Method and system for optimizing carbon emissions during construction of near-zero carbon road in ecologically sensitive areas

Abstract

The present application aims to provide a kind of ecological sensitive area near zero carbon road construction period carbon emission optimization method and system, it is related to carbon emission management technical field.The method includes: according to unit engineering demand, first position, construction position, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required station, third carbon emission factor and clean energy supply information, determine optimization basic carbon emission amount;Get construction measure carbon emission and special carbon emission, and determine total carbon emission, further determine the type of target carbon fixation plant and the planting area of each target carbon fixation plant.According to the present application, the automation degree of calculation can be improved, the calculation efficiency and accuracy can be improved, and various carbon emission projects can be automatically optimized.When there are many carbon emission projects, the optimal scheme can be automatically screened, the carbon emission amount can be reduced, and the planting scheme of carbon fixation plant can be designed to effectively compensate for carbon emission, thereby effectively reducing carbon emission and achieving the goal of near zero carbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission management technology, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, carbon emissions can be calculated during construction, but the calculation process usually requires manual calculation, which has low efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, it is difficult to optimize and manage carbon emissions, especially when there are many carbon emission projects involved. It is difficult to select schemes with low carbon emissions and to effectively compensate for carbon emissions.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section of this application is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this application and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas. It can solve the technical problems of low efficiency and accuracy of manual calculations, difficulty in optimizing and managing carbon emissions, and difficulty in effectively compensating for carbon emissions.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas is provided, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the unit project demand for various engineering materials, as well as the first location of multiple suppliers for each engineering material and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier;

[0007] Obtain the second carbon emission factor for multiple modes of transportation;

[0008] Obtain the number of machine shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, as well as the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery;

[0009] Obtain information on clean energy supply at the construction site;

[0010] Based on the unit project demand, primary location, construction location, primary carbon emission factor, secondary carbon emission factor, required shifts, tertiary carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized basic carbon emission amount is determined.

[0011] Obtain carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions;

[0012] The total carbon emissions are obtained by optimizing the basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions.

[0013] Obtain the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants;

[0014] Based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, the years of inclusion, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon sequestration plants, the types of target carbon sequestration plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon sequestration plant are determined.

[0015] According to the present invention, the optimized basic carbon emissions are determined based on the unit project demand, first location, construction location, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required shifts, third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, including:

[0016] Based on the primary location and the construction location, determine the transportation distance between the construction location and multiple suppliers;

[0017] Based on the transportation distance, unit project demand, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized carbon emission of various engineering materials is determined.

[0018] Determine the optimal carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption based on the required shifts and the third carbon emission factor.

[0019] The optimized basic carbon emissions are determined based on the optimized carbon emissions from materials and the optimized carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption.

[0020] According to the present invention, the optimized carbon emissions of various engineering materials are determined based on the transportation distance, unit project demand, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, including:

[0021] Obtain the quantity and range of various modes of transportation;

[0022] Based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor and second carbon emission factor, determine the optimal supplier selection scheme;

[0023] Based on the supplier optimization selection scheme, the carbon emissions of the optimized materials are determined.

[0024] According to the present invention, based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, number of various types of transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor, and second carbon emission factor, an optimal supplier selection scheme is determined, including:

[0025] Based on clean energy supply information, determine the daily forecast of clean energy power supply;

[0026] Obtain the carbon emission factor of the power grid;

[0027] Based on the daily forecast of clean energy power supply, the carbon emission factor of the power grid, the unit project demand, the number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor and second carbon emission factor, determine the constraints for supplier optimization selection.

[0028] Determine the objective function for supplier optimization selection;

[0029] Based on the supplier optimization selection constraints and the supplier optimization selection objective function, supplier selection schemes for various engineering materials are determined.

[0030] According to the present invention, based on the daily predicted clean energy power supply, the carbon emission factor of the power grid, the unit project demand, the number of various types of transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, a first carbon emission factor, and a second carbon emission factor, the supplier optimization selection constraints are determined, including:

[0031] According to the formula

[0032] ,

[0033] ,

[0034] ,

[0035] ,

[0036] ,

[0037] ,

[0038] ,

[0039] ,

[0040] ,

[0041] Determine the constraints for optimal supplier selection, where M represents the unit project demand for various engineering materials. Let be the supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. Let j be the daily supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. The load capacity of the first type of transportation. For each day, the first mode of transportation is used to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The load capacity of the second type of transportation. For the second mode of transportation, there are the number of trips per day to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The construction time per unit of project volume. The weight of the first type of transportation. The weight of the second type of transportation. As the second carbon emission factor for the first type of transportation, As the second carbon emission factor for the second type of transportation, To calculate the daily carbon emissions from transporting the i-th type of engineering material from the j-th supplier, This refers to the daily carbon emissions during the transportation of various engineering materials. The first carbon emission factor for the j-th supplier producing the ith type of engineering material. Let be the carbon emissions generated during the production process of the i-th type of engineering material transported from the j-th supplier on a single day. This refers to the daily carbon emissions generated during the production process of various engineering materials. Let n be the number of suppliers for the i-th type of engineering material, and n be the number of different types of engineering materials. The number of the first type of transportation. The number of the second type of transportation. Let i be the loading time of the i-th type of engineering material. Let i be the unloading time of the i-th type of engineering material. The estimated charging time for the second mode of transportation after it is transported from the j-th supplier. For daily working hours, For the range of the second mode of transportation, Let be the transportation distance between the construction location and the j-th supplier of the i-th type of engineering material. To predict daily clean energy power supply, Let be the carbon emission factor of the power grid, and max be the function to maximize it. The preset speed for vehicles.

[0042] According to the present invention, determining the objective function for supplier optimization selection includes:

[0043] According to the formula

[0044] ,

[0045] Determine the objective function for supplier optimization selection, where, This is the function to be minimized.

[0046] According to the present invention, based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included in the calculation, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants, the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant are determined, including:

[0047] Obtain the annual carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants during their growth stages;

[0048] Based on the carbon sequestration rate and the number of years to be counted, the selection constraints for carbon-fixing plants are determined;

[0049] The objective function for selecting carbon sequestration plants is determined based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area.

[0050] Based on the constraints and objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area for each type are determined.

[0051] According to the present invention, the selection constraints for carbon sequestration plants are determined based on the carbon sink rate and the accounting years, including:

[0052] According to the formula

[0053] ,

[0054] ,

[0055] Determine the selection constraints for carbon-fixing plants, among which, Let be the carbon sequestration rate of the k-th carbon-fixing plant in the s-th year. Let be the planting area of ​​the kth type of carbon-fixing plant. Let k be the number of years in the counting period for the k-th carbon-fixing plant. The number of species of carbon-fixing plants. To select the upper limit of the type, This is the carbon emission offset value.

[0056] According to the present invention, a target function for selecting carbon sequestration plants is determined based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, including:

[0057] According to the formula

[0058] ,

[0059] ,

[0060] Determine the objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, where, Total carbon emissions The area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area. This is the function to be minimized.

[0061] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a carbon emission optimization system for the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas is provided, comprising:

[0062] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the unit project demand of various engineering materials, the first location of multiple suppliers of each engineering material, and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier;

[0063] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second carbon emission factors of multiple transportation vehicles;

[0064] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the number of shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, as well as the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery.

[0065] The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire clean energy supply information at the construction site;

[0066] The optimized basic carbon emissions module is used to determine the optimized basic carbon emissions based on the unit project demand, first location, construction location, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required shifts, third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information.

[0067] The fifth acquisition module is used to acquire carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions.

[0068] The total carbon emissions module is used to obtain the total carbon emissions based on the optimized basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions.

[0069] The sixth acquisition module is used to acquire the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants;

[0070] The planting module is used to determine the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years to be included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants.

[0071] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0072] According to the present invention, carbon emissions can be automatically calculated based on parameters such as the unit project demand of engineering materials, the unit project required shifts of engineering machinery, and various carbon emission factors, thereby improving the automation level of calculation, increasing calculation efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, it can automatically optimize multiple carbon emission items, and when there are many carbon emission items, it can automatically select the optimal solution to reduce carbon emissions. It can also design planting schemes for carbon-fixing plants to effectively compensate for carbon emissions, thereby effectively reducing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon target. When determining supplier selection options, supplier optimization constraints and objective functions can be set by combining the primary carbon emission factors of each supplier's production materials with the carbon emissions from transportation to each supplier. Clean energy can be used to offset some carbon emissions during the setting process. Furthermore, transportation selection conditions can be set based on transportation efficiency, and vehicle frequency constraints can be set based on the overlap between charging and unloading times of electric vehicles. By comprehensively considering clean energy, charging time, carbon emissions from the production of engineering materials, and carbon emissions from transportation, a supplier optimization objective function that minimizes carbon emissions can be obtained. This improves the accuracy and scientific rigor of supplier selection, reduces carbon emissions, and enhances carbon emission management efficiency. When determining the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each type, carbon-fixing plant selection constraints can be set based on the carbon sequestration rates of various carbon-fixing plants in multiple years and the restrictions on the types of carbon-fixing plants. When setting the objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, the carbon emission offset value caused by carbon-fixing plants should be as close as possible to the total carbon emissions, thereby minimizing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon emission target. Furthermore, the planting area should be filled with carbon-fixing plants as much as possible to avoid vacancy and waste, thus achieving efficient utilization of the carbon-fixing plant planting area.

[0073] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Other features and aspects of the invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0074] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0075] Figure 1 An exemplary flowchart illustrates a method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 2A block diagram of a near-zero carbon highway construction carbon emission optimization system in ecologically sensitive areas according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0079] Figure 1 An exemplary flowchart illustrates a method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

[0080] Step S1: Obtain the unit project demand for various engineering materials, the first location of multiple suppliers for each engineering material, and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier;

[0081] Step S2: Obtain the second carbon emission factor for multiple modes of transportation;

[0082] Step S3: Obtain the number of shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, and the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery.

[0083] Step S4: Obtain clean energy supply information at the construction site;

[0084] Step S5: Determine the optimized basic carbon emissions based on the unit project demand, first location, construction location, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required shifts, third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information.

[0085] Step S6: Obtain the carbon emissions of construction measures and specific carbon emissions;

[0086] Step S7: Obtain the total carbon emissions based on the optimized basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions.

[0087] Step S8: Obtain the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants.

[0088] Step S9: Based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon sequestration plants, determine the types of target carbon sequestration plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon sequestration plant.

[0089] The carbon emission optimization method for near-zero carbon highway construction in ecologically sensitive areas according to embodiments of the present invention can automatically calculate carbon emissions based on parameters such as the unit project demand of engineering materials, the unit project required shifts of engineering machinery, and various carbon emission factors, thereby improving the automation level of calculation, increasing calculation efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, it can automatically optimize multiple carbon emission items, and when there are many carbon emission items, it can automatically select the optimal solution to reduce carbon emissions. It can also design planting schemes for carbon sequestration plants to effectively compensate for carbon emissions, thereby effectively reducing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon target.

[0090] According to one embodiment of the present invention, information such as the unit project demand and the number of machine shifts required for the unit project can be obtained based on cost documents and imported into a carbon emission calculation system. The main calculation method includes the following formula: Total carbon emissions = Basic carbon emissions + Construction measure carbon emissions + Special carbon emissions, where, Basic carbon emissions = Unit project carbon emissions + Machinery energy consumption carbon emissions, and Unit project carbon emissions = Material factory production process carbon emissions + Material off-site transportation process carbon emissions + Machinery energy consumption carbon emissions. Specifically, Material factory production process carbon emissions = Unit project demand × Carbon emission factor of the production process. Different material suppliers result in different carbon emission factors in the material production process, and different supplier locations also affect the carbon emissions during off-site transportation. Therefore, supplier selection can be optimized to reduce carbon emissions. Machinery energy consumption carbon emissions = Machine shifts used × Energy consumption per shift × Corresponding carbon emission factor. Therefore, using clean energy to supplement the energy used by machinery can also reduce carbon emissions.

[0091] According to one embodiment of the present invention, for situations involving a large number of projects, a carbon emission calculation system for highway construction can be used to summarize the carbon emission calculation data of multiple projects. This system is capable of summarizing and processing (e.g., calculating, saving, classifying, etc.) cost documents and carbon emission documents for multiple projects. It can receive multiple files and display them when a user selects one or more files, and can perform carbon emission optimization processing for each project. For example, it can perform correlation calculations on labor, material, and machinery costs in cost documents, and can also summarize and compile items that generate carbon emissions, thereby calculating and optimizing carbon emissions management. For instance, it can calculate carbon emissions based on carbon emission factors in the production process of engineering materials provided by different suppliers, as well as transportation plans, and can optimize supplier selection and transportation methods, thereby statistically analyzing carbon emissions. It can also correlate, calculate, and optimize information such as the selection of machinery and equipment, energy consumption, and the corresponding carbon emission factors, thereby statistically analyzing carbon emissions.

[0092] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the unit engineering demand of various engineering materials can be obtained. For example, in the process of highway construction, the amount of engineering materials required to construct one kilometer of highway can be obtained. For example, the amount of engineering materials such as cement, asphalt, earthwork, and stonework. Furthermore, the first carbon emission factor of the production process of each engineering material provided by multiple suppliers, as well as the location of each supplier, can be obtained, thereby optimizing carbon emissions based on the production and transportation processes of the engineering materials.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the second carbon emission factors of each mode of transport may also be different. For example, the carbon emission factors of electric vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles are different. Therefore, the second carbon emission factors of multiple modes of transport can be obtained, so that the carbon emissions of the modes of transport can be calculated during the optimization process.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the required shifts of various construction machinery for a unit project can be obtained based on the aforementioned cost documents and other documents. That is, data such as the types, quantities, and shifts of construction machinery required to complete a unit project can be obtained. The third carbon emission factor of each type of construction machinery can also be determined, thereby determining the energy consumption of the construction machinery during the construction process.

[0095] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the clean energy supply information may include information such as the type of clean energy and the amount of energy stored, so as to provide power to electric vehicles during construction.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the supplier selection scheme can be optimized based on the above information, thereby optimizing the carbon emissions and determining the optimized basic carbon emissions.

[0097] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the optimized basic carbon emissions based on unit project demand, a first location, a construction location, a first carbon emission factor, a second carbon emission factor, required shifts, a third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information includes: determining the transportation distance between the construction location and multiple suppliers based on the first location and the construction location; determining the optimized material carbon emissions of various engineering materials based on the transportation distance, unit project demand, the first carbon emission factor, the second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information; determining the optimized mechanical energy consumption carbon emissions based on the required shifts and the third carbon emission factor; and determining the optimized basic carbon emissions based on the optimized material carbon emissions and the optimized mechanical energy consumption carbon emissions.

[0098] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first location of each supplier and the construction location is the transportation distance. The transportation distance will affect the carbon emissions of the vehicles used in the material transportation process. For example, for electric vehicles, the distance of transportation will affect the power consumption of electric vehicles, thereby affecting carbon emissions. For internal combustion engine vehicles, the distance of transportation will affect the fuel consumption of internal combustion engine vehicles, thereby affecting carbon emissions.

[0099] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the production processes of different suppliers may vary, resulting in differences in the carbon emissions generated per unit weight of engineering materials produced. Therefore, the primary carbon emission factors of the suppliers may differ. Consequently, both the primary carbon emission factors of the suppliers and the transportation distance can affect the carbon emissions, and the selection scheme can be optimized to reduce the carbon emissions of the engineering process.

[0100] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optimized carbon emission of various engineering materials is determined based on the transportation distance, unit project demand, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information. This includes: obtaining the quantity and range of various types of transportation vehicles; determining an optimized supplier selection scheme based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, quantity of various types of transportation vehicles, range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor, and second carbon emission factor; and determining the optimized carbon emission of engineering materials based on the optimized supplier selection scheme.

[0101] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the quantity and range of various types of vehicles may affect the selection of suppliers. For example, electric vehicles typically have a shorter range and longer refueling time, but their second carbon emission factor is usually lower. Internal combustion engine vehicles typically have a longer range and shorter refueling time, but their second carbon emission factor is usually higher. Therefore, if the distance between the supplier and the construction site is short, electric vehicles are preferred as the means of transporting engineering materials to improve transportation and construction efficiency. If the distance between the supplier and the construction site is long, exceeding the range of electric vehicles, the longer refueling time may significantly affect transportation efficiency, and internal combustion engine vehicles may be preferred.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining an optimal supplier selection scheme based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, number of various types of transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, a first carbon emission factor, and a second carbon emission factor includes: determining the daily predicted clean energy power supply based on clean energy supply information; obtaining the carbon emission factor of the power grid; determining supplier optimization selection constraints based on the daily predicted clean energy power supply, the power grid carbon emission factor, unit project demand, number of various types of transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, a first carbon emission factor, and a second carbon emission factor; determining the supplier optimization selection objective function; and determining supplier selection schemes for various engineering materials based on the supplier optimization selection constraints and the supplier optimization selection objective function.

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the clean energy supply information may include the type of clean energy (e.g., photovoltaic, wind power, hydropower, etc.) and the amount of clean energy supplied. If the supply is unstable, the clean energy supply on multiple days can be counted and averaged to serve as the daily predicted clean energy supply.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon emission factor of the power grid can be the carbon emission per unit of electricity supplied by the grid, for example, the carbon emission generated per kilowatt-hour of electricity. Replacing grid-connected power with clean energy can reduce carbon emissions.

[0105] According to one embodiment of the present invention, supplier optimization selection constraints are determined based on the daily predicted clean energy power supply, the carbon emission factor of the power grid, the unit project demand, the number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor, and second carbon emission factor. This includes determining the supplier optimization selection constraints according to formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9).

[0106] (1),

[0107] (2),

[0108] (3),

[0109] (4),

[0110] (5),

[0111] (6),

[0112] (7),

[0113] (8),

[0114] (9),

[0115] Where M represents the unit project demand for various engineering materials. Let be the supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. Let j be the daily supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. The load capacity of the first type of transportation. For each day, the first mode of transportation is used to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The load capacity of the second type of transportation. For the second mode of transportation, there are the number of trips per day to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The construction time per unit of project volume. The weight of the first type of transportation. The weight of the second type of transportation. As the second carbon emission factor for the first type of transportation, As the second carbon emission factor for the second type of transportation, To calculate the daily carbon emissions from transporting the i-th type of engineering material from the j-th supplier, This refers to the daily carbon emissions during the transportation of various engineering materials. The first carbon emission factor for the j-th supplier producing the ith type of engineering material. Let be the carbon emissions generated during the production process of the i-th type of engineering material transported from the j-th supplier on a single day. This refers to the daily carbon emissions generated during the production process of various engineering materials. Let n be the number of suppliers for the i-th type of engineering material, and n be the number of different types of engineering materials. The number of the first type of transportation. The number of the second type of transportation. Let i be the loading time of the i-th type of engineering material. The estimated charging time for the second mode of transportation after it is transported from the j-th supplier. For daily working hours, For the range of the second mode of transportation, Let be the transportation distance between the construction location and the j-th supplier of the i-th type of engineering material. To predict daily clean energy power supply, Let be the carbon emission factor of the power grid, and max be the function to maximize it. The preset speed for vehicles.

[0116] According to one embodiment of the present invention, formula (1) indicates that the sum of the supply quantities of multiple suppliers capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material is equal to the unit engineering demand of the i-th type of engineering material. If the j-th supplier is selected, then... ,otherwise, Formula (2) indicates that the daily supply of each supplier is equal to the ratio of the supplier's supply quantity to the construction duration (i.e., the number of days). In Formula (3), This represents the total weight of engineering materials transported by the first mode of transportation from the j-th supplier on a single day. Let represent the total weight of engineering materials transported by the second mode of transportation from the j-th supplier on a single day. The sum of these two values ​​represents the daily supply from the j-th supplier.

[0117] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (4), The second carbon emission factor for the first type of transportation (e.g., internal combustion engine vehicles) represents the carbon emissions per unit weight per unit distance generated by the first type of transportation. Each trip of the first type of transportation transporting engineering materials includes the journey empty to the supplier's location and the journey fully loaded back to the construction site. The carbon emissions for the journey empty to the supplier's location are... The carbon emissions during the journey back to the construction site fully loaded are Therefore, the carbon emissions per trip for transporting engineering materials using the first type of transportation are... The number of trips per day for the first mode of transportation to the j-th supplier is Therefore, the daily carbon emissions of the first mode of transportation to the j-th supplier are Similarly, the daily carbon emissions for the second mode of transportation to the j-th supplier are... Therefore, in In the scenario where electric vehicles can be fully charged at the construction site, load construction materials from the supplier, and return without needing to recharge en route, then either the first or second mode of transportation can be used. and All of them can be non-zero, but if If the electric vehicle's range is insufficient for the round trip, it will need to be recharged en route, which reduces transportation efficiency. Therefore, in this situation, the first type of transportation should be used, i.e., In formula (6), To account for the total carbon emissions from transporting various engineering materials from different suppliers, and further, to ensure that all predicted daily clean energy power is supplied to electric vehicles, the carbon emissions that could be offset would be... Therefore, the daily carbon emissions from the transportation of various engineering materials are the difference between the two.

[0118] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (5), The first carbon emission factor for the j-th supplier producing the i-th type of engineering material is the carbon emission generated by the j-th supplier producing one unit weight of the i-th type of engineering material. Therefore... This equals the carbon emissions generated during the production process of the i-th type of engineering material transported from the j-th supplier on a single day. In formula (7), This represents the carbon emissions generated during the production process of various engineering materials transported from different suppliers on a single day. .

[0119] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (8), The time spent during transportation. This refers to the time required to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier and unload it at the construction site. Therefore, Let $\frac{1}{2}$ be the number of times a single mode of transport (type 1) transports type $i$ of engineering materials to the $j$-th supplier per day. The maximum number of times per day that the first mode of transportation can transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier is greater than or equal to [the maximum number of times per day]. In formula (9), if the second mode of transportation is used, the unloading time can coincide with the time for energy replenishment at the construction site. Therefore, the maximum value of the two can be taken. The duration of time the materials, transported from the j-th supplier using the second mode of transportation, remain at the construction site. Therefore... This can represent the time required for the second mode of transportation to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier, unload it at the construction site, and complete the refueling. Let $\frac{2}{2}$ be the number of times a single mode of transportation (type 2) transports type $i$ of engineering materials to the $j$-th supplier per day. The maximum number of times per day that the second mode of transportation can transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier is greater than or equal to [the specified number]. .

[0120] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the objective function for supplier optimization selection includes: determining the objective function for supplier optimization selection according to formula (10).

[0121] (10)

[0122] in, This is the function to be minimized.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, formula (10) can be expressed as minimizing the sum of the daily carbon emissions of the transportation process of multiple engineering materials and the daily carbon emissions generated by the production process of multiple engineering materials, thereby minimizing the carbon emissions per unit of engineering.

[0124] According to one embodiment of the present invention, based on the aforementioned supplier optimization selection constraints and supplier optimization selection objective function, a supplier selection scheme that minimizes carbon emissions can be determined, i.e., the purchase quantity of various engineering materials from each supplier. In the example, optimization models such as genetic algorithms and nonlinear programming models can be used to perform calculations according to the aforementioned supplier optimization selection constraints and supplier optimization selection objective function to obtain the optimal solution for the purchase quantity of various engineering materials from each supplier (i.e., the supply quantity of each material from each supplier). The optimal solution, that is, the solution that minimizes carbon emissions, serves as a supplier selection option for various engineering materials.

[0125] In this way, supplier optimization selection constraints and objective functions can be set by combining the first carbon emission factor of each supplier's production of engineering materials with the carbon emission of transportation to each supplier. During the setting process, clean energy is used to compensate for part of the carbon emissions. Transportation selection conditions can also be set based on transportation efficiency, and vehicle constraints can be set based on the overlap of charging and unloading time of electric vehicles. Thus, by comprehensively considering clean energy, charging time, carbon emissions from the production process of engineering materials, and carbon emissions from the transportation process, a supplier optimization selection objective function that minimizes carbon emissions can be obtained, improving the accuracy and scientific nature of supplier selection, reducing carbon emissions, and improving carbon emission management efficiency.

[0126] According to one embodiment of the present invention, based on the supplier optimization selection scheme determined above, the amount of materials to be purchased from each supplier can be determined, and the number of transport trips of various means of transportation can be determined, thereby determining the carbon emissions of the material factory production process and the carbon emissions of the material off-site transportation process for each engineering material. Then, by summing them, the optimized carbon emissions of multiple engineering materials can be obtained. Furthermore, by summing the carbon emissions of multiple engineering materials, the optimized carbon emissions of all materials within a unit project quantity can be obtained.

[0127] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the third carbon emission factor is the carbon emission of construction machinery per unit shift. Therefore, the product of the required number of shifts for each type of construction machinery and the corresponding third carbon emission factor is the carbon emission of each type of construction machinery per unit of work volume. Furthermore, by summing the carbon emissions of each type of construction machinery per unit of work volume, the optimized machinery energy consumption carbon emission can be obtained. By summing the optimized material carbon emissions of all materials within the unit of work volume and the optimized machinery energy consumption carbon emissions, the optimized basic carbon emission can be obtained.

[0128] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions can be obtained. Carbon emissions from construction measures refer to the carbon emissions generated by the resources and energy consumed in the temporary measures and schemes necessary to complete construction, such as carbon emissions from completing temporary facilities, foundation pit support, dewatering measures, and temporary reinforcement measures. Specific carbon emissions are carbon emissions not included in the basic carbon emissions and carbon emissions from construction measures, such as carbon emissions generated during the demolition of old buildings and transportation of construction waste, and carbon emissions generated during land hardening processes. Carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions can be obtained based on specific statistics.

[0129] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, the above optimized basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions and special carbon emissions are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions.

[0130] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S8, even after optimization, the total carbon emissions are reduced compared to the unoptimized state, but the amount is still relatively large. Therefore, carbon emissions can be reduced through compensatory measures, such as planting carbon-fixing plants. The area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate (i.e., the amount of carbon sequestration per unit area per unit time) of various carbon-fixing plants can be obtained.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S9, a selection strategy for carbon-fixing plants can be determined based on the above information, namely, the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant.

[0132] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the counting period, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants includes: obtaining the annual carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants during their growth stages; determining carbon-fixing plant selection constraints based on the carbon sequestration rate and the counting period; determining a carbon-fixing plant selection objective function based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area; and determining the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant based on the carbon-fixing plant selection constraints and the carbon-fixing plant selection objective function.

[0133] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon sequestration rate of carbon-fixing plants varies at different stages of their growth. For example, the carbon sequestration rate of carbon-fixing plants is low in their juvenile stage, followed by accelerated and decelerated growth processes, eventually stabilizing. Therefore, the carbon sequestration rate may vary, and different species of carbon-fixing plants may also have different carbon sequestration rates. Thus, the annual carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants during their growth stages can be obtained based on historical data.

[0134] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the selection constraints for carbon sequestration plants based on the carbon sink rate and the inclusion period includes: determining the selection constraints for carbon sequestration plants according to formulas (11) and (12).

[0135] (11),

[0136] (12)

[0137] in, Let be the carbon sequestration rate of the k-th carbon-fixing plant in the s-th year. Let be the planting area of ​​the kth type of carbon-fixing plant. Let k be the number of years in the counting period for the k-th carbon-fixing plant. The number of species of carbon-fixing plants. To select the upper limit of the type, This is the carbon emission offset value.

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in formula (11), This represents the amount of carbon sequestration per unit area of ​​the k-th carbon-fixing plant during its accounting period. This represents the total carbon sequestration of the k-th carbon-fixing plant. This represents the total carbon sequestration of at least one selected carbon-fixing plant. In formula (12), This means that if the planting area of ​​the k-th carbon-fixing plant is greater than 0, then the k-th carbon-fixing plant is selected; if the planting area of ​​the k-th carbon-fixing plant is equal to 0, then the k-th carbon-fixing plant is not selected. Therefore... The formula (12) indicates that the total number of selected carbon-fixing plant species does not exceed the upper limit of the selection type, which facilitates planting. In addition, the types of carbon-fixing plants are usually native plants in the local area of ​​the construction site to avoid introducing new plant species in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a carbon sequestration plant selection objective function is determined based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, including: determining the carbon sequestration plant selection objective function according to formulas (13) and (14).

[0140] (13)

[0141] (14)

[0142] in, Total carbon emissions The area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area. This is the function to be minimized.

[0143] According to one embodiment of the present invention, formula (13) represents minimizing the gap between the total carbon emissions and the carbon emission offset value, that is, enabling the planted carbon-fixing plants to offset the carbon emissions of the construction project as much as possible, and making the carbon emission value as close to 0 as possible. Formula (14) represents minimizing the gap between the actual planting area of ​​carbon-fixing plants and the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, that is, enabling the carbon-fixing plants to fill the carbon-fixing plant planting area as much as possible, and avoiding the carbon-fixing plant planting area being vacant as much as possible.

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after determining the above-mentioned constraints and objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, a genetic algorithm model or a nonlinear programming model can be used to solve for the optimal solution that maximizes the achievement of the objective described by the objective function, i.e., the optimal solution for the types of carbon-fixing plants selected and the optimal planting area for each type of carbon-fixing plant. This optimal solution is then determined as the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area for each type of target carbon-fixing plant.

[0145] In this way, carbon sequestration plant selection constraints can be set based on the carbon sequestration rates of various carbon sequestration plants in multiple years and the restrictions on the types of carbon sequestration plants. When setting the objective function for carbon sequestration plant selection, the carbon emission offset value caused by carbon sequestration plants should be as close as possible to the total carbon emissions, thereby minimizing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon emission target. Furthermore, carbon sequestration plants should be planted as saturated as possible in the carbon sequestration plant planting area to avoid vacancy and waste, thus achieving efficient utilization of the carbon sequestration plant planting area.

[0146] The carbon emission optimization method for near-zero carbon highway construction in ecologically sensitive areas according to embodiments of the present invention can automatically calculate carbon emissions based on parameters such as the unit project demand of engineering materials, the unit project required shifts of engineering machinery, and various carbon emission factors, thereby improving the automation level of calculation, increasing calculation efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, it can automatically optimize multiple carbon emission items, and when there are many carbon emission items, it can automatically select the optimal solution to reduce carbon emissions. It can also design planting schemes for carbon sequestration plants to effectively compensate for carbon emissions, thereby effectively reducing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon target. When determining supplier selection options, supplier optimization constraints and objective functions can be set by combining the primary carbon emission factors of each supplier's production materials with the carbon emissions from transportation to each supplier. Clean energy can be used to offset some carbon emissions during the setting process. Furthermore, transportation selection conditions can be set based on transportation efficiency, and vehicle frequency constraints can be set based on the overlap between charging and unloading times of electric vehicles. By comprehensively considering clean energy, charging time, carbon emissions from the production of engineering materials, and carbon emissions from transportation, a supplier optimization objective function that minimizes carbon emissions can be obtained. This improves the accuracy and scientific rigor of supplier selection, reduces carbon emissions, and enhances carbon emission management efficiency. When determining the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each type, carbon-fixing plant selection constraints can be set based on the carbon sequestration rates of various carbon-fixing plants in multiple years and the restrictions on the types of carbon-fixing plants. When setting the objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, the carbon emission offset value caused by carbon-fixing plants should be as close as possible to the total carbon emissions, thereby minimizing carbon emissions and achieving the near-zero carbon emission target. Furthermore, the planting area should be filled with carbon-fixing plants as much as possible to avoid vacancy and waste, thus achieving efficient utilization of the carbon-fixing plant planting area.

[0147] Figure 2 An exemplary block diagram of a near-zero carbon highway construction period carbon emission optimization system in ecologically sensitive areas according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, the system comprising:

[0148] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the unit project demand of various engineering materials, the first location of multiple suppliers of each engineering material, and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier;

[0149] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second carbon emission factors of multiple transportation vehicles;

[0150] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the number of shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, as well as the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery.

[0151] The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire clean energy supply information at the construction site;

[0152] The optimized basic carbon emissions module is used to determine the optimized basic carbon emissions based on the unit project demand, first location, construction location, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required shifts, third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information.

[0153] The fifth acquisition module is used to acquire carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions.

[0154] The total carbon emissions module is used to obtain the total carbon emissions based on the optimized basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions.

[0155] The sixth acquisition module is used to acquire the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants;

[0156] The planting module is used to determine the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years to be included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants.

[0157] This invention can be a method, apparatus, system, and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for performing various aspects of the invention.

[0158] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments, and any modifications or variations of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the stated principles.

[0159] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas, characterized in that, include: Obtain the unit project demand for various engineering materials, as well as the first location of multiple suppliers for each engineering material and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier; Obtain the second carbon emission factor for multiple modes of transportation; Obtain the number of machine shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, as well as the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery; Obtain information on clean energy supply at the construction site; Based on the unit project demand, primary location, construction location, primary carbon emission factor, secondary carbon emission factor, required shifts, tertiary carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized basic carbon emission amount is determined. Obtain carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions; The total carbon emissions are obtained by optimizing the basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions. Obtain the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants; Based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, the years of inclusion, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon sequestration plants, the types of target carbon sequestration plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon sequestration plant are determined. Based on the unit project demand, primary location, construction location, primary carbon emission factor, secondary carbon emission factor, required operating hours, tertiary carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized basic carbon emission level is determined, including: Based on the primary location and the construction location, determine the transportation distance between the construction location and multiple suppliers; Based on the transportation distance, unit project demand, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized carbon emission of various engineering materials is determined. Determine the optimal carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption based on the required shifts and the third carbon emission factor. The optimized basic carbon emissions are determined based on the optimized carbon emissions from materials and the optimized carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption. Based on the aforementioned transportation distance, unit project demand, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information, the optimized carbon emissions of various engineering materials are determined, including: Obtain the quantity and range of various modes of transportation; Based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor and second carbon emission factor, determine the optimal supplier selection scheme; Based on the aforementioned supplier optimization selection scheme, the carbon emissions of the optimized materials are determined; Based on clean energy supply information, unit project demand, number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, primary carbon emission factor, and secondary carbon emission factor, an optimized supplier selection scheme is determined, including: Based on clean energy supply information, determine the daily forecast of clean energy power supply; Obtain the carbon emission factor of the power grid; Based on the daily forecast of clean energy power supply, the carbon emission factor of the power grid, the unit project demand, the number of various transportation vehicles, driving range, transportation distance, first carbon emission factor and second carbon emission factor, determine the constraints for supplier optimization selection. Determine the objective function for supplier optimization selection; Based on the supplier optimization selection constraints and the supplier optimization selection objective function, determine the supplier selection schemes for various engineering materials; Based on the daily forecast of clean energy power supply, the grid's carbon emission factor, the unit project demand, the number of various transportation vehicles, their driving range, transportation distance, the primary carbon emission factor, and the secondary carbon emission factor, the constraints for supplier optimization selection are determined, including: According to the formula ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， Determine the constraints for optimal supplier selection, where M represents the unit project demand for various engineering materials. Let be the supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. Let j be the daily supply quantity of the j-th supplier capable of supplying the i-th type of engineering material. The load capacity of the first type of transportation. For each day, the first mode of transportation is used to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The load capacity of the second type of transportation. For the second mode of transportation, there are the number of trips per day to transport the i-th type of engineering material to the j-th supplier. The construction time per unit of project volume. The weight of the first type of transportation. The weight of the second type of transportation. As the second carbon emission factor for the first type of transportation, As the second carbon emission factor for the second type of transportation, To calculate the daily carbon emissions from transporting the i-th type of engineering material from the j-th supplier, This refers to the daily carbon emissions during the transportation of various engineering materials. The first carbon emission factor for the j-th supplier producing the ith type of engineering material. Let be the carbon emissions generated during the production process of the i-th type of engineering material transported from the j-th supplier on a single day. This refers to the daily carbon emissions generated during the production process of various engineering materials. Let n be the number of suppliers for the i-th type of engineering material, and n be the number of different types of engineering materials. The number of the first type of transportation. The number of the second type of transportation. Let i be the loading time of the i-th type of engineering material. Let i be the unloading time of the i-th type of engineering material. The estimated charging time for the second mode of transportation after it is transported from the j-th supplier. For daily working hours, For the range of the second mode of transportation, Let be the transportation distance between the construction location and the j-th supplier of the i-th type of engineering material. To predict daily clean energy power supply, Let be the carbon emission factor of the power grid, and max be the function to maximize it. The preset speed for vehicles.

2. The method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the objective function for supplier optimization selection, including: According to the formula ， Determine the objective function for supplier optimization selection, where, This is the function to be minimized.

3. The method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the years of inclusion, and the carbon sequestration rates of various carbon-fixing plants, the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant are determined, including: Obtain the annual carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants during their growth stages; Based on the carbon sequestration rate and the number of years to be counted, the selection constraints for carbon-fixing plants are determined; The objective function for selecting carbon sequestration plants is determined based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area. Based on the constraints and objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area for each type are determined.

4. The method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the carbon sequestration rate and the number of years of inclusion, the selection constraints for carbon-sequestering plants are determined, including: According to the formula ， ， Determine the selection constraints for carbon-fixing plants, among which, Let be the carbon sequestration rate of the k-th carbon-fixing plant in the s-th year. Let be the planting area of ​​the kth type of carbon-fixing plant. Let k be the number of years in the counting period for the k-th carbon-fixing plant. The number of species of carbon-fixing plants. To select the upper limit of the type, This is the carbon emission offset value.

5. The method for optimizing carbon emissions during the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the total carbon emissions and the area of ​​the carbon sequestration plant planting area, the objective function for selecting carbon sequestration plants is determined, including: According to the formula ， ， Determine the objective function for selecting carbon-fixing plants, where, Total carbon emissions The area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area. This is the function to be minimized.

6. A carbon emission optimization system for the construction period of near-zero carbon highways in ecologically sensitive areas, the system being used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the unit project demand of various engineering materials, the first location of multiple suppliers of each engineering material, and the first carbon emission factor provided by each supplier; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second carbon emission factors of multiple transportation vehicles; The third acquisition module is used to acquire the number of shifts required per unit project for various types of construction machinery, as well as the third carbon emission factor for each type of construction machinery. The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire clean energy supply information at the construction site; The optimized basic carbon emissions module is used to determine the optimized basic carbon emissions based on the unit project demand, first location, construction location, first carbon emission factor, second carbon emission factor, required shifts, third carbon emission factor, and clean energy supply information. The fifth acquisition module is used to acquire carbon emissions from construction measures and specific carbon emissions. The total carbon emissions module is used to obtain the total carbon emissions based on the optimized basic carbon emissions, construction measure carbon emissions, and special carbon emissions. The sixth acquisition module is used to acquire the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants; The planting module is used to determine the types of target carbon-fixing plants and the planting area of ​​each target carbon-fixing plant based on the total carbon emissions, the area of ​​the carbon-fixing plant planting area, the number of years to be included, and the carbon sequestration rate of various carbon-fixing plants.

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