Spotlight type light guide-light supplement system and regulation and control method capable of stably improving underground space light environment quality

Abstract

This invention discloses a light-guiding and supplementary lighting system and its control method that can stably improve the light environment quality of underground spaces, belonging to the field of lighting systems. The system includes: a secondary concentrator whose central axis is aligned with sunlight in real time; a photovoltaic cell fixed to the top surface of the secondary concentrator; a Fresnel lens rotatably mounted above the secondary concentrator; sunlight, initially focused by the Fresnel lens, partially illuminates the photovoltaic cell, and the remaining portion illuminates an area on the top surface of the secondary concentrator outside the photovoltaic cell before being guided into the underground space; the lens's rotation changes its deflection angle relative to sunlight, adjusting the light distribution ratio between the light guide and the photovoltaic cell; an outdoor illuminance sensor located outdoors; and an underground illuminance compensation device located in the underground space; the system adjusts the deflection angle based on the outdoor illuminance sensor's measurement value to maintain the illuminance on the underground space's working surface at a standard value, and activates the underground illuminance compensation device only when the maximum light distribution ratio still fails to maintain the standard value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a lighting system that uses sunlight, specifically to a light-concentrating light guide-supplement system and control method that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces. Background Technology

[0002] While the development of underground spaces can help alleviate the pressures of urban sprawl, prolonged exposure to artificial light can negatively impact physical and mental health. This is primarily because the lack of natural light disrupts the body's circadian rhythm, suppresses melatonin secretion, and leads to sleep disturbances, fatigue, and mood swings. Simultaneously, insufficient sunlight exposure may reduce vitamin D synthesis, affecting immunity and bone health. Furthermore, blue light from artificial sources can exacerbate visual fatigue, while enclosed and monotonous lighting environments can induce feelings of depression, reduce cognitive function, and decrease social engagement. Therefore, long-term reliance on artificial lighting and a lack of natural light exposure can harm health on multiple physiological, psychological, and behavioral levels.

[0003] Concentrating light technology, as a new and efficient way of utilizing solar energy, can introduce natural light underground by integrating it with optical fibers, thereby significantly improving the environmental quality of underground spaces and reducing building energy consumption.

[0004] In related technologies, such as the optical fiber-guided sunlight illumination system disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN204829733U, sunlight is collected by a Fresnel lens concentrator when there is sufficient sunlight. Utilizing the unique physical properties of optical fiber, such as its flexible light transmission, the natural light is guided to the target area, where a radiating device at the terminal emits uniform and soft diffused light, enabling direct utilization of sunlight. The system also includes a sunlight direction tracking device, which controls the concentrator to rotate its angle according to changes in sunlight. However, because natural light is greatly affected by external factors such as weather, the light emitted by this system fluctuates unstablely, failing to provide a stable underground lighting environment for people.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a light-guiding and supplementary light system and control method that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces, providing people with a stable light environment in underground spaces under different weather conditions, while reducing building energy consumption.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention discloses a light-guiding and supplementary lighting system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces. This system includes:

[0008] The secondary concentrator's central axis is aligned with the sunlight in real time.

[0009] Photovoltaic cells are fixed on the top surface of the secondary concentrator;

[0010] A Fresnel lens is flip-mounted above the secondary concentrator. Sunlight is first converged by the Fresnel lens, and part of the converged sunlight illuminates the photovoltaic cell, while the other part illuminates the area on the top surface of the secondary concentrator outside the photovoltaic cell and is then converged again by the secondary concentrator before being directed into the underground space. When the Fresnel lens is flipped, its deflection angle with the sunlight is changed, thereby adjusting the light distribution ratio between the guided light and the photovoltaic light.

[0011] Outdoor light intensity sensor, installed outdoors;

[0012] And an underground illuminance compensation device, installed in the underground space and configured to be activated in a controllable manner to compensate for the illuminance of the underground space working surface;

[0013] The system is configured to adjust the deflection angle based on the measurement value of the outdoor illuminance sensor to maintain the illuminance of the underground working surface at a standard value, and to activate the underground illuminance compensation device only when the maximum light distribution ratio still cannot maintain the standard value.

[0014] In one embodiment, the system further includes a storage battery electrically connected to the photovoltaic cell and providing power to the underground illuminance compensation device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic cell is fixed to the center of the top surface of the secondary concentrator.

[0016] In one embodiment, in the initial state, the central axis of the Fresnel lens is collinear with the central axis of the secondary condenser; the system includes a deflection drive device connected to the Fresnel lens for driving the Fresnel lens to flip.

[0017] In one embodiment, the system includes a light guiding mechanism and a light emitting mechanism disposed in an underground space. The light guiding mechanism connects the secondary concentrator and the light emitting mechanism. Sunlight, after being converged twice by the secondary concentrator, is guided by the light guiding mechanism to the light emitting mechanism, which then disperses the received light into the underground space to form natural light illumination.

[0018] In one embodiment, the light guiding mechanism is an optical fiber, and the light emitting mechanism is a diffuser.

[0019] In one embodiment, the Fresnel lens, the photovoltaic cell, and the secondary concentrator together constitute a concentrating module, and multiple concentrating modules are provided; the multiple concentrating modules are arranged in a rectangular array structure to form a concentrating module array;

[0020] The system includes:

[0021] A solar position sensor is used to detect the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle in real time.

[0022] And a dual-axis linkage device for connecting to the concentrating module array, wherein the solar position sensor is disposed on one side of the dual-axis linkage device and connected thereto, and the dual-axis linkage device is configured to adjust the position of each concentrating module in the array according to the measurement value of the solar position sensor so that the central axis of the secondary concentrator in the concentrating module is kept consistent with the direction of sunlight incidence in real time.

[0023] In one embodiment, the underground illuminance compensation device includes:

[0024] An indoor illuminance sensor is used to detect the illuminance of the underground working surface within the underground space.

[0025] Supplemental lighting source;

[0026] The device includes a lighting controller, which is electrically connected to the indoor illuminance sensor and the supplementary light source. When the underground illuminance compensation device is activated, the lighting controller adjusts the illuminance of the supplementary light source based on the comparison between the measured value of the indoor illuminance sensor and the standard value, thereby compensating for the illuminance in the underground space.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention discloses a control method for a focusing light guide-supplement system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces. This control method is implemented using any of the focusing light guide-supplement systems described above, and includes:

[0028] The central axis of the secondary concentrator is aligned with sunlight in real time.

[0029] Outdoor direct illuminance is obtained through an outdoor illuminance sensor;

[0030] The deflection angle of the Fresnel lens relative to sunlight is controlled and adjusted according to the outdoor direct illuminance to maintain the illuminance of the underground working surface at the standard value. The underground illuminance compensation device is activated only when the adjustment of the deflection angle reaches the maximum light distribution ratio and still fails to maintain the standard value.

[0031] Specifically, the deflection angle of the Fresnel lens relative to sunlight is controlled and adjusted based on the outdoor direct illuminance to maintain the illuminance of the underground working surface at a standard value. The underground illuminance compensation device is activated only when the adjustment of the deflection angle, even at its maximum light distribution ratio, still fails to maintain the standard value. This includes:

[0032] If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is less than the preset minimum reference illuminance value K1, it is determined that the lighting is insufficient. The deflection angle is adjusted to a fixed angle c, and the underground illuminance compensation device is activated. The underground illuminance compensation device compensates for the light in the underground space to keep the illuminance of the underground space working surface at the standard value. The fixed angle c maximizes the light distribution ratio.

[0033] If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is greater than the preset maximum reference illuminance value K2, it is determined that the lighting is sufficient, the underground illuminance compensation device is stopped, and the deflection angle is adjusted to zero. At this time, the central axis of the Fresnel lens remains parallel to the incident direction of sunlight in real time.

[0034] If the outdoor direct illuminance data is within the range of [K1, K2], it is determined that the lighting is suitable, the underground illuminance compensation device is stopped, and the deflection angle is dynamically adjusted according to the current outdoor direct illuminance data and the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle; the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle ensures that the illuminance of the underground space working surface is maintained at the standard value.

[0035] In one embodiment, the fixed angle c is 1.4°, the standard value is 300 lx, the preset minimum reference illuminance value K1 is 158.63 w / m², the preset maximum reference illuminance value K2 is 384.78 w / m², and the functional relationship is y = -199.81x. 3 +375.11x 2 -451.86x+384.78, where y represents the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data, and x represents the deflection angle, 0°. <x<c。

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The light-guiding and supplementary light system designed in this invention consists of a Fresnel lens, a photovoltaic cell, and a secondary concentrator, which together form a light-concentrating module that is aligned with sunlight in real time, thereby making the most efficient use of natural light.

[0038] 2. The light-guiding and supplementary light system designed in this invention intercepts a portion of the primary focused light by setting a photovoltaic cell on the top surface of the secondary concentrator. Combined with the fact that the Fresnel lens can be flipped at a certain angle relative to the secondary concentrator, changing its deflection angle with sunlight, the focal position of the Fresnel lens moves, thereby adjusting the ratio between the primary focused light received by the secondary concentrator and the primary focused light received by the photovoltaic cell, i.e., the light distribution ratio of the light guide and the photovoltaic. This allows the system to dynamically adjust the deflection angle according to weather conditions, such as outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data, so that the total amount of natural light entering the light guiding mechanism, such as optical fiber, remains constant, thereby maintaining a stable light environment in underground spaces. At the same time, excess light is focused to the photovoltaic cell and converted into electrical energy.

[0039] Specifically, in good weather, a smaller proportion of natural light enters the underground space, avoiding glare caused by excessive light. In poor weather, a larger proportion of converging light is transmitted to the underground space through the light guide device, improving the quality of the light environment. When the weather is extremely bad, i.e., when the maximum light distribution ratio still cannot maintain the standard value, the underground illuminance compensation device plays a supplementary lighting role. By adjusting the deflection angle in real time and dynamically controlling the light distribution ratio of the light guide and photovoltaics, a stable underground light environment can be effectively maintained, reducing dependence on artificial light sources, and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction effects.

[0040] Therefore, this invention effectively solves the problem of unstable lighting environment in underground spaces caused by weather, time, and seasonal changes in other natural light introduction methods, creating a comfortable, stable, and energy-efficient lighting environment in underground spaces. Compared to existing technologies where the lighting environment in underground spaces is limited by sunny days, this invention greatly improves the reliability and stability of the lighting environment in underground spaces.

[0041] 3. The system of the present invention stores the electrical energy converted from photovoltaic cells by setting up a storage battery and provides power to the underground illuminance compensation device, thereby further reducing the consumption of external energy and achieving the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0042] 4. The system possesses excellent solar elevation angle tracking capabilities and achieves coordinated control of the concentrating module array through a reasonable control method. This simplifies the system structure and reduces overall energy consumption.

[0043] 5. The focusing light guide-supplementary light system control method of the present invention can control the operation of the deflection drive device according to outdoor direct illuminance data to adjust the deflection angle of the Fresnel lens's central axis relative to the direction of sunlight incidence. Sometimes the deflection angle is adjusted to a fixed angle, sometimes the deflection angle is a function of the outdoor direct illuminance data, and sometimes no deflection angle is required. This ensures that there is a corresponding lens deflection angle under different weather conditions, maintaining the illuminance of the underground space working surface at the standard value. Only when the light distribution ratio is at its maximum and still cannot maintain the standard value, is the underground illuminance compensation device activated to supplement artificial lighting, maintaining the stability of the underground space's light environment. Compared with the prior art, the present invention deflects the Fresnel lens in addition to dual-axis tracking of the sun's real-time position, which can efficiently meet the stability requirements of the underground space's light environment. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the advantages of the present invention in the above and / or other aspects will become clearer.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a light-guiding and supplementary light system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of the focusing module and the light guiding mechanism in the focusing light guiding and supplementing light system.

[0047] Figure 3 (a) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 0° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 (b) is a graph showing the change of incident light when the deflection angle is 0.2° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 (c) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 0.4° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 (d) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 0.6° in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 (e) is a graph showing the change of incident light when the deflection angle is 0.8° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 (f) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 1.0° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3(g) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 1.2° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 (h) is a graph showing the change of incident light rays when the deflection angle is 1.4° according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 200W / m at different deflection angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention 2 The distribution of light intensity on the surface of photovoltaic cells caused by direct outdoor sunlight.

[0056] Figure 5 200W / m at different deflection angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention 2 The light intensity distribution diagram generated on the top surface of the fiber optic array by outdoor direct sunlight.

[0057] Figure 6 200W / m at different deflection angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention 2 The illuminance distribution of outdoor direct sunlight within the underground working area.

[0058] Figure 7 To maintain 200W / m in a specific embodiment of the present invention 2 Curves showing the energy received by each interface under different deflection angles at outdoor direct illuminance.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a fitting curve of the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle, disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The attached diagrams are labeled as follows: 1. Concentrating module; 11. Fresnel lens; 12. Photovoltaic cell; 13. Secondary concentrator; 14. Light guide mechanism; 15. Housing; 16. Light output mechanism; 2. Underground illuminance compensation device; 21. Indoor illuminance sensor; 22. Supplementary light source; 23. Lighting controller; 3. Battery; 4. Underground space; 5. Converged sunlight. Detailed Implementation

[0061] Combination Figures 1 to 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a light-guiding and supplementary lighting system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces, comprising: a secondary concentrator 13, the central axis of which is aligned with sunlight in real time; a photovoltaic cell 12, fixed on the top surface of the secondary concentrator 13; and a Fresnel lens 11, which is rotatably disposed above the secondary concentrator 13, with the rotation axis of the Fresnel lens 11 set along the solar azimuth direction and passing through the center of the Fresnel lens 11; initially, its central axis is collinear with the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13; sunlight is converged once by the Fresnel lens 11, and part of the converged sunlight shines on the photovoltaic cell 12, while the other part shines on... The light is projected onto the top surface of the secondary concentrator 13, outside the photovoltaic cell 12, and then converged again by the secondary concentrator 13 before being directed into the underground space. When the Fresnel lens 11 is flipped relative to the secondary concentrator 13, it changes its deflection angle with the sunlight, thereby adjusting the light distribution ratio between the guided light and the photovoltaic. An outdoor illuminance sensor is installed outdoors. An underground illuminance compensation device 2 is installed in the underground space and is configured to be controllably activated to compensate for the illuminance of the underground space working surface. The system is configured to adjust the deflection angle according to the measurement value of the outdoor illuminance sensor to keep the illuminance of the underground space working surface at a standard value, and to activate the underground illuminance compensation device 2 only when the maximum light distribution ratio still cannot maintain the standard value.

[0062] In this application, the underground space working surface refers to a horizontal plane 0.75m above the ground of the underground space. The average illuminance of this horizontal plane can be used to measure the lighting conditions of the underground space.

[0063] The central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 being aligned with sunlight in real time means that the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 is kept in constant alignment with the incident direction of sunlight. The deflection angle of the Fresnel lens 11 relative to sunlight refers to the deflection angle of the central axis of the Fresnel lens 11 relative to the incident direction of sunlight. By changing the deflection angle of the Fresnel lens 11, the focal position of the Fresnel lens 11 is changed, thereby changing the light distribution ratio of the light guide and the photovoltaic system.

[0064] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a light guide mechanism 14 and a light output mechanism 16 installed in the underground space. The light guide mechanism 14 connects the secondary concentrator 13 and the light output mechanism 16.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, sunlight is focused once by Fresnel lens 11. Part of the focused sunlight 5 shines on photovoltaic cell 12 and is converted into electrical energy. The other part shines on the top surface of secondary concentrator 13 in the area outside photovoltaic cell 12 and is focused again by secondary concentrator 13. It is then conducted through light guide mechanism 14 to light output mechanism 16 set in underground space. Light output mechanism 16 disperses the received light into underground space 4 to form natural light illumination.

[0066] Optionally, the light guiding mechanism 14 is an optical fiber, and the light output mechanism 16 is a diffuser.

[0067] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system also includes a storage battery 3, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic cell 12 and provides power to the underground illuminance compensation device 2.

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic cell 12 is fixed to the center of the top surface of the secondary concentrator 13, and the area of ​​the photovoltaic cell 12 is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the secondary concentrator 13. In a specific embodiment, as... Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic cell 12 is a square sheet structure, laid flat on the top surface of the secondary concentrator 13. The central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 is perpendicular to the photovoltaic cell 12 and passes through the center point of the photovoltaic cell 12. The flip axis of the Fresnel lens 11 is parallel to one side of the photovoltaic cell 12. When the Fresnel lens 11 is in its initial state, its focal point is located on the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13. Combined with the fact that the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 is aligned with sunlight in real time, the system can utilize natural light most efficiently.

[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a housing 15, which has an inner cavity and openings at the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity. A secondary condenser 13 is installed inside the housing 15. A light guide mechanism 14 extends out of the housing 15 through the lower opening. A Fresnel lens 11 is rotatably positioned above the secondary condenser 13 by being rotatably positioned at the upper opening of the housing 15.

[0070] In one embodiment, the system includes a deflection drive connected to the Fresnel lens 11 for rotating the Fresnel lens 11 around a flip axis. The deflection drive can be mounted on the housing 15.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, Fresnel lens 11, photovoltaic cell 12 and secondary concentrator 13 together constitute a concentrating module 1, and multiple concentrating modules are provided; the multiple concentrating modules are arranged in a rectangular array structure to form a concentrating module array.

[0072] To ensure that the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 in the concentrating module is aligned with the direction of sunlight incidence in real time, the system includes a solar position sensor for real-time detection of the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle, and a dual-axis linkage device for connection with the concentrating module array. The solar position sensor is located on one side of and connected to the dual-axis linkage device. The dual-axis linkage device is configured to adjust the position of each concentrating module in the array based on the measurements from the solar position sensor, so that the central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 in the concentrating module is aligned with the direction of sunlight incidence in real time.

[0073] The dual-axis linkage device in this embodiment can be the dual-axis linkage device for building-integrated solar modules disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN108336959B. Its specific structure is not the main improvement point of this application, so it will not be described in detail.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the underground illuminance compensation device 2 includes: an indoor illuminance sensor 21 for detecting the illuminance of the underground working surface in the underground space 4; a supplementary light source 22; and a lighting controller 23. The lighting controller 23 is electrically connected to the indoor illuminance sensor 21 and the supplementary light source 22 respectively. When the underground illuminance compensation device 2 is activated, the lighting controller 23 adjusts the illuminance of the supplementary light source 22 according to the comparison result between the measured value of the indoor illuminance sensor 21 and the standard value, so as to compensate for the illuminance of the underground space 4 and maintain the illuminance of the underground working surface at the standard value.

[0075] In one embodiment, the light guiding mechanism 14 is a single optical fiber or an optical fiber group composed of multiple single optical fibers, and the light emitting mechanism 16 is a diffuser.

[0076] This embodiment also discloses a control method for a focusing light guide-supplement system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces. The control method is implemented using any of the focusing light guide-supplement systems described above, and includes:

[0077] The central axis of the secondary concentrator 13 is aligned with the sunlight in real time.

[0078] Outdoor direct illuminance is obtained through an outdoor illuminance sensor;

[0079] The deflection angle of the Fresnel lens 11 relative to sunlight is controlled and adjusted according to the outdoor direct illuminance to keep the illuminance of the underground working surface at the standard value. The underground illuminance compensation device 2 is activated only when the adjustment of the deflection angle reaches the maximum light distribution ratio and still cannot maintain the standard value.

[0080] More specifically, the deflection angle of the Fresnel lens 11 relative to sunlight is controlled and adjusted according to the outdoor direct illuminance to maintain the illuminance of the underground working surface at a standard value. The underground illuminance compensation device 2 is activated only when adjusting the deflection angle to maximize the light distribution ratio still fails to maintain the standard value. This device includes:

[0081] If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is less than the preset minimum reference illuminance value K1, it is determined that the lighting is insufficient. The deflection angle is adjusted to a fixed angle c, and the underground illuminance compensation device 2 is activated. The underground illuminance compensation device 2 performs light compensation on the underground space 4 to keep the illuminance of the underground space working surface at the standard value; the fixed angle c maximizes the light distribution ratio.

[0082] Specifically, in this mode, the tilt angle of the Fresnel lens is θ = 90° - α - c, and the azimuth angle is φ = β, where α is the solar altitude angle and β is the solar azimuth angle.

[0083] If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is greater than the preset maximum reference illuminance value K2, it is determined that the lighting is sufficient, the underground illuminance compensation device 2 is stopped, and the deflection angle is adjusted to zero. At this time, the central axis of the Fresnel lens 11 is kept parallel to the direction of sunlight in real time.

[0084] Specifically, in this mode, the tilt angle of the Fresnel lens is θ = 90° - α, and the azimuth angle is φ = β.

[0085] If the outdoor direct illuminance data is within the range of [K1, K2], it is determined that the lighting is suitable, the underground illuminance compensation device 2 is stopped, and the deflection angle is dynamically adjusted according to the current outdoor direct illuminance data and the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle; the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle ensures that the illuminance of the underground space working surface is kept at the standard value.

[0086] Specifically, in this mode, the tilt angle of the Fresnel lens is θ = 90° - α - x, and the azimuth angle is φ = β, where x is the deflection angle, 0° <x<c。

[0087] Specifically, for a light guide module with defined structural parameters, the fixed angle c used to maximize the light distribution ratio between the light guide and the photovoltaic system is determined by the specific structural parameters of the focusing module and the light guide mechanism 14. Different combinations of focusing modules and light guide mechanisms 14 result in different fixed angles c. By building a system model in simulation software, under the same outdoor direct illuminance, the average illuminance of the underground working surface is observed by deflecting the central axis of the Fresnel lens at different angles. When the average illuminance is at its maximum, the deflection angle at this point is the fixed angle c.

[0088] The minimum reference illuminance value K1 and the maximum reference illuminance value K2 can be determined as follows: Under the condition that the deflection angle is adjusted to a fixed angle c, the outdoor direct illuminance is scanned to simulate and obtain the minimum reference illuminance value K1 that just makes the illuminance of the underground space working surface reach the standard value; Under the condition that the deflection angle is adjusted to zero, the outdoor direct illuminance is scanned to simulate and obtain the maximum reference illuminance value K2 that just makes the illuminance of the underground space working surface reach the standard value. Alternatively, first, a set value for outdoor direct illuminance is taken, and simulation is performed under the condition of zero deflection angle to obtain the corresponding fiber optic end energy value. Based on the obtained fiber optic end energy value and the set value for outdoor direct illuminance, the ratio of fiber optic end energy to outdoor direct illuminance under the condition of zero deflection angle is calculated. Then, the energy required for the fiber optic end to achieve the standard value of 300 lx for the illuminance of the underground space working surface is obtained through simulation. Finally, the outdoor direct illuminance value K2 that achieves the standard value of 300 lx for the underground space working surface under the condition of zero deflection angle is obtained by dividing the energy required for the fiber optic end by the above ratio. The process of simulating the minimum reference illuminance value K1 is the same as the process of simulating the maximum reference illuminance value K2, except that the deflection angle is set to a fixed angle c. Therefore, it will not be described again.

[0089] In one particular embodiment, the system employs the main structural parameters shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1 Main structural parameters of the system in this embodiment

[0091]

[0092] This embodiment adopts The software constructs and assembles the model, and then performs simulation after the construction is complete.

[0093] pass The software performs a simulation, setting the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance to 200W / m². 2 Under these conditions, the deflection angle was varied from 0° to 3.6° with an accuracy of 0.2° to obtain the average illuminance of the photovoltaic cell, the upper surface of the secondary concentrator, the fiber optic end, and the underground space working surface at different deflection angles. The simulation results are as follows: Figure 3 (a) to Figure 3 (h) and Figures 4 to 8 As shown. Among them. Figure 3 (a) to Figure 3 (h) shows the change in incident light as the deflection angle varies from 0° to 1.4° with an accuracy of 0.2°. From Figures 4 to 6 The simulation results show that the ratio of sunlight incident on the photovoltaic cell and the light spot guided to the end of the optical fiber changes under different deflection angles. This means the light distribution ratio between the light guide and the photovoltaic cell changes, consequently affecting the illuminance of the underground working surface. Combined with... Figure 7 It can be seen that when the deflection angle of the Fresnel lens is 1.4°, the illuminance of the underground space working surface reaches the maximum value, and at this time, the light distribution ratio of light guiding and photovoltaic is the largest. Therefore, the fixed angle c is 1.4°.

[0094] Through simulation by software, when the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance is set to 200 W / m 2 , changing the deflection angle with an accuracy of 0.1°, the energy at the end of the optical fiber at each deflection angle is simulated and obtained; according to the energy at the end of the optical fiber at each obtained deflection angle and the above outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data, the ratio of the energy at the end of the optical fiber to the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance at each deflection angle is calculated; in this embodiment, 300 lx is used as the standard value of the illuminance of the underground space working surface, and the energy required for the end of the optical fiber to make the illuminance of the underground space working surface exactly reach the standard value of 300 lx is obtained through simulation. By dividing the energy required for the end of the optical fiber by the ratio of the energy at the end of the optical fiber to the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance at each deflection angle, different outdoor direct sunlight illuminance values that make the illuminance of the underground space working surface exactly reach the standard value of 300 lx at each deflection angle are obtained. Among them, the maximum reference illuminance value K2 corresponding to the deflection angle of 0° is 384.78 W / m 2 , and the minimum reference illuminance value K1 corresponding to the deflection angle of 1.4° is 158.63 W / m 2 . As Figure 8 shown, taking the above different outdoor direct sunlight illuminance values as data points, the functional relationship between the preset outdoor direct sunlight illuminance and the deflection angle y = -199.81x 3 +375.11x 2 -451.86x + 384.78 is obtained by fitting these data points, where y represents the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data, x represents the deflection angle, and 0° < x < 1.4°. In other words, when the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data is within the range of [K1, K2], and the outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data and the deflection angle value satisfy this functional relationship in real time, the illuminance of the underground space working surface remains at the standard value.

[0095] In summary, based on the fact that the central axis of the secondary concentrator is kept consistent with the sunlight incident direction in real time, the control method of the present invention judges the working state of the Fresnel lens according to the real-time outdoor direct sunlight illuminance data, so that the Fresnel lens has a corresponding optimal deflection angle in different weather conditions, so as to realize the intelligent control of the concentrating light guiding - light supplementing system.

[0096] Compared to existing technologies, the method of this invention is flexible and adjustable. It uses real-time outdoor direct light illuminance data as input conditions. When the preset conditions are met, the Fresnel lens can be converted to different working states. For each working state, a fixed angle is set or the adjustment is made dynamically according to a function relationship, thereby maintaining a stable light environment in the underground space.

[0097] This invention provides a concept and method for a focusing-type light guiding and supplementing system and its control method that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a focusing light-guiding-supplementing system that can stably improve the quality of the light environment in underground spaces, characterized in that, The control method is implemented using a focusing light guide-supplement system. The light-concentrating light guide-supplement system includes: The secondary concentrator (13) has its central axis aligned with the sunlight in real time. A photovoltaic cell (12) is fixed on the top surface of the secondary concentrator (13); A Fresnel lens (11) is flip-mounted above the secondary concentrator (13). In the initial state, the central axis of the Fresnel lens (11) is collinear with the central axis of the secondary concentrator (13). Sunlight is focused once by the Fresnel lens (11), and part of the focused sunlight illuminates the photovoltaic cell (12), while the other part illuminates the area outside the photovoltaic cell (12) on the top surface of the secondary concentrator (13) and is then focused a second time by the secondary concentrator (13) before being directed into the underground space. When the Fresnel lens (11) is flipped, its deflection angle with the sunlight is changed, causing the focal position of the Fresnel lens (11) to move, thereby controlling the light distribution ratio between the light guide and the photovoltaic. Outdoor light intensity sensor, installed outdoors; And an underground illuminance compensation device (2), which is installed in the underground space and configured to be activated in a controllable manner to compensate for the illuminance of the underground space working surface; The system is configured to adjust the deflection angle according to the measurement value of the outdoor illuminance sensor so that the illuminance of the underground working surface is kept at a standard value, and to activate the underground illuminance compensation device (2) only when the maximum light distribution ratio still cannot maintain the standard value. The control method includes: The central axis of the secondary concentrator (13) is aligned with the sunlight in real time; Outdoor direct illuminance is obtained through an outdoor illuminance sensor; If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is less than the preset minimum reference illuminance value K1, it is determined that the lighting is insufficient. The deflection angle is adjusted to a fixed angle c, and the underground illuminance compensation device (2) is activated. The underground illuminance compensation device (2) performs light compensation on the underground space to keep the illuminance of the underground space working surface at the standard value. The fixed angle c maximizes the light distribution ratio. If the outdoor direct light illuminance data is greater than the preset maximum reference illuminance value K2, it is determined that the lighting is sufficient, the underground illuminance compensation device (2) is stopped, and the deflection angle is adjusted to zero. At this time, the central axis of the Fresnel lens (11) is kept parallel to the direction of sunlight in real time. If the outdoor direct illuminance data is within the range of [K1, K2], it is determined that the lighting is suitable, the underground illuminance compensation device (2) is stopped, and the deflection angle is dynamically adjusted according to the current outdoor direct illuminance data and the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle; the preset functional relationship between outdoor direct illuminance and deflection angle ensures that the illuminance of the underground space working surface is kept at the standard value.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed angle c is 1.4°, the standard value is 300 lx, the preset minimum reference illuminance value K1 is 158.63 w / m², the preset maximum reference illuminance value K2 is 384.78 w / m², and the functional relationship is y = -199.81x. 3 +375.11x 2 -451.86x+384.78, where y represents the outdoor direct illuminance data, and x represents the deflection angle, 0°. <x<c。 3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-guiding and supplemental lighting system also includes a storage battery (3), which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic cell (12) and provides power to the underground illuminance compensation device (2).

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell (12) is fixed to the center of the top surface of the secondary concentrator (13).

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-guiding and supplementary light system includes a deflection drive device, which is connected to the Fresnel lens (11) and is used to drive the Fresnel lens (11) to flip.

6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-guiding and supplementary light system includes a light guiding mechanism (14) and a light-emitting mechanism (16) installed in the underground space; the light guiding mechanism (14) connects the secondary concentrator (13) and the light-emitting mechanism (16); the light guiding mechanism (14) is an optical fiber and the light-emitting mechanism (16) is a diffuser.

7. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Fresnel lens (11), the photovoltaic cell (12), and the secondary concentrator (13) together constitute a concentrating module, and multiple concentrating modules are provided; the multiple concentrating modules are arranged in a rectangular array structure to form a concentrating module array; The system includes: A solar position sensor is used to detect the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle in real time. And a dual-axis linkage device for connecting with the concentrating module array, wherein the solar position sensor is disposed on one side of the dual-axis linkage device and connected thereto, the dual-axis linkage device being configured to adjust the position of each concentrating module in the array according to the measurement value of the solar position sensor so that the central axis of the secondary concentrator (13) in the concentrating module is kept in real time consistent with the direction of sunlight incidence.

8. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underground illuminance compensation device (2) includes: An indoor illuminance sensor (21) is used to detect the illuminance of the underground working surface in the underground space; Supplemental light source (22); And a lighting controller (23), which is electrically connected to the indoor illuminance sensor (21) and the supplementary light source (22) respectively. When the underground illuminance compensation device (2) is activated, the lighting controller (23) adjusts the illuminance of the supplementary light source (22) according to the comparison result between the measured value of the indoor illuminance sensor (21) and the standard value, and performs illuminance compensation on the underground space.

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