Garbage pyrolysis treatment device and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to waste treatment technical field, specifically relates to a kind of waste pyrolysis waste gas treatment device and processing method thereof, this waste pyrolysis waste gas treatment device and processing method utilize the residual carbon of waste after pyrolysis in pyrolysis furnace is discharged into plasma deflagration furnace and is deflagrated, make it fast and pyrolysis gas generated in pyrolysis furnace together is fully combusted, to greatly reduce the dioxin in pyrolysis gas and other toxic and harmful gases.Utilize the harmful substances in tail gas of denitration desulfurization dust removal mechanism and activated carbon adsorber adsorption, reduce the harm of tail gas to environment.Activated carbon regeneration mechanism is designed to activate the waste carbon discharged by activated carbon adsorber and reuse, reduce the cost of purification;The heat contained in the tail gas discharged by plasma deflagration furnace provides the energy required for activation for activated carbon regeneration mechanism, pyrolysis furnace, reduces external energy demand, realizes multiple recycling of waste energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage pyrolysis treatment device and a treatment method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In addition to the traditional landfill and composting treatment, the current urban garbage recycling treatment also includes incineration treatment. Although the landfill technology needs to occupy land after preliminary sorting and recycling of part of the useful garbage, the landfill leachate inside will cause serious water pollution. The composting treatment method is relatively simple, which uses part of the substances inside the garbage for fermentation treatment, recovers the biogas produced by the organic matter and the biomass produced after the fermentation of the organic matter, but the source of the urban garbage in China is extensive, the composition is complex and variable, and there are a large number of components that cannot be fermented and degraded in the garbage, which leads to incomplete composting fermentation and easy secondary pollution. The incineration treatment is relatively simple, in order to recover the energy in the garbage, it is generally configured as garbage incineration cogeneration of heat and power, but such configuration has high investment and high requirements for equipment process management. At the same time, incineration can easily lead to large amount of flue gas treatment, and a perfect flue gas purification system needs to be equipped, which has high purification cost, especially the toxic and harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides, sulfides and dioxins in the flue gas, the investment of the flue gas purification system is very huge, and the treatment capacity is poor.

[0003] With the development of garbage treatment technology, the pyrolysis incineration method has less toxic and harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides, sulfides and dioxins in the tail gas due to the pyrolysis and then the full explosion, and the remaining residue after combustion is also relatively small, so the overall treatment cost is relatively low, therefore the pyrolysis incineration method is the new development direction of urban garbage treatment. Although the pyrolysis incineration method of garbage does not need to spend huge amount of money to build a large flue gas purification system like the incineration treatment method, the pyrolysis incineration method of garbage still produces a certain amount of harmful flue gas, and the current treatment of these flue gas mainly relies on ordinary desulfurization and denitrification equipment for purification, for example, the patent CN 113587104 A - a garbage pyrolysis waste gas purification system, although the patent can remove nitrogen oxides and sulfides in the flue gas, but it is difficult to remove polychlorinated aromatic compounds such as dioxins, therefore the industry generally uses activated carbon for adsorption. However, after using activated carbon for adsorption, the waste carbon production is large, and the staff needs to replace new activated carbon constantly, so the overall purification cost is high. At the same time, due to the structure setting problem of such pyrolysis incineration equipment, it is difficult to ensure that the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis incineration process can be fully combusted, so the content of harmful substances in the flue gas discharged is difficult to guarantee, which is not conducive to the later flue gas treatment. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In order to overcome one of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a waste pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device and a treatment method thereof, which improves the existing pyrolysis incineration equipment to reduce the content of harmful substances in the tail gas, effectively removes harmful substances in the tail gas, and fully utilizes the energy in the tail gas to activate activated carbon, thereby reducing the purification cost.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A waste pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device connected to a thermal cracking system,

[0007] The thermal cracking system comprises a thermal cracking furnace and a plasma deflagration furnace, the thermal cracking furnace is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet and an ash outlet, the top of the plasma deflagration furnace is communicated with the ash outlet, the gas outlet is communicated with the plasma deflagration furnace through a gas inlet pipeline, and the smoke outlet of the plasma deflagration furnace passes through the thermal cracking furnace and can exchange heat with the thermal cracking furnace; the plasma deflagration furnace has an air inlet;

[0008] The present waste pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device comprises:

[0009] A denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism is communicated at the area where the smoke exhaust pipeline passes out of the thermal cracking furnace;

[0010] An activated carbon adsorber is communicated with the output end of the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism; the activated carbon adsorber is provided with a carbon discharge end for discharging the spent activated carbon, and the exhaust end of the activated carbon adsorber is communicated with the outside;

[0011] An activated carbon reactivation mechanism is used for receiving and activating the spent carbon discharged from the carbon discharge end; the activated carbon reactivation mechanism can exchange heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace, the thermal cracking furnace and the area of the smoke exhaust pipeline between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism; the activated carbon reactivation mechanism can supply the activated activated carbon to the activated carbon adsorber; and the exhaust end of the activated carbon reactivation mechanism is unidirectionally connected with the plasma deflagration furnace.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the activated carbon regeneration mechanism comprises, in sequence, a drying tower, a high-temperature carbonization furnace and an activator, the drying tower is connected with the carbon discharge end, the activator is connected with the carbon inlet end of the activated carbon adsorber, the activator is connected with a water mist supplier, the drying tower exchanges heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace, the thermal cracking furnace and the exhaust pipe located in the region between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism, the high-temperature carbonization furnace exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace, the activator exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace or the exhaust pipe located in the region between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism, the water mist supplier exchanges heat with the exhaust pipe located in the region between the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism and the activated carbon adsorber, and the gas outlet ends of the drying tower, the high-temperature carbonization furnace and the activator are all connected with the plasma deflagration furnace through the exhaust pipe in one direction.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, the high-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a vacuum pumping device or an inert gas supplier.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the high-temperature carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, a rotating disc arranged on the bottom of the furnace body and a hollow auger arranged on the rotating disc, the furnace body is arranged outside the plasma deflagration furnace, a high-temperature carbonization space is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body and the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace, the bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace is rotatably arranged on the rotating disc, the hollow auger is coaxially arranged with the plasma deflagration furnace and is sleeved on the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace, and the furnace wall of the plasma deflagration furnace can exchange heat with the high-temperature carbonization space, the top or the upper side wall of the furnace body is connected with the discharge end of the drying tower, a plurality of material passing holes are arranged on the rotating disc, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a discharge outer cylinder, the discharge outer cylinder is connected with the feeding end of the activator, the top of the furnace body is connected with the exhaust pipe, and the gas inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe of the plasma deflagration furnace both pass through the side wall of the furnace body.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace is provided with a closable ash discharge inner pipe, and the ash discharge inner pipe passes through the furnace body.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the activator comprises a box, an air outlet channel arranged at the bottom of the box, and an air inlet channel arranged at the top of the box, the air outlet channel is connected with a blower, the air inlet end of the blower is connected with a protective gas supply mechanism, the air outlet channel exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace or the exhaust pipe located between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism, the air inlet channel is connected with a cyclone separator, the air outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with an air inlet fan, the air inlet fan is communicated with the exhaust pipe, the discharge port of the cyclone separator is communicated with the box through a screw feeder, the side of the box opposite to the screw feeder is provided with a discharge channel, the discharge channel is connected with a temporary storage tank, and the temporary storage tank is connected with the carbon inlet end of the activated carbon adsorber; and the output end of the water mist supply device is arranged in the box.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the water mist supply device comprises a heat exchange water tank, a water supply pump and two atomizing pipes which are sequentially communicated through water supply pipes, the heat exchange water tank exchanges heat with the exhaust pipe located between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism, and the two atomizing pipes are arranged in the form of a ring on the inner wall of the box, the water mists sprayed by the two atomizing pipes are both inclined downward to form water mist layers, and the water mist layers divide the internal space of the box.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, an air preheater is further arranged, the air preheater exchanges heat with the exhaust pipe located between the thermal cracking furnace and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism, and the air preheater supplies hot air to the air inlet of the plasma deflagration furnace.

[0019] In some possible embodiments, the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism comprises a denitration reactor, an electrostatic dust removal tower and a desulfurization tower which are sequentially communicated through pipelines, the denitration reactor is communicated with the exhaust pipe, the gas outlet end of the desulfurization tower is communicated with the activated carbon adsorber, the denitration reactor is connected with an ammonia gas supply device, and the pipeline between the denitration reactor and the electrostatic dust removal tower exchanges heat with the feed inlet of the thermal cracking furnace.

[0020] The application further provides a garbage thermal cracking waste gas treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] S10, the garbage is crushed and preheated, and then is transferred into a thermal cracking furnace for thermal cracking, the cracking gas and residual material decomposed by the thermal cracking furnace are sent into a plasma deflagration furnace, the plasma deflagration furnace ignites the cracking gas and residual material by cooperating with the heated air, so that the cracking gas and residual material are fully combusted, and the tail gas of the combustion exchanges heat with an air preheater, a heat exchange water tank, an activator and the like through an exhaust pipe, and the temperature of the tail gas is reduced.

[0022] S20, the cooled tail gas enters into a denitration reactor, and NOX in the tail gas reacts with ammonia supplied by an ammonia gas supplier to generate nitrogen under the action of a catalyst;

[0023] S30, the tail gas discharged from the denitration reactor is subjected to electrostatic precipitation after passing through an electrostatic precipitator;

[0024] S40, the tail gas after being precipitated by the electrostatic precipitator enters into a desulfurization tower to be desulfurized, and SO2 in the tail gas reacts with alkaline substances in the desulfurization tower to generate sulfates under the action of a catalyst;

[0025] S50, the tail gas after being desulfurized by the desulfurization tower enters into an activated carbon adsorber, and the activated carbon adsorber can remove dioxin and residual NOX and SO2 in the tail gas;

[0026] S60, the tail gas after being purified by the activated carbon adsorber is discharged outward through an induced draft equipment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present application improves the traditional thermal cracking system, and the residual carbon after the waste is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace is discharged into the plasma deflagration furnace to deflagrate, so that it is rapidly and fully combusted with the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace, thereby greatly reducing the toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin in the pyrolysis gas, and greatly reducing the damage of waste incineration to the environment. The overall equipment occupies a smaller space and has a low investment cost. At the same time, the high-temperature tail gas discharged from the plasma deflagration furnace is used for heat exchange of the pyrolysis furnace to ensure the required heat when the waste is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace. The desulfurization, denitration and dust removal mechanism is used to treat the tail gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace to reduce the content of harmful substances in the tail gas. The activated carbon adsorber is used to adsorb the harmful substances such as dioxin in the tail gas, which has a high purification rate and reduces the harm of the tail gas to the environment. The activated carbon reactivation mechanism is designed to reactivate and reuse the waste carbon discharged from the activated carbon adsorber, thereby reducing the purification cost. The heat contained in the plasma deflagration furnace, the pyrolysis furnace or the tail gas discharged from the plasma deflagration furnace provides the energy required for the activation of the activated carbon reactivation mechanism, thereby reducing the external energy demand and realizing multiple recycling of waste energy. In addition, the waste gas discharged from the activated carbon reactivation mechanism can provide combustible substances for the plasma deflagration furnace, thereby realizing multiple utilization of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the following embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an improved embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of a high-temperature carbonization furnace in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of an activator in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0036] Pyrolysis furnace 100, feed inlet 110, gas outlet 120, ash outlet 130, gas inlet pipeline 140;

[0037] Plasma deflagration furnace 200, flue gas pipeline 210;

[0038] Denitration, desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300, pipeline 310, denitration reactor 320, electrostatic precipitator 330, desulfurization tower 340, ammonia gas supplier 350;

[0039] Activated carbon adsorber 400;

[0040] Activated carbon regeneration and activation mechanism 500, drying tower 510, high-temperature carbonization furnace 520, furnace body 521, rotating disc 522, hollow auger 523, high-temperature carbonization space 524, material passing hole 525, material outlet outer cylinder 526, activator 530, box body 531, air outlet passage 532, air inlet passage 533, air blower 534, cyclone separator 535, air inlet fan 536, screw feeder 537, material outlet passage 538, temporary storage tank 539, water mist supplier 540, water supply pipeline 541, heat exchange water tank 542, water supply pump 543, atomizing pipe 544, vacuumizing equipment 550, exhaust pipe 560;

[0041] Air preheater 600. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more comprehensible, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 5The application discloses a waste pyrolysis exhaust treatment device, which is connected with a thermal cracking system, a denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300, an activated carbon adsorber 400 and an activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500. The thermal cracking system comprises a thermal cracking furnace 100 and a plasma deflagration furnace 200. The thermal cracking furnace 100 is provided with a feeding port 110, a gas outlet 120 and an ash outlet 130. The top of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is communicated with the ash outlet 130. The gas outlet 120 is communicated with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 through a gas inlet pipeline 140. The smoke outlet of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 passes through the thermal cracking furnace 100 through a smoke exhaust pipeline 210 and can exchange heat with the thermal cracking furnace 100. The plasma deflagration furnace 200 is provided with an air inlet. The denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300 is communicated with the region where the smoke exhaust pipeline 210 passes through the thermal cracking furnace 100. The activated carbon adsorber 400 is communicated with the output end of the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300. The activated carbon adsorber 400 is provided with a carbon discharge end for discharging the used activated carbon. The gas outlet end of the activated carbon adsorber 400 is communicated with the outside. The activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 is used for receiving and reactivating the waste carbon discharged from the carbon discharge end. The activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 can exchange heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace 200, the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the region of the smoke exhaust pipeline 210 between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300. The activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 can supply the activated activated carbon to the activated carbon adsorber 400. The gas outlet end of the activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 is unidirectionally connected with the plasma deflagration furnace 200.

[0044] The thermal cracking furnace 100 is a closed box or cauldron structure, which mainly utilizes the energy provided by the smoke exhaust pipeline 210 to perform thermal cracking. The plasma deflagration furnace 200 ionizes the gas, such as air, nitrogen, argon and the like, by a high-voltage power supply or a high-frequency electric field to form plasma. The plasma is the fourth state of matter, which is composed of free electrons, ions and neutral particles and has high energy and conductivity. The active particles in the plasma, such as O and OH free radicals, can accelerate the chain reaction, shorten the combustion delay time and reduce the incomplete combustion products, such as CO, carbon soot, dioxin and the like. In addition, the plasma disturbs the airflow, promotes the mixing of the fuel and the oxidant and avoids local high temperature or flameout. Therefore, the design of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 can effectively ensure that the thermal cracking residues falling from the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the air cooperating with the thermal cracking gas can be fully combusted, so that the harmful substances, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfides and dioxin, formed by incomplete combustion are greatly reduced.

[0045] In some possible embodiments, the waste pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device of the present application further comprises an air preheater 600, which exchanges heat with the exhaust gas pipeline 210 in the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300, and supplies hot air to the air inlet of the plasma deflagration furnace 200. The air preheater 600 is communicated with the air inlet, and can also effectively utilize the residual heat of the tail gas in the exhaust gas pipeline 210 to realize gradient utilization of energy.

[0046] Taking municipal solid waste as an example, the combustion temperature of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is about 850°C-1200°C, but the overall combustion temperature after plasma treatment is higher than 1200°C. Conventional substances are completely decomposed into synthesis gas by plasma, and the local temperature can reach 3000-5000°C, but the energy consumption is large. Therefore, the present application is intermittent and ionizes into plasma at multiple points. Therefore, the energy and temperature carried by the tail gas of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 are completely suitable for the required conditions of thermal cracking after entering the thermal cracking furnace 100. The temperature of conventional thermal cracking is about 300-1200°C, and the products are different at different temperatures. Since the substances in municipal solid waste are not clear, the thermal cracking temperature is as high as possible to ensure that the waste is completely thermally cracked. The temperature of the tail gas in the exhaust gas pipeline 210 is reduced to 800°C after heat exchange and absorption by the thermal cracking furnace 100. If the tail gas directly enters the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300, the working temperature of the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300 is 180-450°C, and the optimal reaction temperature of the traditional high-temperature SCR is about 350°C. Therefore, too high temperature can affect the internal catalyst, not only affecting the reaction efficiency, but also causing energy waste. Therefore, the present application also designs an air preheater 600 to absorb heat and further reduce the temperature of the tail gas.

[0047] The waste pyrolysis waste gas treatment device of the present application improves the traditional thermal cracking system, utilizes the residual carbon of the waste after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace to be discharged into the plasma deflagration furnace 200 to deflagrate, makes it quickly and fully burn with the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace, thereby greatly reduces the dioxin and other toxic and harmful gases in the pyrolysis gas, greatly reduces the damage of waste incineration to the environment, the overall equipment occupies a smaller space, and the investment cost is low. At the same time, the high-temperature tail gas discharged from the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is used for heat exchange of the thermal cracking furnace 100, to ensure the required heat of the waste pyrolysis in the thermal cracking furnace 100. The desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal mechanism 300 is used for desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal treatment of the tail gas discharged from the thermal cracking furnace 100, to reduce the harmful substance content in the tail gas; the activated carbon adsorber 400 is used for adsorbing the dioxin and other harmful substances in the tail gas, the purification rate is high, and the harm of the tail gas to the environment is reduced. The activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 is designed to reactivate and reuse the waste carbon discharged from the activated carbon adsorber 400, to reduce the purification cost; the heat contained in the tail gas discharged from the plasma deflagration furnace 200, the thermal cracking furnace 100 or the plasma deflagration furnace 200 provides the energy required for activation of the activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500, reduces the external energy demand, and realizes multiple recycling of waste energy. In addition, the waste gas discharged from the activated carbon reactivation mechanism 500 can provide combustible substances for the plasma deflagration furnace 200, to realize multiple utilization of energy.

[0048] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the denitrification and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300 includes a denitrification reactor 320, an electrostatic dust removal tower 330 and a desulfurization tower 340 which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline 310, the denitrification reactor 320 is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 210, the gas outlet end of the desulfurization tower 340 is communicated with the activated carbon adsorber 400, the denitrification reactor 320 is connected with an ammonia gas supplier 350, and the pipeline 310 between the denitrification reactor 320 and the electrostatic dust removal tower 330 is used for heat exchange with the feeding end of the thermal cracking furnace 100. Among them, the denitrification reactor is an SCR denitrification reactor, and the desulfurization tower 340 is a conventional dry desulfurization tower, both of which are used to adapt to the temperature of the tail gas. It should be noted that the temperature of the tail gas is reduced to 80-200℃ after passing through the desulfurization tower 340, at which time the tail gas can enter the activated carbon adsorber 400 for secondary purification.

[0049] Referring to Figures 2 to 3As shown, in order to better activate the activated carbon, the activated carbon activation mechanism 500 includes a drying tower 510, a high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 and an activator 530 which are sequentially and unidirectionally communicated. The drying tower 510 is connected with the carbon discharging end, the activator 530 is connected with the carbon inlet end of the activated carbon adsorber 400, the activator 530 is connected with a water mist supplier 540, the drying tower 510 exchanges heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace 200, the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the exhaust gas pipeline 210 located in the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace 200, and the activator 530 exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 or the exhaust gas pipeline 210 located in the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300; the water mist supplier 540 exchanges heat with the exhaust gas pipeline 210 located in the region between the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300 and the activated carbon adsorber 400, and the gas outlet ends on the drying tower 510, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 and the activator 530 are unidirectionally communicated with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 through an exhaust pipe 560.

[0050] The drying tower 510 is mainly used to remove the moisture contained in the spent activated carbon, and the required temperature is relatively low. Therefore, the drying tower 510 is preferably used for heat exchange with the exhaust pipe 210 in the region between the pyrolysis furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300. Further, the drying tower 510 can also be used for heat exchange with the denitration reactor 320 and the desulfurization tower 340, because the actual desulfurization and denitration processes are exothermic reactions. At this time, in order to ensure the activity of the catalysts in the denitration reactor 320 and the desulfurization tower 340, the denitration reactor 320 and the desulfurization tower 340 need to be temperature-controlled, especially the denitration reactor 320. At this time, the drying tower 510 only needs to be used for heat exchange with one of the above two, especially the denitration reactor 320. The high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 requires a temperature of at least 800-900°C. Therefore, only the plasma explosion furnace 200 and the pyrolysis furnace 100 can meet the above-mentioned heat requirements. In order to avoid reducing the temperature and energy source of the pyrolysis furnace 100, ensure the cracking efficiency and quality, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 is only used for heat exchange with the plasma explosion furnace 200. The high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 can make a part of the organic matter adsorbed on the activated carbon boil, vaporize and desorb, a part of the organic matter decompose to generate small molecule hydrocarbon and desorb, and the residual components remain in the pores of the activated carbon as “fixed carbon”. Because the temperature in the plasma explosion furnace 200 is higher than 1000°C, the organic matter such as dioxin adsorbed on the activated carbon can be completely pyrolyzed at high temperature, and the time of the activated carbon in the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 is much longer than 2s. Therefore, the organic matter such as dioxin can be completely cracked into combustible gas and carbon, which can effectively remove the organic matter such as dioxin adsorbed on the activated carbon. Therefore, in order to avoid oxidation of the activated carbon, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 is generally operated under vacuum or inert atmosphere. The high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 is connected with a vacuum pumping device 550 or an inert gas supplier. In this application, the vacuum pumping mode is preferred.

[0051] The activator 530 is mainly used to eliminate the substances in the internal micropores. The water mist supplier 540 provides water mist, which reacts with the substances in the internal micropores at high temperature to produce water gas. The substances in the internal micropores are mainly carbon. At this time, the substances in the internal micropores of the activated carbon can be eliminated, and the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon can be restored.

[0052] Referring to Figure 4As shown, in order to better utilize the heat of the plasma deflagration furnace 200, and also to better heat the activated carbon to decompose the substances adsorbed by the activated carbon, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 includes a furnace body 521, a rotating disc 522 arranged on the bottom of the furnace body 521, and a hollow auger 523 arranged on the rotating disc 522. The furnace body 521 is arranged outside the plasma deflagration furnace 200, and a high-temperature carbonization space 524 is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body 521 and the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace 200. The bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is rotatably arranged on the rotating disc 522. The hollow auger 523 is coaxially arranged with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 and is sleeved on the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace 200. The furnace wall of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 can exchange heat with the high-temperature carbonization space 524. The top or upper sidewall of the furnace body 521 is in communication with the discharge end of the drying tower 510. The rotating disc 522 is provided with a plurality of material passing holes 525. The bottom of the furnace body 521 is provided with a discharge outer cylinder 526. The discharge outer cylinder 526 is in communication with the feed end of the activator 530. The top of the furnace body 521 is in communication with the exhaust pipe 560. The gas inlet pipeline 140 and the smoke exhaust pipeline 210 of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 are both arranged to pass through the sidewall of the furnace body 521.

[0053] The hollow auger 523 mainly functions to facilitate the turning of the failed activated carbon discharged from the feed end of the furnace body 521, which is beneficial to the sufficient heating of the substances adsorbed in the activated carbon to cause cracking. Meanwhile, it is also beneficial to the failed activated carbon discharged from the discharge end of the drying tower 510 to be heated for a sufficient time before falling into the material passing hole 525 and being discharged outward. Such a structure design can not only ensure the cracking of the substances adsorbed in the activated carbon, but also avoid the agglomeration of the activated carbon in the high-temperature carbonization space 524. The rotating center of the rotating disc 522 is actually connected with an external driving motor, which is not shown in the drawings of the present application. In order to avoid energy waste, the furnace body 521 is coated with a heat preservation material, such as conventional asbestos, alumina ceramic, aluminum silicate ceramic, etc.

[0054] It should be noted that the plasma deflagration furnace 200 needs to provide heat for the structures such as the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520, the activator 530, and the drying tower 510. If a single plasma deflagration furnace 200 is used, the structure will be complicated. Therefore, in the present application, a plurality of plasma deflagration furnaces 200 are arranged, and each plasma deflagration furnace 200 provides heat for at least one heat-using device. In fact, the heat generated by the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is much greater than the heat required by the heat-using devices such as the thermal cracking furnace 100, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520, the activator 530, and the drying tower 510. Therefore, in the actual production process, the plasma deflagration furnace 200 can also provide a heat source for a power generation system, which is an energy utilization form of another embodiment of the present application.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, in order to facilitate the discharge of residual ash in the plasma deflagration furnace 200, while being compatible with the structure of the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 in the above-mentioned embodiments, the bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 is provided with an openable ash discharge inner tube which penetrates through the furnace body 521.

[0056] Referring to Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in order to better activate the activated carbon, the activator 530 comprises a box body 531, an air outlet passage 532 provided at the bottom of the box body 531, and an air inlet passage 533 provided at the top of the box body 531, the air outlet passage 532 is connected with a blower 534, the air inlet end of the blower 534 is connected with a protective gas supply mechanism, the air outlet passage 532 exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 or the exhaust pipe 210 located between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization and dust removal mechanism 300, the air inlet passage 533 is connected with a cyclone separator 535, the air outlet of the cyclone separator 535 is communicated with an air inlet fan 536, the air inlet fan 536 is communicated with an exhaust pipe 560, the discharge port of the cyclone separator 535 is communicated with the box body 531 through a screw feeder 537, the side of the box body 531 opposite to the screw feeder 537 is provided with a discharge passage 538, the discharge passage 538 is connected with a temporary storage tank 539, the temporary storage tank 539 is connected with the carbon inlet end of the activated carbon adsorber 400; the output end of the water mist supply device 540 is arranged in the box body 531.

[0057] The air inlet channel 533, the cyclone separator 535, the screw feeder 537 and the box 531 constitute a circulating activation channel, so that the activated carbon can circulate in the activation channel under the action of the air flow blown out of the air outlet channel 532, increasing the contact time of the activated carbon particles and the air flow, and facilitating the water mist supplied by the water mist supplier 540 to react with the organic matter inside the activated carbon to produce water gas. It should be noted that the air outlet channel 532 in the present application is prior to heat exchange with the plasma deflagration furnace 200. The water gas reaction requires a temperature of at least 700°C, and preferably 800-1000°C, so the temperature of the plasma deflagration furnace 200 fully meets the temperature and heat source required for the water gas reaction. The plasma deflagration furnace 200 uses plasma combustion technology, which can make the internal temperature higher than 1200°C. At the same time, under the action of some low-temperature catalysts, the temperature of the exhaust pipe 210 located in the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300 is also above 700°C. The heat provided by this region can also promote the water gas reaction between the water mist and the organic matter on the activated carbon in the box 531. It should be noted that the box 531 is a heat preservation box; in some embodiments, the box 531 also exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace 200 or the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism 300. In the activation stage, the air blower 534 actually blows the protective gas into the box 531, rather than blowing the external air into the box 531, which can avoid the reaction between the oxygen in the external air and the activated carbon at high temperature. It should be noted that in the present application, the air inlet fan 536 sucks the protective gas and discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 560, and the exhaust gas contains a large amount of water gas components. These waste is finally re-ignited by the plasma deflagration furnace 200 using these energy.

[0058] Referring to Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in order to provide water mist into the box 531 and ensure that the water mist and the blown activated carbon particles fully react, the water mist supplier 540 includes a heat exchange water tank 542, a water supply pump 543 and an atomizing pipe 544 connected in sequence through a water supply pipe 541. The heat exchange water tank 542 exchanges heat with the region between the thermal cracking furnace 100 and the activated carbon adsorber 400 of the exhaust pipe 210. The atomizing pipe 544 is provided with two atomizing pipes 544, which are arranged in a ring shape on the inner wall of the box 531. The water mist sprayed from the two atomizing pipes 544 is inclined downward to form a water mist layer, and the water mist layer divides the internal space of the box 531.

[0059] Since the airflow in the box 531 is blown from bottom to top, the water mist sprayed from the two atomizing pipes 544 is inclined downward to form a water mist layer, which can exactly offset the upward airflow. This is conducive to reducing the tendency of the water mist to move sharply upward with the airflow, facilitating contact and full reaction with the activated carbon particles.

[0060] The application also provides a waste pyrolysis waste gas treatment method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S10, the crushed waste is preheated and transferred to the thermal cracking furnace 100 for thermal cracking, the cracking gas and residual material decomposed by the thermal cracking furnace 100 are sent into the plasma deflagration furnace 200, the plasma deflagration furnace 200 ignites the cracking gas and residual material by cooperating with the heated air to make the cracking gas and residual material be fully combusted, and the tail gas of the combustion is heat-exchanged with the air preheater 600, the heat exchange water tank 542, the activator 530 and the like through the exhaust pipe 210 to reduce the temperature of the tail gas;

[0062] S20, the cooled tail gas enters the denitration reactor 320, and the NOX in the tail gas reacts with the ammonia gas supplied by the ammonia gas supply device 350 to generate nitrogen gas under the action of the catalyst;

[0063] S30, the tail gas discharged from the denitration reactor 320 is electrostatically precipitated after passing through the electrostatic precipitator 330;

[0064] S40, the tail gas after the electrostatic precipitation of the electrostatic precipitator 330 enters the desulfurization tower 340 for desulfurization, and the SO2 in the tail gas reacts with the alkaline substance in the desulfurization tower 340 to generate sulfate under the action of the catalyst;

[0065] S50, the tail gas after the desulfurization treatment of the desulfurization tower 340 enters the activated carbon adsorber 400, and the activated carbon adsorber 400 can remove dioxin and residual NOX and SO2 in the tail gas;

[0066] S60, the tail gas after the purification of the activated carbon adsorber 400 is discharged outward through the induced draft equipment.

[0067] After step S60, the operation step of recovering the adsorption function of the failed activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorber 400 is further included, specifically including that the failed activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorber 400 is sequentially sent into the drying tower 510, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 and the activator 530 to recover the adsorption function, and then is sent into the activated carbon adsorber 400 to reabsorb the harmful substances in the tail gas. It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the tail gas generated by the drying tower 510, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 520 and the activator 530 is sent into the plasma deflagration furnace 200 again, and provides water gas and pyrolysis gas for the plasma deflagration furnace 200, realizing the functions of reusing and recycling the tail gas.

[0068] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any non-essential changes and replacements made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste pyrolysis treatment device, comprising a pyrolysis system and a waste pyrolysis exhaust treatment device connected together, characterized in that, the pyrolysis system comprises a pyrolysis furnace (100) and a plasma deflagration furnace (200), the pyrolysis furnace (100) is provided with a feeding port (110), a gas outlet (120) and an ash outlet (130), the top of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) is communicated with the ash outlet (130), the gas outlet (120) is communicated with the plasma deflagration furnace (200) through a gas inlet pipeline (140), and the smoke outlet of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) passes through the pyrolysis furnace (100) through a smoke outlet pipeline (210) and can exchange heat with the pyrolysis furnace (100); the plasma deflagration furnace (200) has an air inlet; the waste pyrolysis exhaust treatment device comprises: a denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300) communicated at the area where the smoke outlet pipeline (210) passes out of the pyrolysis furnace (100); an activated carbon adsorber (400) communicated with the output end of the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300); the activated carbon adsorber (400) is provided with a carbon discharge end for discharging used activated carbon, and the exhaust end of the activated carbon adsorber (400) is communicated with the outside; an activated carbon regeneration mechanism (500) for receiving and activating the used carbon discharged from the carbon discharge end; the activated carbon regeneration mechanism (500) can exchange heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace (200), the pyrolysis furnace (100) and the area of the smoke outlet pipeline (210) between the pyrolysis furnace (100) and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300); the activated carbon regeneration mechanism (500) can supply activated activated carbon to the activated carbon adsorber (400); and the exhaust end of the activated carbon regeneration mechanism (500) is unidirectionally connected with the plasma deflagration furnace (200); the activated carbon regeneration mechanism (500) comprises a drying tower (510), a high-temperature carbonization furnace (520) and an activator (530) unidirectionally communicated in sequence, and the exhaust ends of the drying tower (510), the high-temperature carbonization furnace (520) and the activator (530) are unidirectionally communicated with the plasma deflagration furnace (200) through an exhaust pipe (560). The high-temperature carbonization furnace (520) comprises a furnace body (521), a rotating disc (522) arranged on the bottom of the furnace body (521), and a hollow auger (523) arranged on the rotating disc (522), the furnace body (521) is covered outside the plasma deflagration furnace (200), a high-temperature carbonization space (524) is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body (521) and the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace (200), the bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) is rotatably installed on the rotating disc (522), the hollow auger (523) is coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) and sleeved on the outer wall of the plasma deflagration furnace (200), and the furnace wall of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) can exchange heat with the high-temperature carbonization space (524); the top or upper sidewall of the furnace body (521) is in communication with the discharge end of the drying tower (510); a plurality of material passing holes (525) are arranged on the rotating disc (522), the bottom of the furnace body (521) is provided with a discharge outer cylinder (526), the discharge outer cylinder (526) is in communication with the feed end of the activator (530), the top of the furnace body (521) is in communication with the exhaust pipe (560), and the gas inlet pipeline (140) and the smoke exhaust pipeline (210) of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) penetrate through the sidewall of the furnace body (521).

2. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying tower (510) is connected with the carbon discharge end, the activator (530) is connected with the activated carbon adsorber (400), the activator (530) is connected with a water mist supplier (540), the drying tower (510) exchanges heat with any one of the plasma deflagration furnace (200), the pyrolysis furnace (100) and the smoke exhaust pipeline (210) located in the region between the pyrolysis furnace (100) and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300), the high-temperature carbonization furnace (520) exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace (200), the activator (530) exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace (200) or the smoke exhaust pipeline (210) located in the region between the pyrolysis furnace (100) and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300), and the water mist supplier (540) exchanges heat with the smoke exhaust pipeline (210) located in the region between the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300) and the activated carbon adsorber (400).

3. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The high-temperature carbonization furnace (520) is connected with a vacuum pumping device (550) or an inert gas supplier.

4. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the plasma deflagration furnace (200) is provided with a discharge inner pipe capable of being opened and closed, and the discharge inner pipe penetrates through the furnace body (521).

5. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The activator (530) comprises a box (531), an air outlet channel (532) arranged at the bottom of the box (531), and an air inlet channel (533) arranged at the top of the box (531), the air outlet channel (532) is connected with a blower (534), the air inlet end of the blower (534) is connected with a protective gas supply mechanism, the air outlet channel (532) exchanges heat with the plasma deflagration furnace (200) or the exhaust pipe (210) in the region between the thermal cracking furnace (100) and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300), the air inlet channel (533) is connected with a cyclone separator (535), the air outlet (120) of the cyclone separator (535) is communicated with an air inlet fan (536), the air inlet fan (536) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (560), the discharge port of the cyclone separator (535) is communicated with the box (531) through a screw feeder (537), a discharge channel (538) is arranged on the side of the box (531) opposite to the screw feeder (537), the discharge channel (538) is connected with a temporary storage tank (539), and the temporary storage tank (539) is connected with the carbon inlet end of the activated carbon adsorber (400); the output end of the water mist supply device (540) is arranged in the box (531).

6. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: The water mist supply device (540) comprises a heat exchange water tank (542), a water supply pump (543) and an atomizing pipe (544) communicated in sequence through a water supply pipe (541), the heat exchange water tank (542) exchanges heat with the exhaust pipe (210) in the region between the thermal cracking furnace (100) and the activated carbon adsorber (400), the atomizing pipe (544) is provided with two, the two atomizing pipes (544) are arranged in annular shape on the inner wall of the box (531), and the water mists sprayed by the two atomizing pipes (544) are both inclined downward to form water mist layers, and the water mist layers divide the internal space of the box (531).

7. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The air preheater (600) exchanges heat with the exhaust pipe (210) in the region between the thermal cracking furnace (100) and the denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300), and supplies hot air to the air inlet of the plasma deflagration furnace (200).

8. The waste pyrolysis processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The denitration and desulfurization dust removal mechanism (300) comprises a denitration reactor (320), an electrostatic dust removal tower (330) and a desulfurization tower (340) communicated in sequence through a pipeline (310), the denitration reactor (320) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (210), the gas outlet end of the desulfurization tower (340) is communicated with the activated carbon adsorber (400), the denitration reactor (320) is connected with an ammonia gas supply device (350), and the pipeline (310) between the denitration reactor (320) and the electrostatic dust removal tower (330) exchanges heat with the feed inlet on the thermal cracking furnace (100).

9. A waste pyrolysis treatment method which can be implemented on the waste pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S10, the garbage is crushed and preheated, and is transferred to a thermal cracking furnace (100) for thermal cracking. The cracking gas and residual material decomposed by the thermal cracking furnace (100) are sent into a plasma deflagration furnace (200) together. The plasma deflagration furnace (200) ignites the cracking gas and residual material by cooperating with heated air, so that the cracking gas and residual material are fully combusted. The tail gas of the combustion is heat-exchanged with an air preheater (600), a heat exchange water tank (542), and an activator (530) through a smoke exhaust pipeline (210) respectively, and the temperature of the tail gas is reduced. S20, the cooled tail gas enters a denitration reactor (320), and NOX in the tail gas reacts with ammonia gas supplied by an ammonia gas supply device (350) under the action of a catalyst to generate nitrogen gas. S30, the tail gas discharged from the denitration reactor (320) is electrostatically precipitated after passing through an electrostatic precipitator (330). S40, the tail gas after being precipitated by the electrostatic precipitator (330) enters a desulfurization tower (340) for desulfurization. SO2 in the tail gas reacts with alkaline substances in the desulfurization tower (340) under the action of a catalyst to generate sulfate. S50, the tail gas after being desulfurized by the desulfurization tower (340) enters an activated carbon adsorber (400). The activated carbon adsorber (400) can remove dioxin, residual NOX, and SO2 in the tail gas. S60, the tail gas after being purified by the activated carbon adsorber (400) is discharged outward through an air induction device.

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