Abrasion-resistant fabric tensile resistance testing apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of textile material detection, and specifically provides a wear-resistant fabric tensile resistance detection equipment, which comprises a base, one side of the upper end of the base is provided with a first support, a clamping mechanism and a winding mechanism are arranged on the first support; the other side of the upper end of the base is provided with a second support, a tensile mechanism is arranged on the second support, the tensile mechanism comprises a first curved surface profiling roller and a second curved surface profiling roller, a gas pump assembly is arranged on the first curved surface profiling roller and used for dynamically adjusting the curved surface profiling curvature of the first curved surface profiling roller; a friction assembly is arranged on the second curved surface profiling roller and used for rubbing the fabric during fabric curved surface stretching; through the cooperative design of the pneumatic curved surface profiling roller and the friction roller, the dynamic curvature stretching of the wear-resistant fabric, the synchronous detection of the surface wear and the breaking state are realized in a single equipment for the first time, and the reliability evaluation is suitable for dynamic curved surface application scenes such as a sail and a safety airbag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile material testing technology, specifically to a device for testing the tensile strength of abrasion-resistant fabrics. Background Technology

[0002] Abrasion-resistant fabrics are textile materials that resist physical damage such as friction, scratching, and abrasion. They can withstand repeated friction without easily breaking, pilling, thinning, or perforating. Abrasion-resistant fabrics can be used to make work clothes, protective clothing, outdoor equipment, furniture fabrics, automotive interiors, bags, shoe materials, industrial fabrics, and more. Tensile strength testing assesses the reliability of a fabric under external forces such as weight and pressure by measuring its breaking strength and elongation during tensile testing. A published Chinese patent, publication number CN220794880U, discloses a tensile strength testing structure for textile fabric processing. The structure includes a base, a mounting bracket fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a controller fixedly installed outside the mounting bracket. Two mounting brackets are located on the left and right edges of the top of the base, respectively. Two sliding blocks are positioned between the two mounting brackets, and each sliding block has a mounting seat welded to its top. Clamping assemblies are provided on opposite sides of the two mounting seats. A stretching mechanism for displacing the two sliding blocks is provided on the mounting bracket. The clamping assembly consists of a shelf, a first electric push rod, and a clamping plate. This tensile strength testing structure for textile fabric processing allows for quick and convenient tensile testing of the textile fabric by placing it on the shelf, operating the controller to activate the clamping assembly to fix it in place, and then activating the stretching mechanism.

[0003] Although the clamping component of the tensile strength testing structure used in the aforementioned patent can fix the fabric, its linear tensioning mechanism can only generate unidirectional stress and cannot reproduce the multi-directional stress state of the curved surface. For some fabrics used to make curved products, such as abrasion-resistant fabrics used to make sails, airbags, sports protective gear, etc., the curved surface of these products is subjected to stress, and the stress of the application of curved products is not static. Just like a sail expands and contracts continuously like breathing during sailing, the existing technology can only use planar tensile testing, which cannot reflect the multi-directional stress distribution on the curved surface, let alone dynamically simulate the stress state of the curved surface. Therefore, the existing testing method is completely unsuitable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a tensile strength testing device for abrasion-resistant fabrics. By setting up a curved contour roller, the contour design of which can simulate the stress state of the fabric's curved surface, tensile testing is performed under this stress state, meeting the tensile testing requirements for fabrics used in the manufacture of curved products. The curvature of the first curved contour roller is dynamically adjusted by an air pump assembly, realistically reproducing the dynamic stress distribution of the fabric on complex curved surfaces. A friction load is simultaneously applied to the second curved contour roller by a friction assembly, achieving integrated testing of tensile-abrasion composite conditions. This is more in line with actual usage scenarios, realizing the coordinated simulation of dynamic curved contour tensile and friction, improving the testing effect, and solving the problem that the tensile strength testing structures used in the prior art cannot reproduce the multi-directional stress state of curved surfaces, resulting in poor testing effects.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a device for testing the tensile strength of abrasion-resistant fabric, including a base, a first support on one side of the upper end of the base, a clamping mechanism on the first support for fixing one end of the abrasion-resistant fabric, and a winding mechanism on the first support directly below the clamping mechanism for fixing the other end of the abrasion-resistant fabric and winding the fabric for stretching.

[0006] A second support is provided on the other side of the upper end of the base. The second support is equipped with a stretching mechanism, which includes a first curved surface contouring roller and a second curved surface contouring roller. The first curved surface contouring roller is equipped with an air pump assembly for dynamically adjusting the curvature of the first curved surface contouring roller. The second curved surface contouring roller is equipped with a friction assembly for rubbing the fabric during the stretching process of the fabric surface. The stretching mechanism also includes a first guide roller, a second guide roller, and a transition roller. The first guide roller is located between the first curved surface contouring roller and the clamping mechanism. The second guide roller is located between the second curved surface contouring roller and the winding mechanism. The transition roller is located between the first curved surface contouring roller and the second curved surface contouring roller. By cooperating with the first curved surface contouring roller and the second curved surface contouring roller, the first guide roller, the second guide roller, and the transition roller stretch the fabric, so that the fabric moves along an M-shaped path.

[0007] The air pump assembly includes an air pump, a support ring, an air bladder, and a metal skin. The support ring is sleeved on the outside of the first curved contour roller, the air bladder is sleeved on the outside of the support ring, and the metal skin is sleeved on the outside of the air bladder. The air pump is mounted on the outside of the second bracket and connected to the air bladder through an air pipe.

[0008] The cross-section of the metal skin is designed as a wavy shape with equal and evenly distributed edges.

[0009] The friction assembly includes a rotary motor and a friction roller. The friction roller is sleeved on the outside of the second curved contour roller, and the rotary motor is mounted on the outside of the second bracket with its output end connected to the friction roller.

[0010] The friction roller has multiple grooves arranged radially at equal intervals on its surface. Photoelectric detection sensors are installed in the grooves to detect the breakage state of the fabric wrapped around the second curved contour roller during the process of curved stretching and friction. One end of the friction roller is provided with an annular circuit board and a collector ring. The photoelectric detection sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board, and the circuit board is connected to external rotating wires through the collector ring.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a cylinder, a fabric support plate, and a movable plate. The fabric support plate is mounted on the side of the first bracket, the cylinder is mounted on the upper end of the first bracket and the piston end extends through the upper end of the first bracket to the fabric support plate, and the movable plate is connected to the piston end of the cylinder. The movable plate is driven by the cylinder to rise and fall and press against the fabric support plate.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the winding mechanism includes a base, a rotary drive assembly, a drive shaft, and a drum. The base is mounted on the side of the first bracket, the rotary drive assembly is mounted on one end of the base, the two ends of the drive shaft are movably mounted on the base through bearings, and one end of the drive shaft is connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly. The drum is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the roll is provided with an opening extending to both ends of the roll along the axial direction, and the two ends of the roll are fitted with clamps, which can adjust the clamping openings to fix the fabric.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive assembly comprises a drive motor, a worm gear, and a worm. The worm gear and the worm are meshed together, the worm is connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the worm gear is connected to the transmission shaft.

[0015] As described above, the abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention sets up a curved surface contouring roller. The contouring design of the curved surface contouring roller can simulate the stress state of the curved surface of the fabric and perform tensile testing under the stress state of the curved surface of the fabric, thus meeting the tensile testing requirements of fabrics used to manufacture curved surface products.

[0017] 2. This invention dynamically adjusts the curvature of the first curved surface contouring roller through an air pump assembly, realistically reproducing the dynamic stress distribution of the fabric on a complex curved surface; and applies friction load synchronously on the second curved surface contouring roller through a friction assembly, realizing integrated testing of tensile-wear composite working conditions, which is more in line with actual use scenarios, realizes the coordinated simulation of dynamic curved surface contouring tension and friction, and improves the testing effect.

[0018] 3. The present invention integrates a photoelectric detection sensor in the groove of the friction roller of the friction component, which can capture the fracture signal in real time when the fabric is subjected to curved stretching and friction, realize the real-time monitoring of the complex damage state, and avoid the efficiency loss of traditional equipment downtime detection; the design of the slip ring can ensure the continuous power supply and signal transmission of the photoelectric detection sensor in the rotating state.

[0019] 4. The present invention uses a first guide roller, a second guide roller, and a transition roller in conjunction with a first curved contour roller and a second curved contour roller to support and pull the fabric, so that the fabric moves along an M-shaped path, which can extend the fabric detection stroke within a limited base space.

[0020] 5. The combination design of the open drum and clamp of the winding mechanism can realize the quick locking and anti-slip of the fabric end, and the worm gear self-locking structure can ensure the tensile stability and reliability in the tensile holding state. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of the abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing device disclosed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing device disclosed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shown is an enlarged view of the clamping mechanism and winding mechanism installed relative to the first support in the wear-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shown is an enlarged structural schematic of the winding mechanism in the abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the air pump assembly and friction assembly mounted relative to the second support in the wear-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment disclosed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The diagram shown is an enlarged structural schematic of the air pump assembly in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 The diagram shown is an enlarged structural schematic of the friction assembly in this invention.

[0028] Component designation explanation

[0029] Base 1; First support 2; Clamping mechanism 3; Cylinder 31; Fabric support plate 32; Movable plate 33; Winding mechanism 4; Base 41; Rotary drive assembly 42; Drive motor 421; Worm gear 422; Worm 423; Transmission shaft 43; Drum 44; Opening 441; Clamp 45; Second support 5; Supporting mechanism 6; First curved surface contouring roller 61; Second curved surface contouring roller 62; First guide roller 63; Second guide roller 64; Transition roller 65; Air pump assembly 7; Air pump 71; Support ring 72; Airbag 73; Metal skin 74; Friction assembly 8; Rotary motor 81; Friction roller 82; Groove 821; Photoelectric detection sensor 83; Annular circuit board 84; Collector ring 85. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 7 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of the invention, should fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-4This invention provides a device for testing the tensile strength of abrasion-resistant fabrics, including a base 1. A first support 2 is provided on one side of the upper end of the base 1. A clamping mechanism 3 is provided on the first support 2. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 31, a fabric support plate 32, and a movable plate 33. The fabric support plate 32 is mounted on the side of the first support 2. The cylinder 31 is mounted on the upper end of the first support 2, with its piston end extending through the upper end of the first support 2 to above the fabric support plate 32. The movable plate 33 is connected to the piston end of the cylinder 31. The cylinder 31 drives the movable plate 33 to rise and fall, pressing it against the fabric support plate 32. The clamping mechanism 3 is used to fix one end of the abrasion-resistant fabric. A winding mechanism 4 is provided on the first support 2 directly below the clamping mechanism 3. The winding mechanism 4 includes a base 41, a rotation drive assembly 42, and a transmission shaft 43. The drum 44 and the base 41 are mounted on the side of the first bracket 2. The rotary drive assembly 42 consists of a drive motor 421, a worm gear 422, and a worm 423. The worm gear 422 and the worm 423 are meshed and connected. The worm 423 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 421, and the worm gear 422 is connected to the transmission shaft 43. The rotary drive assembly 42 is mounted on one end of the base 41. The two ends of the transmission shaft 43 are movably mounted on the base 41 through bearings, and one end of the transmission shaft 43 is connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly 42. The drum 44 is sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 43. The drive motor 421 drives the worm 423 to rotate, causing the worm gear 422 meshing with the worm 423 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft 43 to drive the drum 44 to rotate and wind the fabric. The winding mechanism 4 can fix the other end of the wear-resistant fabric and wind the fabric for stretching. The drum 44 has an opening 441 extending through both ends of the drum 44 along the axial direction. Both ends of the drum 44 are fitted with clamps 45. The clamps 45 can adjust the pressure of the openings 441 to fix the fabric. The combination design of the openings 441 and clamps 45 in the drum 44 of the winding mechanism 4 can achieve quick locking and anti-slip of the fabric ends. The self-locking structure of the worm gear 422 and worm 423 can ensure the tensile stability and reliability in the tensile holding state.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5On the other side of the upper end of the base 1, a second support 5 is provided, and a supporting mechanism 6 is mounted on the second support 5. The supporting mechanism 6 includes a first curved surface contouring roller 61 and a second curved surface contouring roller 62, a first guide roller 63, a second guide roller 64, and a transition roller 65. The first guide roller 63 is located between the first curved surface contouring roller 61 and the clamping mechanism 3, the second guide roller 64 is located between the second curved surface contouring roller 62 and the winding mechanism 4, and the transition roller 65 is located between the first curved surface contouring roller 61 and the second curved surface contouring roller 62. The present invention uses the first guide roller 63, the second guide roller 64, and the transition roller 65 in conjunction with the first curved surface contouring roller 61 and the second curved surface contouring roller 62 to support and pull the fabric, so that the fabric moves in an M-shaped path, which can extend the fabric detection stroke within the limited space of the base 1. Planar stretching regions exist between the first guide roller 63 and the first curved surface contouring roller 61, between the first curved surface contouring roller 61 and the transition roller 65, between the transition roller 65 and the second curved surface contouring roller 62, and between the second curved surface contouring roller 62 and the second guide roller 64. Therefore, this invention can simultaneously perform planar and curved surface stretching on the same piece of fabric, meeting fabric inspection requirements. By setting up curved surface contouring rollers, the present invention can simulate the curved surface stress state of the fabric and perform stretching tests under the curved surface stress state, meeting the stretching inspection requirements of fabrics used in the manufacture of curved surface products.

[0034] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 The first curved surface contouring roller 61 is equipped with an air pump assembly 7, which includes an air pump 71, a support ring 72, an air bladder 73, and a metal skin 74. The cross-section of the metal skin 74 is designed with evenly distributed wavy lines, and the wavy cross-section of the metal skin 74 has radial expansion and contraction allowance, which can be scaled up and down with the expansion and contraction of the air bladder 73. The support ring 72 is sleeved on the outside of the first curved surface contouring roller 61, the air bladder 73 is sleeved on the outside of the support ring 72, and the metal skin 74 is sleeved on the outside of the air bladder 73. The air pump 71 is mounted on the outside of the second bracket 5 and connected to the air bladder 73 through an air pipe. The air pump assembly 7 can dynamically adjust the curvature of the first curved surface contouring roller 61 by inflating and deflating the air bladder 73 through the air pump 71, so as to realize the dynamic stress distribution of the fabric on the complex curved surface. The second curved surface contouring roller 62 is provided with a friction component 8, which includes a rotary motor 81 and a friction roller 82. The friction roller 82 is sleeved on the outside of the second curved surface contouring roller 62, and the rotary motor 81 is mounted on the outside of the second bracket 5 and its output end is connected to the friction roller 82. When the fabric is stretched, the rotary motor 81 drives the friction roller 82 to rotate and apply friction load synchronously on the second curved surface contouring roller 62, realizing integrated testing of the tensile-wear composite working condition, which is more in line with the actual use scenario, realizes the coordinated simulation of dynamic curved surface contouring stretching and friction, and improves the detection effect.

[0035] The friction roller 82 has multiple radially equidistant grooves 821 on its surface, each groove 821 containing a photoelectric detection sensor 83. Within each groove 821, several photoelectric detection sensors 83 are equidistantly distributed axially. These photoelectric detection sensors 83 employ photoelectric fiber detection, using infrared photoelectric principles for non-contact detection. They determine the fiber breakage state by analyzing changes in the pulse signal that blocks infrared light during fiber movement; the response time is less than 0.5 seconds, making them suitable for materials such as polyester and nylon, and applicable to real-time monitoring of fiber continuity in chemical fiber drafting equipment. This invention uses photoelectric detection sensors 83 to detect the fabric breakage state during curved surface stretching and friction processes on the second curved surface contour roller 62. Since the fabric is simultaneously stretched in planar, dynamic curved surface, and frictional conditions, the area subjected to frictional stretching will break first. To address the issue of fracture, this invention integrates a photoelectric detection sensor 83 within the groove 821 of the friction roller 82. This sensor can capture fracture signals in real time when the fabric is subjected to curved stretching and friction, enabling real-time monitoring of complex damage conditions and avoiding the efficiency loss associated with downtime detection in traditional equipment. One end of the friction roller 82 is equipped with an annular circuit board 84 and a collector ring 85. The photoelectric detection sensor 83 is electrically connected to the circuit board 84, which is externally connected via the collector ring 85. Specifically, the collector ring 85 includes at least a brush and a rotating ring electrically rotating within the brush. The rotating ring is connected to the circuit board 84, and the brush is connected to the second bracket 5. The collector ring 85 is a key electromechanical component for solving the transmission of electrical energy or signals between rotating and fixed components, which will not be elaborated upon here. The design of the collector ring 85 ensures continuous power supply and signal transmission for the photoelectric detection sensor 83 during rotation.

[0036] In summary, this invention, through the synergistic design of a pneumatic curved surface contouring roller and friction roller 82, achieves for the first time simultaneous detection of dynamic curvature stretching, surface wear, and fracture states of abrasion-resistant fabrics in a single device. This solves the core problems of existing technologies, such as planar stretching being detached from actual working conditions and the separation of abrasion resistance and tensile strength testing. It is particularly suitable for reliability assessment in dynamic curved surface applications such as sails and airbags. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and has high industrial application value.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the tensile strength of abrasion-resistant fabrics, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), and a first bracket (2) is provided on one side of the upper end of the base (1). A clamping mechanism (3) is provided on the first bracket (2), which is used to fix one end of the wear-resistant fabric. A winding mechanism (4) is provided on the first bracket (2) directly below the clamping mechanism (3), which is used to fix the other end of the wear-resistant fabric and wind the fabric for stretching. A second support (5) is provided on the other side of the upper end of the base (1). A stretching mechanism (6) is mounted on the second support (5). The stretching mechanism (6) includes a first curved surface contouring roller (61) and a second curved surface contouring roller (62). An air pump assembly (7) is provided on the first curved surface contouring roller (61) for dynamically adjusting the curvature of the first curved surface contouring roller (61). A friction assembly (8) is provided on the second curved surface contouring roller (62) for rubbing the fabric during the stretching of the fabric surface. The stretching mechanism (6) also includes a first guide roller (63) and a second guide roller (62). The guide roller (64) and the transition roller (65) are arranged such that the first guide roller (63) is located between the first curved surface contouring roller (61) and the clamping mechanism (3), the second guide roller (64) is located between the second curved surface contouring roller (62) and the winding mechanism (4), and the transition roller (65) is located between the first curved surface contouring roller (61) and the second curved surface contouring roller (62). The first guide roller (63), the second guide roller (64), and the transition roller (65) work together with the first curved surface contouring roller (61) and the second curved surface contouring roller (62) to stretch the fabric and make the fabric move in an M-shaped path. The air pump assembly (7) includes an air pump (71), a support ring (72), an airbag (73), and a metal skin (74). The support ring (72) is sleeved on the outside of the first curved contour roller (61), the airbag (73) is sleeved on the outside of the support ring (72), and the metal skin (74) is sleeved on the outside of the airbag (73). The air pump (71) is mounted on the outside of the second bracket (5) and connected to the airbag (73) through an air pipe. The cross-section of the metal skin (74) is set as an evenly distributed wave shape; The friction assembly (8) includes a rotary motor (81) and a friction roller (82). The friction roller (82) is sleeved on the outside of the second curved contour roller (62). The rotary motor (81) is mounted on the outside of the second bracket (5) and its output end is connected to the friction roller (82). The friction roller (82) has multiple grooves (821) arranged radially at equal intervals on its surface. A photoelectric detection sensor (83) is installed in the groove (821). The photoelectric detection sensor (83) detects the fabric breakage state during the process of stretching and friction on the second curved surface contour roller (62). One end of the friction roller (82) is provided with an annular circuit board (84) and a collector ring (85). The photoelectric detection sensor (83) is electrically connected to the circuit board (84). The circuit board (84) is externally connected to the collector ring (85).

2. The abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) includes a cylinder (31), a fabric support plate (32), and a movable plate (33). The fabric support plate (32) is mounted on the side of the first bracket (2). The cylinder (31) is mounted on the upper end of the first bracket (2), and the piston end extends through the upper end of the first bracket (2) to the fabric support plate (32). The movable plate (33) is connected to the piston end of the cylinder (31). The cylinder (31) drives the movable plate (33) to rise and fall relative to the fabric support plate (32) to press and cooperate.

3. The abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding mechanism (4) includes a base (41), a rotary drive assembly (42), a drive shaft (43), and a drum (44). The base (41) is mounted on the side of the first bracket (2), the rotary drive assembly (42) is mounted on one end of the base (41), the two ends of the drive shaft (43) are movably mounted on the base (41) through bearings, and one end of the drive shaft (43) is connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly (42). The drum (44) is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft (43).

4. The abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drum (44) has an opening (441) extending through to both ends of the drum (44) along the axial direction. Both ends of the drum (44) are fitted with clamps (45), and the clamps (45) can adjust the pressing opening (441) to fix the fabric.

5. The abrasion-resistant fabric tensile strength testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly (42) uses a drive motor (421), a worm wheel (422), and a worm (423). The worm wheel (422) and the worm (423) are meshed and connected. The worm (423) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (421), and the worm wheel (422) is connected to the transmission shaft (43).

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