A device and method for testing the strength of metallic materials

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal material testing technology, specifically to a metal material strength testing device and method. The device includes a testing body, which comprises a support base and a portal frame structure mounted on the top wall of the support base. A lower support mechanism is mounted on the support base, and a limiting mechanism is mounted on the lower support mechanism. A pressure applying mechanism is mounted on the portal frame structure. The advantages are: the device supports the right-angle bend to be tested through the lower support mechanism and the limiting mechanism, flexibly limiting and clamping to adapt to the bend's posture (horizontal, inverted L-shaped vertical, L-shaped vertical), integrating multiple testing functions (overall pressure bearing, local surface pressure, end face pressure bearing, internal thrust) into one unit, significantly improving testing efficiency and equipment space utilization, avoiding the need to purchase multiple dedicated devices for different tests; the simulated working conditions are more comprehensive and more closely match the actual use of standard right-angle bends after installation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal material detection, and in particular to a metal material strength detection device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Steel is the most widely used and largest metal material, and common steel materials include steel plates and steel pipes. Steel pipes are hollow-section steel materials used for conveying fluids and as structural members. Compression strength detection of pipe fittings is a key step for evaluating their mechanical properties. Usually, a compression strength detection device is used for mechanical property testing. During testing, the pipe fitting is usually placed horizontally on a lower pressing table, and a pressure is applied downward by an upper pressing table for compression testing. No cracks or deformation on the surface of the sample is the standard for qualification determination.

[0003] Elbow steel pipes are one of the most common and critical pipe fittings in a piping system, which are used to change the direction of the pipeline. Common elbow pipes include 45° elbows, right-angle elbows, 180° elbows, etc. The compression strength detection device currently used for mechanical property testing can only simply detect the compression resistance of the pipe fitting surface in a horizontal installation state. There is no integrated compression strength detection equipment for the common right-angle elbow pipe and the pressure it bears in various situations, including the following common situations: the situation where the surface of one end of the right-angle elbow pipe bears pressure in a vertical installation state; the axial thrust generated by the pressure inside the pipeline at the blind end of the right-angle elbow pipe, the plug, the closed valve, and the reducing section; the impact force of the fluid at the elbow, etc.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the practicality of the device and conduct comprehensive quality screening, the present application provides a metal material strength detection device and method. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a metal material strength detection device and method.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a metal material strength detection device, comprising a detection main body, the detection main body comprising a support base and a door frame structure installed on the top wall of the support base, a lower support mechanism is arranged on the support base, a limiting mechanism is arranged on the lower support mechanism, the straight-angle elbow pipe to be detected is supported by the lower support mechanism and the limiting mechanism, and a pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the door frame structure; the limiting mechanism comprises a front limiting assembly arranged on the lower support mechanism and a rear movable plate, left and right limiting assemblies are arranged on the rear movable plate, and the detection posture of the straight-angle elbow pipe to be detected is changed by the left and right limiting assemblies.

[0007] When the right-angle elbow to be detected is in a horizontal installation state, the upper support of the simulation pipeline is improper or fails, and the right-angle elbow as a whole bears pressure; when the right-angle elbow to be detected is in a vertical installation state in the shape of inverted L, the upper support of the simulation pipeline is improper or fails, and one end surface of the right-angle elbow bears pressure; when the right-angle elbow to be detected is in a vertical installation state in the shape of L, the axial thrust generated by fluid pressure at the blind end, plug, closed valve and reducing part inside the right-angle elbow and the thrust generated by fluid on the elbow are simulated respectively.

[0008] In the metal material strength detection device, the pressure applying mechanism includes an upper support plate, and the upper support plate is slidably connected to the vertical part of the gate-shaped frame structure through a hydraulic driving mechanism; the bottom wall of the upper support plate is slidably connected to the mounting seat through an electric sliding block; and the bottom wall of the mounting seat is detachably connected to the upper pressure head.

[0009] In the metal material strength detection device, the lower support mechanism includes a lower support plate, and the lower support plate is fixedly connected to the top wall of the support base; the top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with a plurality of slide rail groups; and each slide rail group includes two slide rails symmetrically distributed left and right.

[0010] In the metal material strength detection device, the top wall of the lower support plate is provided with a movable groove one in the front middle part, and the movable groove one is in the shape of a Chinese character 'Kou'; the movable groove one is slidably connected to a lower limiting piece through an electric sliding block; and the lower limiting piece includes a horizontal base slidably connected to the movable groove one and limiting lugs fixedly connected to the top wall of the horizontal base in front and back symmetry.

[0011] In the metal material strength detection device, the front limiting assembly includes a front movable plate, and the front movable plate is slidably connected to the front slide rail group through an electric sliding block; the left side wall of the front movable plate is provided with a left clamping groove; and the right side wall of the front movable plate is provided with a right clamping groove.

[0012] In the metal material strength detection device, the rear slide rail group is slidably connected to a rear movable plate through an electric sliding block; and the rear movable plate is distributed in front and back correspondence with the front limiting assembly.

[0013] In the metal material strength detection device, the left limiting assembly includes a left fixed block, and the left fixed block is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the front side wall of the rear movable plate; the left fixed block is matched with the left clamping groove; the right side wall of the left fixed block is provided with a movable groove two; and the movable groove two is slidably connected to a left limiting piece through an electric sliding block.

[0014] In the metal material strength detection device, the right limiting component comprises a right fixed block fixedly connected to the right part of the front side wall of the rear movable plate, the right fixed block is matched with the right clamping groove, the left side wall and the bottom wall of the right fixed block are respectively provided with movable slot three and movable slot four, and the movable slot three is slidably connected with the corresponding right limiting piece through the electric sliding block, and the movable slot four is slidably connected with the corresponding upper limiting piece through the electric sliding block.

[0015] In the metal material strength detection device, the side of the two limiting protrusions close to each other, the side of the left limiting piece and the right limiting piece close to each other, and the bottom wall of the upper limiting piece are arc-shaped and matched with the bottom wall of the pipe to be detected.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the present application further provides a working method of a metal material strength detection device, which is completed by using the above-mentioned metal material strength detection device equipment, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, preparation: randomly selecting a representative standard elbow pipe sample from the same batch and the same specification of production qualified pipe.

[0017] S2, installation: supporting and centering the pipe to be detected through the lower supporting mechanism, and limiting through the limiting mechanism.

[0018] S3, detection: driving the pressing mechanism to move downward to approach the pipe to be detected through the hydraulic driving mechanism, until the specified pressure is applied to the pipe to be detected.

[0019] S4, observation and recording: observing the surface of the elbow pipe during and after the pressing process, and when there are cracks, fractures, peeling, and crushing deformation, it is unqualified, and when there are no cracks, fractures, peeling, and crushing deformation, it is qualified.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: the device supports the pipe to be detected through the lower supporting mechanism and the limiting mechanism, and can flexibly limit and clamp the posture of the elbow pipe (horizontal, inverted L-shaped vertical, and L-shaped vertical), integrates various detection functions (overall pressure bearing, local surface pressure bearing, end surface pressure bearing, and internal thrust bearing), significantly improves the detection efficiency and space utilization of the equipment, avoids the need to purchase multiple special equipment for different detection, saves production cost; for the use process of the standard elbow pipe, the four environmental conditions of overall external pressure bearing, local surface pressure bearing, end surface pressure bearing, and internal radial thrust bearing are simulated, the scheme surpasses the simple crushing detection, the simulated working condition is more comprehensive and more suitable for the actual use of the standard elbow pipe after installation, so that more comprehensive quality screening is performed, and the defects of the standard elbow pipe are exposed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the whole when detecting the overall pressure.

[0023] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the lower support mechanism.

[0024] Figure 3 The partial sectional view of the left limiting member and the right limiting assembly.

[0025] Figure 4 The partial sectional right view of the lower support plate.

[0026] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the whole when detecting the overall pressure.

[0027] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the whole when detecting the local surface pressure.

[0028] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the left limiting member and the right fixed block clamping the detected right-angle elbow pipe when detecting the local surface pressure.

[0029] Figure 8 The top view of the left limiting member and the right fixed block clamping the detected right-angle elbow pipe when detecting the local surface pressure.

[0030] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the whole when detecting the end surface pressure.

[0031] Figure 10 The structure diagram of the lower limiting member and the upper limiting member clamping the detected right-angle elbow pipe when detecting the end surface pressure.

[0032] Figure 11 The right view of the lower limiting member and the upper limiting member clamping the detected right-angle elbow pipe when detecting the end surface pressure.

[0033] Figure 12 The structure diagram of the whole when detecting the internal thrust.

[0034] Figure 13 The sectional view of the detected right-angle elbow pipe when detecting the internal thrust.

[0035] In the figure: 1, detection main body; 2, pressure applying mechanism; 21, upper support plate; 22, mounting seat; 23, upper pressure head; 3, lower support mechanism; 31, lower support plate; 32, slide rail group; 33, movable slot one; 34, lower limiting piece; 4, limiting mechanism; 41, front limiting assembly; 411, front movable plate; 412, left clamping groove; 413, right clamping groove; 42, rear movable plate; 43, left limiting assembly; 431, left fixed block; 432, movable slot two; 433, left limiting piece; 44, right limiting assembly; 441, right fixed block; 442, movable slot three; 443, right limiting piece; 444, movable slot four; 445, upper limiting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 A metal material strength detection device, comprising a detection main body 1, the detection main body 1 comprising a support base and a door frame structure installed on the top wall of the support base, a lower support mechanism 3 is arranged on the support base, a limiting mechanism 4 is arranged on the lower support mechanism 3, and the straight elbow pipe to be detected is supported by the lower support mechanism 3 and the limiting mechanism 4; a pressure applying mechanism 2 is arranged on the door frame structure.

[0038] Referring to Figures 1-2 The limiting mechanism 4 comprises a front limiting assembly 41 and a rear movable plate 42 arranged on the lower support mechanism 3, a left limiting assembly 43 and a right limiting assembly 44 are arranged on the rear movable plate 42, and the detection posture of the straight elbow pipe to be detected is changed by the left limiting assembly 43 and the right limiting assembly 44.

[0039] The straight elbow pipe to be detected is supported by the lower support mechanism 3 and the limiting mechanism 4, the detection posture of the straight elbow pipe to be detected is changed by the left limiting assembly 43 and the right limiting assembly 44, and multiple detection functions of overall pressure bearing detection, local surface pressure bearing detection, end surface pressure bearing detection and internal thrust detection are integrated; when the straight elbow pipe to be detected is in a horizontal installation state, the situation that the straight elbow pipe bears pressure as a whole due to improper or failure of support above the pipeline is simulated; when the straight elbow pipe to be detected is in an inverted L-shaped vertical installation state, the situation that the surface of one end of the straight elbow pipe bears pressure due to improper or failure of support above the pipeline is simulated; when the straight elbow pipe to be detected is in an L-shaped vertical installation state, the situations that the fluid pressure inside the straight elbow pipe generates axial thrust at the blind end, the plug, the closed valve and the reducing place and the situation that the fluid generates thrust on the elbow are simulated respectively.

[0040] With reference to Figure 1 , the pressing mechanism 2 comprises an upper supporting plate 21, the upper supporting plate 21 is slidably connected to the vertical part of the door frame structure through a hydraulic driving mechanism (not shown in the figure, the mature mechanism is not described here, the hydraulic driving mechanism drives the movement of the oil cylinder piston by the hydraulic oil pump to apply pressure), the bottom wall of the upper supporting plate 21 is slidably connected to the left and right through an electric sliding block, and the mounting seat 22 is detachably installed on the bottom wall of the mounting seat 22. The bottom wall of the mounting seat 22 is detachably installed with the upper pressing head 23.

[0041] With reference to Figures 1-4 , the lower supporting mechanism 3 comprises a lower supporting plate 31, and the top wall of the supporting base is fixedly connected with the lower supporting plate 31, the lower supporting plate 31 is symmetrically provided with a slide rail group 32 on the top wall, and the slide rail group 32 comprises two slide rails which are symmetrically distributed; the top wall of the lower supporting plate 31 is provided with a movable groove one 33 in the front middle part, the movable groove one 33 is in the shape of a concave character, and the movable groove one 33 is slidably connected with a lower limiting piece 34 through an electric sliding block; the lower limiting piece 34 comprises a horizontal base slidably connected to the movable groove one 33 and a limiting protrusion symmetrically fixedly connected to the top wall of the horizontal base.

[0042] With reference to Figures 1-3 , the front limiting assembly 41 comprises a front movable plate 411, and the front movable plate 411 is slidably connected to the front slide rail group 32 through an electric sliding block; the left side wall of the rear side of the front movable plate 411 is provided with a left clamping groove 412, and the right side wall of the rear side of the front movable plate 411 is provided with a right clamping groove 413; the rear slide rail group 32 is slidably connected to the rear movable plate 42 through an electric sliding block, and the rear movable plate 42 is distributed in front of and behind the front movable plate 411.

[0043] With reference to Figures 1-3 , the left limiting assembly 43 comprises a left fixed block 431, and the left fixed block 431 is fixedly connected to the left side of the front side wall of the rear movable plate 42; the left fixed block 431 is matched with the left clamping groove 412, the right side wall of the left fixed block 431 is provided with a movable groove two 432, and the left limiting piece 433 is slidably connected to the movable groove two 432 through an electric sliding block.

[0044] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 10The right limiting assembly 44 comprises a right fixed block 441 fixedly connected to the right part of the front side wall of the rear movable plate 42, the right fixed block 441 is matched with the right clamping groove 413, the left side wall and the bottom wall of the right fixed block 441 are respectively provided with a movable slot three 442 and a movable slot four 444, the movable slot three 442 is slidably connected with a right limiting piece 443 corresponding to the left limiting piece 433 through an electric sliding block, and the movable slot four 444 is slidably connected with an upper limiting piece 445 corresponding to the lower limiting piece 34 through an electric sliding block; the side of the two limiting protrusions close to each other, the side of the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 close to each other, and the bottom wall of the upper limiting piece 445 are all arc-shaped and matched with the bottom wall of the pipe to be detected.

[0045] The right angle elbow pipe to be detected is placed in the center by the lower supporting mechanism 3 and limited by the limiting mechanism 4; during detection, the pressing mechanism 2 is driven by the hydraulic driving mechanism to move downward and approach the right angle elbow pipe to be detected until a specified pressure is applied to the right angle elbow pipe to be detected; after the pressing is completed, it is observed whether the surface of the right angle elbow pipe has cracks, fractures, peeling, crushing deformation or not, if yes, it is unqualified, and if not, it is qualified.

[0046] The simulation experiments are respectively carried out for the four environmental conditions of the overall external pressure bearing, the local surface pressure bearing, the end surface pressure bearing and the internal radial thrust bearing in the use process of the standard right angle elbow pipe, the scheme surpasses the simple "crushing" detection, the simulation working condition is more comprehensive and more close to the actual use condition of the installed standard right angle elbow pipe, so that more comprehensive quality screening is carried out and the defects of the standard right angle elbow pipe are exposed.

[0047] When the simulation experiment is carried out for the overall external pressure bearing condition, the right angle elbow pipe to be detected is placed horizontally on the top wall of the lower supporting plate 31 (as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the bottom wall of the right angle elbow pipe to be detected does not overlap with the movable slot one 33 and does not contact with the top wall of the lower limiting piece 34, so that the right angle elbow pipe to be detected is completely supported by the lower supporting plate 31.

[0048] When the simulation experiment is carried out for the local surface pressure bearing condition, the right angle elbow pipe to be detected is placed in an inverted L shape (as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the bottom wall of the end of the vertical section of the elbow to be detected is supported by the lower support plate 31, and the rear movable plate 42 and the front movable plate 411 are moved close to each other by the electric slide block until the left fixed block 431 is engaged into the left engagement groove 412 and the right fixed block 441 is engaged into the right engagement groove 413. The electric slide block drives the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 to slide close to each other, and the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 limit and clamp the vertical section of the elbow to be detected from the left and right sides. The elbow to be detected is supported by the right fixed block 441, ensuring the stability and vertical state of the inverted L-shaped placement of the elbow to be detected.

[0049] In the simulation experiment for the case of the end surface bearing pressure and the case of the internal bearing radial thrust, the elbow to be detected is placed in an L shape (as shown in FIGS. 1-3) before detection, and the rear movable plate 42 and the front movable plate 411 are moved close to each other by the electric slide block until the left fixed block 431 is engaged into the left engagement groove 412 and the right fixed block 441 is engaged into the right engagement groove 413. The electric slide block drives the lower limiting piece 34 and the upper limiting piece 445 to slide close to each other, and the horizontal section of the elbow to be detected is supported by the lower support plate 31, and the lower limiting piece 34 and the upper limiting piece 445 limit and clamp the horizontal section of the elbow to be detected from the top and bottom. At the same time, the electric slide block drives the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 to slide close to each other, and the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 limit and clamp the vertical section of the elbow to be detected from the left and right sides, ensuring the stability and vertical state of the L-shaped placement of the elbow to be detected. Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 The rear movable plate 42 and the front movable plate 411 are moved close to each other by the electric slide block until the left fixed block 431 is engaged into the left engagement groove 412 and the right fixed block 441 is engaged into the right engagement groove 413. The electric slide block drives the lower limiting piece 34 and the upper limiting piece 445 to slide close to each other, and the horizontal section of the elbow to be detected is supported by the lower support plate 31, and the lower limiting piece 34 and the upper limiting piece 445 limit and clamp the horizontal section of the elbow to be detected from the top and bottom. At the same time, the electric slide block drives the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 to slide close to each other, and the left limiting piece 433 and the right limiting piece 443 limit and clamp the vertical section of the elbow to be detected from the left and right sides, ensuring the stability and vertical state of the L-shaped placement of the elbow to be detected.

[0050] During detection, the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the upper support plate 21 to slide downward, and the mounting seat 22 and the upper pressure head 23 are synchronously displaced downward to approach the elbow to be detected.

[0051] It should be noted that the upper pressure head 23 is detachable and replaceable mounted on the mounting seat 22, and the mounting seat 22 is driven by the electric slide block to slide left and right on the bottom wall of the upper support plate 21 to adapt to different detection conditions, and the upper pressure head 23 adapts to different detection conditions.

[0052] When the whole external part bears pressure, the elbow to be detected is horizontally placed below, at this time the upper pressure head 23 is disc-shaped, and the upper pressure head 23 is pressed down to the top wall of the whole external part of the elbow to be detected, simulating the case that the upper support of the pipeline is improper or fails, causing the whole elbow to bear pressure in the horizontal installation state.

[0053] When the local surface bears pressure, the lower part is a to-be-detected elbow pipe vertically placed in an inverted L shape, at this time, the upper pressing head 23 is disc-shaped, and the upper pressing head 23 is pressed downward to the top wall outside the horizontal end of the to-be-detected elbow pipe, simulating the case that the straight elbow pipe bears pressure on one end surface in the vertically installed state in an inverted L shape due to improper or ineffective support on the upper part of the pipeline.

[0054] When the end surface bears pressure, the lower part is a to-be-detected elbow pipe vertically placed in an L shape, at this time, the upper pressing head 23 is disc-shaped, and the upper pressing head 23 is pressed downward to the top wall of the end of the to-be-detected elbow pipe, simulating the case that the fluid pressure in the elbow pipe generates axial thrust at the blind end, plug, closed valve or reducing part of the pipeline.

[0055] When the internal part bears radial thrust, the lower part is a to-be-detected elbow pipe vertically placed in an L shape, at this time, the upper pressing head 23 is composed of a circular rod part and a circular ball part (as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 ), the circular ball part of the upper pressing head 23 is pressed downward into the inside of the to-be-detected elbow pipe to the elbow of the to-be-detected elbow pipe, simulating the case that the fluid changes direction at the elbow and generates centrifugal force to push the elbow straight.

[0056] The device integrates multiple detection functions (overall pressure bearing, local surface pressure bearing, end surface pressure bearing and internal thrust) by changing the posture of the elbow pipe, significantly improves the detection efficiency and space utilization of the equipment, and avoids the purchase of multiple special equipment for different detections.

[0057] In addition, the application also provides a working method of the metal material strength detection device, which is completed by cooperating with the above metal material strength detection device, and specifically includes the following steps: S1, preparation: randomly selecting a representative standard elbow pipe sample from the same batch and the same specification of production qualified pipe fittings.

[0058] S2, installation: supporting and centering the to-be-detected elbow pipe through the lower supporting mechanism 3 and limiting through the limiting mechanism 4.

[0059] S3, detection: driving the pressing mechanism 2 to move downward and approach the to-be-detected elbow pipe through the hydraulic driving mechanism until the to-be-detected elbow pipe is subjected to a specified pressure.

[0060] S4, observation and recording: observing whether the surface of the elbow pipe has cracks, fractures, peeling and crushing deformation during and after the pressing process, and if there is, it is unqualified, and if not, it is qualified.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0062] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "one", "two" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", "one", "two" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0063] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not limited to the protection scope of the present application, therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A metal material strength detection device comprising a detection main body, characterized by, The detection main body comprises a support base, a door type frame structure installed on a top wall of the support base, a lower support mechanism arranged on the support base, a limiting mechanism arranged on the lower support mechanism, and a pressure applying mechanism arranged on the door type frame structure. The limiting mechanism comprises a front limiting assembly arranged on the lower support mechanism and a rear movable plate, and the rear movable plate is provided with a left limiting assembly and a right limiting assembly. When the to-be-detected straight elbow pipe is in a horizontal installation state, the straight elbow pipe as a whole bears pressure due to improper support or failure of support above the pipe.

2. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 1, wherein When the to-be-detected straight elbow pipe is in an inverted L-shaped vertical installation state, one end surface of the straight elbow pipe bears pressure due to improper support or failure of support above the pipe.

3. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 1, wherein When the to-be-detected straight elbow pipe is in an L-shaped vertical installation state, the straight elbow pipe is respectively simulated to be subjected to axial thrust at a blind end, a plug, a closed valve and a reducing portion, and to be subjected to thrust from fluid at the elbow.

4. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 3, wherein The pressure applying mechanism comprises an upper support plate, and the upper support plate is slidably connected to the vertical portion of the door type frame structure by a hydraulic drive mechanism.

5. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 3, wherein The lower support mechanism comprises a lower support plate, and the lower support plate is fixedly connected to the top wall of the support base.

6. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 3, wherein The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails.

7. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 4, wherein The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails.

8. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 7, wherein The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails. The top wall of the lower support plate is symmetrically provided with two slide rails.

9. The metal material strength detection device according to claim 8, wherein The side, where the two limiting protrusions are close to each other, the side, where the left limiting member and the right limiting member are close to each other, and the bottom wall of the upper limiting member are arc-shaped and matched with the bottom wall of the pipe to be detected.

10. A working method of a metal material strength detection device, which is completed in cooperation with the metal material strength detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation: randomly selecting a representative standard elbow pipe sample from the same batch and the same specification of qualified pipe; S2, installation: supporting and centering the elbow pipe to be detected through the lower supporting mechanism, and limiting through the limiting mechanism; S3, detection: driving the pressing mechanism to move downward to approach the elbow pipe to be detected through the hydraulic driving mechanism until the specified pressure is applied to the elbow pipe to be detected; S4, observation and recording: observing the surface of the elbow pipe during and after the pressing process, and the elbow pipe is unqualified when there are cracks, fractures, peeling, and crushing deformation, and the elbow pipe is qualified when there are no cracks, fractures, peeling, and crushing deformation.

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