Rice plot seed-metering device capable of adjusting seeding rate and clearing seeds instantly

Abstract

The invention provides a rice plot seed-metering device capable of adjusting the seeding rate and clearing seeds immediately. The rice plot seed-metering device comprises a shell, a seed-metering disc, a seed clearing structure and a seeding rate adjusting mechanism. Wherein the shell is provided with a seed cleaning port connected with the seed cleaning structure, and a switch mechanism is further arranged at the seed cleaning port and can control the seed cleaning port to realize immediate seeding interruption. The seed-metering disc is of a periodic hole array disc structure, the seeding rate adjusting mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism and a guide head, and the movement path of the guide head intersects with the movement path of a seed suction port of the seed-metering disc. Through the design of the seed-metering disc and the combination of the arc-shaped channel arranged on the guide head, the quantity of seeds passing through the arc-shaped channel in the hole array can be flexibly switched, so that the seeding rate is accurately controlled to meet the requirements of different rice varieties; the seed cleaning structure is provided with a switching mechanism which can control a seed cleaning port to realize immediate sowing interruption, so that the aisle of a plot is ensured to be regular, and the problems of single sowing amount, incomplete seed cleaning and low sowing interruption precision of a traditional seed metering device are effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to a rice plot seed metering device with adjustable seeding quantity and instant seed cleaning. BACKGROUND

[0002] Breeding work is of key significance to food security. In the breeding process, plot seeding is a core operation mode. Unlike field seeding, which aims to scale yield, plot seeding mainly serves the cultivation and selection of different varieties of crops by breeding experts, and requires precise seeding of different genotypes of seeds according to pre-set area division. The core requirement is to avoid seed mixing between different varieties, while meeting the needs of precision control of seeding quantity for different varieties. With the continuous development of breeding technology, mechanized plot seeding has gradually replaced traditional manual seeding. As the core component of plot seeding machinery, the performance of the seed metering device directly determines the seeding accuracy, operation efficiency and accuracy of breeding tests.

[0003] Currently, the seed metering devices for plot seeding on the market mainly adopt an air suction structure. Such seed metering devices usually include three core modules, namely, an active seed changing mechanism, a precision seed metering mechanism and an automatic seed unloading mechanism. The active seed changing mechanism is responsible for storing seeds of different varieties and realizing variety switching, and seeds are delivered to the precision seed metering mechanism through an openable and closable seed dropping port. The precision seed metering mechanism is the key to realizing precise seeding, and is internally provided with a seed filling chamber. A seed suction disc with suction holes is installed in the seed filling chamber. The seed metering disc is in communication with an external suction unit through a negative pressure port on the shell, and single or multiple seeds are grabbed by using negative pressure suction, and then the seeds are discharged through an openable and closable seed unloading port. The automatic seed unloading mechanism receives the remaining seeds dropped from the seed discharge port through a residual seed collection box to reduce seed waste. The seed metering disc adopts a multi-hole structure design, and the uniform adsorption of seeds is realized through the distribution of the holes. Such structure has been relatively mature in the seed metering of large-seeded crops such as corn and soybeans, but when applied to rice seeds, the adaptability of the existing structure still has obvious deficiencies due to the characteristics of small and irregular shape of rice seeds and easy disordered stacking.

[0004] On the one hand, from the perspective of seeding quantity adjustment, the existing air suction type rice plot seed metering device generally has the problem of single seeding quantity. Taking rice breeding as an example, there is a significant difference in the demand for single-hole seeding quantity between hybrid rice and conventional rice, which is due to the different germination rate characteristics and growth habits of the two, and the seeding quantity control of the seed metering device needs to be matched with the corresponding agricultural requirements. However, the existing seed metering disc hole layout is single, and the negative pressure control parameters are difficult to adjust flexibly, so there is no special seeding quantity adjustment structure, and the seeding quantity cannot be quickly switched according to the type of seeds. If the seeding variety needs to be changed, different specifications of seed metering discs often need to be manually disassembled and replaced, which is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also prone to reduce the accuracy of seeding quantity control due to human operation errors, affecting the comparability of growth data of different varieties in breeding tests.

[0005] On the other hand, in terms of seed cleaning effect, the existing seed cleaning structure design is difficult to meet the cleaning needs of rice seeds. Due to the small size, smooth surface and easy adhesion of rice seeds, the existing seed cleaning structure has a sudden change in the inner diameter or a step structure in the channel, and the connection part between the suction port and the channel lacks smooth transition treatment, which causes the seeds to be easily retained or stuck in the channel during the cleaning process, and the remaining seeds in the seed filling chamber and the seed dropping area cannot be completely removed. This incomplete cleaning problem can cause different varieties of seeds and residual seeds to mix during subsequent seeding, resulting in a decrease in the purity of the varieties, which can interfere with the observation and selection of the target variety traits in breeding tests, and in severe cases, it can cause the entire breeding test data to be invalid, increasing the breeding cost and time period.

[0006] In addition, the existing technology also has obvious defects in the accuracy of the seed control. The passageway width between the plots must be consistent in order to ensure clear plot division, convenient field management and accurate subsequent trait investigation. However, the existing design needs to wait for the remaining seeds that have been adsorbed on the seed sowing disc to be completely discharged to the seed dropping area before stopping the operation and switching to the next plot, which cannot achieve instant seed control. This delayed seed control can cause the seed dropping area of adjacent plots to overlap, or the passageway width between plots to be uneven, which not only destroys the regularity of plot division, but also can interfere with the growth environment of different varieties during subsequent irrigation, fertilization and pest control, affecting the accuracy of breeding data. These problems not only increase the cost of manual intervention in breeding operations and reduce the efficiency of operations, but also threaten the accuracy and reliability of breeding tests, which is difficult to meet the high requirements of modern rice breeding on equipment performance.

[0007] In summary, the existing rice plot seed sowing device has the following problems: the seed quantity adjustment capability is insufficient, it is difficult to adapt to the different precision seeding needs of hybrid rice and conventional rice; the seed cleaning structure is not reasonably designed, which can cause seed sticking and incomplete cleaning, and cannot effectively avoid the risk of mixed seeds; and it lacks a structure design that can achieve instant seed control, which causes poor consistency of the passageway width between plots and affects the accuracy of breeding tests. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application provides a set of high integration, efficient seed cleaning structure and precise seed quantity adjustment mechanism, and a adjustable instant seed cleaning rice plot seed sowing device to solve the above problems.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: The present application provides a seed quantity adjustable instant seed cleaning rice plot seed sowing device, which comprises a shell, a seed sowing disc, a seed cleaning structure and a seed quantity adjustment mechanism. The shell is internally provided with a cavity, and the seed plate is installed; the cavity on one side of the seed plate is communicated with the external suction unit through the negative pressure port on the shell, and the cavity on the other side is respectively communicated with the seed inlet port, the seed cleaning port and the seed discharge port on the shell; the seed cleaning port is connected with the seed cleaning structure; The seed plate is a periodic hole array disc structure. The seed cleaning structure is provided with a seed cleaning port and a seed cleaning channel; the seed cleaning port is communicated with the cavity of the shell through a switch mechanism; the seed cleaning port is also communicated with the seed cleaning channel, and the seed cleaning channel is communicated with the seed collecting mechanism externally provided; The seed quantity adjusting mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism and a guide head; the guide head is slidingly connected with the shell through the lifting mechanism; the guide head is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped channels, and the widths of the plurality of arc-shaped channels are not all the same or all different; the movement path of the guide head intersects with the movement path of the seed suction port of the seed plate.

[0010] Further, the guide head includes a first arc-shaped channel and a second arc-shaped channel; The first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are separated by a middle convex rib; The outer sides of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are each provided with a seed guiding tooth; the seed guiding tooth is a boss structure, the top surface of which is overlapped or gap-fitted with the seed plate; the cross section of the seed guiding tooth is conical in profile, and the tip thereof is arranged to face the movement direction of the seed suction port.

[0011] Further, the outer sides of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are each provided with a plurality of seed guiding teeth, and the seed guiding teeth are uniformly distributed along the outer edges of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel.

[0012] Further, the convex rib is a fan ring structure; The cross section of the convex rib is trapezoidal in profile, and the corners thereof are processed into rounded corner structures.

[0013] Further, the seed plate is a disc structure, and a plurality of hole arrays are periodically distributed on the surface thereof in the circumferential direction; Each hole array is arrayed with a plurality of seed suction ports; The array pattern of the seed suction ports in each hole array is a polygonal structure.

[0014] Further, the shell is provided with a slot, and the guide head is slidingly installed in the slot; The lifting mechanism is a push rod motor; the push rod motor is installed on the outer side surface of the shell, and the movable end of the push rod motor is connected with the guide head through an adapter.

[0015] Further, the shell is internally provided with a seed storage area, and the seed storage area is communicated with the seed inlet port above through a slope slide; The bottom of the seed storage area is provided with an electrically-controlled overturning seed storage area baffle; the lower side of the seed storage area baffle is provided with a first seed cleaning port, and the first seed cleaning port is communicated with the seed cleaning channel.

[0016] Further, the upper surface of the seed storage area baffle is provided with a slope structure, and the slope bottom overlaps the seed sowing disc; The slope structure connects the end of the seed storage area baffle through a lateral lofted curved surface.

[0017] Further, the upper side of the seed sowing port is provided with a seed dropping area, and the lateral side of the seed dropping area is provided with a second seed cleaning port; The seed dropping area is provided with an electrically-controlled overturning seed dropping area baffle, and the installation position of the seed dropping area baffle is respectively located on the lateral side of the seed sowing port and the second seed cleaning port; The second seed cleaning port is communicated with the seed cleaning channel.

[0018] Further, the shell is provided with a ventilation hole, and the ventilation hole is communicated with at least the seed cleaning channel; The seed cleaning channel is a circular tube structure with one end closed, and is provided with a plurality of seed cleaning ports; Each seed cleaning port is respectively provided with an independently-controlled switch mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: The application can guarantee the uniformity of seed adsorption through the periodic hole array disc structure design of the seed sowing disc, and the guide head of the seed quantity adjusting mechanism is connected with the shell through a lifting mechanism, the guide head is provided with an arc-shaped channel, and the movement path of the guide head intersects with the movement path of the seed sowing port of the seed sowing disc, the number of seeds passing through the arc-shaped channel in the hole array can be flexibly switched, the seed quantity can be accurately controlled, and the needs of different rice varieties can be met; the seed cleaning structure is provided with a seed cleaning port and a seed cleaning channel, the seed cleaning channel is communicated with an external seed collecting mechanism, the remaining seeds can be efficiently collected, the switch mechanism can control the seed cleaning port to realize instant seed breaking, the passage of the plot can be guaranteed to be neat, and the problems of single seed quantity of the traditional seed sowing device, incomplete seed cleaning, and low seed breaking precision can be effectively solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front side perspective view of the seed sowing device in the specific embodiment of the application. Figure 2 It is a rear side perspective view of the seed sowing device in the specific embodiment of the application. Figure 3 Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first housing in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 Figure 2 is a perspective view of a second housing in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Figure 3 is a left isometric view of the interior of the second housing in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Figure 4 is a right isometric view of the interior of the second housing in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Figure 5 is a perspective view of a seed storage area baffle in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 Figure 6 is a perspective view of the rear side of the second housing in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a seed cleaning channel in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 Figure 8 is a perspective view of a lifting mechanism in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Figure 9 is a structure view of a guide head mounting position in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 Figure 10 is a view of the cooperation between a guide head and a seed sowing disc in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 13 Figure 11 is a perspective view of a guide head in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 14 Figure 12 is a partial view of the cooperation between a guide head and a seed sowing disc in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 15(a) is a view of the position relationship between a guide head and a seed sowing disc in a single-seed sowing scenario in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 15(b) is a view of the position relationship between a guide head and a seed sowing disc in a two-seed sowing scenario in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 15(c) is a view of the position relationship between a guide head and a seed sowing disc in a single-seed sowing scenario in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In the figure: 1, the first shell, 2, the second shell, 3, the seed inlet, 4, the negative pressure port, 5, the seed cleaning structure, 6, the seed plate, 101, the negative pressure cavity, 201, the slope slide, 202, the notch, 203, the lifting mechanism, 204, the guide head, 205, the partition, 206, the seed storage area baffle, 207, the seed drop area baffle, 208, the first steering wheel, 209, the second steering wheel, 210, the power shaft, 2031, the vertical rod, 2032, the horizontal rod, 2033, the push rod motor, 2041, the sliding block, 2042, the arc-shaped groove, 2043, the first seed guide tooth, 2044, the first arc-shaped channel, 2045, the convex rib, 2046, the second seed guide tooth, 2047, the second arc-shaped channel, 2061, the columnar part, 2062, the lofted curved surface, 2063, the slope structure, 501, the seed collection port, 502, the seed cleaning slope, 601, the seed suction port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the relative relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like is based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific position, thus cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0026] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0028] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the methods used in this application are conventional methods; and the raw materials and equipment used are, unless otherwise specified, conventional commercially available products.

[0029] This application provides a rice plot seed metering device with adjustable seeding rate and real-time seed clearing, such as... Figures 1-14 As shown, it mainly includes a shell, a seed metering disc, a seed cleaning structure, and a seeding rate adjustment mechanism.

[0030] In this embodiment, the housing adopts a split structure, including a first housing 1 and a second housing 2. Both the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 are disc-shaped structures, and the two housings are connected by splicing. Flange-shaped flanges are provided at the joint surfaces, and the two flanges are fixed by bolts.

[0031] A cavity is formed between the first shell 1 and the second shell 2, and a seed metering disc 6 is installed thereon. Thus, the seed metering disc 6 divides the cavity into two parts: a negative pressure chamber and a seed filling chamber.

[0032] The first housing 1 has a C-shaped negative pressure chamber 101, which is connected to an external suction unit, such as a negative pressure fan, through a tubular negative pressure port 4. The suction unit can generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 101, thereby causing the seed suction port 601 on the seed metering tray 6 to adsorb seeds.

[0033] The inner side of the second housing 2 has a recessed platform structure, and a seed filling chamber corresponding to the negative pressure chamber is divided by a partition 205. The partition 205 forms an eaves structure, with the central area unaffected by the negative pressure. A power shaft 210 is installed there, and the seed metering disc 6 and the power shaft 210 are coaxially fixed together. The power shaft 210 extends out of the back of the second housing 2 and connects to an external drive unit. In this embodiment, the drive unit includes a servo motor and a reducer. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially fixed to the input shaft of the reducer, and the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the power shaft 210 through a coupling to drive the seed metering disc 6 to rotate precisely. The back of the second housing 2 has a vertical square tube structure seed inlet 3, which is connected to an external seed storage or seed exchange mechanism to receive the seeds required for the task. The second housing 2 also has a seed cleaning port and a seed metering port.

[0034] The right end of the seed filling cavity is processed to open to connect the seed inlet 3, and the connecting part is processed to be a slope slide 201 to quickly receive the falling seeds without stagnation. Correspondingly, a switch mechanism is installed on the lower side of the roof structure on the right side of the partition 205, which is a seed storage area baffle 206. The root of the seed storage area baffle 206 is designed as a cylindrical part 2061, which is installed with a rotating shaft and connected to the first steering engine 208 fixed on the back of the second shell 2. The seed storage area baffle 206 is a flat structure, and the upper surface is processed as a slope structure 2063, with the slope top on one side of the second shell 2 and the slope bottom on one side of the seed plate 6. When the seed storage area baffle 206 is in the seed storage position, the first steering engine 208 drives the seed storage area baffle 206 to be horizontal, and at this time the upper part of the seed storage area baffle 206 is the seed storage area, and the seeds falling from the seed inlet 3 are surrounded by the second shell 2, the seed storage area baffle 206 and the partition 205. When the seed storage area baffle 206 is in the seed cleaning position, the first steering engine 208 drives the seed storage area baffle 206 to be horizontal, and at this time the upper part of the seed storage area baffle 206 is the seed storage area, and the seeds falling from the seed inlet 3 are surrounded by the second shell 2, the seed storage area baffle 206 and the partition 205 to form the seed storage area. The front and back of the seed storage area baffle 206 are respectively in contact with the seed plate 6 and the second shell 2 to form a gap fit to block the seeds in the seed storage area from falling below. Further, in order to avoid the shape mutation position storing seeds, which is not conducive to seed cleaning, a lofted curved surface 2062 is used for continuous smooth transition between the cylindrical part 2061 and the slope structure 2063, and a variable diameter fillet transition is performed at the other end.

[0035] The seed cleaning structure 5 is provided with a seed cleaning opening and a seed cleaning channel, which is a cylindrical structure and is transversely arranged at the lower part of the second shell 2, and is connected to the inside of the second shell 2 through the first seed cleaning opening and the second seed cleaning opening. The lower part of the seed storage area baffle 206 is provided with the first seed cleaning opening for receiving the seeds falling from the seed storage area during the stop of the broadcast.

[0036] An opening is provided at the bottom left end of the seed filling chamber, serving as a seed discharge port. Since the seed filling chamber extends beyond the end of the negative pressure chamber in the left region, the seed discharge plate 6 loses its negative pressure after rotating to this position, causing the seeds on the plate to fall into the discharge port, thus forming a seed drop area. Correspondingly, a switching mechanism, specifically a seed drop area baffle 207, is also installed under the eaves structure on the left side of the partition 205. In this embodiment, a second seed cleaning port is machined beside the discharge port, and the seed drop area baffle 207 is vertically installed, with its base connected to a second servo motor 209 fixed to the back of the second housing 2 via a rotating shaft. The seed-dropping area baffle 207 has a flat plate structure. When the seed-dropping area baffle 207 is in the seed-discharging position, the second servo motor 209 drives the seed-dropping area baffle 207 to a vertical position. At this time, the seed-dropping area baffle 207 and the upper eaves structure prevent falling seeds from entering the second seed-cleaning port. When the seed-dropping area baffle 207 is in the seed-cleaning position, the second servo motor 209 drives the seed-dropping area baffle 207 to rotate and contact the inner side of the second housing 2. At this time, the seed-dropping area baffle 207 forms a slope to prevent falling seeds from entering the seed-discharging port and guides them into the second seed-cleaning port. Correspondingly, the front and rear sides of the seed-dropping area baffle 207 abut against the seed-discharging tray 6 and the second housing 2 respectively, forming a gap fit to prevent seeds from falling below through the gap.

[0037] The first and second seed cleaning ports connect to the seed cleaning channel below. In this embodiment, to reduce abrupt changes in geometry, a seed cleaning slope 502 is provided between the cylindrical seed cleaning channel and the seed cleaning ports to guide all seeds into the channel. A seed collection port 501 is provided at the end of the seed cleaning channel and connected to an external seed collection mechanism. One example of the seed collection mechanism is a grain suction machine, which uses negative pressure to suck out and collect the seeds from the seed cleaning channel.

[0038] In the above design, when the rice seed metering device in this embodiment performs seeding, such as Figure 5 As shown, the seed storage area baffle 206 is electrically controlled to flip to a horizontal position, while the seed dropping area baffle 207 is also electrically controlled to flip to a vertical position. When the rice plot seed metering device in this embodiment performs seed cleaning work, as... Figure 6 As shown, the seed storage area baffle 206 is electrically controlled to flip to a downward vertical position, while the seed dropping area baffle 207 is also electrically controlled to flip to an oblique position. Thus, by controlling the two baffles to switch between different positions via a servo motor, instant seed discontinuation and clearing can be achieved without waiting for the seed metering tray to fully rotate into position, and without requiring a complex structure to achieve the function. Combined with the roof structure and the geometric design of the baffles, obstructions in the seed path are significantly reduced, forming a smooth passage and ensuring a high recovery rate.

[0039] The seed sowing disc 6 is a periodic hole array disc structure; specifically, the seed sowing disc 6 is a disc structure, and a plurality of hole arrays are periodically distributed on the surface in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of seed suction ports 601 are arranged in each hole array; the seed suction port 601 is a through hole, and is connected with the negative pressure cavities and the seed filling cavities on both sides. Among them, the array pattern of the seed suction ports 601 in each hole array is a polygonal structure. In this embodiment, every three seed suction ports 601 form a group of array structure, which is arranged in a triangular manner, and each group is periodically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the seed sowing disc 6. Further, in each group of hole arrays, the three seed suction ports 601 form an isosceles triangle structure, the distance from the two seed suction ports 601 at the bottom to the center of the seed sowing disc 6 is the same, and the distance from the top seed suction port 601 to the center of the seed sowing disc 6 is greater than the distance from the two seed suction ports 601 at the bottom to the center of the seed sowing disc 6.

[0040] The sowing amount adjusting mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism 203 and a guide head 204. Among them, the main body of the lifting mechanism in this embodiment is a push rod motor 2033. The push rod motor 2033 is installed on the back of the second shell 2, the push rod of the push rod motor 2033 is connected with the guide head 204 through the upper adapter, the adapter includes a horizontal rod 2032 and a vertical rod 2031, and the horizontal rod 2032, the vertical rod 2031 and the motor push rod form an inverted U-shaped structure. An open slot 202 is processed on the top surface of the second shell 2, the guide head 204 is placed in the slot 202, forming a sliding structure, and the guide head is driven by the push rod motor 2033 to make lifting movement along the radial direction of the seed sowing disc 6, so that the movement path of the guide head 204 intersects with the movement path (circumferential movement) of the seed suction port 601 on the seed sowing disc 6.

[0041] The guide head 204 of this embodiment includes a sliding block 2041, an arc-shaped groove 2042 and a folded edge protrusion.

[0042] Among them, the sliding block 2041 is in sliding fit with the slot 202, and is fixedly connected with the upper vertical rod 2031. The front and rear sides of the sliding block 2041 are in gap fit with the slot 202.

[0043] The arc-shaped groove 2042 is in open structure at both ends, when the guide head 204 moves to the bottom, the arc-shaped groove 2042 coincides with the movement path of the seed suction port 601, and each seed suction port 601 can pass through the arc-shaped groove 2042 without obstacles.

[0044] The flange convex part is a flange structure with a front convex surface profile in the shape of a fan ring, and two arc-shaped channels, a first arc-shaped channel 2044 and a second arc-shaped channel 2047, are formed by a middle convex rib 2045. The convex rib 2045 is also in the shape of a fan ring, and its cross section is in the shape of a trapezoidal profile with rounded corners. Thus, the two separated arc-shaped channels also form a continuous and uniform structure. The top end of the convex rib 2045 is slightly connected to the seed plate 6 to prevent the guided seed from sliding off or being stuck in the gap. Further, the outer side of the first arc-shaped channel 2044 and the second arc-shaped channel 2047 are each provided with a seed guide tooth, a first seed guide tooth 2043 and a second seed guide tooth 2046, respectively. There are a plurality of first seed guide teeth 2043 uniformly distributed along the outer edge of the first arc-shaped channel 2044, and a plurality of second seed guide teeth 2046 uniformly distributed along the outer edge of the second arc-shaped channel 2047. Thus, the bottom surface of each arc-shaped channel is the end surface of the flange convex part, and the two sides of the channel are surrounded by the seed guide tooth and the convex rib 2045, respectively. Further, each seed guide tooth is in the shape of a convex platform with a top surface that overlaps or is in clearance fit with the seed plate 6; the transverse cross section of the seed guide tooth is in the shape of a tapered profile with the tip part facing the direction of movement of the seed suction port 601. The widths of the first arc-shaped channel 2044 and the second arc-shaped channel 2047 are different, and the width of the second arc-shaped channel 2047 is greater than that of the first arc-shaped channel 2044. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, the width of the channel in this embodiment is the distance from the root of the convex rib 2045 to the edge of the channel.

[0045] Further, the back surface of the second housing 2 of the present embodiment is processed with a ventilation hole, which provides airflow for the negative pressure environment, especially in the seed cleaning port working state, the airflow entering the seed cleaning channel drives the seeds into the seed collecting mechanism. A more preferred design is to appropriately tilt the installation position of the rice plot seed sowing device of the present embodiment, so that the seed cleaning channel has a certain inclination, thereby increasing the seed collection rate and efficiency.

[0046] In the above design, the principle of the precision adjustment function of the guide head 204 is as follows: As shown in FIG. 15(a), when single-hole three-seed sowing is required, the lifting mechanism 203 adjusts the position of the guide head 204, so that each group of hole arrays carries seeds through the wider second arc-shaped channel 2047, and the seeds are adjusted to a prone position by the second seed guide teeth 2046 and the convex rib 2045 on both sides, which is conducive to the stability of the seed suction by the seed suction port 601, and avoids the premature falling of the seed caused by suction fluctuation in the subsequent rotation.

[0047] Further, when the seed size is too large or no posture adjustment is required, the guide head 204 can be lowered to a low position, so that each group of hole arrays can pass through the arc-shaped groove 2042.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 15(b), when single-hole double-seed sowing is required, the lifting mechanism 203 adjusts the position of the guide head 204 so that the two seed suction ports 601 at the bottom of each group of hole arrays carry seeds through the first arc-shaped channel 2044, and the seeds are adjusted to a flat posture by the seed guiding teeth and the convex ridge 2045 on both sides, which is conducive to the stability of the seed suction by the seed suction port 601; while the seed suction port 601 at the top of each group of hole arrays is blocked by the first seed guiding tooth 2043 and slides back to the seed storage area.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 15(c), when single-hole single-seed sowing is required, the lifting mechanism 203 adjusts the position of the guide head 204 so that the seed suction port 601 at the top of each group of hole arrays passes through the arc-shaped groove 2042; while the two seed suction ports 601 at the bottom of each group of hole arrays are blocked by the first seed guiding tooth 2043 and slide back to the seed storage area.

[0050] Further, in the above structure, since the guide head 204 has a lifting motion, the curvature of the arc-shaped channel cannot completely adapt to the motion path of the seed suction port 601 at different positions, so the discontinuous multiple seed guiding teeth arranged on the side of the channel can ensure that at least one seed guiding tooth adjusts the posture of the seed when the height is adapted, solving the problem that the continuous slide is not easy to control the contact position with the seed, or the seed is easily pushed out of the seed suction port 601.

[0051] It should be further noted that in other embodiments, the number and array form of the seed suction port 601 in the hole array of the seed metering plate 6 can be adjusted according to the sowing amount, such as the case of single-hole sowing 4 seeds, adjusting the array form to a rhombus shape, and adjusting the number or width of the arc-shaped channel accordingly, so as to realize the requirement of adjustable 1-4 seeds.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Simple modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A rice plot seed metering device with adjustable seeding rate and instant seed cleaning, characterized in that, The seed sowing device comprises a shell, a seed plate, a seed cleaning structure and a sowing quantity adjusting mechanism. The shell is internally provided with a cavity, and the seed plate is installed in the cavity. The seed plate is a periodic hole array disc structure. The seed cleaning structure is provided with a seed cleaning port and a seed cleaning channel. The seed cleaning port is communicated with the cavity of the shell through a switch mechanism.

2. The seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The seed cleaning port is also communicated with the seed cleaning channel, and the seed cleaning channel is communicated with an external seed collecting mechanism. The sowing quantity adjusting mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism and a guide head. The guide head is slidably connected with the shell through the lifting mechanism.

3. The seed metering device according to claim 2, wherein, The guide head is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped channels, and the widths of the arc-shaped channels are not all the same.

4. The row seed meter of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The movement path of the guide head intersects with the movement path of the seed suction port of the seed plate. The guide head comprises a first arc-shaped channel and a second arc-shaped channel.

5. The seed metering device for rice according to claim 1, wherein The first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are separated by a middle convex rib. The outer sides of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are each provided with seed guide teeth. The seed guide teeth are in a convex structure, and the top surface is overlapped or gap-fitted with the seed plate.

6. The seed metering device for rice according to claim 1, wherein The cross section of the seed guide teeth is in a conical profile, and the tip is arranged in a direction opposite to the movement direction of the seed suction port. The outer sides of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel are each provided with a plurality of seed guide teeth, and the seed guide teeth are uniformly distributed along the outer edges of the first arc-shaped channel and the second arc-shaped channel.

7. The seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The convex rib is in a fan ring structure. The cross section of the convex rib is in a trapezoidal profile, and the corners are processed into rounded corner structures.

8. The seed metering device according to claim 7, wherein, The seed plate is in a disc structure, and a plurality of hole arrays are periodically distributed on the surface along the circumference. Each hole array is arrayed with a plurality of seed suction ports.

9. The seed metering device for rice according to claim 1, wherein The array pattern of the seed suction ports in each hole array is in a polygonal structure. The shell is provided with a slot, and the guide head is slidably installed in the slot. The lifting mechanism is a push rod motor.

10. The seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The push rod motor is installed on the outer side of the shell, and the movable end of the push rod motor is connected with the guide head through a adapter. The shell is internally provided with a seed storage area, and the seed storage area is communicated with the seed inlet above through a slope chute. The bottom of the seed storage area is provided with an electrically-controlled flip seed storage area baffle. The upper surface of the seed storage area baffle is provided with a slope structure, and the slope bottom is overlapped with the seed plate. The slope structure connects the end of the seed storage area baffle through a lateral lofted curved surface. The upper side of the seed plate is provided with a seed dropping area, and the lateral side of the seed dropping area is provided with a second seed cleaning port. The seed dropping area is provided with an electrically-controlled flip seed dropping area baffle, and the installation position of the seed dropping area baffle is respectively provided with the seed plate and the second seed cleaning port. The second seed cleaning port is communicated with the seed cleaning channel. The shell is provided with a ventilation hole, and the ventilation hole is communicated with at least the seed cleaning channel. The seed cleaning channel is a circular tube structure with one end closed, and is provided with a plurality of seed cleaning ports. Each seed cleaning port is provided with an independently-controlled switch mechanism.

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