensive farming management, and environmental stress in traditional pond-based shrimp farming, the inventors of this application have developed a novel flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse shrimp farming system under the existing aquaculture-solar integrated model. This system can achieve efficient farming of shrimp in three harvests per year: the first season (spring shrimp), the second season (summer shrimp), and the third season (autumn shrimp).

[0028] Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a method for integrated solar-aquaculture of freshwater shrimp that includes flexible photovoltaics and a temperature-controlled greenhouse, specifically including the following steps:

[0029] (1) Construct a flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse integrated aquaculture system; which includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a temperature-controlled greenhouse, a temperature control system, and a shrimp pond;

[0030] (2) Seedling release: The release is divided into the first season of freshwater shrimp, the second season of freshwater shrimp, and the third season of freshwater shrimp. The release time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from January to February each year, the release time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from May to June each year, and the release time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from September to October.

[0031] (3) Water temperature control in shrimp ponds: Fertilize the shrimp ponds, maintain the water level, and control the water temperature in the shrimp ponds.

[0032] (4) Feeding: After each season of shrimp stocking, feed the shrimp pellets along the banks of the shrimp pond.

[0033] (5) Freshwater shrimp fishing: The fishing time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from early April to mid-May, the fishing time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from early July to early September, and the fishing time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from early December to mid-January.

[0034] In some embodiments, in step (1), the photovoltaic power generation system includes a flexible support photovoltaic panel with a span of 20.0 to 45.0 meters, and the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel is ≥5.5 meters above the water level of the shrimp pond, and the average water depth of the shrimp pond is ≥1.2 meters; the main body of the temperature control greenhouse is a large-span arched steel frame structure located under the flexible photovoltaic panel. Figures 1-2 The image shows a flexible photovoltaic + facility-based temperature-controlled greenhouse shrimp pond integrated aquaculture system constructed according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] In some embodiments, in step (1), the temperature control system includes a water source heat pump, which can be used to regulate the water temperature of the shrimp pond. For example, when the water temperature is low in winter, the water source heat pump can convert the electrical energy obtained by the photovoltaic power generation system into heat energy to raise the water temperature. When the water temperature is too high in summer, the water source heat pump and groundwater are used to cool the water in the shrimp pond. The water source heat pump can achieve ecological temperature control of the aquaculture water in the steel frame greenhouse, providing a stable water temperature environment for shrimp farming.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, in step (2), before the seedling release, *Elodea nuttallii* is planted in the shrimp pond, including the following steps: cutting *Elodea nuttallii* seedlings into 15-20 cm long segments, tying 5-8 segments into bundles, and planting them at a spacing of 50×50 cm. The dense stems and leaves of *Elodea nuttallii* provide perfect hiding places for freshwater shrimp. When freshwater shrimp are molting, their bodies are soft and defenseless, making them extremely vulnerable to attack by their own kind or other organisms. *Elodea nuttallii* provides a safe molting space for freshwater shrimp, greatly reducing the mortality rate and thus improving the survival rate.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, in step (2), the stocking size of the first season prawns is 600-800 prawns / kg, and the stocking quantity is 10-15kg; the stocking size of the second season prawns is 7000-8000 prawns / kg, and the stocking quantity is 5-8kg; the stocking size of the third season prawns is 700-800 prawns / kg, and the stocking quantity is 10-15kg.

[0038] In some embodiments, step (3) includes fertilizing the water with amino acid fertilizer paste and fermented organic fertilizer after the first season of shrimp is released.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, in step (3), the amount of fertilizer paste used is 2 kg / mu, and the amount of fermented organic fertilizer used is 80-120 kg / mu; in addition, EM bacteria and Chlorella seeds are supplemented every 10-15 days, with the EM bacteria concentration ≥10. 6 CFU / mL, dosage 2L / acre, Chlorella species concentration ≥10 7 The dosage is 1 L / mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) at a concentration of CFU / mL. This fertilization process helps maintain the balance of bacteria and algae in shrimp ponds, accelerates the cycling of matter and energy, and preserves the fertility of the water.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, in step (4), the particle size of the shrimp pellet feed is 1.0 to 1.4 mm.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, in step (4), the feeding time and protein content requirements for the shrimp pellet feed are as follows:

[0042] The protein content of the feed given from January to May is 42% to 46%, the protein content of the feed given from June to August is 36% to 38%, and the protein content of the feed given from September to November is 40% to 42%.

[0043] The purpose of feeding pelleted feed is to ensure that the freshwater shrimp can obtain sufficient nutrition and accelerate growth in all three seasons. Therefore, no specific limit is made on the feeding frequency and amount of pelleted feed, but the real-time needs of the freshwater shrimp in the shrimp pond shall be met.

[0044] In some embodiments, in step (5), the catch standard for shrimp in each season is any one of the following:

[0045] (3) Body length ≥ 4.5 cm / tail;

[0046] (4) Body weight ≥3.5g / tail.

[0047] Harvesting standards can be specifically formulated based on market sales standards. Large shrimp that meet the standards are harvested and sold, while small shrimp that do not meet the standards continue to be raised in the original pond until they meet the standards.

[0048] The technical solution of this application and the technical effects achieved will be described in detail below through more specific embodiments.

[0049] Example

[0050] This embodiment provides a solar-fishery integrated shrimp farming method, implemented in Zhenglu Town, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province in 2024. The specific steps are as follows:

[0051] (1) Construction of flexible photovoltaic + facility-based greenhouse shrimp pond: A flexible photovoltaic + facility-based greenhouse shrimp pond was constructed in Zhenglu Town, Changzhou City. The pond area is 3.5 mu, the maximum water storage depth is 1.5 meters, the slope ratio is 1:2.5, and it is equipped with a 1.5 kW microporous aeration system. Flexible bracket photovoltaic panels are constructed above the pond. The span of the flexible bracket photovoltaic panels is 35.0 meters, and the lower edge of the flexible bracket photovoltaic panels is 5.5 meters away from the water level of the pond. A large-span arched steel frame greenhouse is constructed under the flexible bracket photovoltaic panels.

[0052] (2) Preparation before seedling stocking: On January 10, the pond was filled with water to a depth of 10 cm, and 100 kg of quicklime per mu was used to disinfect the entire pond; on January 22, Elodea nuttallii was planted. The Elodea nuttallii seedlings were cut into small sections of 15-20 cm in length, and 5-8 sections were bundled together and planted manually at a spacing of 50×50 cm; on January 27, the water was filled to a depth of 40 cm, and the water was filtered through a double-layer sieve with 60 mesh and 100 mesh screens.

[0053] (3) Stocking time and density: The shrimp larvae stocked were all nationally approved new aquatic varieties of shrimp, "Taihu No. 3". The first season of shrimp larvae were stocked on January 28, with 15 kg of shrimp larvae of 700 shrimp / kg stocked per mu; the second season of shrimp larvae were stocked on May 20, with 5 kg of shrimp larvae of 7600 shrimp / kg stocked per mu; and the third season of shrimp larvae were stocked on September 17, with 12 kg of large-sized shrimp larvae of 800 shrimp / kg stocked per mu.

[0054] (4) Water quality management: On the first day after stocking the first batch of freshwater shrimp, apply amino acid fertilizer paste (produced by Henan Nanhua Qianmu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) and fermented organic fertilizer (dried chicken manure crushed and fermented with EM bacteria for 5 days, EM bacteria produced by Jiangsu Yimu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) to fertilize the water. The amount of fertilizer paste is 2 kg / mu and the amount of fermented organic fertilizer is 100 kg / mu. During the breeding process, apply EM bacteria (2 L / mu) and Chlorella seed (1 L / mu) every 10 to 15 days. Apply Bacillus subtilis (0.25 to 0.50 kg / mu) to the bottom every 15 to 20 days to maintain good water quality and bottom quality and keep the water transparency of the pond at about 40 cm. Sprinkle glucose multivitamin ion calcium (0.5 to 1 kg / mu) every 7 to 10 days. Monitor the water temperature and dissolved oxygen throughout the process, and increase oxygen in time to control the dissolved oxygen to not be lower than 4 mg / L.

[0055] (5) Water level and temperature control: The pond water depth is 0.4-0.6m from January to May, 0.7-1.2m from June to September, and 0.8-1.2m from October to December; a water source heat pump is used to raise the pond water temperature from January to March and December, and a water source heat pump or groundwater double insurance is used to cool the water during the high temperature period from July to September, with the water temperature controlled at 20-28℃, to achieve ecological temperature control of the aquaculture water in the steel frame greenhouse;

[0056] (6) Feeding Management: After stocking shrimp each season, feed them complete pelleted feed for freshwater shrimp (produced by Jiangsu Guanqian Special Aquatic Feed Co., Ltd.) in a timely manner. The feed pellet size is 1.0-1.4mm. The feed should be scattered along the shore. The protein content of the feed should be 42%-46% from January to May, 36%-38% from June to August, and 40%-42% from September to November to ensure that the freshwater shrimp receive sufficient nutrition. The feeding amount should be 2%-5% of the body weight of the shrimp in the pond from January to April, 5%-8% from May to September, and 3%-5% from October to December.

[0057] (7) Disease prevention and control: Disinfect the whole pond with 5 kg / mu of quicklime once a month. From June to September, feed the feed with vitamin C or allicin every 3 days.

[0058] (8) Harvesting and marketing: The first season of freshwater shrimp was harvested from April 7 to May 15, with a total harvest of 95.2 kg; the second season of freshwater shrimp was harvested from July 6 to September 10, with a total harvest of 91.5 kg; the third season of freshwater shrimp was harvested from December 2 until it was completely harvested, with a total harvest of 75.2 kg. The annual yield was 103.4 kg per mu. Due to the staggered marketing of large-sized freshwater shrimp, the output value per mu was 20,295.43 yuan, and the profit per mu was 13,500 yuan. The specific results of freshwater shrimp farming are shown in Table 1 below.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] In summary, the flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse integrated aquaculture and solar shrimp farming method provided in this application can realize a three-crop-a-year shrimp farming model, which greatly improves the farming efficiency of shrimp. This farming method is simple, easy to control, and can be widely promoted.

[0062] The present application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the present application and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for integrated solar-aquaculture of freshwater shrimp, incorporating flexible photovoltaic panels and a temperature-controlled greenhouse, characterized in that... Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Construct a flexible photovoltaic + temperature-controlled greenhouse integrated aquaculture system; which includes a flexible support photovoltaic power generation system, a temperature-controlled greenhouse, a temperature control system, and a shrimp pond; (2) Seedling release: The release is divided into the first season of freshwater shrimp, the second season of freshwater shrimp, and the third season of freshwater shrimp. The release time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from January to February each year, the release time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from May to June each year, and the release time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from September to October. (3) Water temperature control in shrimp ponds: Fertilize the shrimp ponds, maintain the water level, and control the water temperature in the shrimp ponds. (4) Feeding: After each season of shrimp fry are released, shrimp pellet feed is fed along the bank of the shrimp pond. (5) Freshwater shrimp fishing: The fishing time for the first season of freshwater shrimp is from early April to mid-May, the fishing time for the second season of freshwater shrimp is from early July to early September, and the fishing time for the third season of freshwater shrimp is from early December to mid-January.

2. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the photovoltaic power generation system includes a flexible bracket photovoltaic panel with a span of 20.0 to 45.0 meters and a lower edge at a distance of ≥5.5 meters from the water level of the shrimp pond. The average water depth of the shrimp pond is ≥1.2 meters. The main body of the temperature-controlled greenhouse is a large-span arched steel frame structure located under the flexible photovoltaic panel.

3. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the temperature control system includes a water source heat pump, which can be used to regulate the water temperature of the shrimp pond.

4. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), before the seedlings are released, Elodea nuttallii is planted in the shrimp pond, including the following steps: cut the Elodea nuttallii seedlings into small sections of 15-20 cm in length, tie 5-8 sections into a bundle, and plant them at a spacing of 50×50 cm.

5. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the stocking size of the first season's freshwater shrimp is 600-800 shrimp / kg, and the stocking quantity is 10-15kg; the stocking size of the second season's freshwater shrimp is 7000-8000 shrimp / kg, and the stocking quantity is 5-8kg; the stocking size of the third season's freshwater shrimp is 700-800 shrimp / kg, and the stocking quantity is 10-15kg.

6. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the fertilization treatment includes: after the first season of shrimp are released, using amino acid fertilizer paste and fermented organic fertilizer to fertilize the water.

7. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (3), the amount of fertilizer paste used is 2 kg / mu, and the amount of fermented organic fertilizer used is 80-120 kg / mu; every 10-15 days, EM bacteria and Chlorella seeds are added, wherein the concentration of EM bacteria is ≥10. 6 CFU / mL, dosage 2L / acre, Chlorella species concentration ≥10 7 CFU / mL, dosage is 1L / acre.

8. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the particle size of the shrimp pellet feed is 1.0 to 1.4 mm.

9. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the feeding time and protein content requirements for the shrimp pellet feed are as follows: The protein content of the feed given from January to May is 42% to 46%, the protein content of the feed given from June to August is 36% to 38%, and the protein content of the feed given from September to November is 40% to 42%.

10. The method for raising freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the catch standard for each season's freshwater shrimp is any one of the following: (1) Body length ≥ 4.5 cm / tail; (2) Body weight ≥3.5g / tail.

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