A shutter exposure method, apparatus, electronic device, system, and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to a shutter exposure method, a shutter exposure device, electronic equipment, a system and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in response to a shutter exposure instruction, respectively exposing multiple rows of pixels in an image sensor. According to the environmental parameters of a code reader, the starting exposure time of the nth row of pixels in the image sensor and the ending exposure time of the first row of pixels are obtained. After the starting exposure time of the nth row of pixels, before the ending exposure time of the first row of pixels, the electrochromic aperture is controlled to be in a light-transmitting state within a preset time period to obtain an identification code image. The maximum length of the preset time period is determined based on the speed parameter of the identification code and the pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and the minimum length of the preset time period is determined based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter and an adjustment step length. The traditional shutter exposure method solves the problem that the identified image has low quality when identifying a moving identification code, thereby affecting the decoding success rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical imaging, and in particular to a shutter exposure method and device, electronic equipment, system and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Image recognition (such as barcode, two-dimensional code reading, various character marks, etc.) of high-speed moving objects requires high real-time performance and image quality of the imaging system, and parameters such as aperture, illumination, and exposure of the code reading device need to be accurately controlled to obtain high-quality images for subsequent recognition. At the same time, when a low-cost non-global shutter CMOS image sensor is used to capture moving objects (such as workpieces on a production line) by the code reading device, blurring and distortion may occur, which may also affect the subsequent decoding success rate.

[0003] Therefore, the traditional shutter exposure method has the problem of low image quality when recognizing moving identification codes, which further affects the decoding success rate. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a shutter exposure method, device, electronic equipment, system and storage medium to at least solve the problem of low image quality when recognizing moving identification codes by the traditional shutter exposure method, which further affects the decoding success rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shutter exposure method, which is applied to a code reader, the code reader is used to recognize identification codes in a moving process, the code reader includes a lens, and an electrochromic aperture is arranged in the lens, and the method includes:

[0006] In response to a shutter exposure instruction, multiple rows of pixels in an image sensor are exposed respectively;

[0007] According to an environmental parameter of the code reader, a starting exposure time of an nth row of pixels in the image sensor and an ending exposure time of a first row of pixels are obtained;

[0008] After the starting exposure time of the nth row of pixels, before the ending exposure time of the first row of pixels, the electrochromic aperture is controlled to be in a light-transmitting state within a preset time period to obtain the identification code image;

[0009] A maximum length of the preset time period is determined based on a speed parameter of the identification code and a pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and a minimum length of the preset time period is determined based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter, and an adjustment step.

[0010] In an embodiment, the maximum length of the preset time period is configured as:

[0011] A ratio of a speed parameter of the identification code to a maximum pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor.

[0012] In an embodiment, a minimum length of the preset time period is determined according to the following formula:

[0013] f(L, E, F) = C + F 2 / (L*E)*△T

[0014] wherein C represents a correction coefficient, F represents an aperture, L represents a supplemental light source intensity, E represents an image sensor gain parameter, △T represents an adjustment step, and f(L, E, F) represents a length of the preset time period;

[0015] When the supplemental light source intensity and the image sensor gain parameter take maximum values, and the aperture F value is minimum, a minimum length of the preset time period is obtained.

[0016] In an embodiment, the code reader is further cooperated with a distance measuring sensor, and the distance measuring sensor is used to obtain a test distance to the identification code; before the shutter exposure instruction is responded, the method further comprises:

[0017] adjusting the focal length, or adjusting the aperture and the focal length, in response to the test distance being outside a preset distance range.

[0018] In an embodiment, the electrochromic aperture comprises a central circular portion and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, and each of the concentric ring portions is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly;

[0019] The aperture is adjusted by controlling each of the electrode control assemblies to adjust the corresponding concentric ring portion to a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state.

[0020] The aperture size is determined based on the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the concentric ring portion.

[0021] In an embodiment, the code reader is further used to cooperate with a supplemental light source, and before the electrochromic aperture is turned on, the method further comprises:

[0022] controlling an opening time and a closing time of the supplemental light source according to a start time of the preset time period and an end time of the preset time period, wherein the supplemental light source is turned on before the start time of the preset time period and is turned off after the end time of the preset time period.

[0023] In an embodiment, before the minimum length of the preset time period is determined, the method further comprises:

[0024] The correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, and the adjustment step are determined by pre-adjusting the code reader.

[0025] Based on the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, the adjustment step and the minimum length of the preset time period, the supplementary light source intensity is determined according to the following formula:

[0026] L = F 2 *△T / (E*( f(L,E,F)- C))

[0027] Wherein, C represents the correction coefficient, F represents the aperture, L represents the supplementary light source intensity, E represents the image sensor gain parameter, △T represents the adjustment step, and f(L, E, F) represents the length of the preset time period.

[0028] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a shutter exposure device, the device is applied to a code reader, the code reader is used for identifying an identification code in a motion process, the code reader includes a lens, an electrochromic aperture is arranged in the lens, and the device includes a response module, an acquisition module, a control module and a determination module; wherein:

[0029] The response module is used for exposing multiple rows of pixels in an image sensor respectively in response to a shutter exposure instruction.

[0030] The acquisition module is used for acquiring a starting exposure time of an n-th row of pixels and an ending exposure time of a first row of pixels in the image sensor according to environmental parameters of the code reader.

[0031] The control module is used for controlling the electrochromic aperture to be in a light-transmitting state in a preset time period after the starting exposure time of the n-th row of pixels and before the ending exposure time of the first row of pixels, so as to acquire an identification code image.

[0032] The determination module determines a maximum length of the preset time period based on a speed parameter of the identification code and a pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and determines a minimum length of the preset time period based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter and an adjustment step.

[0033] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, the electronic device is applied to the shutter exposure method in the first aspect, and the device includes:

[0034] The electrochromic aperture assembly includes a circular portion at the center and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, each of the concentric ring portions is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly, and the corresponding concentric ring portion is adjusted to be in a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state by controlling each of the electrode control assemblies.

[0035] A lens assembly, in which the electrochromic aperture assembly is arranged, is used to focus the imaging of the identification code to an image sensor;

[0036] An image sensor or an image sensor with a global reset function, wherein the image sensor is used to receive a light signal passing through the electrochromic aperture assembly and the lens assembly and convert the light signal into an electrical signal; the image sensor with a global reset function is used to control the image sensor to stop photoelectric conversion during the light shielding period of the electrochromic aperture, and control all row pixels to start exposure by a signal at a reset invalid time, wherein the reset invalid time is the same as the start time of the preset period.

[0037] A control module, which is electrically connected with the electrochromic aperture assembly, the lens assembly, the ranging sensor, and the image sensor or the image sensor with a global reset function.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a shutter exposure system, which is applied to the shutter exposure method in the first aspect, and the system comprises:

[0039] A code reader, which is used to identify the identification code in the motion process;

[0040] A supplementary light source, which is used to turn on the supplementary light source before the opening time of the electrochromic aperture and turn off the supplementary light source after the closing time of the electrochromic aperture in cooperation with the code reader.

[0041] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the shutter exposure method in the first aspect.

[0042] The shutter exposure method, device, electronic equipment, system and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects.

[0043] Firstly, the image sensor is exposed row by row in response to the shutter exposure instruction, which is adapted to the row-by-row scanning characteristics of the rolling shutter, so as to realize efficient image acquisition. Subsequently, according to the environmental parameters of the code reader, the exposure start time of the nth row of pixels in the image sensor and the exposure end time of the first row of pixels are determined, which lays a foundation for the preset period of the electrochromic aperture. And after the exposure start time of the nth row of pixels, the electrochromic aperture is controlled to be in a light-transmitting state within the preset period before the exposure end time of the first row of pixels, so as to realize accurate control of the exposure amount. Secondly, by means of the motion parameters and the pixel offset, the maximum length of the preset period is determined, which is conducive to improving the image quality. By means of the correction coefficient, the aperture, the supplementary light source intensity, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step, the minimum length of the preset period is determined, which is conducive to controlling the exposure amount to ensure the imaging quality. In the high-speed motion industrial scene, high-precision and high-reliability identification code recognition is realized, which significantly improves the code reading success rate and system stability. The traditional shutter exposure method solves the problem that the image quality is low when identifying the motion identification code, which further affects the decoding success rate.

[0044] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are presented in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of the present application more apparent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] The drawings described herein are intended to provide further understanding of the present application, form a part of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a shutter exposure method;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of exposure time according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 is a front view of an electrochromic aperture according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 4 is a top view of an electrochromic aperture according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0050] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a shutter exposure device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0051] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a shutter exposure system according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and should not be used to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments provided by the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of the present application.

[0053] Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort based on the accompanying drawings. In addition, it can be understood that although the efforts made in the development process can be complex and lengthy, for those of ordinary skill in the art related to the content disclosed in the present application, some design, manufacture or production changes based on the technical content disclosed in the present application are only routine technical means, and should not be understood as insufficient disclosure of the content disclosed in the present application.

[0054] In the present application, the phrase "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms and scientific terms used in the present application shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "a", "an", "one", "this", and similar referents in the context of describing the application are to be construed to be inclusive, not exclusive. For example, the use of the term "comprises" or "comprising" or "includes" or "including" or "has" or "having" or "contains" or "containing" or "consists" or "consisting" or "consists of" or "consisting of" in the context of describing a process, method, system, product, or apparatus are not to be construed as limiting the process, method, system, product, or apparatus to the steps or elements listed, but rather to encompass the listed steps or elements as well as other steps or elements not listed. The term "connected" or "coupled" or similar terms in the context of this application are not to be construed as being exclusively physical or mechanical connections, but rather can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term "multiple" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes association between name objects. For example, "A and / or B" can mean A alone, A and B together, or B alone. The character " / " generally means "or" between the associated objects. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish similar objects, and do not represent a specific order.

[0056] In this article, it should be understood that the terms involved can be technical means or other summary technical terms for implementing part of the application, for example, the terms can include:

[0057] Barcode Reader / Code Scanner: An optoelectronic device used to automatically identify and decode barcodes, QR codes, and other identification codes. It is widely used in logistics, retail, industrial automation, and other fields. It acquires identification code images through optical imaging.

[0058] Electrochromic Aperture: An aperture device based on electrochromic materials, which changes the transmittance by applying voltage, replacing traditional mechanical aperture blades. When powered on, the electrochromic material undergoes redox reaction, and ion migration causes the transmittance to rise. When powered off, the material returns to its original state, and the transmittance decreases.

[0059] Image Sensor: A semiconductor device that converts optical images into electrical signals, it is the core component of digital imaging. It can be a rolling shutter CMOS sensor, or a rolling shutter CMOS image sensor with global reset function.

[0060] Reset: A control signal interface on the image sensor, its core function is to synchronize the exposure of all pixels through signal control.

[0061] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a shutter exposure method applied to a barcode reader for identifying identification codes during motion. The barcode reader includes a lens and has an electrochromic aperture.

[0062] The electrochromic aperture, located within the reader's lens, rapidly adjusts its light transmittance to match the movement of the identification codes at different speeds, thus avoiding exposure misalignment caused by the response delay of traditional mechanical apertures. Through the coordinated operation of lens optical imaging and the electrochromic aperture, the problems of motion blur and exposure control in moving identification code recognition are resolved.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a shutter exposure method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a shutter exposure method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S101: In response to the shutter exposure command, expose multiple rows of pixels in the image sensor respectively.

[0065] Optionally, upon receiving a shutter exposure command, asynchronous line-by-line exposure control is implemented for multiple rows of pixels in the image sensor. The core principle is to precisely control the independent exposure sequence of each row of pixels, combined with the dynamic adjustment of the electrochromic aperture, to resolve the rolling shutter effect caused by the inherent inter-row exposure delay, thus providing a time reference for the subsequent aperture light transmission period synchronization.

[0066] Step S102: Based on the environmental parameters of the reader, obtain the start exposure time of the nth row of pixels and the end exposure time of the first row of pixels in the image sensor.

[0067] Optionally, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the exposure time according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, each time point is determined by combining the image sensor and supplementary light source characteristics of the barcode reader, the lighting conditions in the production environment, the moving speed of the sampling / target scanning device, the specifications of the graphic mark to be identified, and the results obtained through manual / automatic adjustments. Among these:

[0068] The first line begins exposure at time T1;

[0069] The exposure time T2 begins on line N;

[0070] The moment the electrochromic aperture is activated is T3;

[0071] The electrochromic aperture is turned off at time T4;

[0072] The first line ends at exposure time T5;

[0073] The exposure ends at time T6 in line N;

[0074] Opening illumination time T light-on ;

[0075] Closing illumination time T light-off .

[0076] The above time points need to meet the following conditions:

[0077] Electrochromic aperture opening time limit (denoted as EC shutter opening time in the figure): T3 ≥ T2; Electrochromic aperture closing time limit (denoted as EC shutter closing time in the figure): T4 ≤ T5;

[0078] Time length limit: T4 - T3 ≤ D p / V s , D p is the maximum pixel shift in the image sensor, V s is the motion speed;

[0079] Illumination opening time limit: T light-on ≤ T3;

[0080] Illumination closing time limit: T light-off ≥ T4;

[0081] Row-column time relationship: T2 = T1 + N row *T gap or T2 = T1 + T readall , where N row is the number of vertical pixel rows, T gap is the time interval between exposure or reading of adjacent two rows, and T readall is the total time required to complete all row reading of a frame image.

[0082] Step S102 establishes a complete exposure control closed-loop system by accurately calculating and coordinating the operation timing of each component (T1-T6 time). Precise synchronization of hardware components (electrochromic aperture, illumination light source, image sensor) is achieved, which is conducive to eliminating the timing misalignment problem caused by component response delay in traditional solutions.

[0083] Step S103, after the exposure start time of the nth row of pixels, before the exposure end time of the first row of pixels, controls the electrochromic aperture to be in a light-transmitting state for a preset period of time to obtain an identification code image.

[0084] Optionally, exposure time T2 of the nth row is taken as the starting point, ensuring that all rows have entered the effective exposure period. Exposure time T5 of the first row is taken as the ending boundary, ensuring that the first row of pixels can record the aperture control effect completely. The sub-interval [T3, T4] is selected as the effective light transmission period in the interval [T2, T5]. The electrochromic aperture is controlled to be in a light transmission state in the preset period. That is, the electrochromic material is controlled by voltage to reach the target light transmission rate (such as 80%) at time T3, and maintain a stable light transmission state until time T4 to obtain the identification code image.

[0085] Step S103 ensures that the image captured by each row of pixels is subjected to complete aperture control by strictly limiting the light transmission period within the effective exposure period of the row (T3≥T2 and T4≤T5).

[0086] Step S104, the maximum length of the preset period is determined based on the speed parameter of the identification code and the pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and the minimum length of the preset period is determined based on the correction coefficient, the aperture size, the supplementary light source intensity, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step.

[0087] Optionally, the maximum and minimum lengths of the preset period (T3-T4) during which the electrochromic aperture is in a light transmission state are calculated. The longer A is, the more obvious the jelly effect is; the shorter A is, the worse the exposure brightness of the obtained image is. Whether the jelly effect is obvious or the exposure is poor, it will affect the final imaging quality and cause decoding failure. Therefore, by defining a reasonable interval of A, it is ensured that the jelly effect can be suppressed and the minimum exposure requirement can be met in a moving scene. The code reading success rate (especially for the code reading operation of objects in a fast moving pipeline) is ensured. Specifically:

[0088] Determining the maximum length A of the preset period max The maximum length is configured as the ratio of the speed parameter of the identification code to the maximum pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor. That is, the maximum length of the preset period is calculated as , wherein represents the speed parameter of the identification code, represents the maximum pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor. For example, if the object moves at a high speed (v is large), it is necessary to shorten to avoid pixel smearing; otherwise, the low-speed scene can be relaxed.

[0089] Determining the minimum length A of the preset period min: calculated by formula f(L, E, F) = C + F2 / (L*E)*△T, wherein C represents a correction coefficient, F represents an aperture, L represents a supplementary light source intensity, E represents an image sensor gain parameter, △T represents an adjustment step, and f(L, E, F) represents a minimum time length of a preset period. When the light source intensity (L) and the sensor gain (E) take maximum values, the result obtained is A_min, ensuring that sufficient exposure can be obtained even in the shortest light transmission time.

[0090] In actual operation, the value of A needs to be between A min and A max , and is optimized in combination with real-time environment (such as light change, object speed fluctuation). For example, in a weak light environment, A min is preferentially approached and the light source intensity is enhanced, and in a high-speed scene, A ≤ A max is strictly limited to suppress motion blur.

[0091] It is worth noting that when the supplementary light source intensity and the image sensor gain parameter take maximum values and the aperture F value is the smallest, the minimum time length of the preset period is obtained. That is, when the illumination light intensity and the gain take theoretical maximum values and the aperture F value is the smallest, the minimum value of f(L, E, F) obtained is A.

[0092] Step S104 controls the light transmission state of the maximum time length of the preset period, ensuring that the pixel offset (A) is controllable, avoiding image distortion or blur caused by high-speed motion, solving the problem of jelly effect of the image, and improving the decoding success rate. The formulaic calculation of A ensures that even if the light transmission time is extremely short, exposure can be compensated by light supplement or gain, avoiding dark images. The range of A can be adjusted to adapt to different speeds and light conditions, and stable imaging can still be achieved when the pipeline speed changes or the ambient light changes. In an embodiment, the code reader is also matched with a ranging sensor, and the ranging sensor is used to obtain a test distance to the identification code; before step S101, the method further includes:

[0093] In response to the test distance being outside a preset distance range, adjusting the focal length, or adjusting the aperture and the focal length.

[0094] Optionally, the code reader can be connected with a photoelectric sensor, and when the photoelectric sensor detects that a to-be-photographed object appears or is about to appear in the field of view of the code reader, the code reader is triggered to sample and decode according to the pre-calibrated configuration parameters (exposure start time, light, EC switch time, global reset time).

[0095] Optionally, the code reader can be connected with a photoelectric sensor, and when the photoelectric sensor detects that a to-be-photographed object appears or is about to appear in the field of view of the code reader, the code reader is triggered to sample and decode according to the pre-calibrated configuration parameters (exposure start time, light, EC switch time, global reset time).

[0096] ​Optionally, the code reader is also cooperated with a distance sensor for obtaining a test distance to the identification code and sending the obtained test distance to the code reader. The distance sensor is used to monitor the distance change of the identification code in real time and adjust the optical parameters (focal length or aperture) before triggering the shutter exposure to ensure the imaging clarity. The specific execution steps are as follows:

[0097] The distance sensor continuously measures the test distance (L) of the identification code and compares it with the preset depth of field range (foreground depth and background depth). If L is out of the range, the adjustment mechanism is triggered.

[0098] Adjustment strategy selection:

[0099] Only aperture adjustment: If L is still within the lens depth of field range but close to the boundary, the aperture is reduced (F value is increased) to expand the depth of field and avoid the delay of refocusing.

[0100] Focus and aperture adjustment: If L is completely out of the depth of field range, the focal length (to bring the identification code back to the focal point) and the aperture (to optimize the depth of field) are adjusted simultaneously to ensure the imaging clarity.

[0101] Solve the problem of defocus caused by the fluctuation of object height or position on the pipeline, especially for irregular identification objects or variable speed scenes. By predicting the distance and adjusting in advance, the image blur and decoding failure caused by defocus are avoided, and the code reading efficiency is improved.

[0102] In an embodiment, the electrochromic aperture includes a central circular portion and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, each concentric ring portion and the circular portion is provided with a corresponding electrode control component;

[0103] The aperture is adjusted by controlling each electrode control component to adjust the corresponding concentric ring to a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state, and adjust the corresponding circular portion to a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state.

[0104] The size of the aperture is determined based on the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the concentric ring portion and the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the circular portion.

[0105] Optionally, Figure 3 is a front view of an electrochromic aperture according to an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4 is a top view of an electrochromic aperture according to an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the electrochromic aperture includes a central circular portion and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, which can be two concentric ring portions in this application, and a central circular portion, each of which independently integrates an electrochromic material layer and a corresponding electrode control component (such as a transparent conductive layer and a driving circuit). The light transmission state or light blocking state (coloration) of each concentric ring portion, as well as the circular portion, can be independently switched by applying a voltage, forming a programmable aperture combination. For example:

[0106] Full open mode: all rings (circular portion and concentric ring portion) are transparent, and the aperture is maximized (F value is minimum);

[0107] Full closed mode: all rings (circular portion and concentric ring portion) are not transparent, and the aperture is in a closed state;

[0108] Stepwise contraction: from the outer ring to the inner ring, the light is blocked, and the aperture is gradually reduced (the F value is increased);

[0109] Custom aperture: selectively open part of the ring to adapt to different lighting needs.

[0110] The electrochromic aperture realizes stepless adjustment of the aperture through precise control of the electrodes, and the specific process is as follows:

[0111] Step a: according to the distance (L) returned by the distance sensor and the preset depth of field requirement, the target aperture size (F value) is calculated. For example, a long distance or a large depth of field requirement corresponds to a small aperture (only the central ring is transparent).

[0112] Step b: the driving circuit selects the combination of concentric rings that need to be transparent based on the target F value. For example:

[0113] Increase the F value: only activate the inner ring electrode (the outer ring is light blocked), and reduce the light transmission;

[0114] Decrease the F value: activate all ring electrodes, and the light is fully transparent.

[0115] Step c: apply a voltage to the electrodes of the selected ring (such as +2V for light transmission and -2V for light blocking), and use the redox reaction of the electrochromic material to change the light transmission rate in real time. The whole process is completed in milliseconds.

[0116] Through the combination of multiple rings, the aperture is adjusted to accurately match the depth of field requirement at different distances and adjust the light flux requirement under different lighting brightness, avoiding the response delay of traditional mechanical apertures and the difficulty in adapting to rapidly changing shooting conditions. Only a short voltage drive is needed to maintain the state, there is no mechanical wear, the service life is long, and the power consumption is low.

[0117] In an embodiment, the code reader is also used in cooperation with the supplementary light source, and before the electrochromic aperture is turned on, the method further comprises:

[0118] The on and off times of the supplementary light source are controlled according to the start and end times of the preset time period. Specifically, the supplementary light source is turned on before the start time of the preset time period and turned off after the end time of the preset time period.

[0119] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, by precisely controlling the switching timing of the supplementary light source, it is made to completely cover the light transmission period of the electrochromic aperture. to This ensures that the image sensor receives uniform and sufficient illumination throughout the exposure process. The specific steps are as follows:

[0120] Step a, at the moment the electrochromic aperture is turned on ( Before that, turn on the supplementary light source ( Establish a stable lighting environment in advance to avoid insufficient initial exposure due to light source delay.

[0121] Step b: Keep the supplemental light source on until the aperture is completely closed. ), ensuring all pixel rows are within the exposure period ( to All can receive consistent light intensity, eliminating edge brightness attenuation caused by premature shutdown of the light source.

[0122] Step c, if the aperture transmits light during the period of time ( The system dynamically adjusts to changes in movement speed or ambient light, with the light source switching time updated synchronously to always meet the requirements. and The constraints.

[0123] By ensuring the light source completely covers the aperture's transmittance period, dark areas at image edges or in specific locations due to insufficient illumination are avoided, thus improving overall image quality. Pre-activating the light source can counteract ambient light fluctuations (such as interference from lights around an assembly line), while delayed deactivation prevents light pollution during sensor readout. Synergy with aperture adjustment and motion speed parameters ensures optimal illumination conditions are maintained even in high-speed or low-light scenarios.

[0124] In one embodiment, the reader may employ an image sensor or an image sensor with a global reset function. The image sensor with a global reset function is used to control the image sensor to stop photoelectric conversion during the light-blocking period of the electrochromic aperture, and to control all row pixels to start exposure via a signal when the reset is invalid. The time when the reset is invalid is the same as the start time of the preset period.

[0125] Optionally, such as Figure 2As shown, the core of solving image blur and deformation is to make all pixel rows from top to bottom in the state of simultaneous exposure. Therefore, the CMOS sensor can be covered by the electrochromic aperture for a period of time (light blocking period), that is, the CMOS sensor is blocked by the electrochromic aperture before T3 time, so that it is in a light-tight state, at T3 time, the CMOS sensor is unblocked by the electrochromic aperture, so that all pixel rows start to expose, and after T4 time, the CMOS sensor is blocked by the electrochromic aperture again, so that the problem of image blur and deformation is solved.

[0126] However, since the electrochromic aperture covers the CMOS sensor, it is not necessarily 100% light-tight, therefore, on the basis of solving image blur and deformation by the electrochromic aperture, the CMOS sensor with global reset function can further block the CMOS sensor.

[0127] Specifically, when the reset is effective (before T3 time), the photoelectric conversion is stopped, and all rows of pixels in the CMOS are clamped to be non-photosensitive, when the reset is ineffective (after T3 time), all rows of pixels start to expose by signal control, and all rows start to expose. Among them, the reset ineffective time (global reset in the CMOS) is the same as T3 time. Figure 2

[0128] Through the cooperative control of the electrochromic aperture and the global reset function, a double-protected synchronous exposure mechanism is realized, first, the electrochromic aperture physically blocks the sensor before T3 time, and cooperates with the switching (effective → ineffective) of the reset at the same time, which can form double isolation of physics and electronics, effectively solving the blur and deformation problems caused by the traditional rolling shutter due to row-by-row exposure. Second, the global reset function compensates for the possible slight light transmission defects of the electrochromic material, and ensures that all pixels are absolutely non-photosensitive before T3 time.

[0129] In an embodiment, before determining the minimum length of the preset period, the method further comprises:

[0130] By pre-adjusting the code reader, the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step are determined;

[0131] Based on the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, the adjustment step and the minimum length of the preset period, the supplementary light intensity is determined according to the following formula:

[0132] L = F 2 *△T / (E*( f(L,E,F)- C))

[0133] ​Wherein, C represents the correction coefficient, F represents the aperture, L represents the supplementary light intensity, E represents the image sensor gain parameter, △T represents the adjustment step, and f(L, E, F) represents the minimum time length of a preset period.

[0134] Optionally, the parameters of the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, and the adjustment step are acquired by a type pre-debugging code reader to ensure sufficient image exposure under the minimum exposure time (A min ). The specific execution steps are as follows:

[0135] Pre-debugging parameter calibration: The code reader is pre-debugged in a static environment to determine the following basic parameters:

[0136] The correction coefficient C (compensate system error), the aperture F (fixed based on depth of field requirement), the sensor gain E, and the adjustment step △T (hardware response accuracy), wherein the adjustment step △T is the minimum time adjustment unit of the control electrochromic aperture or light source parameter, and represents the time accuracy of the system response parameter change.

[0137] Minimum time length calculation: Through the formula f(L, E, F)= C+F2 / (L*E)*△T, the light source intensity formula L= F 2 *△T / (E*( f(L, E, F)- C)) is obtained by back calculation.

[0138] In actual operation, the preset A min is substituted into the deformation formula L= F2*△T / (E*( f(L, E, F)- C)), and the real-time sensor gain (E) and the aperture (F) are combined to calculate the required supplementary light intensity (L). For example, if A min is small (high-speed scene), L needs to be significantly increased to compensate for the exposure loss.

[0139] By formulating the correlation between the light source intensity and the exposure parameter, it is ensured that even under the limit short exposure (A min ), the image still meets the decoding brightness requirement. The parameter L is automatically adjusted with A min , ambient light, and object speed, avoiding manual repeated debugging and improving the system response speed. The exposure requirement is met by enhancing the light source (rather than prolonging the exposure time), and the jelly effect in high-speed scenes is suppressed. The correction coefficient C is compatible with hardware differences (such as lens attenuation and sensor aging), ensuring long-term stability.

[0140] In summary, the shutter exposure method provided by the embodiment of the present application firstly exposes the image sensor row by row in response to the shutter exposure instruction, adapts to the row-by-row scanning characteristics of the rolling shutter, and realizes efficient image acquisition. Subsequently, the start exposure time of the nth row of pixels and the end exposure time of the first row of pixels in the image sensor are determined according to the environmental parameters of the code reader, laying a foundation for the preset period of the electrochromic aperture. And in the preset period before the end exposure time of the first row of pixels after the start exposure time of the nth row of pixels, the electrochromic aperture is controlled to be in a light-transmitting state, realizing accurate control of the exposure amount. Finally, the maximum length of the preset period is determined through the motion parameters and the pixel offset, which is conducive to reducing the jelly effect. The minimum length of the preset period is determined through the correction coefficient, the aperture, the supplementary light source intensity, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step, which is conducive to controlling the exposure amount to ensure the imaging quality. In the high-speed motion industrial scene, high-precision and high-reliability identification of the identification code is realized, which significantly improves the code reading success rate and system stability. The traditional shutter exposure method has the problem that the identified image has low quality when identifying the moving identification code, which further affects the decoding success rate.

[0141] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shutter exposure device. Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a shutter exposure device according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 5 application to a code reader, the code reader is used to identify an identification code in a motion process, the code reader includes a lens, and an electrochromic aperture is arranged in the lens, and the device includes: a response module 510, an acquisition module 520, a control module 530 and a determination module 540; wherein:

[0142] The response module 510 is configured to expose multiple rows of pixels in the image sensor respectively in response to a shutter exposure instruction;

[0143] The acquisition module 520 is configured to acquire a start exposure time of an nth row of pixels and an end exposure time of a first row of pixels in the image sensor according to environmental parameters of the code reader;

[0144] The control module 530 is configured to control the electrochromic aperture to be in a light-transmitting state in a preset period before the end exposure time of the first row of pixels after the start exposure time of the nth row of pixels, so as to acquire an identification code image;

[0145] The determination module 540 determines a maximum length of the preset period based on a speed parameter of the identification code and a pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and determines a minimum length of the preset period based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter and an adjustment step.

[0146] In conclusion, the shutter exposure device provided by the application can realize high-precision and high-reliability identification of identification codes in high-speed industrial scenarios through the cooperative operation of the response module 510, the acquisition module 520, the control module 530 and the determination module 540, significantly improves the code reading success rate and system stability, and solves the problem of low image quality in the identification of moving identification codes in the traditional shutter exposure method, thereby affecting the decoding success rate.

[0147] It should be noted that the shutter exposure device provided in the embodiment is used to realize the above-mentioned embodiments, and the description has been made. As used above, the terms "module", "unit", "sub-unit" and the like can be a combination of software and / or hardware that realizes a predetermined function. Although the device described in the above embodiment is preferably realized in software, the realization of hardware or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceived.

[0148] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the application provide an electronic device, which is applied to the shutter exposure method described above, and the device comprises:

[0149] The electrochromic aperture assembly comprises a central circular part and at least one concentric ring part surrounding the circular part, each concentric ring part is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly, and by controlling each electrode control assembly, the corresponding concentric ring part is adjusted to a light transmission state or a light shielding state;

[0150] The lens assembly is provided with the electrochromic aperture assembly, and is used to focus the imaging of the identification code to the image sensor;

[0151] The image sensor or the image sensor with a global reset function is used to receive the light signal passing through the electrochromic aperture assembly and the lens assembly, and convert the light signal into an electrical signal; the image sensor with a global reset function is used to control the image sensor to stop photoelectric conversion during the light shielding period of the electrochromic aperture, and control all row pixels to start exposure at the reset invalid moment, wherein the reset invalid moment is the same as the start moment of the preset period.

[0152] The control module is electrically connected with the electrochromic aperture assembly, the lens assembly and the distance sensor, and is electrically connected with the image sensor or the image sensor with a global reset function.

[0153] The device can further include a focal length component electrically connected with the distance measuring sensor, configured to adjust the focal length through the focal length component in response to the test distance being outside the preset distance range. Through the cooperative control of multiple components, high-precision and high-reliability identification of the identification code can be realized in the industrial scene with high-speed movement. Specifically, the distance measuring sensor detects the distance of the identification code in real time, and if the distance exceeds the preset range, the focal length component is triggered to adjust the focal length of the lens. The electrochromic aperture component controls the independent electrodes of the concentric ring (light transmission / obstruction) to dynamically adjust the size of the aperture, and cooperates with the lens component to ensure the imaging clarity. The image sensor receives the light signal and converts it into an electrical signal, and the exposure parameters (such as gain) of the image sensor are linked with the aperture and the focal length. The control module serves as the hub, integrates the distance measuring data and the sensor feedback, calculates and issues instructions (such as aperture ring selection, focal length adjustment, and exposure timing) in real time, and forms a closed-loop control.

[0154] The linkage of the distance measuring component and the focal length component solves the out-of-focus problem caused by the change of the distance of the object, and the multi-ring adjustment of the aperture realizes the accurate balance of the depth of field and the light quantity. The size switching of the electrochromic aperture is superior to the mechanical structure, and meets the real-time needs of the high-speed moving scene in the production line.

[0155] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a shutter exposure system, which is applied to the shutter exposure method of any one of the above, Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a shutter exposure system according to an example embodiment. As Figure 6 indicated, the system includes:

[0156] The code reader 610 is configured to identify the identification code in the movement process.

[0157] The supplementary light source 620 is configured to cooperate with the code reader, and is configured to turn on the supplementary light source before the opening moment of the electrochromic aperture, and turn off the supplementary light source after the closing moment of the electrochromic aperture. The supplementary light source 620 can be an external independent light source of the code reader, or can be integrated in the code reader. The system can further include a distance measuring sensor 630, which is configured to cooperate with the code reader to obtain a test distance of the identification code. In response to the test distance being outside the preset distance range, the focal length is adjusted, or the aperture and the focal length are adjusted.

[0158] Optionally, the system can realize high-precision and high-reliability identification of the identification code in the industrial scene with high-speed movement through cooperative control. Specifically, the distance measuring sensor 630 monitors the distance of the identification code in real time, and if the distance exceeds the preset range, the code reader 610 is triggered to adjust the focal length or the aperture to keep the imaging clear; the supplementary light source 620 strictly cooperates with the opening and closing timing of the electrochromic aperture (turns on in advance and turns off late), and ensures the uniformity of exposure; the code reader 610 integrates the distance measuring data and the light source control, optimizes the imaging parameters (such as the size of the aperture and the focal length), and finally completes the identification of the identification code through the image sensor.

[0159] The ranging sensor is linked with the focal length / aperture, solving the defocus problem caused by the distance fluctuation of the moving object, and improving the adaptability to complex scenes. The light source strictly covers the light transmission period of the aperture, avoiding the edge dark area or overexposure, and ensuring the image quality.

[0160] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a program. The program is executed by a processor to implement the shutter exposure method in the first aspect.

[0161] More specifically, the readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, a portable disc, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0162] In possible implementation manners, the present application can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code for causing a terminal device to execute the steps of the shutter exposure method in the first aspect when the program product is run on the terminal device.

[0163] The program code for executing the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, and can be executed entirely on the user device, partially on the user device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user device and partially on a remote device, or entirely on a remote device.

[0164] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered within the scope of the present application.

[0165] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A shutter exposure method characterized by, The method is applied to a code reader for identifying an identification code in a motion process, the code reader comprising a lens in which an electrochromic aperture is arranged, and the method comprises: in response to a shutter exposure instruction, respectively exposing a plurality of rows of pixels in an image sensor; according to an environmental parameter of the code reader, obtaining a start exposure time of an nth row of pixels in the image sensor and an end exposure time of a first row of pixels; controlling the electrochromic aperture to be in a light-transmitting state within a preset time period after the start exposure time of the nth row of pixels and before the end exposure time of the first row of pixels, so as to obtain an identification code image; a maximum length of the preset time period is determined based on a speed parameter of the identification code and a pixel offset amount of the identification code in the image sensor, and a minimum length of the preset time period is determined based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter and an adjustment step length; wherein the code reader is further configured to cooperate with the supplementary light source, and before the minimum length of the preset time period is determined, the code reader is pre-adjusted to determine the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step length; based on the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, the adjustment step length and the minimum length of the preset time period, the supplementary light source intensity is determined; the electrochromic aperture comprises a central circular portion and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, each of the concentric ring portions and the circular portion is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly; the aperture is adjusted by controlling each of the electrode control assemblies to adjust the corresponding concentric ring portions to be in a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state, and adjust the corresponding circular portion to be in a light-transmitting state or a light-blocking state; based on the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the concentric ring portions and the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the circular portion, the aperture size is determined.

2. A shutter exposure method according to claim 1, characterized by, the maximum length of the preset time period is configured as: a ratio of the speed parameter of the identification code to a maximum pixel offset amount of the identification code in the image sensor.

3. The shutter exposure method according to claim 1, wherein the minimum length of the preset time period is determined according to the following formula: f(L,E,F) = C + F 2 f(L*E)*△T wherein C represents the correction coefficient, F represents the aperture, L represents the supplementary light source intensity, E represents the image sensor gain parameter, △T represents the adjustment step length, and f(L, E, F) represents the length of the preset time period; when the supplementary light source intensity and the image sensor gain parameter take maximum values, and the aperture F value is minimum, the minimum length of the preset time period is obtained.

4. The shutter exposure method according to claim 1, wherein the code reader further cooperates with a distance measuring sensor, and the distance measuring sensor is used to obtain a test distance to the identification code; before the shutter exposure instruction is responded to, the method further comprises: in response to the test distance being outside a preset distance range, adjusting the focal length, or adjusting the aperture and the focal length.

5. The shutter exposure method according to claim 1, wherein before the electrochromic aperture is turned on, the method further comprises: controlling the opening time and the closing time of the supplementary light source according to the start time of the preset time period and the end time of the preset time period, wherein the supplementary light source is turned on before the start time of the preset time period and turned off after the end time of the preset time period.

6. The shutter exposure method according to claim 1, wherein The supplementary light source intensity is determined according to the following formula: L = F 2 ΔT / (E * (f(L, E, F) - C)) Wherein, C represents a correction coefficient, F represents an aperture, L represents a supplementary light source intensity, E represents an image sensor gain parameter, △T represents an adjustment step, and f(L, E, F) represents a length of the preset period.

7. A shutter exposure apparatus characterized by comprising: The device is applied to a code reader for identifying an identification code in a movement process, the code reader comprising a lens in which an electrochromic aperture is arranged, and the device comprising a response module, an acquisition module, a control module and a determination module; wherein: The response module is configured to expose multiple rows of pixels in the image sensor respectively in response to a shutter exposure instruction; The acquisition module is configured to acquire a starting exposure time of an nth row of pixels and an ending exposure time of a first row of pixels in the image sensor according to environmental parameters of the code reader; The control module is configured to control the electrochromic aperture to be in a light-transmitting state within a preset period after the starting exposure time of the nth row of pixels and before the ending exposure time of the first row of pixels, so as to acquire an identification code image; The determination module is configured to determine a maximum length of the preset period based on a speed parameter of the identification code and a pixel offset of the identification code in the image sensor, and determine a minimum length of the preset period based on a correction coefficient, an aperture, a supplementary light source intensity, an image sensor gain parameter and an adjustment step; The code reader is further configured to cooperate with the supplementary light source, to determine the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter and the adjustment step by pre-adjusting the code reader before determining the minimum length of the preset period, and to determine the supplementary light source intensity based on the correction coefficient, the aperture, the image sensor gain parameter, the adjustment step and the minimum length of the preset period. The electrochromic aperture comprises a circular portion at the center and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, each of the concentric ring portions and the circular portion is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly, the aperture size is determined based on the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the concentric ring portions and the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the circular portion by adjusting the corresponding concentric ring portions to be in the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state and adjusting the corresponding circular portion to be in the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state through controlling each of the electrode control assemblies.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device is applied to the shutter exposure method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, and the device comprises: An electrochromic aperture assembly comprising a circular portion at the center and at least one concentric ring portion surrounding the circular portion, each of the concentric ring portions and the circular portion is provided with a corresponding electrode control assembly, the aperture size is determined based on the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the concentric ring portions and the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state of the circular portion by adjusting the corresponding concentric ring portions to be in the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state and adjusting the corresponding circular portion to be in the light-transmitting state or the light-blocking state through controlling each of the electrode control assemblies; A lens assembly in which the electrochromic aperture assembly is arranged, for focusing the imaging of the identification code to the image sensor. An image sensor or an image sensor with global reset function, wherein the image sensor is configured to receive a light signal passing through the electrochromic aperture assembly and the lens assembly and convert the light signal into an electrical signal; the image sensor with global reset function is configured to control the image sensor to stop photoelectric conversion during the light blocking period of the electrochromic aperture, and control all rows of pixels to start exposure at a reset invalid time point by a signal, wherein the reset invalid time point is the same as the start time point of the preset time period; A control module electrically connected with the electrochromic aperture assembly, the lens assembly, the ranging sensor, and the image sensor or the image sensor with global reset function.

9. A shutter exposure system, characterized by, The system is applied to the shutter exposure method according to any one of claims 1-6, and the system comprises: A code reader configured to identify an identification code in a motion process; A supplementary light source configured to cooperate with the code reader, and configured to turn on the supplementary light source before the opening time point of the electrochromic aperture and turn off the supplementary light source after the closing time point of the electrochromic aperture.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the shutter exposure method according to any one of claims 1-6.

Images