Centralized meter reading method, acquisition terminal and fusion terminal

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of signal transmission, in particular to a centralized meter reading method, an acquisition terminal and a fusion terminal. The method comprises the following steps: after establishing Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, dividing the plurality of electric energy meters into different communication quality groups based on a joint evaluation result obtained by measured Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter, and configuring adaptive communication configuration parameters for each group; according to the communication configuration parameters, a differential broadcast strategy is adopted to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter, and power utilization data is received in parallel; and in response to a polling request of the fusion terminal, sending the cached power consumption data to the fusion terminal. By jointly evaluating the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication error rate, dynamically configuring the communication configuration parameters and implementing the differentiated broadcast strategy, the concurrency and reliability of meter reading in a high-noise environment can be improved, the communication conflict and retransmission rate are effectively reduced, and the data acquisition efficiency and the overall stability of centralized meter reading are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of signal transmission, and in particular to a centralized meter reading method, a collection terminal and a fusion terminal. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grid and Internet of Things technology, remote centralized meter reading system has become an important part of modern energy management. The traditional meter reading system generally uses RS485 bus as the end communication mode, and connects multiple electric energy meters in series through twisted pair to access the collector, realizing data collection in master-slave mode. Although this technology has the advantages of long transmission distance and relatively strong anti-interference ability, its dependence on wired connection requires special communication lines for each electric meter during installation, which is complex and costly. In addition, the construction process requires tedious line calibration and on-off test, significantly increasing labor input.

[0003] In addition, in the complex electromagnetic environment of residential power distribution scenarios, RS485 communication is often affected by common ground interference, signal reflection and external noise, resulting in high communication error rate, meter reading failure or multiple retransmission, which seriously affects the collection reliability and real-time performance. When multiple meters are collected concurrently, the overall collection efficiency is low due to the limitation of bus polling mechanism, making it difficult to meet the high-frequency data collection demand. Therefore, a new type of local communication scheme is needed to improve the reliability and collection efficiency of the meter reading system, which is free of wiring, has strong anti-interference ability and efficient communication.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application at least provide a centralized meter reading method, a collection terminal and a fusion terminal, which effectively reduce communication conflicts and retransmission rate, and improve data collection efficiency and overall stability of centralized meter reading.

[0006] The present application mainly includes the following aspects: In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a centralized meter reading method, which comprises: After establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with multiple electric energy meters, measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter; Based on the joint evaluation results of the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, divide the multiple electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; According to the configured communication configuration parameter, the meter reading instruction is synchronously sent to each electric energy meter by using a differentiated broadcast strategy, the power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter is received in parallel, and the power consumption data is cached; In response to a polling request from the fusion terminal, the cached power consumption data is sent to the fusion terminal.

[0007] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide another centralized meter reading method, which comprises: A polling request is sent to the collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on a joint evaluation result, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; The power consumption data cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameter by using a differentiated broadcast strategy is received, and the power consumption data is uploaded to a master center.

[0008] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a collection terminal, which comprises: A measurement module is configured to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters; A configuration module is configured to divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on a joint evaluation result of the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; A first receiving module is configured to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter by using a differentiated broadcast strategy according to the configured communication configuration parameter, receive power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter in parallel, and cache the power consumption data. A first sending module is configured to send the cached power consumption data to the fusion terminal in response to a polling request from the fusion terminal.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a fusion terminal, which comprises: A second sending module is configured to send a polling request to the collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on a joint evaluation result, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; A second receiving module is configured to receive power consumption data cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameter by using a differentiated broadcast strategy, and upload the power consumption data to a master center.

[0010] The embodiment of the present application provides a centralized meter reading method, an acquisition terminal and a fusion terminal. After a Bluetooth communication connection is established with a plurality of electric energy meters, a plurality of electric energy meters are divided into different communication quality groups based on a joint evaluation result obtained by measuring Bluetooth signal strength and a communication error rate of each electric energy meter, and a communication configuration parameter suitable for each group is configured; a differentiated broadcast strategy is adopted to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter according to the communication configuration parameter, and electric power data is received in parallel; and the buffered electric power data is sent to the fusion terminal in response to a polling request of the fusion terminal. Compared with the prior art, in a complex electromagnetic environment of a residential power distribution scene, RS485 communication is often affected by common ground interference, signal reflection and external noise, resulting in an increased communication error rate, meter reading failure or multiple retransmissions, and seriously affecting the acquisition reliability and real-time performance. Compared with the prior art, the present application replaces the traditional wired connection with Bluetooth wireless connection, realizes wiring-free communication between the electric energy meter and the acquisition terminal, and further dynamically configures the communication configuration parameter and implements the differentiated broadcast strategy by jointly evaluating the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication error rate, thereby improving the concurrency and reliability of meter reading in a high-noise environment, effectively reducing the communication conflict and retransmission rate, and improving the data acquisition efficiency and the overall stability of the centralized meter reading.

[0011] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A flowchart of a centralized meter reading method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 A flowchart of another centralized meter reading method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of an acquisition terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of a fusion terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 6 A structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of description and illustration, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions. The flowcharts used in the present application show the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowcharts can not be implemented in sequence, and the steps without logical context relationship can be reversed in sequence or implemented simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations can be added to the flowcharts or one or more operations can be removed from the flowcharts under the guidance of the content of the present application.

[0015] In addition, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to use the content of the present application, the following implementation is given in combination with a specific application scenario of an electric energy meter reading scenario. Those skilled in the art can apply the general principles defined herein to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

[0017] The methods, devices, electronic devices or computer readable storage media described in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any scene requiring electric energy meter reading. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific application scenario, and any solution using the centralized meter reading method, collection terminal and fusion terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application is within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] It is worth noting that before the present application is proposed, the traditional meter reading system generally uses RS485 bus as the terminal communication mode. In the complex electromagnetic environment of residential power distribution scene, RS485 communication is often affected by common ground interference, signal reflection and external noise, resulting in high communication error rate, meter reading failure or multiple retransmission, which seriously affects the collection reliability and real-time performance. When multiple meters are concurrently collected, the overall collection efficiency is low due to the limitation of bus polling mechanism, and it is difficult to meet the high-frequency data collection demand.

[0019] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a centralized meter reading method, a data acquisition terminal, and a converged terminal. After establishing Bluetooth communication connections with multiple energy meters, based on a joint evaluation result obtained from measuring the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each energy meter, the multiple energy meters are divided into different communication quality groups, and appropriate communication configuration parameters are configured for each group. Meter reading instructions are synchronously sent to each energy meter using a differentiated broadcast strategy according to the communication configuration parameters, and electricity consumption data is received in parallel. In response to the polling request from the converged terminal, the cached electricity consumption data is sent to the converged terminal. This application, by jointly evaluating Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, dynamically configuring communication configuration parameters, and implementing a differentiated broadcast strategy, can improve the concurrency and reliability of meter reading in high-noise environments, effectively reduce communication conflicts and retransmission rates, and improve data acquisition efficiency and overall stability of centralized meter reading.

[0020] To facilitate understanding of this application, the technical solutions provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication provided in this application embodiment includes multiple energy meters 10, multiple data acquisition terminals 20, and a fusion terminal 30.

[0022] Multiple electricity meters 10 are provided, each integrating a first Bluetooth communication unit and operating in slave mode to respond to meter reading commands and transmit electricity consumption data via Bluetooth. The first Bluetooth communication unit is not shown in the diagram.

[0023] It should be noted that the electricity meter 10 provided in this embodiment is a device installed at the user end for measuring electricity consumption and is a core component of the Bluetooth-based meter reading system. Each electricity meter 10 integrates a first Bluetooth communication unit and operates in slave mode. The electricity meter 10 can respond to meter reading commands issued by the data acquisition terminal 20 and send electricity consumption data via Bluetooth. Here, the Bluetooth module built into the electricity meter 10 supports low-power communication, ensuring efficient and accurate data transmission while reducing energy consumption.

[0024] Multiple data acquisition terminals 20 are provided, each equipped with a second Bluetooth communication unit operating in master device mode. These terminals concurrently establish Bluetooth connections with multiple energy meters 10 within the coverage area. After establishing a Bluetooth connection, the signal strength and communication error rate of the first Bluetooth communication unit of each energy meter 10 are measured. Based on the joint evaluation results, communication configuration parameters are dynamically selected to synchronously broadcast meter reading commands, receive electricity consumption data returned by each energy meter 10 in parallel, and buffer the data. The second Bluetooth communication unit is not shown in the diagram.

[0025] It should be noted that the collection terminal 20 provided by the embodiment of the present application is a key device in the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication, mainly responsible for data exchange with multiple electric energy meters 10 within a certain range through Bluetooth communication technology. Each collection terminal 20 is provided with a second Bluetooth communication unit and works in a master device mode, and can concurrently establish a connection with multiple electric energy meters 10. The main functions of the collection terminal 20 include synchronously broadcasting meter reading instructions, receiving and buffering the power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter 10. Compared with the wired connection in the prior art, the present application uses Bluetooth communication, making the connection between the electric energy meter 10 and the collection terminal 20 more flexible, lower in cost and easier to install and maintain. Bluetooth supports concurrent connection with multiple electric energy meters 10, realizing efficient data exchange.

[0026] Specifically, each collection terminal 20 is built-in with a high-performance Bluetooth module, configured in a master device mode, and can actively initiate and manage the connection with slave devices (i.e. electric energy meters 10). First, the collection terminal 20 concurrently establishes Bluetooth connections with multiple electric energy meters 10 within the coverage range; then, synchronously broadcasts meter reading instructions, which will be received by all connected electric energy meters 10; next, each electric energy meter 10 collects the current power consumption data and sends it back to the collection terminal 20 through Bluetooth after receiving the meter reading instruction; finally, the collection terminal 20 receives data from multiple electric energy meters 10 in parallel and buffers these data in the local storage unit.

[0027] Among them, the collection terminal 20 is usually installed in or near the meter box at a suitable position, so as to effectively cover and manage multiple electric energy meters 10, ensuring the efficiency of data transmission and the reliability of the system.

[0028] It should be noted that the first Bluetooth communication unit integrated in the electric energy meter 10 and the second Bluetooth communication unit of the collection terminal 20 can use the same model of Bluetooth module to ensure compatibility and simplify system design. For example, DMM-B2006 or CC2541 Bluetooth module can be selected. The technical parameters of the Bluetooth module can be selected according to the following parameters: working frequency of 2.400-2.483 GHz, Bluetooth specification of V4.0 BLE, spread spectrum mode of FHSS, receiving sensitivity of-90 dBm to-92 dBm, maximum transmission power of +4 dBm to +7 dBm, and transmission distance of 15 meters to 30 meters. Here, the same model of Bluetooth module can simplify hardware design and software development, and reduce debugging and maintenance costs. If more flexible configuration is required, different models of Bluetooth modules can also be selected, but they must be within the above parameter range to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.

[0029] The fusion terminal 30 is provided with a local communication unit 310 and a remote communication unit 320, the local communication unit 310 establishes a local communication connection with a plurality of collection terminals 20, and the remote communication unit 320 establishes a remote communication connection with the master center 40; the fusion terminal 30 polls each collection terminal 20 through the local communication unit 310 to obtain the cached power consumption data, and uploads to the master center 40 through the remote communication unit 320.

[0030] It should be noted that the fusion terminal 30 is the core equipment in the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication, responsible for managing and summarizing power consumption data from multiple collection terminals 20. The fusion terminal 30 is usually installed in the central position of the power system, provided with a local communication unit 310 and a remote communication unit 320. The fusion terminal 30 establishes a bidirectional communication link with each collection terminal 20 through the local communication unit 310, actively polls each collection terminal 20 to obtain the cached power consumption data. The remote communication unit 320 uploads the data to the master center 40 through the cellular network or wired network, realizing remote transmission and management of data.

[0031] Specifically, first, the fusion terminal 30 establishes a connection with each collection terminal 20 through the local communication unit 310; then, regularly polls each collection terminal 20 to obtain its cached power consumption data; then, the fusion terminal 30 summarizes the collected data; finally, uploads the summarized data to the master center 40 through the remote communication unit 320. This dual communication unit design makes the local collection and remote upload of data more smooth, improving the response speed and data processing capacity of the entire system. Compared with the fusion terminal 30 in the prior art system, the fusion terminal 30 in the system can more efficiently manage and summarize data from multiple collection terminals 20, reducing the delay and loss risk of data transmission. The fusion terminal 30 not only ensures the efficiency of data transmission, but also enhances the overall coordination and reliability of the system.

[0032] Among them, the local communication unit 310 can adopt one or more of power line broadband carrier, RS-485 bus, micro-power wireless, etc. to realize connection with the collection terminal 20. The remote communication unit 320 can adopt one or more of GPRS, 4G / 5G, NB-IoT, optical fiber Ethernet, etc. to realize uploading data to the master center 40.

[0033] It should be noted that the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication provided by the embodiments of the present application is composed of three layers of communication structure. The first layer is the communication between the fusion terminal 30 and the main station center 40. The fusion terminal 30 can upload the meter reading data to the main station center 40 through a cellular network (such as 4G / NB-IoT) or a wired network, realizing remote transmission and management of data. The second layer is the communication between the acquisition terminal 20 and the fusion terminal 30. Each acquisition terminal 20 establishes a bidirectional communication link with the fusion terminal 30 through the local communication unit 310, analyzes and integrates the power consumption data from multiple electric energy meters 10, and transmits to the fusion terminal 30. The fusion terminal 30 receives the power consumption data reported by each acquisition terminal 20 and sends it to the main station center 40 through the remote communication unit 320. The third layer is the communication between the electric energy meter 10 and the acquisition terminal 20. Each electric energy meter 10 is built-in with a Bluetooth module, which sends power consumption data by broadcasting or responding to the query request of the acquisition terminal 20.

[0034] It can be understood that the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication provided by the present application has lower wiring cost and higher flexibility compared with the three-layer communication structure using RS485 and other wired methods in the prior art. Bluetooth communication realizes wireless and low-power data transmission, reduces line faults and maintenance costs, improves the reliability and scalability of the system, and is particularly suitable for complex environments where wiring is difficult.

[0035] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application use wireless Bluetooth communication, which not only simplifies wiring, but also eliminates the need for additional wired connections, thereby greatly simplifying the installation and maintenance of the system. At the same time, Bluetooth communication has strong anti-interference ability and stability, which can ensure the accuracy and reliability of data transmission, and can effectively solve the problems of short communication distance and poor anti-interference ability existing in traditional data acquisition systems. In addition, the construction and maintenance cost of the overall system has been effectively reduced due to the reduction of wiring and related hardware costs. Furthermore, Bluetooth communication is fast and can realize near real-time data transmission, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of meter reading. The flexibility of Bluetooth communication also makes it easy to add or remove electric energy meters 10, facilitating the expansion and adjustment of the system. In this way, the electric energy meter 10 not only can efficiently respond to the meter reading instruction, but also can stably transmit power consumption data in complex environments, thereby improving the performance and user experience of the entire centralized meter reading system.

[0036] In addition, the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication provided by the application realizes wireless communication of terminal communication by using Bluetooth communication technology between the electric energy meter 10 and the collection terminal 20, and significantly simplifies the installation and wiring work in the centralized meter reading process. This design not only reduces the cost of manpower and material resources, but also improves the reliability and robustness of the system. The high stability and present-use characteristics of Bluetooth communication effectively solve the problems of complex device installation, discontinuous communication connection and mutual interference between devices, ensure the continuity and accuracy of data transmission, and greatly improve the overall efficiency and operation convenience of centralized meter reading.

[0037] Figure 2 A flowchart of a centralized meter reading method provided by an embodiment of the application is shown. As shown in Figure 2 A centralized meter reading method is applied to a collection terminal, and the method comprises the following steps: S201: After establishing Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter.

[0038] It should be noted that after the collection terminal establishes Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, it will measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter to evaluate the communication quality of the Bluetooth communication link of each electric energy meter. The Bluetooth signal strength is automatically obtained by the Bluetooth chip when receiving a data packet, indicating the received signal power value; the communication error rate is obtained by calculating the ratio of the number of errors (such as the number of CRC check failures) of the received data packets in a unit of time to the total number of received packets, reflecting the accuracy of data transmission. The collection terminal continuously listens to the broadcast packets or response frames of each electric meter after establishing Bluetooth connection, and records and calculates these two indicators in real time.

[0039] S202: Based on the joint evaluation results of the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication error rate, the plurality of electric energy meters are divided into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group, and a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group is configured.

[0040] In specific implementation, by jointly evaluating the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication error rate, the quality of the Bluetooth link of each electric energy meter can be comprehensively reflected, and the deviation of single index judgment can be avoided. According to the set threshold, the electric energy meters are divided into communication quality groups (the first communication quality group and the second communication quality group) of different quality levels, so that the reasonable differentiation of link differences can be realized. Further, based on the grouping results, a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group can be configured, and the overall performance and stability of the system can be considered.

[0041] Here, high baud rate, short retransmission delay, etc. parameters can be configured for the first communication quality group (high quality group) to improve collection efficiency; low speed, strong error correction, multiple retransmission, etc. Parameters are configured for the second communication quality group (low quality group) to enhance communication reliability, and realize dynamic adaptation of communication strategy according to link quality. Specifically, the parameter configuration can be dynamically issued to the Bluetooth module of the corresponding electric energy meter through the collection terminal, realizing on-demand optimization, and taking into account the transmission speed and stability of the overall system.

[0042] For example, first, the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter are normalized, and converted into quality scores in the interval of 0-1, respectively, to obtain the fusion signal strength score and error rate score. Further, by weighting the two scores (such as 50% each), a comprehensive communication quality score is obtained as the joint evaluation result. Among them, the stronger the Bluetooth signal strength and the lower the communication error rate of the electric energy meter, the higher the comprehensive communication quality score. Further, a threshold (such as 0.6 points) can be set, and the electric energy meter with a score higher than the threshold is classified into the first communication quality group (high-quality link), and the rest is classified into the second communication quality group (weak link). Different communication configuration parameters are configured for different groups, the first communication quality group uses high baud rate, short retransmission interval, standard error correction coding, and multi-meter concurrent reading strategy to improve collection efficiency; the second communication quality group is configured with lower baud rate, enhanced error correction coding, extended response waiting time and repeated broadcast mechanism to improve communication reliability, and realizes differentiated adaptation of communication parameters.

[0043] Here, the communication configuration parameters include Bluetooth physical layer transmission mode, frequency hopping sequence, transmission power, etc. Among them, the Bluetooth physical layer transmission mode ensures to select a transmission mode suitable for the current signal strength and error rate, such as LE 1M or LE 2M; the frequency hopping sequence ensures to adjust the frequency hopping sequence to avoid interference frequency and improve communication stability; the transmission power ensures to adjust the transmission power according to the signal strength to ensure reliable data transmission.

[0044] S203: According to the configured communication configuration parameters, a differentiated broadcast strategy is adopted to synchronously send meter reading instructions to each electric energy meter, and the power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter is received in parallel, and the power consumption data is cached.

[0045] In a specific implementation, due to the differences in the communication link quality of each power meter, the communication configuration parameters are configured based on the joint evaluation results in the foregoing steps. These communication configuration parameters directly affect the reliability and timeliness of data transmission, so the differentiated broadcast strategy can be implemented according to the set communication configuration parameters. Here, the communication configuration parameters determine the signal modulation mode, anti-interference ability, and response timing, thereby affecting the execution mode of the broadcast. In this way, precise control of different quality links is achieved, which improves the concurrent collection efficiency under the premise of ensuring the communication success rate, and the received data is cached and returned, ensuring efficient and stable meter reading.

[0046] For example, for power meters with poor communication quality, low-rate, high-redundancy communication configuration parameters are configured, and the broadcast strategy of extending the broadcast interval, increasing the transmission power, or repeating the sending instruction is used to enhance the signal reception reliability; and for power meters with high communication quality, the communication configuration parameters support high-speed stable transmission, so the compact broadcast timing, standard power, and single sending strategy are used. The broadcast strategy is adaptively adjusted according to the pre-configured communication configuration parameters, achieving the cooperative optimization of reliability and efficiency.

[0047] S204: In response to the polling request from the fusion terminal, the cached power consumption data is sent to the fusion terminal.

[0048] In a specific implementation, after receiving the polling request (i.e., the data collection instruction triggered by timing or events) from the fusion terminal, the collection terminal can package the cached power consumption data in a protocol format and send it to the fusion terminal through an uplink communication channel (such as a broadband carrier or 4G). The fusion terminal is responsible for aggregating the power consumption data of multiple collection terminals and uploading it to the master center. Here, the polling mechanism can ensure that data reporting is orderly and controllable, avoiding conflicts and redundant transmissions.

[0049] In the embodiments of the present application, by jointly evaluating the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication bit error rate, dynamically configuring the communication configuration parameters and implementing the differentiated broadcast strategy, the concurrency and reliability of meter reading in a high-noise environment can be improved, the communication conflict and retransmission rate can be effectively reduced, and the data collection efficiency and the overall stability of centralized meter reading can be improved.

[0050] In a possible implementation, after the power consumption data is buffered in S203, before the responding to the polling request from the fusion terminal in S204, the method further comprises the following steps: time stamp alignment and outlier filtering are performed on the buffered power consumption data to generate a standardized data set; a data transmission priority of each power meter is calculated based on the historical communication success rate and the current Bluetooth signal strength of each power meter; the power consumption data in the standardized data set is arranged in descending order of data transmission priority, and the power consumption data with a data transmission priority greater than a preset threshold is aggregated into a same power line broadband carrier communication frame; and the completed power line broadband carrier communication frame is stored in a pending queue to respond to the polling request from the fusion terminal.

[0051] In a specific implementation, after the terminal collects the power consumption data, the terminal first performs a data standardization processing step, specifically, time stamp alignment and outlier filtering are performed on the buffered power consumption data to generate a standardized data set, so as to ensure that the power consumption data of different power meters are synchronized in time dimension, and to eliminate error readings caused by communication interference or equipment failure, thereby improving the reliability of the power consumption data. Subsequently, a transmission priority calculation step is performed, specifically, the data transmission priority is calculated based on the historical communication success rate and the current Bluetooth signal strength of each power meter, so as to comprehensively evaluate the communication stability and the link quality, and to preferentially upload meter data with high reliability and easy access, thereby improving the overall collection success rate. Then, a data sorting and frame packaging step is performed, specifically, the standardized data is arranged in descending order of priority, and the power consumption data with a priority higher than a preset threshold is aggregated into a same power line broadband carrier communication frame, so as to reduce communication overhead and improve channel utilization rate through batch transmission. Finally, a data transmission and scheduling step is performed, specifically, the completed communication frame is stored in a pending queue, so as to ensure that the terminal can quickly respond when polled by the fusion terminal, thereby reducing the delay. This mechanism takes into account the data quality, transmission efficiency and system real-time performance, and is suitable for efficient collection of multi-meter data in complex field environments.

[0052] For example, the data transmission priority of each power meter can be calculated by a preset communication quality score model, and the calculation formula of the communication quality score model is as follows: ; wherein, P i represents the priority score of the i-th power meter, S1 i represents the current Bluetooth signal strength of the i-th power meter, S1 min represents the minimum value of the Bluetooth signal strength measured by all power meters, S1 max represents the maximum value of the Bluetooth signal strength measured by all power meters, R i represents the historical communication success rate of the i-th power meter, and a is a weighting coefficient, for example, a satisfies a ∈ [0.4, 0.6].

[0053] Further, according to the priority score P i The power consumption data in the standardized data set is sorted in descending order, and a greedy algorithm is used to encapsulate high-priority data in the same power line broadband carrier communication frame in priority. In the encapsulation process, the continuous power consumption data can be compressed using difference coding, and then the compressed data can be further encoded in combination with Huffman coding to reduce the bit length of the power line broadband carrier communication frame. The greedy algorithm is a problem-solving strategy that selects the optimal (i.e. most advantageous) choice in the current state at each step of decision-making, thereby ultimately obtaining a global optimal solution.

[0054] Here, the local communication unit in the embodiment of the application can be a power line broadband carrier communication unit, and the fusion terminal establishes a bidirectional communication link with each collection terminal through the power line broadband carrier channel.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the collection terminal is configured to perform high-frequency data collection; the method further includes: receiving a time synchronization signal broadcast by the fusion terminal, obtaining a unified time reference, and forwarding the time reference to each connected electric energy meter; based on the aligned time reference, dividing a preset period into a plurality of equal-length data collection frames, each data collection frame being divided into a plurality of fixed time slots, performing two-level modulo operation based on the device identifier of each electric energy meter, and allocating an uplink transmission window to each electric energy meter; before the start of the uplink transmission window corresponding to the target electric energy meter, sending a wake-up pulse sequence to the target electric energy meter to trigger the target electric energy meter to start the microcontroller and complete the encapsulation preparation of the power consumption data within a short time delay; receiving the compressed data packet sent by the target electric energy meter using a high-speed physical layer protocol, and completing all data interaction through a single wireless transmission; the compressed data packet contains standard metering data, a time stamp, and verification information; after successfully receiving and verifying the compressed data packet, an acknowledgement signal is returned to the target electric energy meter to trigger the target electric energy meter to enter a deep sleep mode.

[0056] It should be noted that the present application constructs a deterministic scheduling mechanism based on device identification on the basis of time synchronization to realize high concurrency and low conflict Bluetooth networking collection. After the collection terminal issues a unified time reference to each electric energy meter, the collection period is further divided into equal-length data frames, a fixed number of time slots are set in each frame, and a two-dimensional time sequence structure is formed. By introducing two-level modulo operation (such as first taking modulo of the total number of electric energy meters to determine frame offset, and then taking modulo of the number of time slots to determine time slot position), combined with the generation of differentiated uplink windows based on the unique identification of the device, hash collision and transmission overlap are avoided. This mechanism can realize distributed scheduling without dynamic negotiation, significantly reducing communication overhead. Since each electric energy meter occupies the channel in a dedicated time slot, signal collision in the Bluetooth broadcast environment is effectively avoided, and the success rate and real-time performance of multi-device parallel uploading are improved, which is particularly suitable for electric energy meter intensive deployment scenarios. At the same time, the fixed frame structure facilitates system expansion and abnormal time slot detection, enhancing the overall communication reliability.

[0057] In addition, before the opening of the uplink transmission window of the target electric energy meter, the collection terminal actively sends a wake-up pulse sequence to accurately trigger the target electric energy meter to start the microcontroller, realizing "on-demand wake-up" and significantly reducing standby power consumption. Combined with high-speed physical layer protocol to receive compressed data packets containing standard metering data, timestamps and verification information, efficient and reliable transmission is ensured. After receiving, data integrity verification is immediately performed, and if successful, an acknowledgement signal is returned to prompt the electric energy meter to enter deep sleep, further saving energy. This mechanism realizes a low-power communication closed loop, which not only guarantees the real-time performance and accuracy of data uploading, but also prolongs the battery life of the electric energy meter.

[0058] Here, through the cooperative operation of the time synchronization, time slot scheduling, wake-up control, instant sleep, high-speed reception and feedback mechanism, the collection terminal can efficiently complete the minute-level load curve data collection of multiple electric energy meters within a preset period, i.e., high concurrency, low conflict, and low-power minute-level high-frequency data collection is realized in a resource-limited Bluetooth communication environment. The frequency and accuracy of data collection can be significantly improved, while the risk of energy consumption and channel conflict is reduced.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the collection terminal is configured to perform a dual-mode anti-interference operation process; the method further includes: monitoring the noise power spectrum density of a first preset frequency band used by the power line broadband carrier communication channel in real time, and generating an interference channel map of a second preset frequency band corresponding to Bluetooth communication based on a preset frequency domain conversion algorithm; based on the interference channel map, dynamically avoiding high interference risk channels, and controlling the Bluetooth communication unit to perform adaptive frequency hopping communication in the remaining available communication channels; before the Bluetooth communication initiates data transmission, turning off the power amplifier of the power line broadband carrier communication unit through a hardware enable signal; when the power line carrier operating frequency and the mirror frequency of the currently used Bluetooth communication link exist spectrum overlap, continuously monitoring the error code state of the Bluetooth communication link; if a preset number of communication errors are continuously detected, switching the operating frequency of the power line broadband carrier communication to a non-interference frequency band, updating the interference channel map, and controlling the Bluetooth communication unit to switch to a new safe communication channel.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the collection terminal generates an interference channel map of a second preset frequency band based on the noise power spectrum of a first preset frequency band used by the power line broadband carrier communication channel, and controls the Bluetooth communication unit to perform adaptive frequency hopping communication in the available communication channels, and automatically avoids high interference risk Bluetooth communication links. Before the Bluetooth communication unit initiates data transmission, the power amplifier of the power line broadband carrier communication unit is turned off through a hardware enable signal to prevent mutual interference of the transmitting end. When the power line carrier operating frequency and the mirror frequency of the currently used Bluetooth communication link exist spectrum overlap, continuously monitoring the error code state of the Bluetooth communication link; if a preset number of communication errors are continuously detected, the frequency band adjustment operation is performed synchronously: the operating frequency of the power line broadband carrier communication channel is switched to a non-interference frequency band, the interference channel map is updated, and the Bluetooth communication unit is controlled to switch to a new safe communication channel. This mechanism effectively suppresses co-frequency and adjacent channel interference through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, ensures the stability and reliability of communication, and improves the efficiency and quality of data transmission.

[0061] In a specific implementation, the collection terminal generates an interference channel map of a second preset frequency band based on the noise power spectrum of a first preset frequency band used by the power line broadband carrier communication channel, and controls the Bluetooth communication unit to perform adaptive frequency hopping communication in the available communication channels, and automatically avoids high interference risk Bluetooth communication links. Before the Bluetooth communication unit initiates data transmission, the power amplifier of the power line broadband carrier communication unit is turned off through a hardware enable signal to prevent mutual interference of the transmitting end. When the power line carrier operating frequency and the mirror frequency of the currently used Bluetooth communication link exist spectrum overlap, continuously monitoring the error code state of the Bluetooth communication link; if a preset number of communication errors are continuously detected, the frequency band adjustment operation is performed synchronously: the operating frequency of the power line broadband carrier communication channel is switched to a non-interference frequency band, the interference channel map is updated, and the Bluetooth communication unit is controlled to switch to a new safe communication channel. This mechanism effectively suppresses co-frequency and adjacent channel interference through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, ensures the stability and reliability of communication, and improves the efficiency and quality of data transmission.

[0062] Here, the application effectively suppresses the co-channel and adjacent channel interference through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, ensures the stability and reliability of communication, and improves the efficiency and quality of data transmission. Specifically, the acquisition terminal uses the cooperative mechanism of noise mapping and channel avoidance, transmission path hard isolation, and dual-mode frequency band dynamic reorganization to effectively suppress the co-channel and adjacent channel interference in the process of carrier and Bluetooth parallel communication.

[0063] It should be noted that the meter reading system based on Bluetooth communication also includes a mobile terminal, which is provided with a third Bluetooth communication unit and installed with a meter reading application program, and operates as a Bluetooth master device. Among them, the mobile terminal is used to selectively establish a Bluetooth communication connection with one or more first Bluetooth communication units of the electric energy meter within the coverage range through the third Bluetooth communication unit, or with the second Bluetooth communication unit of any acquisition terminal; when directly connecting multiple electric energy meters, the meter reading application program is used to synchronously broadcast meter reading instructions to the multiple electric energy meters, and receive the power consumption data sent by each electric energy meter in parallel; when connected to any acquisition terminal, the power consumption data of one or more electric energy meters cached by the acquisition terminal is obtained; the power consumption data obtained by any means is temporarily stored in the local storage unit, and after the connection with the remote communication network is restored, the temporarily stored power consumption data is packaged and uploaded to the master station center.

[0064] Here, the mobile terminal installs the meter reading application program, which can realize the functions of building communication channels, meter acquisition and setting, information processing, etc. First, open the mobile phone Bluetooth and connect the Bluetooth-to-serial port device to create a transmission channel. Then, generate an instruction stream according to the meter rule, send the instruction through the Bluetooth-to-serial port device and collect the return information. The application also supports the recording, viewing and remote sending of log information, ensuring the integrity and traceability of the data.

[0065] Among them, the mobile terminal has the function of "temporary replacement acquisition terminal", which can independently complete the synchronous broadcast reading of multiple meters when there is no acquisition terminal online, and then return the data to the master station center after temporarily storing the data. This function reflects the decentralized expansion capability of Bluetooth communication in the system, which cannot be realized in traditional RS485 or pure carrier systems, and has significant progressiveness and patentability. The extended functions of the mobile terminal not only enable direct connection to the electric energy meter for supplementary reading, but also enable connection to the acquisition terminal through Bluetooth to obtain the user power consumption data aggregated from the acquisition terminal, significantly enhancing the flexibility and on-site operation capability of the system, supporting the dual-path data acquisition mechanism of " bypassing the acquisition terminal to read the meter directly" and "batch data retrieval from the acquisition terminal".

[0066] In a possible implementation, the method further includes the following steps: in response to a Bluetooth scan initiated by the mobile terminal, pairing and establishing a connection in a low-power listening mode; sending device type identification and version information to the mobile terminal to trigger the mobile terminal to match a corresponding target communication protocol from a local protocol library; receiving a meter reading request from the mobile terminal, generating adapted binary instructions according to the target communication protocol and delivering the binary instructions to the target electric energy meter, and receiving a response data stream returned by the target electric energy meter; performing integrity checking and format analysis on the response data stream, extracting context information, and generating a structured meter reading log with a time sequence label and a digital signature; merging the power consumption data and the meter reading log into a traceable data packet, and transmitting the data packet to the mobile terminal through a Bluetooth communication link, so that the mobile terminal uploads the data packet to a master station center after restoring a remote network connection.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the application realizes efficient and reliable interaction between a mobile terminal and an electric energy meter through a Bluetooth low-power connection and a protocol adaptive mechanism. The collection terminal responds to a mobile terminal scan in a listening mode, quickly completes pairing and establishes a connection, significantly reduces idle power consumption while ensuring instant communication, and actively sends device type identification and version information to drive the mobile terminal to automatically match a target communication protocol from a local protocol library, thereby avoiding manual intervention and protocol mismatch, improving compatibility and operation efficiency. After receiving a meter reading request, the application generates adapted binary instructions according to the matched protocol, accurately delivers the binary instructions to the target electric energy meter, and receives a response data stream returned by the target electric energy meter. The application performs integrity checking and format analysis on the data stream, extracts context information, and generates a structured meter reading log with a time sequence label and a digital signature, thereby enhancing data traceability and tamper resistance. Finally, the application merges power consumption data and logs, encapsulates the data into a traceable data packet, and transmits the data packet to the mobile terminal through a Bluetooth link, thereby supporting offline collection and network uploading and being suitable for on-site inspection scenarios, and effectively improving meter reading automation level and system security.

[0068] Here, a communication protocol is a protocol that defines the format and rules of data exchange between devices. Specifically, after connecting to a discovered target electric energy meter, identification information such as the device's service UUID and manufacturer-defined fields is read, and the obtained identification information is compared with a preset device type database; according to the comparison result, the specific type of the target electric energy meter is determined, and a corresponding communication protocol is automatically selected. The database stores various device types and their corresponding communication protocols.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the collection terminal is configured to support low power consumption and battery-free operation of the system; the method comprises: directly obtaining working power through the power bus of the power line broadband carrier communication channel, and allocating communication tasks to each connected electric energy meter based on a preset daily energy consumption budget, controlling the Bluetooth communication unit of each electric energy meter to periodically wake up at a preset duty cycle, completing data interaction within the wake-up window, and maintaining a deep sleep state for the remaining time; when a power supply interruption is detected, triggering an alarm signal and uploading a power failure event log through an available communication link; when the power supply is restored, restarting and broadcasting a network reorganization instruction within a preset time, guiding each electric energy meter to quickly return to the communication state, and completing automatic reconstruction of the Bluetooth network.

[0070] In a specific implementation, the collection terminal supports low power consumption and battery-free operation, and directly obtains power through the power bus of the power line broadband carrier communication channel. The collection terminal allocates communication tasks based on a daily energy consumption budget, controls the Bluetooth communication unit of the electric energy meter to periodically wake up at a super-low preset duty cycle, and completes data interaction within a short wake-up window, and remains in a deep sleep state for the remaining time. When the power supply is interrupted, the collection terminal triggers an alarm signal and uploads a power failure event log, and the electric energy meter uses a built-in micro energy storage element to maintain the data integrity of the key storage unit; after the power supply is restored, the collection terminal restarts and broadcasts a network reorganization instruction within a preset time, guides the electric energy meter to quickly return to the communication state, and automatically reconstructs the Bluetooth network.

[0071] Here, the present application realizes the above battery-free operation mode of the electric energy meter side for a long time without battery replacement and the battery-free operation mode of the collection terminal side without external energy storage device through the above energy consumption scheduling, power failure response and network self-recovery mechanism led by the collection terminal.

[0072] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: monitoring at least one of the Bluetooth signal strength, the power line carrier noise level, the communication bit error rate and the channel impedance matching state of the local communication link in real time, and generating a set of channel quality parameters; based on the set of channel quality parameters, calculating a local channel health score through a built-in comprehensive scoring model, and uploading the score and its historical trend to the fusion terminal; receiving the polling strategy adjustment instruction or the link optimization command issued by the fusion terminal according to the score and the trend, and executing the frequency band switching, the transmission power adjustment or the transmission retry mechanism when the health score is abnormal; for a communication channel that receives a link warning indication for a plurality of times in succession, actively entering a link self-healing mode, suspending the uploading of non-critical data and preferentially sending a link diagnosis packet, so as to assist the fusion terminal to complete the communication state recovery.

[0073] Figure 3 A flowchart of another centralized meter reading method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in Figure 3 A centralized meter reading method applied to a fusion terminal, the method comprising the following steps: S301: sending a polling request to the collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the plurality of electric energy meters, divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on the joint evaluation result, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group.

[0074] S302: receiving the power consumption data obtained and cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameter using a differentiated broadcast strategy, and uploading the power consumption data to the main station center.

[0075] It should be noted that the fusion terminal receives the carrier communication frame reported by each collection terminal through active polling, re-encapsulates the carrier communication frame into a protocol data packet suitable for the remote communication network, and sends it to the main station center through the remote communication unit. This approach ensures the timeliness and integrity of the data, avoids data loss and congestion, and improves the stability and response speed of the system. Here, the dual-mode communication method (power line broadband carrier communication and Bluetooth communication) can switch between different communication protocols to adapt to different application scenarios and environments.

[0076] Among them, the power line broadband carrier communication unit in the fusion terminal can use high-performance broadband carrier chips, such as the SG3000 series, with high communication rates (e.g., greater than 2 Mbps) and wide operating frequency ranges (2 MHz to 12 MHz). The storage module can use storage chips similar to 6241 TI 54K CJVK, with a capacity of 32 KB to 128 KB. The oscillator frequency should be selected between 20 MHz and 30 MHz to ensure a stable clock signal. This unit should also support multiple levels of relay (e.g., 10 to 20 levels of relay depth), with a self-organizing network time of 5 to 15 minutes, a communication distance of 500 to 1000 meters, and a round copy time of 2 to 5 minutes, ensuring efficient and reliable data transmission.

[0077] Here, the key role of the power line broadband carrier communication unit in the embodiments of the present application is to achieve efficient and reliable data transmission using existing power line infrastructure. At the same time, power line broadband carrier communication has a higher bandwidth and lower error rate, which can support larger data transmission. The polling method ensures the timeliness and integrity of the data, avoids data loss and congestion, and improves the stability and response speed of the system.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the power consumption data received by the collection terminal in S302 is obtained and cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameters, including the following steps: receiving the power line broadband carrier communication frame sent by the collection terminal; the power line broadband carrier communication frame is generated by timestamp alignment and outlier filtering of the cached power consumption data by the collection terminal to generate a standardized data set, and the standardized data set is encapsulated in descending order according to the data transmission priority of each electric energy meter; parsing the priority label in the power line broadband carrier communication frame to identify the transmission priority level of each power consumption data; according to the transmission priority, performing fast checking and forwarding processing on the power consumption data with data transmission priority greater than a preset threshold in the local cache queue, and delaying uploading or batch packaging uploading for the power consumption data with data transmission priority less than the preset threshold; after the network interruption is restored, the power consumption data with historical unsuccessful reporting and data transmission priority greater than the preset threshold is preferentially retransmitted.

[0079] In a possible implementation, the method further includes the following steps: collecting channel quality parameters reported by each collection terminal in real time; the channel quality parameters include at least one of Bluetooth signal strength, power line carrier noise level, communication bit error rate, and channel impedance matching state; based on the channel quality parameters, calculating the channel health score of each collection terminal through a preset comprehensive scoring model; dynamically adjusting the polling strategy for the corresponding collection terminal according to the channel health score and the change trend of the channel health score in a plurality of continuous sampling periods; for the collection terminal with a continuously decreasing health score for more than a preset number of continuous periods, starting a link warning mode, and actively issuing a link optimization command including a frequency band switching suggestion or a transmission power adjustment instruction to assist the collection terminal to improve the communication state.

[0080] In a specific implementation, the fusion terminal receives the multi-dimensional channel quality parameters such as Bluetooth signal strength, power line carrier noise level, bit error rate, and channel impedance matching state reported by each collection terminal in real time, and comprehensively reflects the stability of the communication environment. Based on a preset comprehensive scoring model (such as a weighted normalization and threshold segmentation function), the channel health score of each collection terminal is calculated to quantify the link quality level. Further combined with the score change trend (such as the sliding average slope) in a plurality of continuous sampling periods, the link degradation risk is judged, and the polling period and retry mechanism are dynamically adjusted: the polling priority of the terminal with a significant downward trend in health is increased or the polling interval is shortened to ensure timely data return. When the health score continuously decreases for more than a preset number of periods, a link warning mode is started, and a frequency band switching suggestion or a transmission power adjustment instruction is actively issued to guide the collection terminal to optimize the local communication configuration, realizing the reverse cooperative control of the edge node. This mechanism realizes the transition from passive response to active intervention, effectively alleviates the channel interference and fading problem, and significantly improves the integrity and real-time performance of data collection in complex environments.

[0081] In addition, the polling strategy refers to the way and rule of the fusion terminal requesting data from each collection terminal. The polling strategy includes polling frequency, retransmission mechanism, and priority scheduling, etc. The polling frequency refers to the frequency of the fusion terminal sending a request to a collection terminal. A higher polling frequency can improve the real-time performance of data, but also increases the load of the system. The retransmission mechanism refers to the mechanism of automatically retransmitting data when data transmission fails. The retransmission mechanism can effectively reduce data loss and improve the reliability of data transmission. Priority scheduling refers to dynamically adjusting the priority of data transmission according to the importance of the collection terminal and the channel quality. Collection terminals with high priority will have priority to obtain transmission resources, ensuring the timely transmission of critical data.

[0082] Here, based on these channel quality parameters, the fusion terminal dynamically adjusts the polling strategy, such as polling frequency, retransmission mechanism, and priority scheduling, to optimize channel utilization and data reporting reliability under multi-node concurrent communication. Specifically, when the channel health score is higher than the first preset threshold, the polling frequency can be increased, and batch data requests can be triggered to improve data collection efficiency; when the health score is lower than the second preset threshold, the polling frequency can be reduced, the number of retransmissions can be increased, and the data of the collection terminal associated with the electric energy meter can be marked as a low-priority upload task. Through this dynamic adjustment, the system can effectively respond to changes in channel quality, significantly improve the reliability and stability of data transmission, reduce data loss and transmission delay, and thus improve the performance of the entire system.

[0083] Here, the formula for calculating the channel health score of each collection terminal in the preset comprehensive scoring model can be: ; where H is the channel health score, S2 is the Bluetooth signal strength of the collection terminal, S2min is the minimum value of the current Bluetooth signal strength of all collection terminals, S2max is the maximum value of the current Bluetooth signal strength of all collection terminals, N is the normalized power line carrier noise level, E is the communication error rate, M is the impedance matching coefficient, and w1-w4 are weight coefficients and satisfy ∑wi=1.

[0084] Here, the channel quality parameters refer to a series of indicators used to evaluate the performance of the communication channel, which help the system judge the transmission quality and stability of the current channel. The signal strength refers to the power of the received signal at the receiving end, usually expressed in dBm (decibel milliwatt). The higher the signal strength, the stronger the signal and the better the transmission quality. The noise level refers to the intensity of the background noise in the communication channel. The higher the noise level, the greater the interference to the signal, which may cause data transmission errors. The communication error rate refers to the ratio of the number of error bits to the total number of transmitted bits during data transmission. The lower the communication error rate, the higher the accuracy of data transmission. It is usually expressed in scientific notation, such as 1e-6, which means 1 error bit per million bits. The channel impedance matching state refers to whether the impedance of the sending end and the receiving end is matched. Good impedance matching can reduce signal reflection and attenuation, and improve the quality of signal transmission. The impedance matching state is usually evaluated by measuring the reflection coefficient.

[0085] wherein the preset number can be flexibly configured according to the communication stability of the site environment where the terminal is located, the data acquisition frequency, and the network topology dynamic characteristics. For example, in a stable communication environment with less interference, it can be set to 3 sampling periods to avoid false triggering of the early warning; in a complex environment with strong electromagnetic interference or frequent channel fluctuations, it can be appropriately increased to 5 or more periods to enhance the judgment robustness. The configurability of the threshold makes the link early warning mechanism have both sensitivity and anti-interference, and adapt to the needs of different deployment scenarios.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the power line carrier channel noise spectrum data and Bluetooth communication link error event information reported by each acquisition terminal are received; based on the data, a cross-modal interference channel map covering the entire network is generated through a centralized interference correlation analysis model, and the updated channel risk area information is issued to the relevant acquisition terminal to dynamically adjust the power line carrier working frequency and the Bluetooth frequency hopping sequence; when detecting that a certain acquisition terminal continuously reports a high error rate or a communication interruption event, a forced frequency band switching instruction is sent to the acquisition terminal, instructing it to switch the power line carrier communication module to a non-overlapping frequency band and suspend Bluetooth transmission until the channel reconstruction is completed; the global channel scheduling strategy is updated synchronously, and the communication resource configuration of multiple acquisition terminals is coordinated to enable each terminal to avoid sharing a high interference frequency band and achieve network-level anti-interference optimization.

[0087] Based on the same application concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a device corresponding to the centralized meter reading method provided by the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the principle of solving problems in the device of the embodiments of the present application is similar to the centralized meter reading method of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described here.

[0088] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram of a collection terminal is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4 The collection terminal 20 comprises: A measurement module 210 is configured to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the plurality of electric energy meters. A configuration module 220 is configured to divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on the joint evaluation result of the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group. A first receiving module 230 is configured to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter according to the configured communication configuration parameter, using a differentiated broadcast strategy, and receive the power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter in parallel, and cache the power consumption data. A first sending module 240 is configured to send the cached power consumption data to the fusion terminal in response to a polling request from the fusion terminal.

[0089] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a fusion terminal is provided for an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5 The fusion terminal 30 further comprises: A second sending module 330 is configured to send a polling request to the collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the plurality of electric energy meters, divide the plurality of electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on the joint evaluation result, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group. A second receiving module 340 is configured to receive the power consumption data cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameter using a differentiated broadcast strategy, and upload the power consumption data to a master center.

[0090] Based on the same application concept, referring to Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 600 is provided for an embodiment of the present application, comprising a processor 610, a memory 620 and a bus 630, the memory 620 stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor 610, when the electronic device 600 is running, the processor 610 and the memory 620 communicate through the bus 630, the machine readable instructions are executed by the processor 610 to perform the steps of the centralized meter reading method as described above Figure 2 or Figure 3 any one of the centralized meter reading method.

[0091] Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is run by a processor to execute the steps of the centralized meter reading method provided in the above embodiment.

[0092] Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a mobile disk, a hard disk, etc., and the computer program stored on the storage medium can be run to execute the centralized meter reading method, through joint evaluation of the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication bit error rate, dynamic configuration of the communication configuration parameter and implementation of the differentiated broadcast strategy, the concurrency and reliability of meter reading in a high-noise environment can be improved, the communication conflict and retransmission rate are effectively reduced, and the data acquisition efficiency and the overall stability of centralized meter reading are improved.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the computer program run by the processor can also execute other machine readable instructions to execute the methods described in the embodiments, for specific method steps and principles, refer to the description of the embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0094] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other manners. The described device embodiments are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There can be another division manner for the actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0095] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments.

[0096] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments provided in the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0097] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that contribute to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0098] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily think of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. These modifications, changes or replacements do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. They should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A centralized meter reading method, characterized by, The method comprises: After establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with a plurality of electric energy meters, measuring the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter; Based on the joint evaluation results of the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, the plurality of electric energy meters are divided into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group, and each group of communication quality groups is configured with a communication configuration parameter that is suitable for it; According to the configured communication configuration parameter, a differentiated broadcast strategy is used to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter, and the power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter is received in parallel, and the power consumption data is cached; In response to a polling request from a fusion terminal, the cached power consumption data is sent to the fusion terminal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, After caching the power consumption data, before responding to the polling request from the fusion terminal, the method further comprises: Timestamp alignment and outlier filtering are performed on the cached power consumption data to generate a standardized data set; Based on the historical communication success rate and the current Bluetooth signal strength of each electric energy meter, the data transmission priority of each electric energy meter is calculated; The power consumption data in the standardized data set is arranged in descending order of data transmission priority, and the power consumption data with a data transmission priority greater than a preset threshold is aggregated into the same power line broadband carrier communication frame; The encapsulated power line broadband carrier communication frame is stored in a pending queue to respond to the polling request of the fusion terminal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: Receiving a time synchronization signal broadcast by the fusion terminal, obtaining a unified time reference, and forwarding the time reference to each connected electric energy meter; Based on the aligned time reference, a preset period is divided into a plurality of equal-length data acquisition frames, each data acquisition frame is divided into a plurality of fixed time slots, and based on the device identifier of each electric energy meter, two-level modulo operation is performed to allocate an uplink transmission window to each electric energy meter; Before the start of the target electric energy meter's uplink transmission window, a wake-up pulse sequence is sent to the target electric energy meter to trigger the target electric energy meter to start the microcontroller within a short time delay and complete the encapsulation preparation of the power consumption data; A high-speed physical layer protocol is used to receive compressed data packets sent by the target electric energy meter, and all data interaction is completed through a single wireless transmission; the compressed data packets contain standard metering data, timestamps, and verification information; After successfully receiving and verifying the compressed data packets, an acknowledgement signal is returned to the target electric energy meter to trigger the target electric energy meter to enter a deep sleep mode.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: Real-time monitoring of the noise power spectral density of the first preset frequency band used by the power line broadband carrier communication channel, and generating an interference channel map corresponding to the second preset frequency band of the Bluetooth communication based on a preset frequency domain conversion algorithm; Based on the interference channel map, dynamically avoid high interference risk channels, and control the Bluetooth communication unit to perform adaptive frequency hopping communication in the remaining available communication channels; Before initiating data transmission of the Bluetooth communication, the power amplifier of the power line broadband carrier communication unit is turned off through a hardware enable signal; When there is spectral overlap between the power line carrier operating frequency and the mirror frequency of the currently used Bluetooth communication link, the error code state of the Bluetooth communication link is continuously monitored; If a preset number of communication errors are continuously detected, the working frequency point of the power line broadband carrier communication is switched to a non-interference frequency band, an interference channel map is updated, and the Bluetooth communication unit is controlled to switch to a new safe communication channel.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: In response to a Bluetooth scan initiated by the mobile terminal, pairing is completed and a connection is established in a low-power listening mode; device type identification and version information are sent to the mobile terminal to trigger the mobile terminal to match a corresponding target communication protocol from a local protocol library; a meter reading request from the mobile terminal is received, adapted binary instructions are generated according to the target communication protocol and are issued to a target electric energy meter, and response data streams returned by the target electric energy meter are received; the response data streams are subjected to integrity checking and format analysis, context information is extracted, and a structured meter reading log with a time series label and a digital signature is generated; the power consumption data and the meter reading log are merged and packaged as traceable data packets, and are transmitted to the mobile terminal through a Bluetooth communication link, so that the mobile terminal uploads the data packets to a master station center after restoring remote network connection.

6. A centralized meter reading method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: a polling request is sent to a collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and the communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing Bluetooth communication connections with a plurality of electric energy meters, the plurality of electric energy meters are divided into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on joint evaluation results, and communication configuration parameters suitable for each communication quality group are configured; power consumption data obtained and cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameters using a differential broadcast strategy are received, and the power consumption data are uploaded to a master station center.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The method further comprises: a power line broadband carrier communication frame sent by the collection terminal is received; the power line broadband carrier communication frame is generated by time stamp alignment and outlier filtering of cached power consumption data by the collection terminal to generate a standardized data set, and is packaged in descending order according to the data transmission priority of each electric energy meter; a priority label in the power line broadband carrier communication frame is analyzed to identify the transmission priority level of each power consumption data; according to the transmission priority, power consumption data with a data transmission priority greater than a preset threshold are subjected to fast checking and forwarding processing in a local cache queue, and power consumption data with a data transmission priority less than the preset threshold are delayed or batch-packaged for uploading; after network interruption is restored, power consumption data with a data transmission priority greater than the preset threshold and a history of unsuccessful reporting are preferentially retransmitted.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, The method further comprises: channel quality parameters reported by each collection terminal are collected in real time; the channel quality parameters include at least one of a Bluetooth signal strength, a power line carrier noise level, a communication error rate, and a channel impedance matching state; based on the channel quality parameters, a channel health score of each collection terminal is calculated through a preset comprehensive scoring model; and According to the channel health score and a change trend of the channel health score in continuous multiple sampling periods, a polling strategy for a corresponding collection terminal is dynamically adjusted; For a collection terminal with a continuously decreasing health score for more than a continuous preset number of periods, a link warning mode is started, and a link optimization command including a frequency band switching suggestion or a transmission power adjustment instruction is actively issued to assist the collection terminal in improving the communication state.

9. A collection terminal, characterized by The collection terminal comprises: a measurement module configured to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the electric energy meters; a configuration module configured to divide the electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on a joint evaluation result of the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; a first receiving module configured to synchronously send a meter reading instruction to each electric energy meter according to the configured communication configuration parameter, receive power consumption data returned by each electric energy meter in parallel, and cache the power consumption data; a first sending module configured to send the cached power consumption data to the fusion terminal in response to a polling request from the fusion terminal.

10. A converged terminal, characterized by, The fusion terminal comprises: a second sending module configured to send a polling request to the collection terminal to trigger the collection terminal to measure the Bluetooth signal strength and communication error rate of each electric energy meter after establishing a Bluetooth communication connection with the electric energy meters, divide the electric energy meters into a first communication quality group and a second communication quality group based on a joint evaluation result, and configure a communication configuration parameter suitable for each communication quality group; a second receiving module configured to receive power consumption data cached by the collection terminal based on the configured communication configuration parameter using a differentiated broadcast strategy, and upload the power consumption data to a master center.

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