Igniter automatic replacement device and intelligent safe and efficient pyrotechnic power cut-out

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic ignition device replacement mechanism and an intelligent, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic-type circuit breaker. The automatic ignition device replacement mechanism includes: a housing, a base, a rotating shaft, a limiting component, a triggering component, a mounting plate, an ignition device, and a control plate. An explosion channel is provided at the top of the housing, with the ignition device correspondingly positioned below. The base is installed at the bottom of the housing to house the power component. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, with its lower end connected to the power component. The pyrotechnic-type circuit breaker includes: a housing, and a power-off module and a conductive part installed within the housing. The conductive part includes a copper busbar installed on the housing and a conductive plate connected to the power-off module. The conductive plate contacts the copper busbar to connect the circuit. The power-off module moves under the impact of the ignition device's detonation, thereby causing the conductive plate to separate from the copper busbar to disconnect the circuit. This invention comprehensively overcomes the limitations of traditional fuses, from innovative structural design to reusability and optimized working principle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit protection technology, and in particular to an automatic ignition device and an intelligent, safe and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] In the efficient operation of modern electric and new energy vehicles, circuit breakers play a crucial role as key components that ensure line safety and resist overload and short circuit hazards.

[0003] Chinese patent CN202010384326.4 discloses an exemplary embodiment of an active / passive automotive fuse module, which may include: an electrically insulating base; a fuse plate including a busbar portion disposed on a top surface of the base above a projectile cavity formed in the base; the fuse plate also including a fusible portion electrically connected to the busbar portion and adapted to disconnect when the current flowing through the fuse plate exceeds the current rating of the active / passive automotive fuse module; the active / passive automotive fuse module also including a pyrotechnic circuit breaker (PI) disposed on top of the base and including a projectile located above the busbar portion; the PI being configured to drive the projectile through the busbar portion when the PI is actuated.

[0004] However, traditional circuit breakers have many problems when breaking high-current conditions. First, most explosive circuit breakers on the market have complex structures, leading to increased manufacturing costs and difficulties in installation and subsequent maintenance. More importantly, most of these products lack reusability; once the fuse is triggered, the entire device is rendered unusable, resulting in serious resource waste and contradicting the current industrial trend of energy conservation, emission reduction, and sustainable development. Second, the arc-breaking process is lengthy and incomplete; prolonged arcing can easily cause electrical faults such as line burnout and equipment damage, seriously threatening the stability of the power system. Therefore, developing a new type of pyrotechnic circuit breaker that can solve the above problems is urgently needed.

[0005] Traditional ignition circuit breakers cannot be reused after a power outage, mostly due to insufficient fuel. The core reason is that a single ignition device cannot store excess fuel, and multiple ignition devices cannot automatically replace spare fuel, increasing ignition device costs, significantly impacting vehicle functionality, and causing inconvenience to users. Therefore, a new automatic ignition device replacement system that solves the reuse problem is needed based on the aforementioned novel pyrotechnic ignition circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an automatic ignition device. This device is layered by strategically positioning two sets of ignition devices, a base, a limiting component, and a triggering component. When the ignition device explodes, the shockwave causes the triggering component to impact the limiting component. The limiting component releases the shaft's constraint, and a power component drives the shaft and control disc to rotate. The control disc presses the needle holder, causing the pin to detach from the needle holder. The limiting block then rotates the mounting plate, swapping the positions of the two sets of ignition devices and inserting the pin into the needle holder, thus achieving automatic ignition device replacement. Furthermore, only manual pressing of the top insulating component is needed to re-establish contact between the conductive plate and the copper busbar to reconnect the circuit and continue operation. This invention is reusable, significantly reducing operating costs and resource consumption.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An automatic ignition changer includes:

[0009] The shell has an explosion channel at its top;

[0010] A base is installed at the bottom of the housing; the base has a space for accommodating the power component;

[0011] A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, and its lower end is connected to the power component;

[0012] A limiting component is installed above the base to limit / release the rotation limit of the rotating shaft;

[0013] A triggering component that changes the limiting state between the limiting component and the rotating shaft;

[0014] The mounting plate has two sets of ignition devices mounted on it; the rotating shaft drives the mounting plate to rotate, so that the positions of the two sets of ignition devices are interchanged.

[0015] The control panel changes the connection relationship between the ignition needle and the needle seat. The control panel is connected to the rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft.

[0016] A limiting block is provided on one side of the top of the rotating shaft, and a limiting groove is provided on the top of the mounting plate. The limiting block is rotatably positioned in the limiting groove, so that when the limiting block rotates to one side of the limiting groove, it drives the mounting plate to rotate synchronously.

[0017] After the ignition device explodes, the shock wave causes the triggering component to collide with the limiting component. The limiting component releases the restriction of the rotating shaft, and the power component drives the rotating shaft and control panel to rotate. The control panel squeezes the needle seat, causing the needle to separate from the needle seat. The limiting block drives the mounting plate to rotate, so that the positions of the two sets of ignition devices are interchanged and the needle is inserted into the needle seat, and the ignition device is automatically replaced.

[0018] Preferably, the edge of the control panel is provided with a control part, and the housing is provided with a first track to accommodate the control part; the control part is rotatably disposed in the first track; the control part includes a first track and a second track, the diameter of the first track is larger than the diameter of the second track, and the first track and the second track are connected by an inclined transition track.

[0019] Preferably, the needle seat is slidably disposed on the housing, with a first reset member and a positioning bead disposed on the housing connected to one side, so that the needle seat abuts against the side wall of the control part; the needle seat abuts against the second track, the transition track and the first track in sequence, so that the needle and the needle seat change from the inserted state to the disengaged state.

[0020] Preferably, the limiting component includes: a pawl rotatably mounted on the base and a ratchet connected to the rotating shaft. The ratchet is symmetrically provided with two sets of ratchet teeth. The pawl is in contact with the triggering component and always abuts against the ratchet to limit the ratchet.

[0021] Preferably, the triggering component includes: a guide cylinder connected to the rotating shaft; a trigger head slidably disposed within the guide cylinder; and a second reset member for resetting the trigger head.

[0022] Preferably, the lead pin of the ignition device extends elastically along the side wall of the mounting plate;

[0023] The needle holder is located at the top of the first track. A third track for changing the position of the needle is also provided on the side near the needle holder. The third track is located on the side opposite to the direction of rotation of the needle relative to the rotating shaft. The initial segment of the third track is tangent to the bottom surface of the first track, and the end of the third track is flush with the maximum extension position of the needle holder.

[0024] Preferably, the explosion channel has a semi-circular opening structure, and the ignition device is correspondingly located below the opening structure.

[0025] Another objective of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an intelligent, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker. This is achieved by incorporating a power-off module, a conductive component, and an automatic ignition device within the housing. The conductive component includes a copper busbar mounted on the housing and a conductive plate connected to the power-off module. The conductive plate contacts the copper busbar to establish a circuit. When the ignition device detonates, the power-off module moves under the impact, causing the conductive plate to separate from the copper busbar and disconnect the circuit, thus achieving precise and rapid circuit disconnection. Furthermore, a dual arc-extinguishing structure consisting of an air-blowing arc-extinguishing module and an arc-extinguishing grid is constructed to achieve rapid and thorough arc extinguishing, ensuring the stability of the power system. This invention is particularly intended to provide a more reliable guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power systems, new energy vehicle power batteries, and other fields.

[0026] A smart, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker includes: a housing; and a power-breaking module and a conductive part installed within the housing; wherein the conductive part includes a copper busbar installed on the housing and a conductive plate connected to the power-breaking module, the conductive plate being in contact with the copper busbar to connect the circuit, and the power-breaking module moving under the impact of the ignition device, thereby causing the conductive plate to separate from the copper busbar to disconnect the circuit.

[0027] Preferably, the device also includes an automatic ignition device as described above, installed within the housing. The housing includes a lower housing and an upper housing. An upper chamber and a lower chamber are connected from top to bottom within the lower housing. The automatic ignition device is installed at the bottom of the lower chamber. The power-off module is installed inside the lower chamber and located above the automatic ignition device. The conductive part is installed inside the upper chamber. The top of the upper housing has an open design.

[0028] Preferably, the power-off module includes: a push slider, which is sleeved in the lower cavity; a conductive slider, the upper end of which is designed to protrude from the upper housing and an insulating member is provided on the top of the conductive slider, the insulating member being connected to the conductive slider by fasteners, the conductive slider being sleeved in the push slider and the conductive plate being installed in the upper cavity portion; the conductive slider being sleeved in the push slider and the conductive plate being installed thereon; a main elastic member, which is abutting between the conductive slider and the upper housing; the push slider, the conductive slider, and the lower cavity are connected by a limiting structure, so that when the ignition device is detonated, the push slider first pushes the conductive slider to move upward synchronously, causing the conductive plate to separate from the copper busbar, and then the conductive slider rotates alone to complete the locking.

[0029] Preferably, limit keys are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the conductive slider; a number of limit grooves are distributed circumferentially in the lower cavity, the limit grooves include a vertically arranged long groove and a sloping groove that is circumferentially offset from the long groove and forms a "√" shape, the end of the sloping groove that connects with the long groove is high and the other end is low and serves as a locking end.

[0030] In the initial state, the limiting key is circumferentially limited within the long groove and abuts against the upper end face of the pushing slider. When the igniter is detonated, the impact force drives the pushing slider to move upward. The conductive slider is pushed upward synchronously by the pushing slider and presses against the main elastic element. After the limiting key disengages from the long groove, the conductive slider is subjected to the downward pressure of the main elastic element and is guided to rotate on the sloped groove until it abuts and locks.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) By setting a trigger component and a limit component in the ignition automatic replacement device, the present invention can release the restriction of the rotating shaft after the ignition is detonated and provide power to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby driving the control panel and the ignition to rotate, so that the needle seat of the shell and the pin of the ignition go through the process of disengagement and insertion to realize the automatic replacement of the positions of the two sets of ignition without manual intervention, greatly improving the operational safety and reducing the risk of human intervention.

[0033] (2) In this invention, the edge of the control panel is provided with a control part, including a first track and a second track. The diameter of the first track is larger than the diameter of the second track. The first track and the second track are connected by an inclined transition track. The needle seat can be squeezed outward by rotation to separate it from the needle. The needle seat passes through the second track, the transition track and the first track in sequence to change the needle and needle seat from the inserted state to the disengaged state. At the same time, the needle and needle seat are provided with elastically installed reset parts on both sides to reduce the friction when squeezed and increase the service life of the product.

[0034] (3) In this invention, after the ignition device is automatically replaced, it can be restored to work by manually opening the engine hood and pressing the insulating part to make the conductive sheet and copper busbar re-contact and connect the circuit. This allows for reuse. Thanks to the stable slider linkage mechanism and housing assembly, each component can maintain its original precision and fit during automatic fuel replacement and manual reset operations. There is no need for complex adjustments to the overall structure. The ignition device is reusable, which greatly reduces the cost of use and reduces resource consumption.

[0035] (2) The present invention sets a power-off module and a conductive part inside the housing of the pyrotechnic type power cut-off device. The conductive part includes a copper busbar installed on the housing and a conductive piece connected to the power-off module. The conductive piece contacts the copper busbar to connect the circuit. The power-off module moves under the impact of the ignition device when it is detonated, thereby causing the conductive piece to separate from the copper busbar to disconnect the circuit, thus achieving precise and rapid circuit disconnection and greatly improving circuit safety.

[0036] (3) The present invention installs an arc-extinguishing grid plate on the upper inner side of the lower shell of the pyrotechnic circuit breaker. The arc-extinguishing grid plate is selected and scientifically arranged according to the advanced arc-extinguishing principle, and has a strong arc attraction and segmentation capability to achieve effective arc extinguishing. In addition, an air-blowing arc-extinguishing module is set up to perform air-blowing arc extinguishing, thus constructing a double arc-extinguishing guarantee. Moreover, the key arc-extinguishing components such as the arc-extinguishing grid plate have a long service life and can maintain high efficiency performance after multiple arc-extinguishing tests, which greatly reduces maintenance costs and resource consumption.

[0037] In summary, the automatic ignition device replacement device and the rotary contactless high-efficiency pyrotechnic circuit breaker of the present invention, from innovative structural design to reusability and optimized working principle, comprehensively break through the limitations of traditional fuses, opening up a new development path for equipment protection in the fields of power, new energy vehicle power batteries, etc., with high practical value and broad market prospects, and are expected to become core products in the field of power protection. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the structure of the present invention in its initial state;

[0039] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of part of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the structure of the present invention in a power-off state;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the automatic ignition device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a top view of the triggering component and the limiting component in this invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a top view of the control panel in this invention;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the insertion state of the pin and the pin holder in this invention;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the disengaged state of the insert pin and the pin holder in this invention;

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third trajectory of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 This is a top view of the installation disk in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, an automatic ignition device includes: a housing 31, a base 32, a rotating shaft 34, a limiting component 35, a triggering component 36, a mounting plate 37, an ignition device 38, and a control plate 39; wherein, the top of the housing 31 has an explosion channel, preferably a semi-circular opening structure, and the ignition device 38 is correspondingly located below the opening structure; the base 32 is installed at the bottom of the housing 31, more specifically, the base 32 has a space for accommodating a power component 33; the power component 33 is preferably a coil spring; the rotating shaft 34 is rotatably mounted on the base 32, and its lower end is connected to the power component 33, the power component 33 driving the rotating shaft 34 to rotate.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the limiting component 35 is installed above the base 32 and is used to limit / release the rotation limit of the rotating shaft 34. Preferably, the limiting component 35 includes: a pawl 351 rotatably mounted on the base 32 and a ratchet 352 connected to the rotating shaft 34. The ratchet 352 is symmetrically provided with two sets of ratchet teeth. The pawl 351 is in contact with the trigger component 36 and always abuts against the ratchet 352 to limit the ratchet 352.

[0055] The triggering component 36 changes the limiting state between the limiting component 35 and the rotating shaft 34. Preferably, the triggering component 36 includes: a guide cylinder 361 connected to the rotating shaft 34; a trigger head 362 slidably disposed within the guide cylinder 361; and a second reset member 363 for resetting the trigger head 362. Specifically, the rotating shaft 34 has a hollow gas channel 342 in the middle. The guide cylinder 361 is connected to the gas channel 342. The gas flow from the combustion of the igniter 38 enters the guide cylinder 361 through the gas channel 342 and acts on the trigger head 362, causing the trigger head 362 to pop out. The popped-out trigger head 362 disengages the pawl 351 from the ratchet 352, releasing the limiting position of the ratchet 352. The power component 33 then drives the rotating shaft 34 to rotate.

[0056] In this embodiment, there are two sets of igniters 38, both mounted on the mounting plate 37. The rotating shaft 34 drives the mounting plate 37 to rotate, causing the positions of the two sets of igniters 38 to interchange. The control plate 39 changes the connection relationship between the pin 381 and the pin seat 311 on the igniter 38. The control plate 39 is connected to the rotating shaft 34 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 34. A limiting block 341 is provided on one side of the top of the rotating shaft 34, and a limiting groove 371 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 37. The limiting block 341 is rotatably disposed in the limiting groove 371, so that when the limiting block 341 rotates to one side of the limiting groove 371, it drives the mounting plate 37 to rotate synchronously.

[0057] As a preferred option, such as Figure 8 As shown, the edge of the control disk 39 is provided with a control part 395, and the housing 31 is provided with a first track 312 to accommodate the control part 395; the control part 395 is rotatably disposed in the first track 312; the control part 395 includes a first track 391 and a second track 392, the diameter of the first track 391 is larger than the diameter of the second track 392, and the first track 391 and the second track 392 are connected by an inclined transition track 393, which can be rotated to squeeze the needle seat 311 outward, so as to separate it from the insertion needle 381.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 9-10 As shown, the needle holder 311 is slidably disposed on the housing 31, and a first reset member 313 and a positioning bead 314 disposed on the housing 31 are connected to one side of the needle holder 311, so that the needle holder 311 abuts against the side wall of the control part 395; the needle holder 311 abuts against the second track 392, the transition track 393 and the first track 391 in sequence, so that the needle 381 and the needle holder 311 change from the inserted state to the disengaged state.

[0059] As a preferred option, such as Figure 11As shown, the needle holder 311 is located at the top of the first track 312. A third track 394 for changing the position of the insertion needle 381 is also provided on the side near the needle holder 311. The third track 394 is located on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the insertion needle 381 relative to the rotating shaft 34. The initial segment of the third track 394 is tangent to the bottom surface of the first track 312, and the end of the third track 394 is flush with the maximum extension position of the needle holder 311. It should be noted that when replacing the ignition device 38, when the ignition device 38 to be replaced is rotated to one side of the needle holder 311, the third track 394 causes the insertion pin 381 to retract. After rotating to the alignment position of the needle holder 311, the insertion pin 381 is inserted into the needle holder 311 by the action of the elastic element, thus completing the insertion of the insertion pin 381. The lead pin 381 of the ignition device 38 extends elastically along the side wall of the mounting plate 37, which facilitates insertion with the needle holder 311 or is compressed by the third track 394 to reduce rotational friction or jamming.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a smart, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker includes: a housing 1; and a power-breaking module 20 and a conductive part 4 installed within the housing 1; wherein, the conductive part 4 includes a copper busbar 41 mounted on the housing 1 and a conductive piece 42 connected to the power-breaking module 20, the conductive piece 42 contacting the copper busbar 41 to connect the circuit, and the power-breaking module 20 moving under the impact of the ignition device 38, thereby causing the conductive piece 42 to separate from the copper busbar 41 to disconnect the circuit, as shown. Figure 3 As shown.

[0062] In this embodiment, a power-off module 20 and a conductive part 4 are provided inside the housing 1. The conductive part 4 includes a copper busbar 41 installed on the housing and a conductive sheet 42 connected to the power-off module 20. The conductive sheet 42 contacts the copper busbar 41 to connect the circuit. The power-off module 20 moves under the impact of the ignition device 38 when it is detonated, thereby causing the conductive sheet 42 to separate from the copper busbar 41 to disconnect the circuit. This achieves precise and rapid circuit disconnection while also being reusable, greatly reducing usage costs and resource consumption.

[0063] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1As shown, it also includes an automatic ignition device replacement device 3 as described in Embodiment 1, which is installed inside the housing 1. The housing 1 includes a lower housing 11 and an upper housing 12. An upper chamber 13 and a lower chamber 14 are connected from top to bottom inside the lower housing 11. The automatic ignition device replacement device 3 is installed at the bottom of the lower chamber 14. The power-off module 20 is installed inside the lower chamber 14 and located above the automatic ignition device replacement device 3. The conductive part 4 is installed inside the upper chamber 13. The top of the upper housing 12 is designed with an opening to form a structural basis for subsequent reset operations.

[0064] In this embodiment, the automatic ignition device 3 is precisely fitted into the lower chamber 14. The chamber structure is optimized to not only stably support the automatic ignition device 3, but also efficiently guide the directional release of energy during detonation. In addition, the bottom cover of the lower shell 11 is a detachable structure, which facilitates the replacement of the automatic ignition device 3.

[0065] Preferably, the power-off module 20 includes: a push slider 21, which is fitted inside the lower chamber 14; a conductive slider 22, the upper end of which is designed to protrude from the upper housing 12 and an insulating member 25 is provided on the top of the conductive slider 22, the insulating member 25 being connected to the conductive slider 22 by fasteners 26, the conductive slider 22 being fitted inside the push slider 21 and the conductive sheet 42 being installed in the upper chamber 13 portion, enabling a reusable function where, after the ignition device 38 completes the power-off, the circuit can be reconnected by manually pressing the insulating member 25; and a main elastic member 23, which is abutted between the conductive slider 22 and the upper housing 12; the push slider 21, the conductive slider 22, and the lower chamber 14 are connected by a limiting structure, so that when the ignition device 38 is ignited, the push slider 21 first pushes the conductive slider 22 to move upward synchronously, causing the conductive sheet 42 to separate from the copper busbar 41, and then the conductive slider 22 rotates independently to lock.

[0066] As a preferred option, such as Figure 2 As shown, limit keys 221 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the conductive slider 22; a number of limit grooves are distributed circumferentially in the lower chamber 14, each limit groove including a vertically arranged long groove 141 and a sloping groove 142 that is circumferentially offset from the long groove 141 and forms a "√" shape. The sloping groove 142 is connected to the long groove 141 at one end at a high position and the other end at a low position, serving as a locking end.

[0067] Combination Figure 2-3As shown, in the initial state, the limiting key 221 is circumferentially limited within the elongated groove 141 and abuts against the upper end face 210 of the pushing slider 21. When the igniter 38 detonates, the impact force drives the pushing slider 21 to move upward. The conductive slider 22 is pushed upward synchronously by the pushing slider 21 and presses against the main elastic element 23. After the limiting key 221 disengages from the elongated groove 141, the conductive slider 22 is subjected to the downward pressure of the main elastic element 23 and is guided to rotate on the sloped groove 142 until it abuts and locks. Figure 5 As shown.

[0068] It is worth noting that the main elastic element 23 has its elastic coefficient precisely adjusted to provide suitable support for the internal components, buffer the impact of the fuse action, and protect the stable operation of the internal structure.

[0069] As a preferred option, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power-off module 20 further includes a secondary elastic element 24, which is disposed between the push slider 21 and the conductive slider 22.

[0070] In this embodiment, the secondary elastic element 24 continuously applies stable pressure to drive the conductive slider 22 to quickly reset.

[0071] As a preferred option, such as Figure 2 As shown, guide keys 211 are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the push slider 21, and the guide keys 211 are limited and installed in the long groove 141.

[0072] In this embodiment, a long groove 141 is designed in the lower middle part of the inner side of the lower housing 11. The push slider 21 is located in the lower middle part of the inner side of the lower housing 11. The guide key 211 on its outer surface fits tightly with the long groove 141. The precise contour and size of the long groove 141 provide a precise motion track for the push slider 21, ensuring that the slider moves smoothly along the predetermined trajectory during high-speed operation without deviating from the trajectory.

[0073] Preferably, the bottom surface of the limiting key 221 is configured as a slope that matches the slope groove 142, and the upper end surface 210 of the pushing slider 21 is configured as a serrated shape distributed circumferentially to form a plurality of slopes for matching and abutting against the limiting key 221.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The components in this embodiment that are the same as or corresponding to those in the above embodiments are referred to by the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences between this embodiment and the above embodiments are described below. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that:

[0076] As a preferred option, such as Figure 2As shown, it also includes: a blow-air arc extinguishing module 5, wherein the insulating gas generated when the igniter 38 is detonated is guided by the blow-air arc extinguishing module 5 and sprayed to the contact point 40 between the conductive sheet 42 and the copper busbar 41 for blow-air arc extinguishing.

[0077] As a preferred option, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, the air-blowing arc-extinguishing module 5 includes: an air inlet 51, which is provided on the lower housing 11 in the space of the lower chamber 14 between the power-off module 20 and the ignition automatic replacement device 3; an air outlet 52, which is provided on the side wall of the lower housing 11 at the position of the contact 40; a pipe 53, which connects the air inlet 51 and the air outlet 52; and a vent 54, which is provided on the lower housing 11 in the space of the upper chamber 13.

[0078] In the initial state, the power-off module 20 blocks the air inlet 51. When the igniter 38 detonates, the impact force drives the power-off module 20 to move upward, the air inlet 51 opens, and some of the gas generated by the explosion enters the upper chamber 13 through the pipe 53 to form a high-speed airflow, which blows air onto the contact 40 to extinguish the arc.

[0079] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes: an arc-extinguishing grid plate 6, which is installed inside the housing 1 and located near the contact 40 between the conductive sheet 42 and the copper busbar 41.

[0080] In this embodiment, due to the sudden change in current at the moment the conductive sheet 42 separates from the copper busbar 41, an upward-moving electric arc is generated at the break point. Therefore, an arc-extinguishing grid 6 is installed on the upper inner side of the lower housing 11. The arc-extinguishing grid 6 is selected and scientifically arranged according to advanced arc-extinguishing principles, possessing a strong arc attraction and segmentation capability. Utilizing its material properties and physical structure, it generates a strong electric field force, attracting the electric arc and dividing it into numerous short arcs using fine intervals. According to the characteristics of alternating current arcs, when the alternating current crosses zero, the short arcs extinguish synchronously due to insufficient energy.

[0081] At the same time, when the slider 21 is pushed upward by the explosion, the air inlet 51 is opened accordingly. Driven by the pressure difference, some of the insulating gas generated by the explosion is injected at high speed into the upper chamber 13 of the lower housing 11 through the pipe 53 and the air outlet 52, which blows air to extinguish the arc of the contact 40, thus constructing a double arc extinguishing guarantee and eliminating the possibility of arc reignition. The exhaust gas after arc extinguishing is discharged in an orderly manner through the carefully designed vent 54 to ensure a good environment inside the housing and not affect the performance of subsequent devices.

[0082] In this embodiment, key arc-extinguishing components such as the arc-extinguishing grid plate 6 have a long service life and can maintain high efficiency even after multiple arc-extinguishing tests, greatly reducing maintenance costs and resource consumption.

[0083] It is worth noting that the upper housing 12 and lower housing 11 are injection molded using high-precision molds in this application. The exquisite craftsmanship ensures that the dimensional accuracy of the housings is within a very small tolerance range, meeting the precision assembly requirements of internal components. For the automatic ignition device 3, a highly stable and high-energy-density ignition fuel is carefully selected and encapsulated in a specially designed high-pressure resistant container to ensure safety throughout the entire process. The arc-extinguishing grid 6 is made of a new alloy material with high temperature resistance, high conductivity, and strong magnetic attraction properties. It is installed on the upper inner side of the lower housing 11 through precision stamping and rigorous assembly processes. The conductive slider 22 and the pushing slider 21 of the slider linkage mechanism are injection molded from high-strength, low-friction engineering plastics and then finely machined and polished to ensure the precise dimensions of key components such as the guide key 211, the upper end face 210 of the pushing slider 21, and the limit key 221. During the assembly process, the design sequence is strictly followed, and each component is installed into the housing one by one in an orderly manner. Each step is accompanied by strict quality inspection to ensure that the finished fuse has excellent performance, stability and reliability, and can play a precise and efficient role in circuit protection under complex power conditions.

[0084] Work process:

[0085] (1) Working process of intelligent and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker:

[0086] Initially, the limiting key 221 of the conductive slider 22 is circumferentially limited within the elongated groove 141 of the lower housing 11 and abuts against the upper end face 210 of the push slider 21. When a circuit fault occurs, or the current overload or short circuit triggers the protection mechanism, the software control system signal triggers the igniter 38 to detonate. Instantly, the gas pressure in the lower chamber 14 rises sharply, generating a powerful thrust that acts on the push slider 21. The push slider 21 overcomes the reverse pulling force of the secondary elastic element 24 and moves upward rapidly. At the same time, the rigid connection between the upper end face 210 of the push slider 21 and the limiting key 221 of the conductive slider 22... Next, the push slider 21 overcomes the spring resistance of the main elastic element 23, and drives the conductive slider 22 to move upward synchronously until the limit key 221 of the conductive slider 22 crosses the long groove 141 of the lower housing 11, thereby separating the conductive sheet 42 from the copper busbar 41. After the explosion energy is released, the secondary elastic element 24 relies on elastic rebound to cause the conductive slider 22 and the push slider 21 to separate. The main elastic element 23 also plays a reset role, driving the conductive slider 22 to move downward. Its limit key 221 is guided to rotate downward on the slope groove 142 and finally accurately jams into the locking end of the slope groove 142 for contact locking.

[0087] In addition, when the slider 21 is pushed upward, the air inlet 51 is opened, and some of the gas generated by the explosion enters the upper chamber 13 through the pipe 53 to form a high-speed airflow, which blows air to extinguish the arc at the contact point 40 between the conductive sheet 42 and the copper busbar 41, and the arc extinguishing grid 6 also extinguishes the arc at the same time.

[0088] (2) Working process of the automatic ignition device:

[0089] After the igniter 38 ignites and explodes, a portion of the explosive gas flows through the gas channel 342, causing the trigger head 362 to move outward, disengaging the pawl 351 from the ratchet 352 and releasing the ratchet 352 from its limit. Under the action of the power component 33, the rotating shaft 34 rotates, thereby causing the control disk 39 to rotate. The control unit 395 on it, through the synchronous rotation of the transition track 393, squeezes the needle seat 311, causing the insert pin 381 to disengage from the needle seat 311. At the same time, the limiting block 341 rotates in the limiting groove 371 and drives the mounting disk 37 to rotate, causing the two sets of igniters 38 to exchange positions. Through the third track, the insert pin 381 is squeezed back to the igniter 38. When it rotates to the corresponding igniter 38 position, it pops out and inserts into the needle seat 311, realizing the automatic replacement function of the igniter 38.

[0090] If the automatic ignition switch 3 needs to continue operating, the hood can be manually opened and the insulating part 25 can be pressed to re-engage the conductive piece 42 with the copper busbar 41 to reconnect the circuit. The tightness of the connections of each component and the good sealing of the housing should be checked. After passing the final test, the hood can be closed, and the automatic ignition switch 3 can continue to operate, meaning the pyrotechnic circuit breaker can be put back into use and continue to perform its efficient circuit protection function.

[0091] Especially for special working conditions, the ignition can be reset and the vehicle's main power supply restored to enable the vehicle to start normally. In case of emergency, the vehicle can be driven normally to a repair shop for ignition replacement, ensuring that both sets of ignition can work properly.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic ignition device (3), comprising: Shell (31), the top of which is provided with an explosion channel; A base (32) is installed at the bottom of the housing (31); the base (32) has a space for accommodating a power component (33); A rotating shaft (34) is rotatably mounted on the base (32), and its lower end is connected to the power component (33); A limiting component (35) is installed above the base (32) to limit or release the rotation limit of the rotating shaft (34); Trigger component (36), which changes the limiting state between the limiting component (35) and the rotating shaft (34); Mounting plate (37), two sets of ignition devices (38) are mounted on the mounting plate (37); the rotating shaft (34) drives the mounting plate (37) to rotate, so that the positions of the two sets of ignition devices (38) are interchanged; The control panel (39) changes the connection relationship between the pin (381) and the pin seat (311) on the ignition device (38). The control panel (39) is connected to the rotating shaft (34) and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft (34). The top side of the rotating shaft (34) is provided with a limiting block (341), and the top of the mounting plate (37) is provided with a limiting groove (371). The limiting block (341) is rotatably disposed in the limiting groove (371). When the limiting block (341) rotates to one side of the limiting groove (371), it drives the mounting plate (37) to rotate synchronously. After the ignition device (38) explodes, the shock wave causes the trigger component (36) to hit the limiting component (35). The limiting component (35) releases the restriction of the rotating shaft (34). The power component (33) drives the rotating shaft (34) and the control panel (39) to rotate. The control panel (39) squeezes the needle seat (311) to make the insert pin (381) separate from the needle seat (311). The limiting block (341) drives the mounting plate (37) to rotate, so that the positions of the two sets of ignition devices (38) are interchanged and the insert pin (381) is inserted into the needle seat (311). The ignition device (38) is automatically replaced. The control panel (39) has a control section (395) on its edge, and a first track (312) for accommodating the control section (395) is provided on the housing (31); the control section (395) is rotatably disposed within the first track (312); the control section (395) includes a first track (391) and a second track (392), the diameter of the first track (391) is larger than the diameter of the second track (392), and the first track (391) and the second track (392) are connected by an inclined transition track (393); The needle seat (311) is slidably disposed on the housing (31). A first reset member (313) and a positioning bead (314) disposed on the housing (31) are connected to one side of the needle seat (311), so that the needle seat (311) abuts against the side wall of the control unit (395). The needle seat (311) abuts against the second track (392), the transition track (393) and the first track (391) in sequence, so that the insertion pin (381) and the needle seat (311) change from the insertion state to the disengagement state. The limiting component (35) includes: a pawl (351) rotatably mounted on the base (32) and a ratchet (352) connected to the rotating shaft (34). The ratchet (352) is symmetrically provided with two sets of ratchet teeth. The pawl (351) is in contact with the trigger component (36) and always abuts against the ratchet (352) to limit the ratchet (352).

2. The automatic ignition device (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger assembly (36) includes: a guide cylinder (361) connected to the rotating shaft (34); a trigger head (362) slidably disposed in the guide cylinder (361); and a second reset member (363) for resetting the trigger head (362).

3. The automatic ignition device (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin (381) of the ignition device (38) extends elastically along the side wall of the mounting plate (37); The needle holder (311) is located at the top of the first track (312). A third track (394) for changing the position of the insertion needle (381) is also provided on the side near the needle holder (311). The third track (394) is located on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the insertion needle (381) relative to the rotating shaft (34). The initial segment of the third track (394) is tangent to the bottom surface of the first track (312), and the end of the third track (394) is flush with the maximum extension position of the needle holder (311).

4. The automatic ignition device (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion channel has a semi-circular opening structure, and the ignition device (38) is correspondingly located below the opening structure.

5. A smart, safe, and efficient smoke-type circuit breaker, comprising: Shell (1); The power-off module (20) and conductive part (4) are installed in the housing (1); the conductive part (4) includes a copper busbar (41) installed on the housing (1) and a conductive piece (42) connected to the power-off module (20). The conductive piece (42) contacts the copper busbar (41) to connect the circuit. The power-off module (20) moves under the impact of the ignition device (38) when it is detonated, thereby causing the conductive piece (42) to separate from the copper busbar (41) to disconnect the circuit. The device is characterized in that it further includes an automatic ignition device (3) as described in any one of claims 1-4, which is installed in the housing (1); the housing (1) includes a lower housing (11) and an upper housing (12), the lower housing (11) is provided with an upper chamber (13) and a lower chamber (14) connected from top to bottom, the automatic ignition device (3) is installed at the bottom of the lower chamber (14), the power-off module (20) is installed in the lower chamber (14) and located above the automatic ignition device (3), and the conductive part (4) is installed in the upper chamber (13); the top of the upper housing (12) is designed to be open.

6. The intelligent, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power-off module (20) includes: Push slider (21), which is sleeved in the lower chamber (14); The conductive slider (22) has a design that protrudes from the upper housing (12) at its upper end and has an insulating member (25) on its top. The insulating member (25) is connected to the conductive slider (22) by a fastener (26). The conductive slider (22) is fitted inside the push slider (21) and the conductive sheet (42) is installed in the upper cavity (13). The main elastic element (23) is disposed between the conductive slider (22) and the upper housing (12); The push slider (21), the conductive slider (22) and the lower chamber (14) are connected by a limiting structure, so that when the ignition device (38) is detonated, the push slider (21) first pushes the conductive slider (22) to move upward synchronously, so that the conductive sheet (42) is separated from the copper busbar (41), and then the conductive slider (22) rotates alone to complete the locking.

7. The intelligent, safe, and efficient pyrotechnic circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that, Limiting keys (221) are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the conductive slider (22); a number of limiting grooves are distributed circumferentially in the lower chamber (14), the limiting grooves include a vertically arranged long groove (141) and a sloping groove (142) that is circumferentially offset from the long groove (141) and is in the shape of a "√"; one end of the sloping groove (142) that connects with the long groove (141) is at a high position, and the other end is at a low position and serves as a locking end; In the initial state, the limiting key (221) is circumferentially limited within the long groove (141) and abuts against the upper end face (210) of the push slider (21). When the igniter (38) detonates, the impact force drives the push slider (21) to move upward. The conductive slider (22) is pushed upward synchronously by the push slider (21) and presses against the main elastic element (23). After the limiting key (221) disengages from the long groove (141), the conductive slider (22) is subjected to the downward pressure of the main elastic element (23) and rotates on the slope groove (142) until it abuts and locks.

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