Reluctance topology rotor structure and permanent magnet synchronous machine

Abstract

An ultra-high reluctance topology rotor structure and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor structure comprising a rotor lamination having an outer circle, a magnetic field regulating unit being arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the magnetic field regulating unit having a magnetic pole center line coinciding with a geometric center line of the rotor lamination; the magnetic field regulating unit has N layers of magnetic steel groove structures arranged in stepped intervals; one layer of magnetic steel groove is arranged in the first layer, the one layer of magnetic steel groove having a connected one layer of magnetic steel region and one layer of air domain; three i layers of magnetic steel grooves are arranged in each layer from the second layer to the Nth layer. The scheme significantly improves torque density and wide-range efficiency, greatly enhances the weak magnetic expansion speed capability and the highest operating speed, reduces the amount of permanent magnets, effectively reduces the material cost, greatly reduces the peak current, reduces the capacity of the converter, and reduces the system cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor structure technology, and in particular to a reluctance topology rotor structure and a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In some practical applications of motors, it is required that they can output high torque under heavy load, have high speed under no-load, and not lose control during high-speed energy recovery.

[0004] Traditional asynchronous motors suffer from a sharp drop in efficiency under light loads due to rotor excitation losses, making it difficult to meet the demands of wide-range variable loads. Conventional permanent magnet motors are limited by insufficient reluctance utilization and weak field weakening speed-up capabilities, which can easily lead to excessively high back EMF and runaway during high-speed energy recovery. Therefore, traditional motors cannot meet the requirements of the above application scenarios.

[0005] In view of this, how to solve the problems of existing motors, such as difficulty in meeting the requirements of wide-range variable loads, insufficient magnetic reluctance utilization, and weak field weakening speed extension capability, has become the research topic to be solved by this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a reluctance topology rotor structure and a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Its purpose is to solve the problems of existing motors, such as difficulty in meeting wide-range variable load requirements, insufficient reluctance utilization, and weak field weakening speed extension capability. By using a stepped magnetic barrier design, the proportion of reluctance torque is significantly improved. Combined with the air gap magnetic field directional enhancement of the multi-layer magnet array, the efficiency, speed extension capability, and reliability are improved.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention adopts a technical solution as follows: providing a reluctance topology rotor structure, the rotor structure including a rotor lamination having an outer circle, and a magnetic field control unit arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the magnetic field control unit having a magnetic pole center line coinciding with the geometric center line of the rotor lamination.

[0008] The magnetic field control unit has N layers of magnetic steel groove structures arranged in a stepped manner, where N≥3, and the magnetic steel groove structures from the outer circle to the inner side are defined as the 1st layer, the 2nd layer to the Nth layer, and the layer number of the magnetic steel groove structure from the outside to the inside is marked as i=1,2,...,N.

[0009] The first layer contains a magnetic steel trough, which has a connected magnetic steel area and an air area. The two air areas are inclined towards the outer circle and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line, forming a U-shaped structure with the magnetic steel area.

[0010] Each layer from the 2nd to the Nth layer has three i-layer magnetic steel slots, including a middle i-layer magnetic steel slot in the middle and side i-layer magnetic steel slots symmetrically arranged on both sides. Magnetic isolation ribs are arranged between adjacent middle i-layer magnetic steel slots and side i-layer magnetic steel slots. The middle i-layer magnetic steel slot includes a connected middle i-layer magnetic steel area and a middle i-layer air area, with the middle i-layer air area symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line. The side i-layer magnetic steel slots each have a side i-layer magnetic steel area, an outer i-layer air area, and an inner i-layer air area that are inclined relative to the magnetic pole center line.

[0011] The inner and outer sides of the first-layer magnet area and the middle i-layer magnet area are both perpendicular to the center line of the magnetic pole.

[0012] The outer ends of the first-layer air domain and the outer i-layer air domain are both located close to the outer circle of the rotor lamination, and the outer ends of the first-layer air domain and the outer i-layer air domain are both arc segments concentric with the outer circle of the rotor lamination.

[0013] Each of the first-layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area contains a magnet.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention adopts a technical solution as follows: a reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor is proposed, wherein the motor includes a reluctance topology rotor structure as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0015] The design principle and technical concept of this invention are:

[0016] In this invention, by studying some problems existing in existing motors, such as the inability of existing motors to meet wide-range variable load requirements, insufficient reluctance utilization, and weak field weakening speed extension capability, and addressing the practical application scenarios of existing motors that require high torque output under heavy load, high speed under no-load, and no loss of control during high-speed energy recovery, the reluctance topology rotor structure of this invention was designed. The reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor using this reluctance topology rotor structure significantly improves the reluctance torque ratio through stepped magnetic barrier design, and improves efficiency, speed extension capability, and reliability by combining the air gap magnetic field directional enhancement of multi-layer magnet array.

[0017] To meet the specific scenarios and requirements mentioned above, this invention designs the motor rotor structure as a reluctance topology rotor structure. Magnetic field control units are arranged circumferentially on the rotor laminations. Each magnetic field control unit has an N-layer magnet slot structure arranged in a stepped pattern. The first layer contains a single-layer magnet slot with a magnet region and an air region. The two air regions are inclined outwards and symmetrically positioned on either side of the magnetic pole centerline, forming a U-shape with the single-layer magnet region. This U-shape is used to adjust the magnetic field strength and waveform formed by this layer of magnets. From the second to the Nth layer, each layer contains a middle i-layer magnet slot and symmetrically positioned side i-layer magnet slots on either side. The middle i-layer magnet slot includes a connected middle i-layer magnet region and a middle i-layer air region. Magnetic isolation ribs are provided between adjacent middle i-layer magnet slots and side i-layer magnet slots. These ribs are used to strengthen the rotor laminations and adjust the magnetic field waveform. Each side i-layer magnet slot has a side i-layer magnet region, an outer i-layer air region, and an inner i-layer air region that are inclined relative to the magnetic pole centerline. The air regions at these locations adjust the strength and waveform of the magnet in that layer. Furthermore, in this reluctance topology rotor structure, the inner and outer sides of the first layer magnet region and the middle i-layer magnet region are perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline. The outer ends of the first layer air region and the outer i-layer air region are located close to the outer circumference of the rotor laminations. The ends are all concentric arc segments with the outer circle of the rotor laminations. This geometric design balances reliable mechanical performance with excellent magnetic field waveform control. The innovative design of this reluctance topology rotor structure provides a high-reluctance permanent magnet motor solution, characterized by both high reluctance and low no-load back EMF. The high reluctance design offers extremely high torque capability, thereby reducing drive current and the capacity of the matching converter. The low no-load back EMF enables a higher constant power field weakening speed regulation range than traditional solutions, significantly improving torque density. The stepped magnetic barrier design significantly increases the reluctance torque ratio, and combined with the directional enhancement of the air gap magnetic field of the multi-layer magnet array, it improves efficiency, speed expansion capability, and reliability. By employing a stepped spacing layout of N-layer magnet slots, a geometrical design of each magnet slot structure, and a U-shaped / air domain combination to form a magnetic field control unit, ultra-high saliency ratio and extremely low no-load back EMF are achieved. This significantly improves torque density and wide-range efficiency, greatly enhances field weakening speed extension capability and maximum operating speed, reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, effectively reduces material costs, significantly reduces peak current, reduces converter capacity, and lowers system costs. Simultaneously, it ensures mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control. This technology is particularly suitable for applications with stringent requirements for efficiency, power density, speed range, cost, and high-speed safety (such as electric vehicle drives, mining truck electric wheels, high-speed spindles, servo systems, etc.).

[0018] The relevant content of this invention is explained as follows:

[0019] 1. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0020] 2. In the description of this application, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly defined. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] 3. In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] 4. In the above technical solution of the present invention, in the arc segment of the first air domain and the outer i-th air domain, the line connecting the inner point of the arc segment near the magnetic pole center line to the center of the outer circle of the rotor lamination has an angle θi with the magnetic pole center line. Where Zs is the number of stator slots, p is the number of motor pole pairs, and GCD(Zs,2p) is the greatest common divisor of the slot poles. The geometric positioning design of the arc segments in the first and outer i-th air domains is precisely controlled by the periodicity of slot pole matching, electrical angle mapping, and layering ratio. The angle θi parameter between the line connecting the inner point of each air domain to the center of the outer circle of the rotor lamination and its magnetic pole centerline is determined. This parameter improves torque density and suppresses vibration noise while ensuring magnetic field uniformity and mechanical reliability, further achieving ultra-high saliency ratio and extremely low no-load back EMF. GCD(Zs,2p) is the greatest common divisor of the slot poles, reflecting the periodicity of the slot pole matching and avoiding harmonic resonance.

[0023] 5. In the above technical solution of the present invention, the length of the arc segment of the first air domain of the current layer and the outer i-th air domain is 0.5 to 0.8 times the height of the magnet in the magnet slot structure of the current layer. With this specific ratio of the arc segment length of the air domain, the mechanical reliability is further improved, and the geometric positioning design of the arc segment of the first air domain and the outer i-th air domain is more advantageous, which is also more advantageous for the control of the magnetic field waveform.

[0024] 6. In the above technical solution of the present invention, the edges of each region in the first layer of magnetic steel groove and the i-th layer of magnetic steel groove that are relatively closer to the outer circle are defined as upper layer edges, and the edges that are relatively closer to the inner circle are defined as lower layer edges. In the magnetic steel groove structure from the 2nd layer to the Nth layer:

[0025] The angle between the upper edge of the side i-layer magnet region and the upper edge of the air layer ranges from -5° to 5°.

[0026] The included angle between the upper edge of the outer i-th layer air domain and the lower edge of the first layer air domain ranges from -5° to 5°.

[0027] The included angle between the two lower edges of adjacent outer i-layer air domains ranges from -2° to 2°, and the included angle between the lower edge of each outer i-layer air domain and the magnetic pole centerline ranges from 0° to 5°.

[0028] By designing the included angle range of each region as described above, the reliability of the geometric parameter design is further improved, ensuring that the magnets and air domains arranged between the N layers of magnet slot structures in the stepped interval layout can be effectively controlled. The magnetic field strength and magnetic field waveform can be adjusted to be most conducive to improving magnetic reluctance and low no-load back EMF, thereby achieving a constant power field weakening speed regulation range higher than that of traditional schemes and significantly improving torque density.

[0029] 7. In the above technical solution of the present invention, the distance between the upper edge of the first layer of magnet region and the outer circle of the rotor lamination is Ld1, the distance between the upper edge of the middle i-th layer of magnet region of the second layer and the lower edge of the first layer of magnet region is Ld2, and the distance between the upper edge of the middle i-th layer of magnet region of the third to Nth layers and the lower edge of the previous layer is Ldi, wherein the distances of Ld1, Ld2...Ldi increase sequentially;

[0030] The spacing values ​​of Ld2...Ldi are greater than 1.35 to 1.65 times the height of the magnetic steel groove in the middle i layer of the i layer, with a priority of 1.5 times.

[0031] By designing the spacing between the intermediate regions as described above, the sinusoidal nature of the air gap magnetic flux density is improved, the back EMF amplitude is reduced, and the maximum rotational speed is increased.

[0032] 8. In the above technical solution of the present invention, in the middle i-th layer magnetic steel groove of the second layer to the Nth layer, the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the second layer and the first layer magnetic steel groove is Ls2, and the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the third layer to the Nth layer and the lower edge of the previous side i-th layer magnetic steel region is Lsi.

[0033] The spacing between Ls1, Ls2...Lsi is 0.85 to 1 times the spacing between Ld1, Ld2...Ldi in the corresponding layer, with a maximum priority of 0.9 times.

[0034] By designing the spacing between the regions on the sides and combining it with the proportional design of the spacing between the regions in the middle, the sinusoidal strength of the air gap magnetic flux density can be further improved, the back EMF amplitude can be further reduced, the maximum rotational speed can be further increased, and the amount of permanent magnets used can be controlled to further reduce material costs.

[0035] 9. In the above technical solution of the present invention, in each i-layer magnetic steel groove, the inclination angle of the side i-layer magnetic steel region and the inner i-layer air region is consistent; the upper and lower edges of the middle i-layer air region and the middle i-layer magnetic steel region are parallel; this design is used to further optimize the geometric parameter design.

[0036] 10. In the above technical solution of the present invention, the lower edge of the first layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area and the side i-layer magnet area all protrude inward to form a positioning space for placing magnets. The first layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area and the side i-layer magnet area are all rectangular. This design further improves mechanical reliability and further meets the requirements of high-speed safety.

[0037] 11. In the above technical solution of the present invention, the lower edge length of the i-th layer magnet region of the second layer is greater than or equal to the lower edge length of the first layer magnet region, and the lower edge length of the i-th layer magnet region from the second layer to the Nth layer increases sequentially, so as to simultaneously ensure mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control, and to control the amount of permanent magnet used, thereby further reducing material costs.

[0038] Due to the application of the above-mentioned solution, the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] 1. The above-mentioned solution of the present invention addresses some problems existing in existing motors, such as their inability to meet wide-range variable load requirements, insufficient reluctance utilization, and weak field weakening speed extension capability. For some practical application scenarios of existing motors, which require high torque output under heavy load, high speed under no-load, and no loss of control during high-speed energy recovery, the present invention designs a reluctance topology rotor structure and a reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor using this structure. Through a stepped magnetic barrier design, the reluctance torque ratio is significantly improved. Combined with the directional enhancement of the air gap magnetic field of a multi-layer magnet array, the efficiency, speed extension capability, and reliability are improved.

[0040] 2. In the above-described solution of the present invention, in order to meet the above-mentioned special scenarios and special requirements, the rotor structure of the motor is designed as a reluctance topology rotor structure. A magnetic field control unit is arranged circumferentially on the rotor laminations. The magnetic field control unit has an N-layer magnet slot structure arranged in a stepped interval. The first layer contains a single-layer magnet slot with a single-layer magnet region and a single-layer air region. The two single-layer air regions are inclined towards the outer circle and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole centerline, forming a U-shaped structure with the single-layer magnet region. This is used to adjust the magnetic field strength and waveform formed by this layer of magnets. From the second layer to the Nth layer, a middle i-layer magnet slot and side i-layer magnet slots symmetrically arranged on both sides are provided. The middle i-layer magnet slot includes a connected middle i-layer magnet region. The rotor consists of a first-layer magnet area and a middle i-layer air area. Magnetic isolation ribs are set between adjacent middle i-layer magnet slots and side i-layer magnet slots. These ribs are used to strengthen the rotor laminations and adjust the magnetic field waveform. Each side i-layer magnet slot has a side i-layer magnet area, an outer i-layer air area, and an inner i-layer air area that are inclined relative to the magnetic pole centerline. The strength and waveform of the magnet in this layer are adjusted by the air areas. In this reluctance topology rotor structure, the inner and outer sides of the first-layer magnet area and the middle i-layer magnet area are perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline. The outer ends of the first-layer air area and the outer i-layer air area are close to the outer circle of the rotor laminations, and the outer ends of the first-layer air area and the outer i-layer air area are arc segments concentric with the outer circle of the rotor laminations. This geometric design balances reliable mechanical performance and excellent magnetic field waveform control.

[0041] 3. In the above-described solution of the present invention, a high-resistivity permanent magnet motor solution is provided by the innovative design of the reluctance topology rotor structure. This solution features both a high reluctance design and a low no-load back EMF. The high reluctance design provides extremely high torque capability, thereby reducing the drive current and the capacity of the matching converter. The low no-load back EMF enables a higher constant power field weakening speed regulation range than traditional solutions, significantly improving torque density. The stepped magnetic barrier design significantly increases the reluctance torque ratio, and combined with the air gap magnetic field directional enhancement of the multi-layer magnet array, it improves efficiency, speed expansion capability, and reliability. Furthermore, compared to conventional V-shaped or double-V structure reluctance designs that focus on optimizing magnetic field harmonic distribution, this application primarily uses multi-layer U-shaped magnets to increase the reluctance torque ratio, thereby widening the high-torque, high-speed, high-efficiency range while simultaneously considering harmonic and NVH optimization.

[0042] 4. In the above-described solution of the present invention, by using the stepped spacing of the N-layer magnet slot structure, the geometric spatial design of each magnet slot structure, and the combination of U-shaped / air domains to form a magnetic field control unit, ultra-high saliency ratio and extremely low no-load back EMF are achieved. This significantly improves torque density and wide-range efficiency, greatly enhances the field weakening speed extension capability and the maximum operating speed, reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, effectively reduces material costs, significantly reduces peak current, reduces converter capacity, and reduces system costs. At the same time, it ensures mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control. This technology is particularly suitable for application fields with stringent requirements for efficiency, power density, speed range, cost, and high-speed safety (such as electric vehicle drives, mining truck electric wheels, high-speed spindles, servo systems, etc.). Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure and stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor laminations and magnets for each pole in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor laminations in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the included angles of the arc segments in each layer of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the spacing between the magnetic steel domain and the air domain of each layer of the magnetic steel groove in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor laminations and magnets of each pole in a detailed embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor laminations in a detailed embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the included angles of the arc segments in each layer in a detailed embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the outline of the magnet domain and air domain of each layer of magnet slot in a detailed embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the spacing between the magnetic steel domain and the air domain of each layer of the magnetic steel groove in a detailed embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 The radial air gap magnetic flux density distribution of the rotor structure proposed in this embodiment of the invention;

[0054] Figure 12 The radial air gap magnetic flux density and harmonic content of each order of the rotor structure proposed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 13 The radial air gap magnetic flux density distribution is typical of conventional permanent magnet motors.

[0056] Figure 14 The harmonic content of each order of radial air gap magnetic flux density in a conventional permanent magnet motor;

[0057] Figure 15 The reverse electromotive force waveform of the rotor structure permanent magnet motor proposed in this embodiment of the invention;

[0058] Figure 16 This is the reverse electromotive force waveform of a conventional permanent magnet motor;

[0059] Figure 17 The waveforms of total torque, permanent magnet torque, and reluctance torque of the rotor structure permanent magnet motor proposed in this embodiment of the invention when the output torque is 6000 Nm.

[0060] Figure 18 The waveforms show the total torque, permanent magnet torque, and reluctance torque of a conventional permanent magnet motor with an output torque of 6000 Nm.

[0061] Figure 19 This is a contour plot showing the efficiency distribution trend of the rotor structure permanent magnet motor proposed in this embodiment of the invention in the speed-torque plane.

[0062] Figure 20 This is a contour plot showing the efficiency distribution trend of a conventional permanent magnet motor in the speed-torque plane.

[0063] The parts shown in the above attached diagram are illustrated below:

[0064] A. Rotor laminations; B. Motor stator; C. Magnetic field control unit;

[0065] 1. A single layer of magnetic steel channel;

[0066] 101. First-layer air region; 102. First-layer magnet area; 11. Lower edge of first-layer side air region; 12. Upper edge of first-layer side air region; 13. First-layer arc segment;

[0067] 2. Second-layer magnetic steel groove; 201. Outer second-layer air domain; 202. Side second-layer magnetic steel area; 203. Middle second-layer magnetic steel area; 204. Second-layer magnetic isolation rib; 21. Lower edge of the second-layer side air domain; 22. Upper edge of the second-layer side air domain; 23. Lower edge of the second-layer side magnetic steel domain; 24. Upper edge of the second-layer side magnetic steel domain; 25. Second-layer circular arc segment;

[0068] 3. Three-layer magnetic steel groove; 301. Outer three-layer air domain; 302. Side three-layer magnetic steel area; 303. Middle three-layer magnetic steel area; 304. Three-layer magnetic isolation ribs; 31. Lower edge of the three-layer side air domain; 32. Upper edge of the three-layer side air domain; 33. Lower edge of the three-layer side magnetic steel domain; 34. Upper edge of the three-layer side magnetic steel domain; 35. Three-layer circular arc segment;

[0069] 4. I-layer magnet slot; 410. Middle I-layer magnet slot; 411. Middle I-layer magnet area; 412. Middle I-layer air area; 420. Side I-layer magnet slot; 421. Side I-layer magnet area; 422. Outer I-layer air area; 423. Inner I-layer air area; 430. Magnetic isolation rib;

[0070] 5. Magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The present invention will be clearly described below with illustrations and detailed description. Any person skilled in the art who understands the embodiments of the present invention can make changes and modifications based on the technology taught in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0072] This invention addresses the problems of existing motors, such as difficulty in meeting wide-range variable load requirements, insufficient reluctance utilization, and weak field weakening speed extension capability. Specifically, it addresses the practical application scenarios of existing motors that require high torque output under heavy load, high speed under no-load, and no loss of control during high-speed energy recovery. The invention proposes a reluctance topology rotor structure and a reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor employing this structure.

[0073] Example 1, as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, a reluctance topology rotor structure disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a rotor lamination A, which has an outer circle. A magnetic field control unit C is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination A. The magnetic field control unit C has a magnetic pole center line that coincides with the geometric center line of the rotor lamination A.

[0074] The magnetic field control unit C has N layers of magnetic steel groove structures arranged in a stepped manner, where N≥3, and the magnetic steel groove structures from the outer circle to the inner side are defined as the 1st layer, the 2nd layer to the Nth layer, and the layer number of the magnetic steel groove structure from the outside to the inside is marked as i=1,2,...,N.

[0075] The first layer is provided with a magnetic steel trough 1. The magnetic steel trough 1 has a connected magnetic steel region 102 and an air region 101. The two air regions 101 are inclined towards the outer circle and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line, forming a U-shaped structure with the magnetic steel region 102.

[0076] Each layer from the 2nd to the Nth layer is provided with three i-layer magnetic steel slots 4, including a middle i-layer magnetic steel slot 410 located in the middle and side i-layer magnetic steel slots 420 symmetrically arranged on both sides. Magnetic isolation ribs 430 are provided between adjacent middle i-layer magnetic steel slots 410 and side i-layer magnetic steel slots 420. The middle i-layer magnetic steel slot 410 includes a connected middle i-layer magnetic steel region 411 and a middle i-layer air region 412, with the middle i-layer air region 412 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line. The side i-layer magnetic steel slots 420 each have a side i-layer magnetic steel region 421, an outer i-layer air region 422, and an inner i-layer air region 423 that are inclined relative to the magnetic pole center line.

[0077] The inner and outer sides of the first-layer magnet region 102 and the middle i-layer magnet region 411 are both perpendicular to the magnetic pole center line.

[0078] The outer ends of the first-layer air domain 101 and the outer i-layer air domain 422 are both located close to the outer circle of the rotor lamination A, and the outer ends of the first-layer air domain 101 and the outer i-layer air domain 422 are arc segments concentric with the outer circle of the rotor lamination A.

[0079] Each of the first-layer magnet area 102, the middle i-layer magnet area 411, and the side i-layer magnet area 421 contains a magnet 5.

[0080] In the above reluctance topology rotor structure, each part will be described.

[0081] In this reluctance topology rotor structure, the first layer of the magnet slot structure is provided with a magnet slot 1 having a magnet region 102 and an air region 101. The two air regions 101 are inclined towards the outer circle and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line, forming a U-shaped structure with the magnet region 102, which is used to adjust the magnetic field strength and magnetic field waveform formed by the magnet.

[0082] In this reluctance topology rotor structure, from the 2nd layer to the Nth layer, there are middle i-layer magnet slots 410 located in the middle and side i-layer magnet slots 420 symmetrically arranged on both sides. The middle i-layer magnet slot 410 includes a connected middle i-layer magnet region 411 and a middle i-layer air region 412. Magnetic isolation ribs 430 are arranged between adjacent middle i-layer magnet slots 410 and side i-layer magnet slots 420. The magnetic isolation ribs 430 are used to strengthen the rotor lamination A and adjust the magnetic field waveform. The side i-layer magnet slots 420 each have a side i-layer magnet region 421, an outer i-layer air region 422, and an inner i-layer air region 423 that are inclined relative to the magnetic pole center line. The strength and waveform of the magnet in this layer are adjusted by the air region.

[0083] Furthermore, in this reluctance topology rotor structure, the inner and outer sides of the first layer of magnet region 102 and the middle i-layer magnet region 411 are both perpendicular to the magnetic pole center line; the outer ends of the first layer of air region 101 and the outer i-layer air region 422 are both located close to the outer circle of the rotor lamination A, and the outer ends of the first layer of air region 101 and the outer i-layer air region 422 are both arc segments concentric with the outer circle of the rotor lamination A. This geometric design balances reliable mechanical performance and excellent magnetic field waveform control.

[0084] The reluctance topology rotor structure described above in this invention achieves ultra-high saliency and extremely low no-load back EMF by using a stepped spacing layout of N layers of magnet slots, geometric spatial design of each magnet slot, and a U-shaped / air domain combination to form a magnetic field control unit C. This significantly improves torque density and wide-range efficiency, greatly enhances field weakening speed extension capability and maximum operating speed, reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, effectively reduces material costs, significantly reduces peak current, reduces converter capacity, and reduces system costs. At the same time, it ensures mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the arc segment of the outer i-th layer air domain 422 of the first layer air domain 101, the line connecting the inner point of the arc segment near the center line of the magnetic pole and the center of the outer circle of the rotor lamination A has an angle θi with the center line of the magnetic pole. Where Zs is the number of stator slots, 2p is the number of motor pole pairs, and GCD(Zs,2p) is the greatest common divisor of the slot poles. The geometric positioning design of the arc segments in the first air domain 101 and the outer i-th air domain 422 is precisely controlled by the periodicity of slot pole matching, electrical angle mapping, and layering ratio. The angle θi parameter between the line connecting the inner point of each air domain to the center of the outer circle of the rotor lamination A and its magnetic pole centerline is determined. This parameter can improve torque density and suppress vibration noise while ensuring magnetic field uniformity and mechanical reliability, further achieving ultra-high saliency ratio and extremely low no-load back EMF. GCD(Zs,2p) is the greatest common divisor of the slot poles, reflecting the periodicity of the slot pole matching and avoiding harmonic resonance.

[0086] In another embodiment of the present invention, the length of the arc segment of the first air domain 101 of the current layer and the outer i-layer air domain 422 is 0.5 to 0.8 times the height of the magnet in the magnet slot structure of the current layer. With this specific ratio of the arc segment length of the air domain, the mechanical reliability is further improved, and the geometric positioning design of the arc segment of the first air domain 101 and the outer i-layer air domain 422 is more advantageous, which is also more advantageous for the control of the magnetic field waveform.

[0087] In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, the edges of each region in the first and second layers of magnetic steel grooves that are relatively closer to the outer circle (and also relatively closer to their magnetic pole center line) are defined as upper layer edges, and the edges that are relatively closer to the inner circle (and also relatively closer to their magnetic pole center line) are defined as lower layer edges. In the magnetic steel groove structure from the second layer to the Nth layer:

[0088] The included angle between the upper edge of the side i-layer magnet region 421 and the upper edge of the first layer air region 101 is in the range of -5° to 5°.

[0089] The included angle between the upper edge of the outer i-layer air domain 422 and the lower edge of the first layer air domain 101 is in the range of -5° to 5°.

[0090] The included angle between the two lower edges of the adjacent outer i-layer air domain 422 is in the range of -2° to 2°, and the included angle between the lower edge of each outer i-layer air domain 422 and the magnetic pole center line is in the range of 0° to 5°.

[0091] By designing the included angle range of each region as described above, the reliability of the geometric parameter design is further improved, ensuring that the magnets and air domains arranged between the N layers of magnet slot structures in the stepped interval layout can be effectively controlled. The magnetic field strength and magnetic field waveform can be adjusted to be most conducive to improving magnetic reluctance and low no-load back EMF, thereby achieving a constant power field weakening speed regulation range higher than that of traditional schemes and significantly improving torque density.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the upper edge of the first layer of magnet region and the outer circle of the rotor lamination is Ld1, the distance between the upper edge of the middle i-th layer of magnet region of the second layer and the lower edge of the first layer of magnet region is Ld2, and the distance between the upper edge of the middle i-th layer of magnet region of the third to Nth layers and the lower edge of the previous layer is Ldi, wherein the distances of Ld1, Ld2...Ldi increase sequentially;

[0093] The spacing values ​​of Ld2...Ldi are greater than 1.35 to 1.65 times the height of the magnetic steel groove in the middle i layer of the i layer, with a priority of 1.5 times.

[0094] By designing the spacing between the intermediate regions as described above, the sinusoidal nature of the air gap magnetic flux density is improved, the back EMF amplitude is reduced, and the maximum rotational speed is increased.

[0095] In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, in the middle i-th layer magnetic steel groove of the second layer to the Nth layer, the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the second layer and the first layer magnetic steel groove is Ls2, and the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the third layer to the Nth layer and the lower edge of the previous side i-th layer magnetic steel region is Lsi.

[0096] The spacing between Ls1, Ls2...Lsi is 0.85 to 1 times the spacing between Ld1, Ld2...Ldi in the corresponding layer, with a maximum priority of 0.9 times.

[0097] By designing the spacing between the regions on the sides and combining it with the proportional design of the spacing between the regions in the middle, the sinusoidal strength of the air gap magnetic flux density can be further improved, the back EMF amplitude can be further reduced, the maximum rotational speed can be further increased, and the amount of permanent magnets used can be controlled to further reduce material costs.

[0098] In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, in each i-layer magnetic groove, the inclination angle of the side i-layer magnetic region is consistent with that of the inner i-layer air region; the upper and lower edges of the middle i-layer air region and the middle i-layer magnetic region are parallel; this design is used to further optimize the geometric parameter design.

[0099] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower edges of the first layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area all protrude inward to form a positioning space for placing the magnet. The first layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area are all rectangular. This design further improves mechanical reliability and further meets the requirements of high-speed safety.

[0100] In another embodiment of the present invention, the lower edge length of the i-th layer magnet region in the second layer is greater than or equal to the lower edge length of the first layer magnet region. The lower edge length of the i-th layer magnet region from the second layer to the Nth layer increases sequentially, thereby ensuring mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control at the same time, and also controlling the amount of permanent magnet used, further reducing material costs.

[0101] The following detailed embodiment will be used to further illustrate the concept of a reluctance topology rotor structure with a 3-layer magnetic slot structure for each magnetic field control unit.

[0102] refer to Figures 6 to 10 In this detailed embodiment, each magnetic pole has a three-layer magnetic steel groove structure, and each magnetic steel groove is provided with a rectangular magnet.

[0103] The first layer includes a single-layer magnet slot 1, which comprises a connected single-layer magnet region 102 and a single-layer air region 101. The two single-layer air regions 101 are symmetrically positioned on either side of the magnetic pole centerline, tilted outwards, forming a U-shape with the single-layer magnet region 102. Each single-layer air region 101 has a lower edge 11, an upper edge 12, and a concentric arc segment 13 facing outwards. The inner point of the arc segment 13 (near the endpoint of the arc segment 13 on the magnetic pole centerline) forms an angle θ1 with the magnetic pole centerline. The single-layer magnet region 102 is rectangular, with both its inner and outer edges perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline. The lower edge of the single-layer magnet region 102 protrudes inwards to accommodate the rectangular magnets. The distance between the upper edge of the single-layer magnet region 102 and the outer circle of the rotor lamination A is Ld1.

[0104] The second layer contains three double-layer magnetic slots 2, including a central double-layer magnetic slot 2 and two symmetrically arranged side double-layer magnetic slots 2 on either side. Two layers of magnetic isolation ribs 204 are arranged between adjacent central and side double-layer magnetic slots 2. The two side double-layer magnetic slots 2 are inclined outwards and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole centerline, forming a U-shape with the central double-layer magnetic slot 2. The central double-layer magnetic slot 2 includes a connected central double-layer magnetic region 203 and a central double-layer air region. The inner and outer sides of the central double-layer magnetic region 203 are perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline, and the central double-layer air region is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole centerline. The side double-layer magnetic slots 2 have a side double-layer magnetic region 202, an outer double-layer air region 201, and an inner double-layer air region, all inclined relative to the magnetic pole centerline. The middle second-layer magnet region 203 has a lower edge 23 and an upper edge 24 of the second-layer side magnet domain. The included angle between the lower edge 23 and the upper edge 24 of the second-layer side magnet domain and the upper edge 12 of the first-layer side air domain ranges from -5° to 5°, and can be selected as -5°, -2°, 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. Both the middle second-layer magnet region 203 and the side second-layer magnet region 202 are rectangular. The lower edge of the middle second-layer magnet region 203 and the side second-layer magnet region 202 protrudes inward to accommodate the positioning rectangular magnet 5. Both the inner and outer edges of the middle second-layer magnet region 203 are perpendicular to the magnetic pole center line. The distance between the upper edge of the second-layer middle second-layer magnet region 203 and the lower edge of the first-layer magnet region 102 is Ld2, and the distance Ld2 is greater than 1.5 times the height of the magnet in the middle second-layer magnet region 203. The outer end of the outer second-layer air domain 201 is located near the outer circle of the rotor lamination A. The outer second-layer air domain 201 located on both sides has a lower edge 21, an upper edge 22, and a second-layer circular arc segment 25 concentric with the outer circle. The inner point of the second-layer circular arc segment 25 (the endpoint of the second-layer circular arc segment 25 near the center line of the magnetic pole) has an angle θ2 with its magnetic pole center line. The angle between the upper edge 22 of the second-layer air domain and the lower edge 11 of the first-layer air domain is in the range of -5° to 5°, and can be selected from -5°, -2°, 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. The angle between the lower edge 21 of the second-layer air domain and the center line of the magnetic pole is in the range of 0° to 5°, and can be selected from 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. The vertical distance between the upper edge 24 of the second-layer magnetic steel domain and the first-layer magnetic steel groove 1 is Ls2, and Ls2 is greater than 0.9 times the corresponding Ld2.

[0105] The third layer contains three three-layer magnetic steel slots 3, including a central three-layer magnetic steel slot 3 and two symmetrically arranged side three-layer magnetic steel slots 3 on both sides. Three layers of magnetic isolation ribs 304 are arranged between adjacent central and side three-layer magnetic steel slots 3. The two side three-layer magnetic steel slots 3 are inclined outwards and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole centerline, forming a U-shaped structure with the central three-layer magnetic steel slot 3. The central three-layer magnetic steel slot 3 includes a connected central three-layer magnetic steel region 303 and a central three-layer air region. The inner and outer sides of the central three-layer magnetic steel region 303 are perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline, and the central three-layer air region is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole centerline. The side three-layer magnetic steel slots 3 have a side three-layer magnetic steel region 302, an outer three-layer air region 301, and an inner three-layer air region, all inclined relative to the magnetic pole centerline. The three-layer magnet region 303 has a lower edge 33 and an upper edge 34 of the three-layer side magnet domain. The included angle between the lower edge 33 and the upper edge 34 of the three-layer side magnet domain and the lower edge 23 and the upper edge 24 of the two-layer side magnet domain is in the range of -5° to 5°, and can be selected as -5°, -2°, 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. Both the middle three-layer magnet region 303 and the side three-layer magnet region 302 are rectangular. The lower edge of the middle three-layer magnet region 303 and the side three-layer magnet region 302 protrudes inward to accommodate the positioning rectangular magnets 5. The inner and outer edges of the middle three-layer magnet region 303 are perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline. The distance between the upper edge of the third-layer middle three-layer magnet region 303 and the lower edge of the second-layer middle magnet region 203 is Ld3, and the distance Ld3 is greater than 1.5 times the height of the magnets in the middle three-layer magnet region 303. The outer end of the outer three-layer air region 301 is located close to the outer circle of the rotor lamination A. The outer three-layer air domain 301 located on both sides has a lower edge 31, an upper edge 32, and a three-layer circular arc segment 35 concentric with the outer circle. The inner point of the three-layer circular arc segment 35 (the endpoint of the three-layer circular arc segment 35 near the center line of the magnetic pole) has an angle θ3 with its center line of the magnetic pole. The angle between the upper edge 32 of the three-layer air domain and the upper edge 22 of the second-layer air domain is in the range of -5° to 5°, and can be selected from -5°, -2°, 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. The angle between the lower edge 31 of the three-layer air domain and the center line of the magnetic pole is in the range of 0° to 5°, and can be selected from 0°, 2°, 5°, etc. The vertical distance between the upper edge 34 of the third-layer magnetic steel domain and the upper edge 24 of the second-layer magnetic steel domain is Ls3, and Ls2 is greater than 0.9 times the corresponding Ld3.

[0106] Example 3: This invention proposes a reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor. The reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor has a reluctance topology rotor structure as described in Example 1 or a detailed embodiment of this invention. The rotor structure is located on the motor shaft and within the cavity of the motor stator. An air gap is provided between the rotor structure and the motor stator. The motor stator has armature windings. The mating structure between the rotor structure and the motor stator can be referred to... Figure 1 As shown.

[0107] The following is a comparison between the reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor produced by the combination of the reluctance topology rotor structure proposed in this invention and the motor rotor, and a conventional permanent magnet motor.

[0108] Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 The comparison between the radial air gap magnetic flux density and harmonic content of the proposed solution and the traditional solution shows that the rotor structure proposed in this invention has a lower amplitude of air gap magnetic flux density and lower content of harmonics of orders 3, 5, and 7. Therefore, the embodiments of this invention can effectively reduce motor iron loss, improve motor efficiency during high-speed operation, and reduce motor vibration and noise.

[0109] Figure 15 , Figure 16 A comparison of the back EMF waveforms of the proposed solution and the traditional solution shows that the rotor structure proposed in this invention has a lower effective value and amplitude of back EMF, and the waveform is closer to a sine wave, which can reduce torque fluctuations during motor operation. At the same time, the peak back EMF at high speeds is also lower, effectively protecting the controller power module.

[0110] Figure 17 , Figure 18 The waveforms of the total electromagnetic torque, permanent magnet torque, and reluctance torque of the proposed solution and the traditional solution are shown below when the total output torque is 6000 Nm. It can be seen that, with the same total electromagnetic torque, the rotor structure proposed in this invention has a higher proportion of reluctance torque and a lower proportion of permanent magnet torque. Since the permanent magnet torque is mainly generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field produced by the permanent magnets, the lower proportion of permanent magnet torque indicates that this rotor structure can obtain the same electromagnetic torque with fewer permanent magnets.

[0111] Figure 19 , Figure 20 To compare the efficiency trends of the proposed solution and the traditional solution in the speed-torque plane under the same peak current and magnet quantity, a contour plot is shown. It can be seen that the motor with the rotor structure proposed in this invention has higher peak torque and peak speed, and the high-efficiency region is also significantly higher than that of the traditional solution.

[0112] Through the implementation of the above embodiments, by using the stepped spacing layout of the N-layer magnet slot structure, the geometric spatial design of each magnet slot structure, and the combination of U-shaped / air domains to form a magnetic field control unit, ultra-high saliency ratio and extremely low no-load back EMF are achieved. This significantly improves torque density and wide-range efficiency, greatly enhances the field weakening speed extension capability and maximum operating speed, reduces the amount of permanent magnets used, effectively reduces material costs, significantly reduces peak current, reduces converter capacity, and reduces system costs. At the same time, it ensures mechanical reliability and excellent magnetic field waveform control. This technology is particularly suitable for application fields with stringent requirements for efficiency, power density, speed range, cost, and high-speed safety (such as electric vehicle drives, mining truck electric wheels, high-speed spindles, servo systems, etc.), thus achieving the purpose of this invention.

[0113] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reluctance topology rotor structure, characterized in that: The rotor structure includes a rotor lamination having an outer circle, and a magnetic field control unit arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination having a magnetic pole centerline that coincides with the geometric centerline of the rotor lamination. The magnetic field control unit has N layers of magnetic steel groove structures arranged in a stepped interval, where N≥3, and the magnetic steel groove structures from the outer circle to the inner side are defined as the 1st layer, the 2nd layer to the Nth layer, and the layer number of the magnetic steel groove structure from the outside to the inside is marked as i=1,2,...,N; The first layer is provided with a magnetic steel trough, which has a connected magnetic steel area and an air area. The two air areas are inclined towards the outer circle and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line, forming a U-shaped structure with the magnetic steel area. Each layer from the 2nd layer to the Nth layer is provided with three i-layer magnetic steel slots, including the middle i-layer magnetic steel slot located in the middle and the side i-layer magnetic steel slots symmetrically arranged on both sides. Magnetic isolation ribs are provided between adjacent middle i-layer magnetic steel slots and side i-layer magnetic steel slots. The middle i-layer magnet slot includes a connected middle i-layer magnet area and a middle i-layer air domain, with the middle i-layer air domain symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic pole center line. Each of the i-th layer magnet slots has a i-th layer magnet region, an outer i-th layer air region, and an inner i-th layer air region that are inclined relative to the center line of the magnetic pole. The inner and outer sides of the first-layer magnet region and the middle i-layer magnet region are both perpendicular to the magnetic pole centerline; The outer ends of the first-layer air domain and the outer i-layer air domain are both located close to the outer circle of the rotor lamination, and the outer ends of the first-layer air domain and the outer i-layer air domain are both arc segments concentric with the outer circle of the rotor lamination. Each of the first-layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area contains a magnet. In the arc segment of the first air domain and the outer i-th air domain, the line connecting the inner point of the arc segment closest to the magnetic pole centerline and the center of the outer circle of the rotor lamination has an angle θi with the magnetic pole centerline. Where Zs is the number of stator slots, p is the number of motor pole pairs, and GCD(Zs,2p) is the greatest common divisor of the number of slot poles; The length of the arc segment of the first air domain of the current layer and the outer i-th air domain is 0.5 to 0.8 times the height of the magnet in the corresponding magnet slot structure of the current layer; In the first and second layers of the magnetic steel channel, the edges of each region that are relatively closer to the outer circle are defined as upper layer edges, and the edges that are relatively closer to the inner circle are defined as lower layer edges. In the magnetic steel channel structure from the second layer to the Nth layer: The angle between the upper edge of the side i-layer magnet region and the upper edge of the air layer ranges from -5° to 5°. The angle between the lower edge of each outer i-layer air domain and the center line of the magnetic pole ranges from 0° to 5°.

2. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the upper edge of the outer i-th layer air domain and the lower edge of the first layer air domain ranges from -5° to 5°. The included angle between the two lower edges of the adjacent outer i-layer air domain ranges from -2° to 2°.

3. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the upper edge of the first layer of magnet region and the outer circle of the rotor lamination is Ld1. The distance between the upper edge of the middle i layer of magnet region in the second layer and the lower edge of the first layer of magnet region is Ld2. The distance between the upper edge of the middle i layer of magnet region in the third to Nth layers and the lower edge of the previous layer is Ldi. The distances of Ld1, Ld2...Ldi increase sequentially. The spacing values ​​of Ld2...Ldi are 1.35 to 1.65 times greater than the height of the magnetic steel groove in the middle i layer of the i layer.

4. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing values ​​of Ld2...Ldi are greater than 1.5 times the height of the magnetic steel groove in the middle i layer of the i layer.

5. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the middle i-th layer of the magnetic steel groove from the 2nd layer to the Nth layer, the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the 2nd layer and the first layer magnetic steel groove is Ls2, and the vertical distance between the upper edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the 3rd layer to the Nth layer and the lower edge of the side i-th layer magnetic steel region of the previous layer is Lsi. The spacing between Ls1, Ls2...Lsi is 0.85 to 1 times the spacing between Ld1, Ld2...Ldi in the corresponding layer.

6. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing between Ls1, Ls2...Lsi is 0.9 times the spacing between Ld1, Ld2...Ldi in the corresponding layer.

7. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each of the i-layer magnetic steel grooves, the tilt angle of the side i-layer magnetic steel region is consistent with that of the inner i-layer air region; The upper and lower edges of the middle i-layer air domain and the middle i-layer magnet region are parallel.

8. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower edges of the first-layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area all protrude inward to form a positioning space for placing magnets. The first-layer magnet area, the middle i-layer magnet area, and the side i-layer magnet area are all rectangular.

9. The reluctance topology rotor structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the lower edge of the i-th layer magnet region in the second layer is greater than or equal to the length of the lower edge of the first layer magnet region. The length of the lower edge of the i-th layer magnet region from the second layer to the Nth layer increases sequentially.

10. A reluctance permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: The motor includes a reluctance topology rotor structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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