Talaromyces purpureogenus strain and fermentation supernatant thereof and application

Abstract

The application discloses a Talaromyces purpureofaciens strain and a fermentation supernatant thereof and application. T. purpureogenus F-4, which has a preservation number of CCTCC NO: M 20252023, has the effects of promoting growth by dephosphorization, nitrogen fixation and iron carrier production, and the effects of preventing and treating diseases such as garlic root rot, potato scab and wheat foot rot, in addition to the effects of resisting salt stress, alkali stress, salt-alkali combined stress, heavy metal stress and osmotic pressure stress. The fermentation supernatant of the Talaromyces purpureofaciens F-4 can inhibit the growth of sporodochia of Fusarium solani, Streptomyces bottropensis and Pseudofusarium pseudotsugae and the spore germination thereof. The Talaromyces purpureofaciens and the fermentation supernatant thereof can effectively control the growth and reproduction of plant pathogenic fungi, reduce the risk of disease occurrence, reduce the dependence on chemical pesticides, reduce environmental pollution and the risk of agricultural product residues, and have important significance for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial technology, specifically to a purple basket-producing bacterium and its fermentation supernatant and applications. Background Technology

[0002] Purple basket-shaped bacteria ( Talaromyces purpureogenus Originally named Penicillium purpureum ( Penicillium purpureogenum ), belonging to the order Eurotiales, and the genus Bassilia ( Talaromyces A key member of the *Purpurocastrocum* family. Its most prominent function is pigment production. As a natural pigment produced by microbial fermentation, it is an ideal substitute for synthetic pigments and can be used in food, cosmetics, and textile dyeing. *Purpurocastrocum* is also an important source of enzymes, producing various hydrolytic enzymes applicable to multiple industrial sectors. It possesses bioremediation and biotransformation capabilities. Due to its powerful enzyme system, it can be used to degrade agricultural waste (such as rice husks and straw) and can adsorb or transform heavy metals in the environment, showing promise in heavy metal pollution control. Further research on *Purpurocastrocum* has revealed its significant potential in disease control. For example, the paper "Biocontrol Potential of *Purpurocastrocum* and its Regulation of Soil Microbial Communities" (Tian Yehan et al., *Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology*, October 2020, Vol. 31, No. 10) reported a beneficial microorganism isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy cucumber—*Purpurocastrocum* strain Q2—which showed significant preventative effects against bitter gourd wilt, tobacco black shank, tobacco root black rot, and potato stem base rot. Furthermore, research has revealed that *Purple Basket-producing* bacteria also possesses phosphorus-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing properties, making it a highly promising biocontrol bacterium.

[0003] Garlic, a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Allium in the family Liliaceae, is an important vegetable crop widely cultivated and consumed worldwide. In China, garlic is one of the major economic vegetables, with a cultivation history of over 2000 years, and its quality enjoys a worldwide reputation. In recent years, with the development of the garlic industry and increased profits, garlic diseases, especially root rot, have become increasingly prevalent in major garlic-producing areas due to factors such as continuous cropping and poor management. Root rot severely affects garlic growth and reduces yield. In my country, garlic root rot is mainly caused by *Fusarium solani* and *Fusarium oxysporum*. Root rot can occur during both the seedling and field growth stages, causing stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and even complete root rot and death of the entire plant. This has a serious impact on the vegetable economy.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for controlling garlic sickle root rot include the use of chemical pesticides and disease management measures such as rational crop rotation and disinfection of garlic seeds. However, traditional chemical control methods have problems such as environmental pollution, damage to non-target organisms, and pesticide residues, and are also difficult to completely control the occurrence and spread of the disease. Microbial control, as a sustainable and environmentally friendly disease management strategy, can effectively control the growth and reproduction of plant pathogens by utilizing beneficial microorganisms, thereby reducing the risk of disease occurrence. This provides new ideas and methods for the control of garlic root rot, reduces dependence on chemical pesticides, lowers the risk of environmental pollution and agricultural product residues, and is of great significance for promoting sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a purple basket-producing bacterium, its fermentation supernatant, and its application. The purple basket-producing bacterium of this invention (… Talaromyces purpureogenus ) T. purpureogenus F-4 has growth-promoting effects such as phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and iron carrier production. It also helps control diseases like garlic root rot, potato scab, and wheat stem base rot. Furthermore, it is tolerant to salt stress, alkali stress, combined salt-alkali stress, heavy metal stress, and osmotic stress. It can effectively control the growth and reproduction of plant pathogens, reduce the risk of disease occurrence, decrease dependence on chemical pesticides, and reduce environmental pollution and agricultural product residue risks, thus playing a significant role in promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a strain of purple basket-shaped fungus ( Talaromyces purpureogenus ) T. purpureogenus F-4, this strain was deposited on September 12, 2025 at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (also known as the Wuhan University Collection Center), with accession number CCTCC NO: M 20252023.

[0008] A second aspect of the invention provides a purple basket-producing bacterium ( Talaromyces purpureogenus ) T. purpureogenus The F-4 is used in at least one of the following 1) to 3):

[0009] 1) Promote growth;

[0010] 2) Disease prevention and control;

[0011] 3) Improve resilience.

[0012] Preferably, the growth promotion includes phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and the generation of iron carriers.

[0013] Preferably, the disease control measures include the control of garlic root rot, potato scab, and wheat stem base rot.

[0014] Preferably, the pathogen causing garlic root rot is *Fusarium solani*; the pathogen causing potato scab is *Streptomyces bozzolanicum*; and the pathogen causing wheat stem base rot is *Fusarium spp.*

[0015] Preferably, the stress resistance includes: resistance to salt stress, resistance to alkali stress, resistance to combined salt and alkali stress, resistance to heavy metal stress, and resistance to osmotic pressure stress.

[0016] Preferably, the heavy metal is cadmium ions.

[0017] A third aspect of the invention provides a fermentation supernatant produced by *Purpureus*, said fermentation supernatant being prepared by the following method:

[0018] The purple basket-shaped bacteria were inoculated into PDA liquid medium at a volume ratio of 1% and cultured at 28°C for 7 days at 180 rpm. After the culture was completed, the supernatant was obtained by filtering with sterile gauze and centrifuging.

[0019] A fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of fermentation supernatant in at least one of the following 1) to 3):

[0020] 1) Inhibits the germination of Fusarium solani spores, Streptomyces bozzolanicum spores and Fusarium pseudograss spores;

[0021] 2) Inhibits the growth of Fusarium solani, Streptomyces bozzolanicum, and Fusarium pseudograss;

[0022] 3) Control garlic root rot, potato scab and wheat stem base rot.

[0023] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a fungal agent for the prevention and control of diseases, said fungal agent containing *Purple Basilella* (a type of fungus). Talaromyces purpureogenus ) T. purpureogenus F-4 and / or fermentation supernatant.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] The purple basket-forming bacteria of the present invention ( Talaromyces purpureogenus ) T. purpureogenus F-4 has growth-promoting effects such as phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and iron carrier production. It also helps control diseases like garlic root rot, potato scab, and wheat stem base rot. Furthermore, it is tolerant to salt stress, alkali stress, combined salt-alkali stress, heavy metal stress, and osmotic stress. It can effectively control the growth and reproduction of plant pathogens, reduce the risk of disease occurrence, decrease dependence on chemical pesticides, and reduce environmental pollution and agricultural product residue risks, thus playing a significant role in promoting sustainable agricultural development. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the colony morphology of strain F-4.

[0027] Figure 2 These are images showing the morphology of mycelia and spores of strain F-4, where A is an image showing the morphology of mycelia and B is an image showing the morphology of spores.

[0028] Figure 3 Phylogenetic tree of strain F-4;

[0029] Figure 4 The results of the plate confrontation test between strain F-4 and Fusarium solani are shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the results of a plate confrontation test between strain F-4 and 12 other pathogens.

[0031] Figure 6 This represents the growth-promoting plate phenotype of strain F-4;

[0032] Figure 7 Growth of strain F-4 on plates under various stress conditions;

[0033] Figure 8 The plate inhibition effect of fermentation supernatant of strain F-4 on Fusarium solani is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 9 The diagram shows the inhibitory effect of the fermentation supernatant of strain F-4 on the germination of Fusarium solani spores.

[0035] Figure 10 A statistical chart showing the germination rate of Fusarium spores after treatment with fermentation supernatant of strain F-4;

[0036] Figure 11 The image shows the fluorescence microscopy effect of PI staining on Fusarium rotundus hyphae after treatment with fermentation supernatant of strain F-4.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating the biocontrol effect of strain F-4 against garlic root rot.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the biocontrol effect of strain F-4 on wheat stem base rot. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0040] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] The test materials used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0042] Example 1: Isolation and Identification of Strains

[0043] 1. Isolation of potential biocontrol bacteria

[0044] (1) Rhizosphere soil of healthy garlic was collected from Jinxiang, Jining, Shandong;

[0045] (2) Weigh 5g of garlic rhizosphere soil into a sterile 50ml centrifuge tube, add 45ml of sterile water, shake thoroughly to mix, and then gradually dilute the mixture to 10. -3 10 -4 10 -5 After mixing the solution with g / ml, take 100 μL of the liquid and spread it onto a PDA containing antibiotics. Perform three replicates for each gradient and incubate at 25°C with the plates inverted. Observe the plates daily.

[0046] (3) The fungal hyphae grown on the plate were further purified by streaking on a PDA plate and then stored under cold storage.

[0047] 2. Screening of antagonistic bacteria using the plate confrontation method

[0048] The PDA plate confrontation method was used to symmetrically inoculate potential biocontrol fungi obtained from *Fusarium solani* mycelial cakes (5 mm in diameter) that had been cultured for 7 days with PDA medium at a distance of 2 cm from the edge on 9 cm diameter plates containing 20 mL of PDA medium. Plates inoculated only with mycelial cakes of root rot pathogens served as controls. The plates were incubated at 25°C in the dark. Biocontrol bacteria that could inhibit the growth of *Fusarium solani* were screened.

[0049] Example 2: Morphological observation and molecular biological identification

[0050] 1. A fungus that could inhibit the mycelial growth of *Fusarium solani* on agar plates was screened. The strain was inoculated onto PDA plates and cultured at 25°C for 7 days. The strain exhibited a darker central area that gradually lightened towards the periphery, with a uniform, filamentous texture. (See [link to PDA plate]). Figure 1 The hyphae and spore morphology were observed using a microscope; see [reference needed]. Figure 2 .

[0051] 2. DNA was extracted from the strain and amplified using universal fungal primers ITS1 (5'-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3') (SEQ ID NO: 1) and ITS4 (5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3') (SEQ ID NO: 2). The PCR reaction system consisted of 25 μL: 0.5 μL each of upstream primer ITS1 and downstream primer ITS4, 1 μL DNA template, 12.5 μL of mix enzyme, and 10.5 μL of ddH2O. The reaction was incubated at 94℃ for 5 min; 94℃ for 30 s, 55℃ for 35 s, and 72℃ for 1 min, for 30 cycles; followed by 72℃ for 10 min. The PCR products were detected by electrophoresis on a 1.0% agarose gel and sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. for sequence analysis. The sequencing results were as follows:

[0052] (SEQ ID NO: 3).

[0053] 3. Perform BLAST comparison analysis on NCBI and construct a phylogenetic tree. See [link to BLAST analysis]. Figure 3It can be seen that it is related to the purple basket-forming bacteria (… Talaromyces purpureogenus The strain is highly homologous to *Basilella* and has been identified as a *Basilella* species. Talaromyces purpureogenum ), classified and named Basilaria ( Talaromyces purpureogenus ), numbered T. purpureogenus F-4 (hereinafter referred to as F-4) is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with accession number: CCTCC NO: M 20252023.

[0054] Example 3: Plate confrontation method to verify the inhibitory effect of *Fusarium purpureus* F-4 on *Fusarium solani*.

[0055] The experiment was divided into two groups: the control group was infected with *Fusarium solani* alone, and the treatment group consisted of *Fusarium solani* and *Fusarium purpureum* in a confrontation. The same plate confrontation method as in Example 1 was used, with plates incubated at 25°C in the dark. After 7 days, the colony radius of *Fusarium solani* was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated. The inhibition rate was calculated using the formula: Inhibition rate = [(Coronary radius of control group - Colony radius of treatment group) / Colony radius of control group] × 100%. The same plate confrontation method as in Example 1 was used to verify the effect of *Fusarium purpureum* F-4 on *Fusarium solani*, the pathogen of garlic root rot. Fusarium pseudograminearum The inhibitory effect of ).

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, compared with the control group, Fusarium solani in the treatment group was significantly inhibited by Basiliformis F-4, with an inhibition rate of 72.25%.

[0057] Example 4: Inhibitory effect of *Purpureus* F-4 on other pathogens

[0058] The same plate confrontation method as in Example 1 was used to verify the effect of *Fusarium oxysporum* F-4 on *Fusarium oxysporum* (…). Fusarium oxysporum ), Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium fujikuroi ), Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium equiseti Fusarium moniliforme () Fusarium proliferatum ), Fusarium annulatum Fusarium graminearum ( Fusarium graminearum ), Fusarium graminearum ( Fusarium pseudograminearum Fusarium moniliforme () Fusarium moniliforme Fusarium nivale () Fusarium nivale ), pear black rot skin ( Valsa ambiens Alternaria ( Alternaria Fungi such as Streptomyces bozzolii ( Streptomycesbottropensis The inhibitory effect of ).

[0059] like Figure 5As shown, *Fusarium purpureus* F-4 is a pathogen of wheat stem rot caused by *Fusarium pseudogranatum*. Fusarium pseudograminearum The antibacterial rate was 70.37%; the pathogen of potato scab, Streptomyces bozzoli, ( Streptomycesbottropensis The antibacterial rate was 47.18%; Fusarium oxysporum ( Fusarium oxysporum 68.78%, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) Fusarium fujikuroi 65.64%, Fusarium equisetifolium ( Fusarium equiseti 68.21%, Fusarium moniliformes ( Fusarium proliferatum 65.60%, Fusarium annulatum 56.11%, Fusarium graminearum ( Fusarium graminearum 42.32%, Fusarium moniliformes ( Fusarium moniliforme 45.56%, Fusarium nivale ( Fusarium nivale 41.19%, pear black rot skin ( Valsa ambiens 47.21%, Alternaria ( Alternaria 69.10%. Among the purple basket-forming bacteria F-4, the highest inhibition rate against Fusarium was achieved by Fusarium rotundum and Fusarium pseudograss; the highest inhibition rate against non-Fusarium was achieved by Streptomyces bozzoliii.

[0060] Example 5: Growth-promoting characteristics of *Purple Basket-producing* F-4

[0061] (1) Collect the bacterial cake of the purple basket-shaped bacterium F-4 and inoculate it onto NBRIP phosphate-solubilizing solid medium, and incubate at 28°C for 5 days. Observe whether a clear zone is formed around the strain to determine whether the strain has phosphate-solubilizing properties.

[0062] (2) Collect the bacterial cake of the purple basket-shaped bacterium F-4 and inoculate it onto Assumption nitrogen-fixing solid medium, and incubate at 28°C for 5 days. Observe whether the strain can grow to determine whether the strain has nitrogen-fixing characteristics.

[0063] (3) Take the bacterial cake of the purple basket-shaped bacterium F-4 and inoculate it onto the surface of CAS solid medium. Incubate at 28°C for 5 days and observe whether an orange-yellow halo appears around the colony to determine whether the strain can produce siderophores.

[0064] according to Figure 6 The nitrogen fixation plate plots show that F4 can grow on Assumption nitrogen-fixing solid medium, indicating that *Pyrophyllum purpureus* F-4 has nitrogen-fixing ability; when F4 grows on NBRIP phosphorus-solubilizing solid medium, a transparent ring is formed around it, indicating that *Pyrophyllum purpureus* F-4 has phosphorus-solubilizing ability; when F4 grows on the surface of CAS medium, an orange-yellow halo is formed around it, indicating that *Pyrophyllum purpureus* F-4 has the ability to produce siderophores.

[0065] Example 6: Testing the stress resistance of *Purpureus purpureus* F-4

[0066] 1. Prepare PDA solid plates under different stresses. The types and concentrations of stresses are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1. Types and concentrations of stress plates

[0068]

[0069] 2. Inoculate the purple basket-forming bacteria F-4 onto stress plates of different types and concentrations, as shown in Table 1. Place the purple basket-forming bacteria cakes onto the corresponding plates and incubate at 28°C for 5 days to observe their growth.

[0070] like Figure 7 As shown, the purple basket-forming bacterium F-4 can grow on plates under high and low concentrations of salt stress, alkali stress, combined salt-alkali stress, cadmium stress, and osmotic stress, indicating that the bacterium has the potential to cope with these stresses. Moreover, there is no significant difference in the growth area of ​​F4 on plates under two concentrations of alkali stress, cadmium stress, and osmotic stress, indicating that F4 has better application potential in these three stress environments.

[0071] Example 7: Preparation of aseptic fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium oxysporum* and its inhibitory effect on the growth of *Fusarium solani*.

[0072] Purple basket-producing bacteria F-4 was inoculated into PDA liquid medium at a volume ratio of 1% and cultured for 7 days at 28℃ and 180 rpm. The purple basket-producing bacteria F-4 was filtered through sterile gauze, centrifuged, and the fermentation supernatant was obtained. The supernatant was then sterilized by filtration through a 0.22 μm sterile aqueous filter membrane to obtain the sterile fermentation supernatant of purple basket-producing bacteria F-4. The sterile fermentation supernatant was mixed with 1 / 2 PDA to form plates, and Fusarium solani mycelium was inoculated as a treatment group. Fusarium solani inoculated with PDA with full nutrition was used as the control group, and Fusarium solani inoculated with 1 / 2 PDA was used as control group B. After culturing at 28℃ for 7 days, the growth of Fusarium solani was observed and recorded, and the inhibition rate was calculated.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, the growth of Fusarium solani in the treatment group was inhibited, with an inhibition rate of 81.23%, indicating that the fermentation supernatant of F-4 can significantly inhibit the growth of Fusarium solani.

[0074] Example 8: Inhibitory effect of sterile fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* on the germination of *Fusarium solani* spores.

[0075] The sterile fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* F-4 was obtained according to the method in Example 7. *Fusarium solani* cultured for 7 days (500 ml PDB culture, inoculum size 1%, 28℃, 180 rpm) was filtered through sterile gauze, centrifuged, and resuspended in PDB culture to obtain *Fusarium solani* spore suspension. The sterile fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* F-4 was mixed with *Fusarium solani* spores at a 1:1 volume ratio as the treatment group. The control group consisted of *Fusarium solani* spore suspension + 1 / 4 concentration PDB culture medium at a 1:1 volume ratio. Spore germination rates were observed at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, and 24 h. The spore germination inhibition experiment of *Fusarium solani* was conducted using the same procedure as for *Fusarium solani*. *Streptomyces bozzoli* was cultured using Gao's No. 1 liquid medium (culture conditions were the same as for *Fusarium solani*).

[0076] Table 2. Germination rate of Fusarium spores after treatment with *Fusarium solani* F-4.

[0077]

[0078] Table 3. Germination rate of *Fusarium pseudocarpa* spores after treatment with *Fusarium purpureus* F-4.

[0079]

[0080] Table 4. Spore germination rate of *Streptomyces bozzolanicum* after treatment with *Purple Basket-like Fungus* F-4.

[0081]

[0082] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the germination of *Fusarium solani* spores, *Fusarium pseudograss* spores, and *Streptomyces bozzoli* spores in the treatment group was significantly inhibited. The germination rate was calculated according to the formula (germination rate (%) = number of germinating spores in the treatment group / total number of spores in the treatment group × 100), and the germination rates are shown in the table below. The results indicate that the spores of F-4 can significantly inhibit the germination of *Fusarium solani*, *Fusarium pseudograss* spores, and *Streptomyces bozzoli* spores.

[0083] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control group, the germination rate of *Fusarium solani* in the treatment group was only 9.71% after 24 hours of culture, while it was 100% in the control group. Tables 3 and 4 show that, compared with the control group, the spore germination rates of *Fusarium solani* and *Streptomyces bozzoli* in the treatment group were both 100% after 24 hours of culture, significantly higher than those in the treatment group. This indicates that the fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* F-4 of this invention can significantly inhibit the germination of *Fusarium solani*.

[0084] Example 9: Inhibitory effect of sterile fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* on the germination of *Fusarium solani* spores.

[0085] The method for obtaining the aseptic fermentation supernatant of *Fusarium solani* F-4 was the same as in Example 7. A suspension of *Fusarium solani* mycelium cultured for 7 days (500 ml PDB culture, 1% inoculum, 28℃, 180 rpm) was centrifuged at 4500 rpm, the supernatant was discarded, and the mycelium was collected. Then, 1 mL of *Fusarium solani* F-4 fermentation supernatant was mixed with an equal volume of *Fusarium solani* mycelium to form the treatment group. The control group was inoculated with *Fusarium solani* mycelium on PDB medium (equal volume to the fermentation supernatant). All groups were co-cultured at 28℃, 180 rpm on a shaker for 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, and 24 h. Then, the culture was centrifuged at 4500 rpm, the supernatant was discarded, and the bacterial cells were collected. The collected bacterial cells were washed with PBS (pH=7.8) to remove the culture medium until it was completely removed. Add 1 / 10 volume of PI (Propidium iodide) dye to the culture medium until the cells are submerged, incubate at 28°C for 15 min, wash thoroughly with buffer, and observe and record under a fluorescence microscope.

[0086] like Figure 11 As shown, the control group showed no obvious red fluorescence at 0h, 3h, 6h, 9h, 12h, and 24h, while the treatment group began to show weak fluorescence from 3h, with the fluorescence intensity increasing over time, reaching its peak at 24h. This indicates that the mycelium of *Fusarium solani* underwent changes in cell membrane permeability under the treatment of the fermentation supernatant of *Aureobasidium auricula-judae* F-4, resulting in cell rupture and DNA leakage. The pathogen was destroyed, unable to continue growing, producing spores, or reproducing, and the fluorescence intensity increased with prolonged treatment time. This demonstrates that the fermentation supernatant of *Aureobasidium auricula-judae* F-4, which causes this disease, can lead to the death of *Fusarium solani* mycelium, terminating its growth and reproduction.

[0087] Example 10: Pot experiment on the reduction of garlic root rot by producing purple basket-shaped fungus.

[0088] Plant the garlic (from Space One) in pots. When the garlic reaches the two-leaf stage (approximately 3 days), inoculate it with pathogenic and biocontrol bacteria by watering each garlic clove with 20ml of a 1×10 solution. 6 A suspension of *Fusarium solani* spores (prepared as in Example 8) and a suspension of *Fusarium solani* F-4 spores (prepared as in Example 8) were used as treatment groups. Control group A consisted of only watering with an equal volume of water, and control group B consisted of *Fusarium solani* spores plus an equal volume of water. All samples were placed in an artificial stress incubator at 25°C and 80% humidity, with alternating light and dark cycles of 12 hours and 12 hours per day for 15 days. The incidence of garlic root rot was observed and recorded. The results are shown in […]. Figure 11 .

[0089] according to Figure 12It can be seen that the disease was milder in control group A and treatment group. In control group B, garlic plants showed symptoms such as stunted growth, severe root waterlogging, and root rot. The disease incidence in treatment group was significantly better than that in control group B.

[0090] Example 11: Pot experiment on the reduction of wheat stem base rot by *Purple Basilella*.

[0091] Germinate wheat seeds (Jimai 22) until they reach 1cm in length with roots, then plant them in pots. Seven days after planting, inoculate with pathogenic and biocontrol agents by watering each wheat seed with 20mL of a 1×10⁻⁶ solution. 6 A suspension of *Fusarium graminearum* spores (prepared as in Example 8) and a suspension of *Fusarium graminearum* spores F-4 (prepared as in Example 8) were used as treatment groups. Control group A consisted of only watering with an equal volume of water, while control group B consisted of watering with *Fusarium graminearum* spore suspension plus an equal volume of water. All samples were placed in an artificial stress incubator at 21°C and 80% humidity, with alternating light and dark cycles of 12 hours and 12 hours per day for 21 days. The incidence of wheat stem rot was observed and recorded. The results are shown in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 12 .

[0092] according to Figure 13 It can be seen that the disease was milder in control group A and the treatment group. The wheat plants in control group B showed obvious lesions at the base of the stems and died. The disease incidence in the treatment group was significantly better than that in control group B.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A strain of purple basket-shaped fungus (Talaromyces purpureogenus) T. purpureogenus F-4, with accession number CCTCC NO: M 20252023.

2. The purple basket-producing fungus according to claim 1 (Talaromyces purpureogenus) T. purpureogenu The F-4 is used in at least one of the following 1) to 2): 1) Promote growth; the promotion of growth refers to phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and the generation of iron carriers; 2) Disease control; the disease control measures are for garlic root rot, potato scab, and wheat stem base rot; the pathogen of garlic root rot is Fusarium solani; the pathogen of potato scab is Streptomyces bozzolanicum; and the pathogen of wheat stem base rot is Fusarium pseudograss.

3. A fermentation supernatant produced by the purple basket-producing bacteria as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation supernatant was prepared by the following method: The purple basket-shaped bacteria were inoculated into PDA liquid medium at a volume ratio of 1% and cultured at 28°C for 7 days at 180 rpm. After the culture was completed, the supernatant was obtained by filtering with sterile gauze and centrifuging.

4. The use of the fermentation supernatant according to claim 3 in at least one of the following 1) to 3): 1) Inhibits the germination of Fusarium solani spores, Streptomyces bozzolanicum spores and Fusarium pseudograss spores; 2) Inhibits the growth of Fusarium solani; 3) Control garlic root rot caused by Fusarium solani, potato scab caused by Streptomyces bozzolanicum, and wheat stem base rot caused by Fusarium spp.

5. A fungicide for controlling diseases, characterized in that, The bacterial agent contains the purple-blue broom-producing bacteria as described in claim 1. (Talaromyces purpureogenus) T. purpureogenus F-4 and / or the fermentation supernatant as described in claim 3.

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