An ocular examination device with post-operative care eyelid support

Abstract

The application discloses an eye examination device with postoperative care eyelid support, belonging to the technical field of eye examination, which is composed of an eyeshade frame, a tightening belt, a shell, an examination base, an examination module and an eyelid spreader, etc. The device can be stably worn through the tightening belt, the position of the examination module can be adjusted by using a miniature electric push rod, the upper and lower eyelid support members of the eyelid spreader can be precisely spread by the SMA-driven spreader, the contact air bag on the arc-shaped silica gel support pad can adjust the contact pressure through a pneumatic regulator, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator can assist in tear regulation and muscle relaxation, and the liquid suction device can process excess tears. The device integrates a control module and multiple detection modules, can monitor the eye condition in real time and trigger the protection mechanism, can complete the eye examination while providing safe and comfortable support and care for postoperative patients, and is suitable for the examination and rehabilitation assistance of postoperative ophthalmology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ophthalmic examination technology, and more specifically, to an ophthalmic examination device with postoperative eyelid support. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ophthalmology, the integration of eye examination and postoperative care has always been a key factor in improving treatment outcomes. For postoperative eye patients, the eye tissues are in a special repair phase and are extremely sensitive to external stimuli, which places extremely high demands on the safety and compatibility of examination devices. Traditional eye examination devices are often designed with a greater emphasis on the implementation of examination functions, with relatively insufficient consideration for postoperative care, leading to numerous problems in practical applications.

[0003] Traditional eyelid support structures rely heavily on mechanical transmission, which limits the precision of adjusting the support force. This makes it difficult to make fine adjustments based on the patient's postoperative eye vulnerability, and improper pressure can easily cause additional damage to the eyelids and surrounding tissues, affecting the postoperative recovery process. Furthermore, postoperative tear secretion and distribution in patients often become abnormal, and traditional devices lack effective tear regulation mechanisms. Excessive tear production can interfere with the clarity of the examination field, while insufficient tear production may exacerbate dryness of the ocular surface, further causing eye discomfort and even affecting the accuracy of examination results.

[0004] Furthermore, postoperative patients may experience involuntary eye movements due to pain, anxiety, or other factors. Traditional devices lack adequate safety mechanisms and struggle to react quickly in emergencies, failing to prevent potential eye damage from the instruments. Moreover, the disconnect between examination and post-operative care necessitates additional specialized care using other equipment after the examination, increasing the burden on patients, prolonging overall treatment time, and reducing medical efficiency. These issues collectively hinder the quality and efficiency of postoperative ophthalmic care, necessitating an integrated device that combines accurate examination, safety support, and post-operative care. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support includes an eye shield frame, a tightening strap, and a housing. Examination bases are fixedly mounted at both ends of the eye shield frame. Matching examination modules are slidably mounted on the inner ends of the examination bases. Eyelid retractors are fixedly mounted on the outer ends of the examination modules. Each eyelid retractor includes an upper eyelid support and a lower eyelid support that match the eyelids. The tightening strap is fixedly connected to both ends of the eye shield frame and forms a ring structure. A pair of miniature electric push rods are fixedly mounted on the inner end of the housing, and the output ends of the miniature electric push rods are fixedly connected to the examination modules. A control module is integrated on the eye shield frame and electrically connected to a backend terminal. An eye movement detection module and a tear film monitoring module are integrated on the examination bases. Pressure detection modules are integrated on both the upper and lower eyelid supports.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, both the upper and lower eyelid supports include a frame. An arc-shaped silicone support pad is fixedly connected to the inner side of the frame. An SMA drive expander is embedded in the inner side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad. The SMA drive expander undergoes a preset deformation at 32-36°C to generate radial support force. Since the temperature of the human eye is around 35°C, the SMA drive expander can be directly driven by the eye temperature. Under the fulcrum of the frame, the arc-shaped silicone support pad drives the eyelid to open. Alternatively, it can be driven... The deformation of the SMA-driven retractor is electrically controlled by circuit heating. This method allows for precise control of the deformation of the SMA-driven retractor, thereby better controlling the eyelid opening action. The arc-shaped silicone support pad has a cavity on the side near the eyelid, and a contact airbag is embedded in the cavity. A pair of pneumatic adjusters are fixedly installed on the outer end of the shell. The pneumatic adjusters can precisely adjust the inflation degree of the contact airbag, thereby adjusting the contact pressure between the arc-shaped silicone support pad and the eyelid, avoiding excessive pressure during opening and preventing damage to the patient's eye.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pneumatic regulator includes a miniature air pump. An air inlet pipe is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the miniature air pump, and the air outlet of the miniature air pump is connected to the contact airbag through a silicone hose. A filter unit is detachably installed inside the air inlet pipe, and a semiconductor cooling element is fixedly installed at the outer end of the air inlet pipe. The miniature air pump can draw in outside air and filter it through the filter unit to ensure the cleanliness of the gas. It can also cool the air through the semiconductor cooling element to give it low-temperature characteristics, which is convenient for subsequent cooling of the SMA drive spreader.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator is embedded in the side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad away from the eyelid, and a liquid aspirator is detachably installed at the end of the lower eyelid support away from the eyelid. The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator has a dual function: the high-frequency vibration of 50-100Hz is used to simulate the natural blinking frequency, which can not only maintain the basic tear secretion and help alleviate postoperative dry eye, but also promote the uniform distribution of tears. In addition, excess tears can be collected in time by the liquid aspirator to avoid affecting the examination quality of the examination module. The low-frequency vibration of 1-5Hz is used to relieve orbicularis oculi muscle spasm and enhance interstitial fluid return. Postoperative patients often have muscle tension due to pain. This micro-vibration is equivalent to physical therapy and is particularly suitable for assisting the endothelial pump function after corneal transplantation.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the aspirator includes an aspiration hole located at the center of the upper end of the lower eyelid support. A collection capsule is detachably installed on the lower eyelid support away from the eyelid. A suction tube is connected to the upper end of the collection capsule and extends to the aspiration hole. Excess tears can be collected through the aspiration hole and then temporarily collected through the collection capsule to avoid contaminating other areas. The suction tube is used to aspirate tears within a certain distance.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, an emergency pressure relief valve is installed on the contact airbag, and the emergency pressure relief valve is connected to the SMA drive expander. A nozzle is fixedly installed at the lower end of the SMA drive expander along the direction close to the eyelid. When an emergency requires pausing the inspection, the contact airbag can be quickly deflated through the emergency pressure relief valve to reduce the contact pressure between the arc-shaped silicone support pad and the eyelid. The gas can also directly enter the SMA drive expander to cool it down, allowing the SMA drive expander to quickly return to its initial shape and no longer support the eyelid. In addition, when the gas is sprayed out through the nozzle towards the inner side of the eyelid, it can not only clean up tears and foreign objects, allowing tears to be quickly collected by the aspirator, but also use the reaction force of the gas spray to deform the arc-shaped silicone support pad and move it away from the eyelid. Compared with controlling the miniature electric push rod to shorten it, it has a faster response speed, and the cold airflow also has a certain analgesic effect when it blows towards the eye.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the SMA drive expander includes an isolation pad, on which multiple shape memory alloy wires are installed along the eyelid opening direction. A serpentine cooling tube is arranged around the shape memory alloy wires, and the two ends of the serpentine cooling tube are respectively connected to a nozzle and an emergency pressure relief valve. The shape memory alloy wires generate a contraction force under the driving effect of temperature, which then acts on the isolation pad, driving the arc-shaped silicone support pad to perform an opening action. The serpentine cooling tube quickly cools the shape memory alloy wires when the cold air passes by, and then sprays them out through the emergency pressure relief valve.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a flexible bionic support strip is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the arc-shaped silicone support pad. The flexible bionic support strip includes an outer contact sleeve, and a flexible bionic skeleton is embedded in the inner side of the outer contact sleeve. The flexible bionic skeleton includes multiple built-in links, and the built-in links are connected by micro-hinges. A spring plunger is fixedly connected between the built-in links and the arc-shaped silicone support pad. Due to the irregularity of the eyelid contour, each built-in link will generate different compression amounts according to the curvature of the eyelid surface through the spring plunger below it, so that the entire support automatically "fits" to the physiological curve of the eyelid. By imitating the flexible joint, it can flexibly and adaptively fit the eyelid, realizing multi-point, segmented flexible support, improving the adaptability to different eye shapes, avoiding the problem of excessive local pressure caused by uneven airbag pressure or mismatch of SMA drive, and providing better comfort.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a blinking simulator is also installed on the examination base. The blinking simulator includes a micro motor fixedly installed on the examination base. The output end of the micro motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. An elastic adhesive cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. An arc-shaped flexible patch is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the elastic adhesive cover. Compared with the high-frequency vibration of piezoelectric ceramics, which is a microscopic stimulation, the elastic adhesive cover can add a macroscopic, gentle stroking motion that simulates the natural blinking process, which can more effectively promote tear circulation and relieve dry eye. The arc-shaped flexible patch serves to protect the eyeball and is gentler. It upgrades static support and vibration stimulation into a dynamic, biomimetic physical therapy function, which can more effectively spread tears evenly on the corneal surface. The nursing effect for postoperative dry eye patients is far superior to simple vibration. At the same time, the gentle massage motion can better relieve orbicularis oculi muscle spasm.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inspection module includes an installation sleeve, an inspection unit is fixedly installed inside the installation sleeve, a transparent protective layer is fixedly installed at the end of the installation sleeve near the eyelid, and an annular shadowless light source is embedded at the outer end of the installation sleeve. The inspection unit includes one or more of a high-definition camera unit, an OCT scanning unit, and a multispectral imaging unit. The transparent protective layer is used to isolate the detection area to prevent contamination by external foreign objects, and the annular shadowless light source provides the light source required for the inspection. Combined with multispectral lesion identification and OCT scanning data, the quality of eye examination is improved.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0018] (1) This invention can achieve a deep integration of eye examination and postoperative care, breaking the limitation of the single function of traditional devices. Through the precise support of the SMA-driven expander, the tear regulation and muscle relaxation function of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, while completing the examination of eye structure and function, it can provide continuous nursing support for the eye characteristics of postoperative patients, reduce the trouble of patients switching between different devices, simplify the diagnosis and treatment process, and improve the overall diagnosis and treatment efficiency.

[0019] (2) This invention provides comprehensive protection for the patient's eye safety, from precise control of support force to rapid response to emergencies. The pneumatic regulator can adjust the contact pressure between the support structure and the eyelid in real time to avoid damage caused by excessive pressure; the eye movement detection and pressure detection modules continuously monitor the eye condition and can immediately trigger the protection mechanism once an abnormality is detected; the rapid action of components such as the emergency pressure relief valve can remove the device from the eye in the shortest possible time, effectively reducing the risk of accidents and making the patient feel safer during the examination.

[0020] (3) The intelligent design of this invention gives it good adaptability and flexibility, enabling personalized adjustments based on the different eye conditions and postoperative recovery stages of various patients. The coordinated work of the control module and various functional components allows for precise control of support strength, vibration frequency, examination parameters, etc., ensuring the reliability of examination results while meeting the postoperative care needs of different patients. This personalized treatment model not only improves the patient's medical experience but also provides medical staff with more convenient and efficient working tools, contributing to the improvement of postoperative ophthalmic treatment levels. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the inspection module of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper eyelid support and the lower eyelid support of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the upper or lower eyelid support member of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the SMA drive expander of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a split structural diagram of the flexible biomimetic support strip of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the blinking simulator of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0031] 1. Eye mask frame; 2. Fastening strap; 3. Outer shell; 4. Inspection base; 5. Eyelid retractor; 501. Upper eyelid support; 502. Lower eyelid support; 503. Frame; 504. Arc-shaped silicone support pad; 505. SMA-driven retractor; 5051. Isolation pad; 5052. Shape memory alloy wire; 5053. Serpentine cooling pipe; 5054. Emergency pressure relief valve; 506. Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator; 507. Contact airbag; 508. Nozzle; 509. Flexible bionic support bar; 5091. Outer contact sleeve; 5092. Internal chain link; 5093. Miniature hinge; 5094, spring plunger; 6, inspection module; 601, mounting sleeve; 602, inspection unit; 603, transparent protective layer; 604, ring-shaped shadowless light source; 7, miniature electric push rod; 8, pneumatic regulator; 801, miniature air pump; 802, air inlet pipe; 803, filter unit; 804, semiconductor cooling element; 9, liquid aspirator; 901, liquid suction hole; 902, collection capsule; 903, suction tube; 10, blinking simulator; 1001, miniature motor; 1002, rotating shaft; 1003, elastic fitting cover; 1004, arc-shaped flexible patch. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Please see Figures 1-6An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support includes an eye shield frame 1, a tightening strap 2, and a shell 3. Examination bases 4 are fixedly installed at both ends of the eye shield frame 1. A matching examination module 6 is slidably installed at the inner end of the examination base 4. An eyelid retractor 5 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the examination module 6. The eyelid retractor 5 includes an upper eyelid support 501 and a lower eyelid support 502 that match the eyelid. The tightening strap 2 is fixedly connected to both ends of the eye shield frame 1 and forms a ring structure. A pair of miniature electric push rods 7 are fixedly installed at the inner end of the shell 3, and the output ends of the miniature electric push rods 7 are fixedly connected to the examination module 6 respectively.

[0035] The eye mask frame 1 is made of lightweight medical-grade ABS plastic, its contour conforming to the physiological curves around the eyes on the human face. The left and right ends are fixed to the examination base 4 via an integrated injection molding process. The overall weight is controlled at 80-100g, ensuring structural strength while avoiding pressure on the head. The tightening strap 2 is a wide, elastic nylon strap with a skin-friendly cotton layer sewn inside. Both ends are fixed to the left and right ends of the eye mask frame 1 with rivets. The middle section of the strap has a Velcro adjustment structure, allowing for flexible adjustment of the tightness according to the patient's head circumference, ensuring stable wear and preventing marks. The outer shell 3 is made of flame-retardant polycarbonate and is installed at the rear end of the eye mask frame 1 via buckles. The interior forms a sealed chamber to house the miniature electric actuator 7, control module, and power supply components. Ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the outer shell to ensure the normal operation of the internal components.

[0036] Both the upper eyelid support 501 and the lower eyelid support 502 include a frame 503. An arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the frame 503. An SMA drive expander 505 is embedded in the inner side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504. The SMA drive expander 505 undergoes a preset deformation at 32-36℃ to generate radial support force. Since the temperature of the human eye is around 35℃, the SMA drive expander 505 can be directly driven by the temperature of the eye. Under the fulcrum of the frame 503, the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 drives the eyelid to open. Alternatively, the deformation of the SMA drive expander 505 can be electrically controlled by heating through a drive circuit. In this way, the deformation of the SMA drive expander 505 can be precisely controlled, thereby better controlling the eyelid opening action.

[0037] The frames 503 of the upper eyelid support 501 and the lower eyelid support 502 are made of titanium alloy and are laser-cut, possessing good elasticity and strength. They are fixedly connected to the outer end of the examination module 6 by bolts, and the connection position can be finely adjusted to adapt to different eye shapes. The arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 is injection molded from medical-grade liquid silicone, with an inner curvature consistent with the eyelid contour, and its surface is hydrophilic to reduce irritation to the eyelid skin.

[0038] The curved silicone support pad 504 has a cavity on the side near the eyelid, and a contact airbag 507 is embedded in the cavity. A pair of pneumatic adjusters 8 are fixedly installed on the outer end of the outer shell 3. The inflation degree of the contact airbag 507 can be precisely adjusted by the pneumatic adjusters 8, thereby adjusting the contact pressure between the curved silicone support pad 504 and the eyelid, so as to avoid excessive pressure when it is opened, which may cause damage to the patient's eye.

[0039] The pneumatic regulator 8 includes a miniature air pump 801. An air inlet pipe 802 is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the miniature air pump 801, and the air outlet of the miniature air pump 801 is connected to the contact airbag 507 through a silicone hose. A filter unit 803 is detachably installed inside the air inlet pipe 802, and a semiconductor cooling element 804 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the air inlet pipe 802. The miniature air pump 801 can draw in outside air and filter it through the filter unit 803 to ensure the cleanliness of the air. It can also cool the air through the semiconductor cooling element 804 to give it low-temperature characteristics, which is convenient for subsequent cooling of the SMA drive spreader 505.

[0040] The contact airbag 507 is made of ultra-thin medical latex material, 0.1mm thick, with excellent elasticity and sealing performance. It is connected to the pneumatic regulator 8 via a micro silicone tube. The pneumatic regulator 8's micro air pump 801 is a micro diaphragm pump with a rated power of 5W and noise ≤30dB. The air intake pipe 802 is made of PVC, and the filter unit 803 can be detachably installed on the inside via clips. The filter unit 803 consists of an activated carbon layer and a HEPA filter, which can filter dust, bacteria, and odors from the air. The semiconductor cooling element 804 is a thermoelectric element, attached to the outer end of the air intake pipe 802. Through the Peltier effect, it can cool the intake air to 20-25℃ to meet cooling requirements.

[0041] The examination module 6 includes a mounting sleeve 601, an examination unit 602 is fixedly mounted inside the mounting sleeve 601, a transparent protective layer 603 is fixedly mounted near the end of the mounting sleeve 601 close to the eyelid, and a ring-shaped shadowless light source 604 is embedded in the outer end of the mounting sleeve 601. The examination unit 602 includes one or more of a high-definition camera unit, an OCT scanning unit, and a multispectral imaging unit. The transparent protective layer 603 is used to isolate the examination area to prevent contamination by foreign objects. The ring-shaped shadowless light source 604 provides the light source required for the examination. Combined with multispectral lesion identification and OCT scanning data, the quality of eye examination is improved.

[0042] The inspection unit 602 can be configured with a high-definition camera unit (1080P resolution, 30 frames / second), an OCT scanning unit (10μm axial resolution), or a multispectral imaging unit (400-1000nm spectral range), depending on requirements. Multiple units can also be integrated for joint detection. The transparent protective layer 603 is made of high-transmittance quartz glass and is fitted into the mounting sleeve 601 near the eyelid using a food-grade silicone sealing ring. This isolates external contaminants without affecting the optical detection path. The annular shadowless light source 604 consists of 12 high-brightness LED beads, evenly distributed in the annular groove at the outer end of the mounting sleeve 601. The LED beads use a 5500K natural light color temperature, and a diffuser is used to homogenize the light, preventing glare from affecting the detection.

[0043] The eye mask frame 1 integrates a control module, which is electrically connected to the back-end terminal. The inspection base 4 integrates an eye movement detection module and a tear monitoring module. The upper eyelid support 501 and the lower eyelid support 502 both integrate pressure detection modules. They monitor eye movements at a sampling frequency of 100Hz. When a sudden eye movement velocity >30° / s or amplitude >15° is detected, an automatic protection command is immediately triggered, that is, each component returns to its state before detection and separates from the eyelid. Most importantly, it controls the emergency pressure relief valve 5054 to open. The tear monitoring module detects the tear secretion status in real time through a humidity sensor and then controls the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506. The pressure detection module is used to detect the contact pressure between the upper eyelid support 501 and the lower eyelid support 502 and the eyelid, thereby controlling the miniature electric push rod 7 and the pneumatic regulator 8 to avoid excessive pressure.

[0044] It should be noted that the control module uses an STM32H743 microcontroller, integrated into a sealed cavity inside the eye mask frame 1, and connected to each actuator via a flexible ribbon cable. The control module has a built-in Bluetooth 5.0 module, enabling wireless communication with backend terminals such as computers and tablets for parameter setting, status monitoring, and command transmission. The eye movement detection module is an infrared eye-tracking sensor installed inside the examination base 4, with a sampling frequency of 100Hz, capable of real-time monitoring of eye movement parameters. The tear film monitoring module is a miniature humidity sensor embedded in the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 of the lower eyelid support 502, used to detect tear secretion. The pressure detection module is a thin-film pressure sensor installed between the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 and the frame 503 of the upper and lower eyelid supports 501 and 502, respectively, and at the inner area of ​​the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 corresponding to the contact airbag 507, used to monitor contact pressure in two directions. All sensor data is transmitted to the control module in real time as the basis for adjusting the actions of each component.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Based on Example 1, a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506 is embedded in the side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 away from the eyelid, and a liquid aspirator 9 is detachably installed at the end of the lower eyelid support 502 away from the eyelid. The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506 has a dual function: the high-frequency vibration of 50-100Hz is used to simulate the natural blinking frequency, which can not only maintain the basic tear secretion and help relieve postoperative dry eye, but also promote the uniform distribution of tears. In addition, excess tears can be collected in time by the liquid aspirator 9 to avoid affecting the examination quality of the examination module 6. The low-frequency vibration of 1-5Hz is used to relieve orbicularis oculi muscle spasm and enhance interstitial fluid return. Postoperative patients often have muscle tension due to pain. This micro-vibration is equivalent to physical therapy and is particularly suitable for endothelial pump function assistance after corneal transplantation.

[0047] The aspirator 9 includes an aspiration hole 901 located at the center of the upper end of the lower eyelid support 502. A collection capsule 902 is detachably installed on the end of the lower eyelid support 502 away from the eyelid. A suction tube 903 is connected to the upper end of the collection capsule 902 and extends to the aspiration hole 901. Excess tears can be collected through the aspiration hole 901 and then temporarily collected through the collection capsule 902 to avoid contaminating other areas. The suction tube 903 is used to aspirate tears within a certain distance.

[0048] The piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506 is a PZT piezoelectric ceramic sheet with a thickness of 0.5mm. It is attached to the center of the curved silicone support pad 504 on the side away from the eyelid using thermally conductive silicone. Its lead wire passes through the frame 503 and connects to the control module. It can generate high-frequency vibration of 50-100Hz or low-frequency vibration of 1-5Hz under the action of control signal. The suction hole 901 of the aspirator 9 is made of medical-grade stainless steel with a diameter of 0.8mm. It is located at the center of the upper end of the lower eyelid support 502, and the edges are rounded to avoid scratching the eye. The collection capsule 902 is made of transparent polyethylene with a capacity of 5ml. It is detachably connected to the end of the lower eyelid support 502 away from the eyelid via threads. The suction tube 903 is a medical silicone tube, with one end inserted into the suction hole 901 and the other end extending to the bottom of the collection capsule 902.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] Based on embodiments 1 and 2, an emergency pressure relief valve 5054 is installed on the contact airbag 507, and the emergency pressure relief valve 5054 is connected to the SMA drive expander 505. A nozzle 508 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the SMA drive expander 505 along the direction close to the eyelid. When an emergency occurs and the inspection needs to be paused, the contact airbag 507 can be quickly deflated through the emergency pressure relief valve 5054 to reduce the contact pressure between the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 and the eyelid, and the gas can directly enter the SMA drive expander 505. Cooling the eyelid allows the SMA-driven expander 505 to quickly return to its initial shape and stop supporting it. In addition, when the gas is sprayed into the inner eyelid through the nozzle 508, it can not only clear away tears and foreign objects, but also allow the tears to be quickly collected by the aspirator 9. At the same time, the reaction force of the gas spray causes the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 to deform and move away from the eyelid. Compared with shortening by controlling the micro electric push rod 7, it has a faster response speed, and the cold airflow also has a certain analgesic effect when it blows into the eye.

[0051] The emergency pressure relief valve 5054 is a miniature electromagnetic pressure relief valve, installed in the pipeline between the contact airbag 507 and the serpentine cooling pipe 5053, and connected to the serpentine cooling pipe 5053 of the SMA drive expander 505. Its control end is electrically connected to the control module, and it can quickly open when a protection command is triggered to relieve pressure on the contact airbag 507. The nozzle 508 is made of polyoxymethylene, is flat, and is located at the lower end of the SMA drive expander 505 near the eyelid. It has a diameter of 0.3 mm and is tilted at 30°, which can direct the cooling airflow towards the inner side of the eyelid.

[0052] The SMA drive expander 505 includes an isolation pad 5051. Multiple shape memory alloy wires 5052 are installed on the isolation pad 5051 along the eyelid opening direction. A serpentine cooling tube 5053 is arranged around the shape memory alloy wires 5052, and the two ends of the serpentine cooling tube 5053 are respectively connected to a nozzle 508 and an emergency pressure relief valve 5054. The shape memory alloy wires 5052 generate a contraction force under the driving effect of temperature, which then acts on the isolation pad 5051, driving the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 to perform an opening action. The serpentine cooling tube 5053 quickly cools down the shape memory alloy wires 5052 when the cold air passes by, and then sprays out through the emergency pressure relief valve 5054.

[0053] The isolation pad 5051 is made of high-temperature resistant silicone and its shape matches the inner side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504. Five 0.3mm diameter nickel-titanium alloy shape memory alloy wires 5052 are evenly embedded on it along the direction of eyelid opening. The alloy wires have undergone pre-deformation treatment and can generate a preset radial support force at 32-36℃. The serpentine cooling tube 5053 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and has a diameter of 0.5mm. It is tightly wound around the shape memory alloy wires 5052, and its two ends are sealed to the nozzle 508 and the emergency pressure relief valve 5054, respectively, for rapid conduction of cold airflow.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] Please see Figure 7 Based on Example 3, when the SMA drive expander 505 adopts an electronic control method, its structure is improved by adding a heating component, a temperature detection component, and a drive control component. Together with the original isolation pad 5051, shape memory alloy wire 5052, and serpentine cooling pipe 5053, it forms a closed-loop control system. The heating component uses a flexible nickel-chromium alloy heating sheet with a thickness of 0.1mm, which is wrapped in a "U" shape on the outside of each shape memory alloy wire 5052. It is bonded to the alloy wire with thermally conductive silicone to ensure efficient heat conduction. The heating element has a rated power of 0.5W / piece and an operating voltage of 3.3V. Its heat output can be adjusted via current. The insulation layer is a 0.05mm thick polyimide film wrapped around the heating element to prevent short circuits between the heating element and the isolation pad 5051 or the serpentine cooling tube 5053, while also blocking excess heat from diffusing into the eye tissue. The temperature detection component is a miniature temperature sensor, which can be an NTC thermistor (0.5×0.5mm). It is directly attached to the midpoint of each shape memory alloy wire 5052 using high-temperature adhesive for real-time temperature monitoring of the alloy wire. The temperature sensor measures 25-50℃ with an accuracy of ±0.5℃. The output resistance signal is converted and transmitted to the control module. The drive control component is integrated into the peripheral circuit of the STM32H743 control module. It consists of a MOSFET IRLML2502 and an operational amplifier LM358. Its function is to receive the PWM pulse width modulation signal from the control module and adjust the power supply current of the heating element from 0-500mA to achieve precise control of the heating power. The feedback adjustment unit consists of an A / D converter, which converts the resistance signal of the temperature sensor into a digital signal and feeds it back to the control module in real time to form a closed-loop temperature control.

[0056] The core of the SMA drive expander 505's electronic control system is to precisely control the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire 5052, causing it to undergo adjustable deformation, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the eyelid opening force. The specific process is as follows:

[0057] Medical staff set the corresponding alloy wire deformation for the eyelid opening force through the back-end terminal. The STM32H743 control module calculates the target temperature based on the preset "temperature-deformation" correspondence and the pre-stored calibration experiment. For example, the target temperature is 32℃ when the eyelid needs to be slightly opened and 36℃ when it is fully opened. The module then sends the initial PWM signal to the drive circuit 5057.

[0058] The drive circuit controls the conduction time of the MOSFET according to the PWM signal, and adjusts the power supply current of the heating element: when the current increases, the heating element generates more heat, and the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy wire 5052 through the thermally conductive silicone, causing its temperature to rise; conversely, when the current decreases, the temperature drops.

[0059] Meanwhile, a miniature temperature sensor detects the temperature of the alloy wire in real time. The feedback signal is converted by an A / D converter and then transmitted to the control module. The control module compares the actual temperature with the target temperature and dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal through a PID algorithm to ensure that the temperature of the shape memory alloy wire 5052 is stable within ±0.3℃ of the target value.

[0060] When the temperature rises to 32-36℃, the shape memory alloy wire 5052 undergoes a preset deformation due to the austenitic phase transformation, shrinking and straightening from a relaxed bent state, generating radial support force. Under the transmission action of the isolation pad 5051, this force drives the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 to open outward, causing the upper eyelid support 501 and the lower eyelid support 502 to open the upper and lower eyelids respectively.

[0061] Since temperature and deformation are linearly related, the control module can precisely control the shrinkage of the alloy wire by adjusting the temperature, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the stretching force.

[0062] When it is necessary to reduce the opening force or reset, the control module reduces the duty cycle of the PWM signal or even shuts off the heating. At the same time, it can activate the semiconductor cooling element 804 in conjunction with the pneumatic regulator 8, allowing cold air at 20-25°C to pass through the serpentine cooling tube 5053, accelerating the cooling of the shape memory alloy wire 5052. When the temperature drops below 32°C, the alloy wire returns to a relaxed bent state due to the martensitic phase transformation, the supporting force disappears, and the eyelid closes under its own elasticity, completing the reset.

[0063] The control module has a preset temperature limit of 40℃. When the temperature sensor 5056 detects that the temperature of the alloy wire exceeds the limit, it immediately cuts off the power supply to the heating element and starts the serpentine cooling pipe 5053 for forced cooling to avoid burns to the eye tissue caused by high temperature. At the same time, combined with the feedback from the pressure detection module, if the contact pressure exceeds the threshold of 2N, the target temperature is automatically reduced to reduce the support force, forming a double safety protection.

[0064] Compared with Example 3, the electronic control method of SMA drive retractor 505 can realize precise and digital control of eyelid retraction action, which can not only adapt to the eye conditions of different patients, but also meet the safety care needs of fragile eyes after surgery, significantly improving the applicability and safety of the device.

[0065] Example 5:

[0066] Please see Figure 8 A flexible bionic support strip 509 is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504. The flexible bionic support strip 509 includes an outer contact sleeve 5091, and a flexible bionic skeleton is embedded in the inner side of the outer contact sleeve 5091. The flexible bionic skeleton includes multiple built-in links 5092, and the built-in links 5092 are connected by micro-hinges 5093. A spring plunger 5094 is fixedly connected between the built-in links 5092 and the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504. Due to the irregularity of the eyelid contour, each built-in... Link 5092 generates different compression amounts through the spring plunger 5094 below it according to the curvature of the eyelid surface, so that the entire support automatically "fits" to the physiological curve of the eyelid. By mimicking a flexible joint, it can flexibly and adaptively fit the eyelid, achieving multi-point and segmented flexible support. This improves the adaptability to different eye shapes, especially irregular eyelids caused by postoperative swelling, and avoids the problem of excessive local pressure caused by uneven airbag pressure or mismatch of SMA drive, resulting in better comfort.

[0067] The outer contact sleeve 5091 is made of medical-grade liquid silicone, which has excellent biocompatibility, softness, and elasticity. Its outer surface has been treated with a matte finish and a hydrophilic coating to reduce friction and irritation to the eyelid skin, providing a soft and smooth contact surface as the outermost layer in contact with the eyelid. Its interior has a hollow structure to accommodate and protect the internal biomimetic skeleton.

[0068] The built-in link 5092 is made of high-strength, lightweight medical-grade titanium alloy or carbon fiber composite material, ensuring structural strength while minimizing weight. The miniature hinge 5093 is made of medical-grade stainless steel or nickel-titanium alloy, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue strength.

[0069] Composed of multiple independent built-in links 5092 connected by micro-hinges 5093, it forms a multi-degree-of-freedom flexible structure similar to a spine or finger joint, constituting the core skeleton of the support bar and providing a deformable support base. The multi-link hinge design allows it to bend flexibly in all directions to adapt to the complex contours of the eyelid.

[0070] The spring plunger 5094 has a stainless steel plunger rod and a medical-grade stainless steel compression spring. A thin silicone sleeve covers the plunger to prevent direct contact between the metal and skin or electrochemical corrosion with other components. One or more, preferably two, spring plungers 5094 are fixedly connected to the lower part of each internal link 5092, arranged symmetrically. The lower end of the plunger is fixedly connected to the outer end face of the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504, which is the key actuator for achieving adaptive fit. Each plunger can extend and retract independently, and its internal spring provides stable, quantifiable support force. When the support strip contacts the eyelid, each plunger compresses to varying degrees according to the curvature and height of the eyelid surface at the corresponding location, thereby driving the corresponding internal link 5092 to rise and fall. Ultimately, the surface contour of the entire outer contact sleeve 5091 is automatically "replicated" and fitted onto the physiological curve of the eyelid.

[0071] Example 6:

[0072] Please see Figure 9 The examination base 4 is also equipped with a blinking simulator 10. The blinking simulator 10 includes a micro motor 1001 fixedly installed on the examination base 4. The output end of the micro motor 1001 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 1002. An elastic adhesive cover 1003 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 1002. An arc-shaped flexible patch 1004 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the elastic adhesive cover 1003. Compared with the high-frequency vibration of piezoelectric ceramics, which is a microscopic stimulation, the elastic adhesive cover 1003 can add a macroscopic, gentle stroking motion that simulates the natural blinking process, which can more effectively promote tear circulation and relieve dry eye. The arc-shaped flexible patch 1004 serves to protect the eyeball with a gentler force. It upgrades static support and vibration stimulation into a dynamic, biomimetic physical therapy function, which can more effectively spread tears evenly on the corneal surface. The nursing effect for postoperative dry eye patients is far better than simple vibration. At the same time, the gentle massage motion can better relieve orbicularis oculi muscle spasm.

[0073] The micro motor 1001 is a micro stepper motor or a brushless DC motor with a gearbox. A stepper motor is preferred because it offers precise angle control, allowing for arbitrary angle stops within the 0-180 degree range. The motor has a rated voltage of 3.3V or 5V, and sufficient torque to drive the elastic adhesive cover 1003, serving as the power source for blinking. The control module precisely controls the motor's rotation angle and speed by sending pulse signals, thus simulating blinks of different frequencies and amplitudes. The rotating shaft 1002 is made of medical-grade stainless steel or titanium alloy, with a polished surface to ensure smooth rotation. The elastic adhesive cover 1003 is made of medical-grade silicone or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), possessing excellent elasticity and softness, and is shaped like an arc, with one end fixedly wrapped around the rotating shaft 1002. When the pivot 1002 rotates, the elastic adhesive cover 1003 swings accordingly, its free end gently stroking the surface of the eyeball from above or the side. Its curved design and soft material allow it to mimic the natural drooping and lifting motion of the upper eyelid during swinging, providing a gentle, full-coverage "wiping" motion across the eyeball surface. The curved flexible patch 1004, made of ultra-soft medical-grade silicone or hydrogel, possesses extremely high hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. Extremely thin at 0.5-1mm, it is adhered to the lower surface of the elastic adhesive cover 1003—the side in contact with the eyeball—using medical adhesive, serving as a protective layer directly in contact with the eyeball surface. Its ultra-soft texture ensures extremely gentle contact, avoiding any potential damage to the corneal epithelium. Simultaneously, its hydrophilic surface helps to hold and evenly distribute tears.

[0074] Working principle:

[0075] During use, the patient wears the eye examination device and adjusts the tightness to a suitable level using the strap 2 to ensure that the eye shield frame 1 fits stably against the face. The back-end terminal issues a start command through the control module. Upon receiving the signal, the miniature electric push rod 7 extends and pushes the examination module 6 along the slide rail of the examination base 4 toward the eye until the upper eyelid support 501 and lower eyelid support 502 of the eyelid retractor 5 are aligned with the upper and lower eyelids, respectively.

[0076] At this point, the SMA-driven expander 505 begins to operate: if driven by human body temperature, the temperature around the eyes (around 35°C) causes the nickel-titanium alloy shape memory wire 5052 to undergo a preset deformation. Under the fulcrum of the frame 503, the insulating pad 5051 drives the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 to generate radial support force, thus opening the eyelid. If precise control is required, the control module can heat the shape memory wire 5052 through the drive circuit to adjust its deformation and control the degree of expansion. Simultaneously, the pneumatic regulator 8 is activated, and the micro air pump 801 draws in outside air through the air inlet pipe 802, filters it through the filter unit 803, and sends it into the contact airbag 507. The control module adjusts the inflation volume of the micro air pump 801 based on the contact pressure data fed back by the pressure detection module, ensuring that the contact airbag 507 reaches the appropriate inflation level, ensuring that the pressure between the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 and the eyelid is moderate and avoiding damage.

[0077] During the process of opening the eyelids, the flexible bionic support strip 509 begins to function, with its outer contact sleeve 5091 initially contacting the eyelids. Due to the irregularity of the eyelid contour, the spring plungers 5094 located at different positions experience varying pressures, resulting in different amounts of compression. This causes the flexible bionic skeleton, composed of built-in links 5092 and micro-hinges 5093, to adaptively deform, driving the outer contact sleeve 5091 to automatically conform to the physiological curve of the eyelid, achieving a perfect fit for irregular eye shapes such as postoperative swelling. Subsequently, the SMA-driven expander 505 precisely applies the opening force under control, while the pneumatic regulator 8 further fine-tunes the pressure of the contact airbag 507, working in conjunction with the flexible support strip to ensure uniform, comfortable, and safe support.

[0078] After the inspection module 6 is started, the ring shadowless light source 604 is lit to provide uniform illumination. The inspection unit 602 inspects the eye through the transparent protective layer 603. The high-definition camera unit acquires images of the eye surface, the OCT scanning unit obtains tomographic data of the eye tissue, and the multispectral imaging unit captures lesion information under different spectra. The detection data is transmitted to the back-end terminal for processing and analysis via the control module.

[0079] During the examination, the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506 operates based on feedback from the tear monitoring module: when insufficient tear secretion is detected, it generates a 50-100Hz high-frequency vibration to simulate the natural blinking frequency, promoting tear secretion and even distribution; when orbicularis oculi muscle spasm is detected, it generates a 1-5Hz low-frequency vibration to relieve muscle tension. Excess tears enter the suction tube 903 through the suction hole 901 of the aspirator 9 and are ultimately collected in the collection capsule 902 to avoid affecting the examination.

[0080] Alternatively, the blink simulator 10 can be activated. The micro-motor 1001 rotates back and forth according to a preset program, such as 10-15 times per minute, simulating the natural blinking frequency. This rotation, via the rotating shaft 1002, drives the elastic adhesive cover 1003 to oscillate in an arc. The arc-shaped flexible patch 1004 then gently brushes across the surface of the eyeball, evenly distributing tears across the cornea. This method is more effective at relieving dry eye symptoms than the micro-vibrations of the piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 506. This macroscopic, dynamic physical therapy action also better relieves spasms of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

[0081] If the eye movement detection module detects a sudden eye movement velocity >30° / s or amplitude >15°, or the pressure detection module detects abnormal contact pressure, the control module immediately triggers an automatic protection command: the emergency pressure relief valve 5054 opens, and the gas in the contact airbag 507 is quickly discharged through the serpentine cooling tube 5053. On the one hand, this reduces the contact pressure, and on the other hand, the cold airflow cools the shape memory alloy wire 5052 through the serpentine cooling tube 5053, causing it to quickly return to its initial shape and stop eyelid support. At the same time, the gas is sprayed out through the nozzle 508 towards the inner side of the eyelid, clearing away tears and foreign objects, and using the reaction force to move the arc-shaped silicone support pad 504 away from the eyelid. The miniature electric push rod 7 retracts, driving the inspection module 6 to retract, and all components return to their pre-detection state, ensuring the safety of the patient's eyes.

[0082] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive.

[0083] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support, characterized in that: include: An eye mask frame (1) is provided, with examination bases (4) fixedly installed at both ends of the eye mask frame (1). A matching examination module (6) is slidably installed on the inner end of the examination base (4). An eyelid retractor (5) is fixedly installed on the outer end of the examination module (6). The eyelid retractor (5) includes an upper eyelid support (501) and a lower eyelid support (502) that match the eyelid. Both the upper eyelid support (501) and the lower eyelid support (502) include a frame (503). An arc-shaped silicone support pad (504) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the frame (503). An SMA-driven retractor (505) is embedded in the inner side of the arc-shaped silicone support pad (504). The arc-shaped silicone support pad (504) opens on the side closest to the eyelid. A cavity is provided, and a contact airbag (507) is embedded in the cavity. An emergency pressure relief valve (5054) is installed on the contact airbag (507), and the emergency pressure relief valve (5054) is connected to an SMA drive expander (505). A nozzle (508) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the SMA drive expander (505) along the direction close to the eyelid. The SMA drive expander (505) includes an isolation pad (5051). Multiple shape memory alloy wires (5052) are installed on the isolation pad (5051) along the eyelid opening direction. A serpentine cooling tube (5053) is provided around the shape memory alloy wire (5052), and the two ends of the serpentine cooling tube (5053) are connected to the nozzle (508) and the emergency pressure relief valve (5054) respectively. The tightening strap (2) is fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the eye mask frame (1) and forms a ring structure; The outer shell (3) has a pair of miniature electric push rods (7) fixedly installed at its inner end, and the output ends of the miniature electric push rods (7) are fixedly connected to the inspection module (6) respectively. The outer end of the outer shell (3) has a pair of pneumatic regulators (8) fixedly installed. The eye mask frame (1) integrates a control module, which is electrically connected to the back-end terminal. The examination base (4) integrates an eye movement detection module and a tear monitoring module. The upper eyelid support (501) and the lower eyelid support (502) both integrate pressure detection modules.

2. The eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic regulator (8) includes a miniature air pump (801), an air inlet pipe (802) is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the miniature air pump (801), and the air outlet of the miniature air pump (801) is connected to the contact airbag (507) through a silicone hose. A filter unit (803) is detachably installed inside the air inlet pipe (802), and a semiconductor cooling element (804) is fixedly installed at the outer end of the air inlet pipe (802).

3. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped silicone support pad (504) is fitted with a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator (506) on the side away from the eyelid, and the lower eyelid support (502) is detachably fitted with a suction device (9) on the end away from the eyelid.

4. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aspirator (9) includes an aspiration hole (901) located at the center of the upper end of the lower eyelid support (502). A collection capsule (902) is detachably installed on the lower eyelid support (502) away from the eyelid. A suction tube (903) is connected to the upper end of the collection capsule (902), and the suction tube (903) extends to the aspiration hole (901).

5. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end face of the arc-shaped silicone support pad (504) is fixedly connected to a flexible bionic support strip (509). The flexible bionic support strip (509) includes an outer contact sleeve (5091). A flexible bionic skeleton is inlaid and installed on the inner side of the outer contact sleeve (5091). The flexible bionic skeleton includes multiple built-in links (5092), and the built-in links (5092) are connected to each other by micro hinges (5093). A spring plunger (5094) is fixedly connected between the built-in links (5092) and the arc-shaped silicone support pad (504).

6. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection base (4) is also equipped with a blinking simulation component (10). The blinking simulation component (10) includes a micro motor (1001) fixedly installed on the inspection base (4). The output end of the micro motor (1001) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (1002). An elastic fitting cover (1003) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (1002). An arc-shaped flexible patch (1004) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the elastic fitting cover (1003).

7. An eye examination device with postoperative eyelid support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection module (6) includes an installation sleeve (601), an inspection unit (602) is fixedly installed inside the installation sleeve (601), a transparent protective layer (603) is fixedly installed at the end of the installation sleeve (601) near the eyelid, and a ring-shaped shadowless light source (604) is embedded at the outer end of the installation sleeve (601). The inspection unit (602) includes one or more of a high-definition camera unit, an OCT scanning unit, and a multispectral imaging unit.

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