Centrifugal model experiment device for simulating multiple hydrodynamic effects

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifugal model experiment device for simulating multiple dynamic water effects. The centrifugal model experiment device comprises an experiment model box, an experiment water tank, a folding fluid regulator, an internal circulation water supplementing pipeline, a water vapor adjusting pipeline and a reservoir water pipeline. The experimental water tank is arranged in the experimental model box; a side slope generalization model is arranged outside the top surface of the experimental water tank, and the folding fluid regulators are arranged above and on the side surface of the side slope generalization model; one end of the internal circulation water replenishing pipeline is connected with the experimental water tank, and the other end is connected with a water source and the folding fluid regulator; one end of the water-gas adjusting pipeline is connected with the experimental water tank, and the other end extends out of the experimental water tank; one end of the reservoir water pipeline extends to the bottom surface of the experimental water tank, and the other end extends out of the top surface of the experimental water tank. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the foldable fluid regulator can simulate a rainfall working condition and an underground water seepage working condition; water in the experiment water tank is controlled to flow into the experiment model box through the reservoir water pipeline, and the reservoir water level lifting working condition can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction and operation of large-scale water conservancy and hydropower projects, reservoir bank slope instability has become a frequent type of geological disaster in reservoir areas. It is worth noting that the stability of reservoir bank slopes is significantly affected by multiple dynamic water processes, among which hydrological factors such as rainfall infiltration, dynamic changes in groundwater, and periodic rises and falls in reservoir water levels are often key triggers for landslide geological disasters.

[0003] The centrifuge is an effective tool for simulating the catastrophic evolution of landslides under the influence of dynamic water. Its basic principle is to use a centrifugal force field to simulate a gravitational field. By increasing the centrifugal acceleration experienced by the model (N times the gravitational acceleration g), the model can maintain the same stress field and deformation characteristics as the prototype even at a scaled-down (1 / N) scale. This technical characteristic allows researchers to realistically reproduce the deformation evolution of actual slopes under the influence of multiple factors of dynamic water, such as rainfall infiltration, groundwater level fluctuations, and periodic rises and falls in reservoir water levels, under laboratory conditions using significantly scaled-down experimental models and significantly compressed test periods. This "spatiotemporal compression" effect means that centrifuge tests completed in a few hours can equivalently simulate slope evolution processes that take months or even years in nature, providing an efficient research method for revealing the mechanisms of landslide catastrophic events under the influence of multiple factors of dynamic water.

[0004] However, existing centrifugation model devices have the following shortcomings during testing:

[0005] ① Limited simulation of working conditions. Existing centrifugal model experimental devices can generally only independently simulate one or two working conditions such as rainfall, groundwater changes, or reservoir water level rise and fall. It is difficult to simultaneously simulate the working conditions of three dynamic water effects. These technical defects make it impossible for existing devices to realistically reproduce the catastrophic process of natural slopes under the complex dynamic water effects.

[0006] ② Defects in groundwater simulation. The commonly used simple perforated baffle structure has the technical defect of unadjustable seepage pressure.

[0007] ③ Distortion in rainfall simulation. Traditional rainfall systems use fixed pipe / plate structures, which cannot accurately reflect the rainfall distribution characteristics on the slope surface, nor can they reduce the trajectory deviation of raindrops caused by centrifugal airflow.

[0008] A search revealed that application publication number CN115825380A discloses a centrifuge model test device and method for simulating combined reservoir water level rise and fall with rainfall. Specifically, the test device includes a reservoir water level rise and fall unit and a rainfall unit. The reservoir water level rise and fall unit includes a centrifuge model test chamber, a water supply tank and a middle-level drainage tank installed on one side of the chamber, and a soil slope and a bottom-level drainage tank on the other side. The rainfall unit includes a rainfall device, a water storage tank, and a solenoid valve. The rainfall device is installed above the soil slope, and the water storage tank and solenoid valve are fixed to the central platform of the centrifuge. The rainfall device is connected to the water storage tank via a flexible hose. However, this existing technology cannot simultaneously simulate rainfall infiltration, groundwater changes, and periodic rises and falls in reservoir water level.

[0009] In summary, the technical problem that needs to be solved is how to design a centrifugal model experimental device that can simultaneously simulate three types of dynamic water effects. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, which makes it difficult to simulate multiple dynamic water effects at the same time, and to provide a centrifugal model experimental device for simulating multiple dynamic water effects.

[0011] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, a centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects is provided, comprising an experimental model box, an experimental water tank, a foldable fluid regulator, an internal circulation water supply pipeline, a water-air regulation pipeline, and a reservoir water pipeline; the experimental model box is placed on the basket of a centrifuge.

[0013] The side of the experimental model box closest to the ground is the bottom surface, and the experimental water tank is arranged inside the bottom surface of the experimental model box; the surface of the experimental water tank away from the bottom surface of the experimental model box is the top surface, and a slope generalization model is provided on the outside of the top surface; the foldable fluid controller is arranged above and on the side of the slope generalization model.

[0014] One end of the internal circulation water supply pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and the other end is connected to the water source and the folded fluid regulator; one end of the water-gas regulating pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and the other end extends to the outside of the experimental water tank, with high-pressure gas flowing inside; one end of the reservoir water pipeline extends to the surface of the experimental water tank near the bottom of the experimental model box, and the other end extends to the outside of the top surface of the experimental water tank.

[0015] The foldable fluid controller includes multiple fluid intelligent control units connected by multi-angle positioning hinges.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the fluid intelligent control unit includes a micro water storage chamber, a water pressure controller, and a porous permeation plate stacked sequentially.

[0017] The miniature water storage chamber is hollow inside, and the hollow chamber is connected to the internal circulation water supply pipeline through the first hose. A first solenoid valve is installed inside the hollow chamber on the side near the water pressure controller.

[0018] The water pressure controller includes a mounting plate and a filter, a micro flow meter, a first water pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve, and a second water pressure sensor, which are mounted on the mounting plate and connected in sequence via a second hose; a second solenoid valve is also mounted on the mounting plate.

[0019] The porous permeation plate is provided with multiple drainage holes, which are connected by water guide pipes; a water guide pipe switch is installed on the water guide pipe, and a detachable nozzle is provided on the drainage hole;

[0020] The first solenoid valve is connected to the filter via a hose, and the second solenoid valve is connected to the second water pressure sensor and the water pipe switch via a hose.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the multi-angle positioning hinge includes a bushing, a first hinge body, a second hinge body, a pivot screw, a nut, and a telescopic rod;

[0022] The rotating shaft screw passes through the bushing, the first hinge body and the second hinge body in sequence. The nut is screwed onto the end of the rotating shaft screw. One end of the first hinge body and the second hinge body are rotatably connected, and the other end is respectively connected to the side of two adjacent fluid intelligent control units.

[0023] The first hinge body is provided with a first slide rail and a first positioning slider that is slidably connected to the first slide rail; the second hinge body is provided with a second slide rail and a second positioning slider that is slidably connected to the second slide rail; the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively rotatably connected to the first positioning slider and the second positioning slider; the first positioning slider and the second positioning slider are respectively provided with a first positioning slider screw and a second positioning slider screw.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the telescopic rod includes a first telescopic section and a second telescopic section, and one end of the first telescopic section and the second telescopic section is fixed by a locking nut.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, the experimental model box has a sliding rod at the top inside, and the sliding rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the experimental model box; the foldable fluid regulator is fixed on the sliding rod.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, the slope generalization model includes a horizontal section and a sloping section;

[0027] One of the folded fluid controllers is attached to the side of the horizontal section away from the slope section, and the other folded fluid controller is located above the slope generalization model, with the two fluid control units after folding parallel to the surfaces of the horizontal section and the slope section, respectively.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution, the experimental model box is provided with a transparent observation window on its side, and the experimental water tank is provided with a water level observation window.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution, the other end of the internal circulation water supply pipeline is connected to one interface of the four-way connector through the internal circulation water supply solenoid valve, and the other three interfaces of the four-way connector are respectively connected to the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline.

[0030] The first pipeline is connected to a water source and a water supply solenoid valve is installed on the first pipeline; the second pipeline is connected to a folded fluid controller arranged above the slope generalization model and a rainfall controller solenoid valve is installed on the second pipeline; the third pipeline is connected to a folded fluid controller arranged on the side of the slope generalization model and a groundwater controller solenoid valve is installed on the third pipeline.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution, a liquid level sensor is provided on the outer side of the top surface of the experimental water tank; a drain valve is provided on the side of the experimental water tank.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution, a water-gas regulating solenoid valve is installed on the water-gas regulating pipeline; and a reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve is installed on the reservoir water pipeline.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1) The foldable fluid controller located above the slope generalization model can simulate rainfall conditions; the foldable fluid controller located on the side of the slope generalization model can simulate groundwater seepage conditions; high-pressure gas is introduced into the water-gas regulating pipeline to control the water in the experimental water tank to flow into the experimental model box through the reservoir water pipeline, simulating the rise and fall of the reservoir water level; the internal circulation water replenishment pipeline can realize water replenishment operation when the experimental model box is in a high-speed rotation state, satisfying the comprehensive simulation of multiple dynamic water effects; the foldable fluid controller includes multiple fluid intelligent control units connected by multi-angle positioning hinges, which are highly flexible and can realize customized multi-angle rainfall, adapt to the coverage requirements of slope generalization models of different sizes, and effectively reduce the influence of centrifugal airflow on raindrop trajectory; the various parts work together to realize the synchronous simulation of three conditions: rainfall, groundwater changes and reservoir water level rise and fall.

[0035] 2) The miniature water storage chamber of the fluid intelligent control unit of this invention can temporarily store simulated water; the filter of the water pressure controller can filter water impurities to prevent clogging; the miniature flow meter monitors the water flow in real time; the first water pressure sensor monitors the initial water pressure in real time; the regulating valve adjusts to the target water pressure according to experimental requirements; the second water pressure sensor monitors whether the adjusted water pressure meets the standard; the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve control the supply and switching of simulated water; the drain hole can be replaced with nozzles of different models and functions according to specific experimental requirements. Combined with the fluid control capability of this device, it can simulate the rainfall conditions and groundwater conditions of hypergravity experiments.

[0036] 3) The present invention enables the bushing, the first positioning slider screw, the second positioning slider screw and the telescopic rod to work together to make the bushing, the first hinge and the second hinge flexible and stable to maintain the required angle, so as to adapt to the angle requirements of different slope generalization models.

[0037] 4) The experimental model box of this invention is equipped with a movable slide bar on the top. The foldable fluid regulator is fixed on the slide bar, which can effectively reduce the influence of centrifugal airflow on the trajectory of raindrops.

[0038] 5) The present invention has a foldable fluid controller located above the slope generalization model, and the two fluid intelligent control units after folding are parallel to the surface of the horizontal part and the slope part respectively, so that the simulated rainwater is perpendicular to the surface of the slope generalization model, which can meet the rainfall coverage requirements of the slope surface.

[0039] 6) The experimental model box of this invention is equipped with an observation window, and the experimental water tank is equipped with a water level observation window. The deformation of the generalized slope model inside the experimental model box and the water level change inside the experimental water tank can be monitored in real time by a high-speed camera.

[0040] 7) The experimental water tank of this invention is equipped with a liquid level sensor on the top outer side and a drain valve on the side. The drain valve can completely drain the residual water in the experimental model box and the experimental water tank after the experiment. The liquid level sensor can be used to control the height of the water level in the tank.

[0041] 8) The water-air regulating solenoid valve and the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve of the present invention can be used together to control the regulation of the reservoir water level. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a centrifugal model experimental device for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a centrifugal model experimental device for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the invention installed on the basket of a centrifuge.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the foldable fluid controller of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-angle positioning hinge structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the fluid intelligent control unit of the present invention;

[0048] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0049] 1. Shaft, 2. Arm, 3. Suspended basket, 4. Nut, 5. Bushing, 6. First hinge, 7. Second hinge, 8. Shaft screw, 9. First slide rail, 10. First positioning slider, 11. Second slide rail, 12. Second positioning slider, 13. Shaft hole, 14. First positioning slider screw, 15. Second positioning slider screw, 16. Locking screw sleeve, 17. Telescopic rod, 18. Miniature water storage chamber, 19. Water pressure controller, 20. Porous permeation plate, 21. First hose, 22. First solenoid valve, 23. Second hose, 24. Filter, 25. Miniature flow meter, 26. First water pressure sensor, 27. Pressure regulating valve, 28. Second water pressure sensor, 29. 2. Solenoid valve, 30. Water guide pipe, 31. Drain hole, 32. Threaded hole, 33. Experimental model box, 34. Experimental water tank, 35. Slope generalization model, 36. Folded fluid controller, 37. Internal circulation water supply pipeline, 38. Water and air regulation pipeline, 39. Reservoir water pipeline, 40. External water supply pipeline, 41. Four-way connector, 42. Water supply solenoid valve, 43. Internal circulation water supply solenoid valve, 44. Rainfall controller solenoid valve, 45. Groundwater controller solenoid valve, 46. Reservoir water level regulation solenoid valve, 47. Liquid level sensor, 48. Water and air regulation solenoid valve, 49. Drain valve, 50. Transparent observation window, 51. Sliding rod, 52. Water level observation window, 53. Water source. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] This invention provides a centrifuge model experimental device for simulating multiple dynamic water effects, capable of simultaneously simulating multiple dynamic water effects such as rainfall, groundwater changes, and periodic rises and falls in reservoir water levels. It overcomes the limitations of existing centrifuge model experimental devices that can only simulate single or two factors, and can realistically reproduce the complex landslide disaster process induced by the superposition of multiple dynamic water factors under natural conditions; for example... Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is installed on the basket 3 of the centrifuge. The basket 3 is connected to the rotating shaft 1 via the rotating arm 2. For the centrifuge acceleration of Ng, the invention ensures that the weight difference caused by the counterweight at the experimental end is within the allowable range of the soil centrifuge. After the centrifuge is started, the rotating arm 2 rotates along the rotating shaft 1. Then the basket 3 drives the experimental model box 33 to gradually rotate from the initial vertical position to the horizontal position, so that the experimental model box 33 can be tested in a hypergravity environment.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention includes an experimental model box 33, an experimental water tank 34, a foldable fluid regulator 36, an internal circulation water supply pipeline 37, a water-air regulating pipeline 38, and a reservoir water pipeline 39.

[0053] A transparent observation window 50 is set on the wall of the experimental model box 33, through which a high-speed camera can monitor the deformation of the slope generalization model 35 in real time.

[0054] The experimental model box 33 has movable slide bars 51 on both sides of the top. The foldable fluid controller 36 is fixed to the slide bars 51 by binding, which can effectively reduce the influence of centrifugal airflow on the trajectory of raindrops and meet the rainfall coverage requirements of the slope.

[0055] The experimental water tank 34 is installed on the bottom surface inside the experimental model tank 33. A simplified slope model 35 is placed on the outer side of the top surface of the experimental water tank 34. The simplified slope model 35 includes a horizontal section and a sloping section. A drain valve 49 and a liquid level sensor 47 are installed on the area of ​​the top surface of the experimental water tank 34 where the simplified slope model 35 is not placed. A water level observation window 52 is provided on the tank wall, through which a high-speed camera can observe the changes in the water level inside the experimental water tank 34. The experimental water tank 34 is a sealed structure.

[0056] One end of the internal circulation water supply pipe 37 is connected to the experimental water tank 34 and attached to the bottom of the experimental water tank 34. The other end is connected to a four-way connector 41, and then connected to an external water source 53, a folded fluid regulator 36 arranged above the slope generalized model 35, and a folded fluid regulator 36 arranged on the side of the slope generalized model 35. An internal circulation water supply solenoid valve 43 is installed between the four-way connector 41 and the end of the internal circulation water supply pipe 37 located at the bottom of the experimental water tank 34. A water supply solenoid valve 42 is installed on the external water supply pipe 40 between the four-way connector 41 and the water source 53. A rainfall regulator solenoid valve 44 is installed on the pipe between the four-way connector 41 and the folded fluid regulator 36 arranged above the slope generalized model 35. A groundwater regulator solenoid valve 45 is installed on the pipe between the four-way connector 41 and the folded fluid regulator 36 arranged on the side of the slope generalized model 35.

[0057] The water-gas regulating pipeline 38 is filled with high-pressure gas. One end is connected to the experimental water tank 34, and the other end is open. A water-gas regulating solenoid valve 48 is installed on the water-gas regulating pipeline 38.

[0058] One end of the reservoir water pipe 39 is connected to the experimental water tank 34 and attached to the bottom of the experimental water tank 34, and the other end extends into the experimental model box 33 on the outside of the top of the experimental water tank 34. A reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46 is installed on the reservoir water pipe 39.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the foldable fluid controller 36 includes multiple fluid intelligent control units connected by multi-angle positioning hinges. The drain hole 31 at the bottom of the foldable fluid controller 36 can be fitted with nozzles of different models and functions according to specific experimental needs. Combined with the fluid control capabilities of this device, it can simulate rainfall and groundwater conditions in hypergravity experiments. The foldable fluid controller 36 features a modular design that can be disassembled and assembled, and multi-angle positioning adjustment functions, enabling simultaneous simulation of rainfall and groundwater conditions, meeting the dynamic water control needs under different experimental conditions.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the multi-angle positioning hinge includes a bushing 5, a first hinge body 6, a second hinge body 7, a pivot screw 8, a nut 4, and a telescopic rod 17.

[0061] The rotating screw 8 passes through the center of the bushing 5, the first hinge 6, and the second hinge 7 in sequence. The nut 4 is screwed onto the end of the rotating screw 8, so that one end of the first hinge 6 and the second hinge 7 forms a rotating connection structure, and the other end is provided with a shaft hole 13, which is connected to the threaded hole 32 on the side wall of the micro water storage chamber 18 of the two adjacent fluid intelligent control units through the shaft hole 13 respectively.

[0062] The first hinge body 6 is provided with a first slide rail 9 and a first positioning slider 10 slidably connected to the first slide rail 9. The second hinge body 7 is provided with a second slide rail 11 and a second positioning slider 12 slidably connected to the second slide rail 11. One end of the telescopic rod 17 is connected to the first positioning slider 10 via a first positioning slider screw 14, and the other end is connected to the second positioning slider 12 via a second positioning slider screw 15. The telescopic rod 17 includes a first telescopic section and a second telescopic section. One end of the first telescopic section and the second telescopic section are fixed by a locking sleeve 16. The length of the telescopic rod 17 can be freely adjusted and fixed by the first positioning slider 10, the second positioning slider 12, and the locking sleeve 16. Through the coordinated cooperation of the pivot screw 8, the first positioning slider screw 14, the second positioning slider screw 15, and the telescopic rod 17, the bushing 5, the first hinge body 6, and the second hinge body 7 can be flexibly adjusted and stably maintained at the required angle.

[0063] Both ends are rotatably connected to the first positioning slider 10 and the second positioning slider 12 respectively; the first positioning slider 10 and the second positioning slider 12 are respectively provided with the first positioning slider screw 14 and the second positioning slider screw 15.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the fluid intelligent control unit includes a miniature water storage chamber 18, a water pressure controller 19, and a porous permeation plate 20 stacked from top to bottom, assembled by screws located in the corners; the miniature water storage chamber 18 has a hollow interior, which is connected to an internal circulation water supply pipeline 37 via a first flexible hose 21. The internal circulation water supply pipeline 37 inputs experimental water into the cavity for storage, and a first solenoid valve 22 is installed at the bottom of the cavity; the water pressure controller 19 includes a mounting plate and a filter 24, a miniature flow meter 25, a first water pressure sensor 26, and a pressure regulating valve 27 mounted on the mounting plate and connected in sequence via a second flexible hose 23. A second water pressure sensor 28 is installed on the mounting plate; a second solenoid valve 29 is also installed on the mounting plate; the porous permeation plate 20 is provided with multiple drainage holes 31, which are arranged in an array to make the simulated rainwater more uniform, and the drainage holes 31 are connected by a water guide pipe 30; a water guide pipe 30 switch is installed on the water guide pipe 30, and a detachable nozzle is provided on the drainage hole 31 to support the quick replacement of nozzles of different models and functions, thereby changing the water pressure and water flow switch; the first solenoid valve 22 is connected to the filter 24 through a hose, and the second solenoid valve 29 is connected to the second water pressure sensor 28 and the water guide pipe 30 switch through a hose.

[0065] The foldable fluid controller 36 is detachable, can be positioned at multiple angles, has adjustable water pressure, and can store water. It can be used as a rainfall and groundwater module to simulate rainfall and groundwater conditions respectively. When used as a rainfall module, the foldable fluid controller 36 is placed above the slope generalization model 35, folded to be parallel to the upper surface of the horizontal and sloping parts of the slope generalization model 35. The nozzle array on the porous seepage plate 20 and its multi-angle positioning feature enable uniform coverage of rainfall on the slope surface, precise control of rainfall intensity, and reduction of interference of centrifugal airflow on the trajectory of raindrops in the centrifugal field. When used as a groundwater module, the foldable fluid controller 36 is attached to one side of the horizontal part of the slope generalization model 35. Based on the built-in water pressure controller 19 and quick-change nozzle interface design, it intelligently controls the seepage pressure and seepage position in the centrifugal model experiment, solving the technical problem that traditional baffle-type groundwater devices cannot simulate dynamic seepage pressure under actual hydrogeological conditions.

[0066] The working process of the folded fluid controller 36 is as follows:

[0067] 1) Water enters the cavity through the first flexible tube 21 of the micro water storage chamber 18 and is temporarily stored;

[0068] 2) When simulating rainfall or groundwater conditions, the first solenoid valve 22 is opened, and water flows along the second hose 23 into the water pressure controller 19, and then flows through the following functional units in sequence:

[0069] ①Filter 24; filters impurities in the water to prevent clogging;

[0070] ② Miniature flow meter 25; real-time monitoring of water flow;

[0071] ③ First water pressure sensor 26; Real-time detection of initial water pressure;

[0072] ④ Pressure regulating valve 27; adjust to the target water pressure according to experimental requirements;

[0073] ⑤ Second water pressure sensor 28; monitors and provides feedback on whether the adjusted water pressure meets the standard;

[0074] 3) After the water body is regulated, the second solenoid valve 29 is opened, and the water body enters the porous seepage plate 20 and flows along the water guide pipe 30 to the drainage hole 31, thereby realizing the accurate simulation of rainfall and groundwater dynamic changes.

[0075] The specific workflow of this invention under different working conditions is as follows:

[0076] (1) Water replenishment operation under high speed rotation: Open water supply solenoid valve 42, internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43, rainfall controller solenoid valve 44, groundwater controller solenoid valve 45 and water and air regulating solenoid valve 48. The external water source 53 completes the water replenishment operation of micro water storage chamber 18 and experimental water tank 34 under the action of centrifugal force. After the water replenishment is completed, close the above solenoid valves in sequence.

[0077] (2) Rainfall simulation: Close the internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43 and the groundwater regulator solenoid valve 45, and open the water supply solenoid valve 42 and the rainfall regulator solenoid valve 44. Water enters the micro water storage chamber 18. According to the experimental requirements for rainfall intensity, the target water pressure value is set through the water pressure controller 19. The water flows through the porous seepage plate 20 to realize rainfall simulation. After the rainfall simulation ends, open the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46 to complete water recovery.

[0078] (3) Groundwater seepage condition: Close the internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43 and the rainfall controller solenoid valve 44, and open the water supply solenoid valve 42 and the groundwater controller solenoid valve 45. According to the experimental requirements of the groundwater level, set the target water pressure value through the water pressure controller 19, and the water flows through the porous seepage plate 20 to realize the groundwater seepage simulation. After the groundwater seepage condition is completed, open the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46 to complete the water recovery.

[0079] (4) Reservoir water level rise condition: Close the internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43, open the water-gas regulating solenoid valve 48 and the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46, and inject high-pressure gas into the experimental water tank 34 through the water-gas regulating pipeline 38 at the laboratory end. Water flows through the reservoir water pipeline 39 into the experimental model box 33 to achieve water level rise. With the help of the liquid level sensor 47, any water level height can be precisely controlled.

[0080] (5) Reservoir water level drop: Close the internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43, open the water and air regulating solenoid valve 48 and the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46, keep the water and air regulating pipeline 38 at the laboratory end in an open state, so that the experimental water tank 34 is connected to the atmosphere, and under the action of centrifugal force, the water flows back to the experimental water tank 34 through the reservoir water pipeline 39 to achieve water level drop.

[0081] (6) No external water supply 53 condition: With the allowable water weight reserved in the experimental water tank 34, close the reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve 46, and open the water-gas regulating solenoid valve 48, the rainfall controller solenoid valve 44, the groundwater controller solenoid valve 45, and the internal circulation water replenishment solenoid valve 43. High-pressure gas is injected into the laboratory through the water-gas regulating pipeline 38 to drive water to flow through the internal circulation water replenishment pipeline 37 to the folded fluid controller 36. After completing the water replenishment operation of the micro water storage chamber 18, rainfall and groundwater seepage simulation can still be achieved even without an external water supply 53. The reservoir water level rise and fall can still be operated according to the aforementioned condition.

[0082] After the centrifugation experiment is completed, open the drain valve 49 and the water-gas regulating solenoid valve 48, and keep the water-gas regulating pipeline 38 at the laboratory end in an open state to completely drain the residual water in the experimental water tank 34.

[0083] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects, characterized in that, It includes an experimental model box (33), an experimental water tank (34), a foldable fluid regulator (36), an internal circulation water supply pipeline (37), a water-air regulating pipeline (38), and a reservoir water pipeline (39); the experimental model box (33) is placed on the basket (3) of the centrifuge. The side of the experimental model box (33) closest to the ground is the bottom surface, and the experimental water tank (34) is arranged on the bottom surface inside the experimental model box (33); the surface of the experimental water tank (34) away from the bottom surface of the experimental model box (33) is the top surface, and a slope generalization model (35) is provided on the outside of the top surface; the foldable fluid controller (36) is arranged above and on the side of the slope generalization model (35); One end of the internal circulation water supply pipeline (37) is connected to the experimental water tank (34), and the other end is connected to the water source (53) and the folded fluid regulator (36); one end of the water-gas regulating pipeline (38) is connected to the experimental water tank (34), and the other end extends to the outside of the experimental water tank (34), with high-pressure gas flowing inside; one end of the reservoir water pipeline (39) extends to the surface of the experimental water tank (34) near the bottom of the experimental model box (33), and the other end extends to the outside of the top surface of the experimental water tank (34); The foldable fluid controller (36) includes multiple fluid intelligent control units connected by multi-angle positioning hinges.

2. The centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid intelligent control unit includes a micro water storage chamber (18), a water pressure controller (19), and a porous permeation plate (20) stacked in sequence; The micro water storage chamber (18) is hollow inside. The hollow chamber is connected to the internal circulation water supply pipeline (37) through the first hose (21). A first solenoid valve (22) is installed on the side of the hollow chamber near the water pressure controller (19). The water pressure controller (19) includes a mounting plate and a filter (24), a micro flow meter (25), a first water pressure sensor (26), a pressure regulating valve (27), and a second water pressure sensor (28) mounted on the mounting plate and connected in sequence via a second hose (23); a second solenoid valve (29) is also mounted on the mounting plate. The porous permeation plate (20) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (31), and the drainage holes (31) are connected by a water guide pipe (30); a water guide pipe (30) switch is installed on the water guide pipe (30), and a detachable nozzle is provided on the drainage hole (31); The first solenoid valve (22) is connected to the filter (24) via a hose, and the second solenoid valve (29) is connected to the second water pressure sensor (28) and the water pipe (30) via a hose.

3. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-angle positioning hinge includes a bushing (5), a first hinge body (6), a second hinge body (7), a pivot screw (8), a nut (4), and a telescopic rod (17); The rotating screw (8) passes through the bushing (5), the first hinge (6) and the second hinge (7) in sequence. The nut (4) is screwed on the end of the rotating screw (8). The first hinge (6) and the second hinge (7) are rotatably connected at one end and connected to the side of two adjacent fluid control units respectively at the other end. The first hinge (6) is provided with a first slide rail (9) and a first positioning slider (10) slidably connected to the first slide rail (9); the second hinge (7) is provided with a second slide rail (11) and a second positioning slider (12) slidably connected to the second slide rail (11); the two ends of the telescopic rod (17) are respectively rotatably connected to the first positioning slider (10) and the second positioning slider (12); the first positioning slider (10) and the second positioning slider (12) are respectively provided with a first positioning slider screw (14) and a second positioning slider screw (15).

4. The centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (17) includes a first telescopic section and a second telescopic section, one end of which is fixed by a locking nut (16).

5. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental model box (33) is equipped with a slide rod (51) at the top inside, and the slide rod (51) is slidably connected to the side wall of the experimental model box (33); the foldable fluid regulator (36) is fixed on the slide rod (51).

6. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generalized slope model (35) includes a horizontal section and a sloping section; One of the folded fluid controllers (36) is attached to the side of the horizontal section away from the slope section, and the other folded fluid controller (36) is located above the slope generalization model (35), with the two fluid control units after folding parallel to the surfaces of the horizontal section and the slope section, respectively.

7. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental model box (33) is provided with a transparent observation window (50) on the side, and the experimental water tank (34) is provided with a water level observation window (52).

8. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the internal circulation water supply pipeline (37) is connected to one port of the four-way connector (41) through the internal circulation water supply solenoid valve (43). The other three ports of the four-way connector (41) are respectively connected to the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline. The first pipeline is connected to a water source (53) and a water supply solenoid valve (42) is installed on the first pipeline; The second pipeline is connected to a folded fluid regulator (36) arranged above the slope generalization model (35) and a rainfall regulator solenoid valve (44) is installed on the second pipeline; the third pipeline is connected to a folded fluid regulator (36) arranged on the side of the slope generalization model (35) and a groundwater regulator solenoid valve (45) is installed on the third pipeline.

9. The centrifugal model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental water tank (34) is equipped with a liquid level sensor (47) on the outer side of its top surface; the experimental water tank (34) is equipped with a drain valve (49) on its side.

10. The centrifuge model experimental apparatus for simulating multiple dynamic water effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water-air regulating solenoid valve (48) is installed on the water-air regulating pipeline (38); a reservoir water level regulating solenoid valve (46) is installed on the reservoir water pipeline (39).

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