Multifunctional Chinese chive seed harvesting machine and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of farming equipment, and discloses a multifunctional Chinese chive seed harvesting machine and an operation method thereof.The multifunctional Chinese chive seed harvesting machine comprises a rack, and the rack is provided with a sowing and applying device located at the rear end of a harvester; the harvesting device is arranged at the front end of the rack, and the storage device is arranged at the rear end of the seed harvesting machine and used for storing fragrant-flowered garlic, weeds, seeds or fertilizer; the garlic chive harvester is characterized by further comprising a conveying device arranged on the rear side of the harvesting device and used for conveying garlic chives or weeds; the conveying device comprises a direction calibration conveyor in butt joint with the harvesting device and a transverse conveyor in butt joint with the sowing and applying device. Materials enter the conveying device through the harvesting device, the direction of the materials is changed from a vertical state to a horizontal state through the orientation calibration conveyor, smooth conveying of the materials in the complex operation link is guaranteed through cooperative work of the orientation calibration conveyor and the transverse conveyor, the number of times of equipment replacement is effectively reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The integrated operation of harvesting, conveying, storing and sowing in the Chinese chive planting process is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and in particular to a multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, agricultural machinery automation and intelligence have become an inevitable trend in modern agricultural development. The new generation of information technology has provided strong support for the intelligentization of agriculture. As a crop with high and stable economic benefits, leeks are particularly suitable for large-scale off-season planting, thus placing higher demands on the mechanization of their sowing, weeding and harvesting processes.

[0003] Currently available leek planting equipment has several shortcomings: First, sowing and harvesting require separate specialized equipment, which not only increases equipment purchase costs but also necessitates frequent equipment changes during field operations, severely impacting work efficiency. Second, traditional harvesters mostly rely on manual pushing and guiding, which is not only labor-intensive but also makes it difficult to guarantee harvest quality. Third, existing equipment has limited functionality and cannot simultaneously meet the needs of auxiliary operations such as fertilization and weeding during leek cultivation. Furthermore, during harvesting, the processes of straightening, gathering, cutting, conveying, and storing leeks often require multiple machines working together, increasing operational complexity and increasing the risk of crop damage.

[0004] Of particular note are the significant shortcomings of existing equipment in post-harvest processing: firstly, the harvested chives lack effective conveying and storage devices, easily leading to crop accumulation and damage; secondly, sowing and fertilization typically require additional equipment, making integrated operations impossible. This poor efficiency severely restricts the development of large-scale chive cultivation and fails to meet the demands of large-scale chive planting and harvesting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine, including a frame on which are: a seeding device located at the rear end of a harvester; a harvesting device located at the front end of the frame; and a storage device located at the rear end of the planting and harvesting machine for storing leeks, weeds, seeds, or fertilizer; further comprising: A conveying device, located behind the harvesting device, is used to convey chives or weeds; wherein the conveying device includes a positional calibration conveyor for the receiving harvesting device and a transverse conveyor for connecting to the sowing device.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the sowing and fertilization device can perform sowing and fertilization operations. When harvesting chives or weeds, the material enters the conveying device through the harvesting device. The orientation calibration conveyor changes the orientation of the material from vertical to horizontal. The horizontal material is then conveyed to the transverse conveyor, which then conveys the material to the storage device for temporary storage. The coordinated work of the orientation calibration conveyor and the transverse conveyor ensures the smooth transfer of materials in complex operation links, effectively reduces the number of equipment replacements, and realizes the integrated operation of harvesting, conveying, storage and sowing in the chive planting process.

[0008] In some embodiments, the harvesting device includes: a gathering component connected to the front end of the frame, at least one set of which is provided for straightening and gathering chives or weeds; and a cutting component, which is provided one-to-one with the gathering component and performs a cutting operation through a cutting drive component.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the gathering component moves forward along the crop row during operation, and can gradually gather the fallen, tangled or messy leek stems and leaves or weeds to the predetermined position. After the material has completed the posture adjustment, the cutting component performs precise cutting under the drive component. The correspondence between the cutting component and the gathering component can ensure that the bundled crop is cut immediately after it is straightened, avoiding missed cutting or entanglement, and improving the harvesting efficiency of the crop.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gathering component includes a gathering assembly and a gathering unit, wherein the gathering assembly and the gathering unit form a gathering gap that allows chives or weeds to pass through; wherein the gathering assembly is composed of two gathering units with identical structures.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the aggregated unit is a quarter arc.

[0012] With the above technical solution, when the harvester moves along the crop row, the two gathering units in the gathering unit are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crop's path. The quarter-arc cross-sectional structure causes the crop to gather centripetally when it comes into contact with the gathering units.

[0013] In some embodiments, the convergence gap is a figure-eight shaped structure.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the "eight"-shaped gap formed between the gathered individual pieces and the gathered whole pieces has a gradual change in the front and back direction, which is wider at the front and narrower at the back. When the material stalk enters the gathering gap, as the width of the gathering gap gradually decreases, the stalk naturally gathers and remains upright, ensuring that crops in different growth stages can be accurately guided to the cutting area, thereby improving the harvesting efficiency of the harvester.

[0015] In some embodiments, the orientation calibration conveyor includes: two twisted members, both in a braided shape, with the area between the two twisted members forming a turning channel for conveying chives or weeds; a drive shaft assembly comprising two drive shafts that are vertically and horizontally offset; and a driven shaft assembly comprising two driven shafts that are inclined and spaced apart horizontally; wherein the drive shaft assembly and the driven shaft assembly are spatially perpendicular to each other; one end of each twisted member is connected to a drive shaft, and the other end is connected to a driven shaft.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, when the harvested material enters the turning channel, the spiral surfaces of the two twisting components guide the crop to turn in space. The drive shaft group drives the twisting components, and the driven shaft group provides support on the inclined plane, enabling the crop to complete orientation adjustment in three-dimensional space. The orthogonal arrangement of the drive shaft and the driven shaft makes the twisting components form a compound motion trajectory. The crop achieves continuous spatial posture changes in the turning channel, and finally enables the material to transition from a vertical harvesting state to a horizontal conveying state. This eliminates the disorderly accumulation of harvested material, ensures that the material maintains the predetermined arrangement direction during the conveying process, and reduces stem and leaf damage caused by posture disorder.

[0017] In some embodiments, one of the gathering gaps corresponds to one of the turning channels, the turning channel comprising: a primary turning channel, which causes the chives or weeds to gradually change from a vertical to an inclined state in the primary turning channel; and a secondary turning channel, which smoothly transitions from the primary turning channel, causing the chives or weeds to gradually change from an inclined state to a horizontal state in the secondary turning channel.

[0018] With the above technical solution, when harvested leeks or weeds enter the turning channel, they are first constrained by the inclined guide surface in the first-level turning channel, and the crop gradually changes from an upright state to an inclined state. At this time, the crop stem forms an angle with the conveying direction. Then the crop enters the second-level turning channel, and the crop gradually adjusts from an inclined state to a horizontal state. Finally, it enters the transverse conveyor in a horizontal state and enters the storage device from the transverse conveyor. The entire process is carried out by the staged posture adjustment of the two-level turning channels, so that the crop can be continuously and stably conveyed during the conveying process.

[0019] In some embodiments, the tilt angle of the driven shaft assembly is 30-60°.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, after the harvesting device completes the cutting, the chives or weeds enter the turning channel through the gathering gap. The driven shaft assembly is arranged at an inclination angle of 30-60°, so that the turning channel formed by the twisting component produces a gradual turning effect. When the material enters the turning channel, the orientation of the material gradually changes from a vertical state to an inclined state. Subsequently, in the secondary turning channel, the inclination angle continues to decrease until the material turns to a horizontal state. This angle range avoids material blockage caused by steep turns and also prevents excessively long conveying paths caused by gentle turns.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sowing device includes: a conveying and ploughing composite pipe, at least one of which is connected to the sowing device at the top and has a ploughing blade at the bottom; a seed and fertilizer distributing disc, disposed within the sowing device, for conveying seeds or fertilizers from the sowing device to the conveying and ploughing composite pipe; and a covering rake, rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame, for covering the seeds with soil.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, during the movement of the harvester, the plowing blade first cuts into the soil to form a planting trench. Seeds or fertilizers in the seed and fertilizer box are quantitatively fed into the conveying plowing composite pipe through the groove of the distributing disc, and then slide down the pipe to the bottom of the trench. The covering rake contacts the soil during the movement of the machine frame and pushes the loose soil on both sides of the trench into the trench to complete the covering operation. The whole process realizes trenching, sowing, and continuous operation; it realizes the integrated process of sowing, fertilizing, and covering, avoids the efficiency bottleneck caused by manual covering, and improves the working efficiency of the leek harvester.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention provides an operating method for a multifunctional leek harvester, comprising the following steps: aligning the gathering gap with the crop row direction and opening the drive assembly to enable the cutting component to perform a cutting operation; the harvested material passes through the primary steering channel and the secondary steering channel to change the crop from a vertical harvesting state to a horizontal conveying state; the transverse conveyor conveys the horizontally positioned harvested material to a storage device.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by integrating the sowing device, harvesting device, conveying device and storage device into one unit, the functions of sowing, harvesting, conveying and storing are effectively solved, thus solving the problems of single function and low operation efficiency of traditional equipment. It has the advantages of realizing integrated operation, reducing equipment replacement frequency, reducing crop damage and improving operation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 4This invention mainly illustrates the structural diagram of the aggregated single component; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the cutting component, which is the main feature of this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main conveying device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram showing the tortuous component, which is the main feature of this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvested material storage box of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-fertilizer box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding device, which is the main feature of this invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the seed and fertilizer distribution disc of the present invention; Figure 13 This invention mainly illustrates the structural schematic diagram of the composite pipe for conveying plowing. Figure 14 This invention mainly shows the installation diagram of the composite pipe for conveying plowing and the seed and fertilizer distribution disc; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil covering rake of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the transmission rod, which is the main feature of this invention.

[0026] The labels and names in the diagram correspond as follows: 1. Frame; 11. Gathering plate; 111. Gathering channel; 12. Support rod; 13. Transmission seat; 14. Mounting rod; 2. Seeding device; 21. Conveying and plowing composite pipe; 211. Plowing blade; 212. Rotating groove; 22. Seed and fertilizer distributing disc; 221. Arc-shaped material distributing groove; 23. Covering rake; 231. Covering frame; 232. Rake teeth; 3. Harvesting device; 31. Cutting drive assembly; 311. Cutting rotary drive component; 312. Cutting telescopic drive component; 313. Telescopic rod; 32. Cutting component; 33. Gathering unit; 331. Gathering gap; 332. Connecting rod; 4. Storage device; 41. Harvest storage box; 411. Movable cover; 412. Through hole; 42. Seed and fertilizer box; 421. Discharge port; 43. Second lock 44. Tightening bolts; 45. Mounting part; 46. Positioning plate; 5. Adjusting hole; 5. Conveying device; 51. Twisting component; 511. Steering channel; 5111. Primary steering channel; 5112. Secondary steering channel; 512. Drive shaft; 513. Driven shaft; 52. Conveyor belt; 521. First rotating shaft; 522. Second rotating shaft; 523. Conveying rotary drive component; 524. Second transmission belt; 6. L-shaped frame; 61. Horizontal bar; 62. Vertical bar; 63. Cutting slide bar; 631. Slide groove; 64. First extension rod; 65. Second extension rod; 66. Transmission rotary drive component; 7. Traveling device; 71. Front wheel; 711. Front wheel axle; 72. Rear wheel; 73. Transmission rod; 8. Transmission assembly; 81. Transmission rotary drive component; 82. First transmission belt; 83. Output shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] When describing positional relationships, unless otherwise specified, when an element, such as a layer, film, or substrate, is referred to as being "on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be intermediate elements present. Furthermore, when a layer is referred to as being "below" another layer, it may be directly below it or there may be one or more intermediate elements present. It is also understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it may be the only layer between the two layers, or there may be one or more intermediate elements present.

[0030] When using the terms “including,” “having,” and “comprising” as described herein, another component may be added unless explicitly qualifying terms such as “only,” “consisting of,” etc. are used. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms and should not be construed as having a quantity of one.

[0031] It should be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0032] It should also be understood that, in interpreting an element, although not explicitly described, the element is interpreted as including a range of error, which should be within the acceptable deviation range of a particular value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, "approximately," "about," or "substantially" can mean within one or more standard deviations, without limitation herein.

[0033] Furthermore, in the instruction manual, the phrase "planar distribution diagram" refers to the diagram when the target part is viewed from above, and the phrase "cross-sectional diagram" refers to the diagram when the target part is viewed from the side as a cross-section taken by vertically cutting the target part.

[0034] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative dimensions of the components are shown in the drawings only as examples and not necessarily to actual scale.

[0035] This application provides a multi-functional leek planting and harvesting machine, referring to... Figure 1 The system includes a frame 1, a seeding device 2, a harvesting device 3, a storage device 4, and a conveying device 5 mounted on the frame 1. The seeding device 2 is located at the rear end of the harvester and is used to transport seeds and fertilizers to the land. The harvesting device 3 is located at the front end of the frame 1 and is used to harvest chives or weeds. The storage device 4 is located at the output end of the conveying device 5 and is used to store chives, weeds, seeds, or fertilizers. The conveying device 5 is located behind the harvesting device 3 and is used to transport chives or weeds. The conveying device 5 includes a directional calibration conveyor for receiving the harvesting device 3 and a transverse conveyor for docking with the seeding device 2.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The harvesting device 3 includes a gathering component and a cutting component 32. The gathering component is connected to the front end of the frame 1 and at least one set is provided for straightening and gathering chives or weeds. The gathering component includes a gathering whole and two gathering single pieces 33. The gathering whole and the gathering single pieces 33 form a gathering gap 331 that allows chives or weeds to pass through. The gathering single piece 33 is composed of two gathering single pieces 33 with the same structure. The cross-section of the gathering single piece 33 is a quarter arc. The centers of the arc surfaces of the gathering single piece 33 and the adjacent gathering whole are set far apart from each other. The gathering gap 331 has an "eight" shaped structure, and the crops to be harvested are gathered through the gathering gap 331.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The gathering unit 33 is connected to the front end of the frame 1 by two L-shaped frames 6. The two L-shaped frames 6 are set on the left and right sides of the frame 1. The top of the vertical rod 62 of the L-shaped frame 6 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The rear end of the horizontal rod 61 of the L-shaped frame 6 is fixedly connected to the vertical rod 62. The front end extends from back to front. The front end of the two horizontal rods 61 is provided with a gathering plate 11. The gathering unit 33 and the front side of the gathering plate 11 are detachably connected by the first locking bolt, which makes it convenient for the staff to adjust the spacing between the gathering units 33 according to the row width of the chives.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A cutting slide bar 63 is provided between the two crossbars 61 along the left and right direction. Multiple sets of gathering components can be provided. In this embodiment, the quarter arc surfaces of the two gathering individual pieces 33 that make up the gathering component are set away from each other, and the two gathering individual pieces 33 abut against each other. A set of gathering components is provided with two gathering gaps 331. Multiple sets of gathering components can be provided. In this embodiment, one set of gathering components is provided. The gathering plate 11 and the cutting slide bar 63 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 332. The connecting rod 332 is set at an inclination. The top end of the connecting rod 332 is fixedly connected to the top side of the gathering plate 11, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 332 is fixedly connected to the top side of the cutting slide bar 63. The bottom side of the gathering plate 11 is higher than the bottom side of the crossbar 61. The bottom side of the gathering individual piece 33 and the bottom side of the crossbar 61 are set on the same horizontal plane. A gathering channel 111 for crops to pass through is opened on the gathering plate 11. The width of the gathering channel 111 is greater than the width of the gathering gap 331.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5The two ends of the cutting slide bar 63 are fixedly connected to the two crossbars 61 respectively. The cutting drive assembly 31 is set on the top of the frame 1. The cutting component 32 is set one-to-one with the gathering component and is slidably connected to the output end of the cutting drive assembly 31 for cutting chives or weeds. The cutting drive assembly 31 is set on the front side of the cutting slide bar 63. The cutting drive assembly 31 includes a cutting rotation drive component 311 and a cutting telescopic drive component 312. The cutting component 32 is a metal cutting blade. In this embodiment, the metal cutting blade is a stainless steel disc metal cutting blade. The fixed end of the cutting rotation drive component 311 is fixedly connected to the front top of the cutting slide bar 63. The output end of the cutting rotation drive component 311 extends vertically downward and is detachably connected to the central axis of the disc metal cutting blade through the first locking bolt. In this embodiment, the cutting rotation drive component 311 is a servo motor and the cutting telescopic drive component 312 is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 To facilitate the adjustment of the position of the cutting component 32, the fixed end of the cutting rotary drive component 311 is slidably connected to the front end of the cutting slide rod 63 via the cutting telescopic drive component 312. The cutting telescopic drive component 312 drives the cutting rotary drive component 311 to slide in the left and right direction. The fixed end of the cutting telescopic drive component 312 is detachably connected to the front side of the cutting slide rod 63 via the first locking bolt. The output end of the cutting telescopic drive component 312 is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic rod 313. The other end of the telescopic rod 313 extends in the left and right direction and is detachably connected to the fixed end of the cutting rotary drive component 311. An I-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the rear side of the cutting rotary drive component 311. A groove 631 adapted to the I-shaped slider is opened on the front side of the cutting slide rod 63 in the left and right direction. The cutting telescopic drive component 312 drives the cutting rotary drive component 311 to slide along the groove 631.

[0041] Specifically, the cutting component 32 and the gathering gap 331 are set in a one-to-one correspondence. The central axis of the cutting component 32 and the central axis of the gathering gap 331 are set coaxially. In this embodiment, there are two cutting components 32 and two cutting telescopic drive components 312. The two cutting telescopic drive components 312 are respectively set at the left and right ends of the cutting slide bar 63. The gathering component improves the problem of plant lodging during the harvesting of chives, ensuring that the cutting component 32 always cuts the base of the crop stem, avoiding the phenomenon of uneven stubble height caused by plant tilting.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6The orientation calibration conveyor includes two twisted members 51, a drive shaft assembly, and a driven shaft assembly. The twisted members 51 are twisted in shape, and are arranged vertically, forming a turning channel 511 between them for conveying chives or weeds. The drive shaft assembly includes two drive shafts 512 arranged vertically and staggered front to back. The driven shaft assembly includes two driven shafts 513 arranged at an angle and spaced apart left to right. The drive shaft assembly and the driven shaft assembly are spatially perpendicular to each other. The top end of the upper twisted member 51 is fitted onto the upper drive shaft 512, and the bottom end is fitted onto the right driven shaft 513. The top end of the bottom twisted member 51 is fitted onto the bottom drive shaft 512, and the bottom end is fitted onto the left driven shaft 513. (See reference...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 The drive shaft 512 is horizontally arranged between the two vertical rods 62 in the left-right direction. The two ends of the drive shaft 512 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the two vertical rods 62 that are close to each other. The two ends of the driven shaft 513 are rotatably connected to the front side of the gathering plate 11 and the cutting slide rod 63, respectively. The driven shaft 513 is arranged parallel to the connecting rod 332. The inclination angle of the driven shaft 513 is 30-60°. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the driven shaft 513 is 45°. The top of the driven shaft 513 is arranged vertically from back to front and downward.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 Each convergence gap 331 corresponds to a turning channel 511. The turning channel 511 includes a primary turning channel 511 and a secondary turning channel 5112. The primary turning channel 5111 causes the chives or weeds to gradually change from a vertical to an inclined state in the primary turning channel 5111. The secondary turning channel 5112 smoothly transitions to the primary turning channel 5111, causing the chives or weeds to gradually change from an inclined state to a horizontal state in the secondary turning channel 5112. This achieves orderly adjustment of the harvested material's posture, allowing the harvested material to be transported on the conveyor belt 52 in a flat state, significantly reducing the probability of blockage and improving the neatness of the harvested material storage.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 8The transverse conveyor includes a conveyor belt 52, which is inclinedly positioned between the twisting member 51 and the storage device 4. It conveys the horizontally positioned chives or weeds from the output end of the twisting member 51 to the storage device 4. The bottom end of the conveyor belt 52 is fitted around the outer periphery of a first rotating shaft 521 rotatably connected between the tops of two vertical rods 62. Two support rods 12 are provided between the top end of the conveyor belt 52 and the frame 1. The two support rods 12 are vertically fixed to both ends of the frame 1 in the left-right direction. The top end of the conveyor belt 52 is fitted around the outer periphery of a second rotating shaft 522 rotatably connected between the two support rods 12. The frame 1 is equipped with... A conveying rotary drive 523 is provided to drive the second rotating shaft 522 to rotate. The fixed end of the conveying rotary drive 523 is detachably connected to one side of the frame 1 by a first locking bolt. The drive shaft of the conveying rotary drive 523 extends in the left and right direction. The second transmission belt 524 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 522 and the drive shaft of the conveying rotary drive 523. A channel for the second transmission belt 524 to pass through is opened on the left side of the bottom of the frame 1 in the vertical direction. The conveying rotary drive 523 drives the second rotating shaft 522 to rotate and drives the conveyor belt 52 to transport the crop from the bottom end to the top end of the conveyor belt 52.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 To improve the accuracy of the crop falling from the twisting member 51 into the conveyor belt 52, an extension assembly is provided at the top of the vertical rod 62. The extension assembly includes a first extension rod 64 and a second extension rod 65 spaced apart from back to front. The bottom ends of the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 are fixedly connected to the top of the vertical rod 62. The top ends of the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 extend upward in the vertical direction. The height of the first extension rod 64 is lower than that of the second extension rod 65. A drive shaft 512 is provided between the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65. The two ends of the two drive shafts 512 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 that are close to each other through bearings. The drive shaft 512 and the driven shaft 513 are provided with annular grooves on their outer sides. The twisting member 51 is nested in the annular grooves. When the drive shaft 512 and the driven shaft 513 rotate, the power is transmitted through the meshing of the annular grooves with the twisting member 51.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 are respectively provided with a transmission rotary drive component 66 for driving the drive shaft 512 to rotate. The two transmission rotary drive components 66 drive the two drive shafts 512 to rotate synchronously. The fixed ends of the two transmission rotary drive components 66 are detachably connected to one side of the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 respectively by the first locking bolt. The drive shafts of the two transmission rotary drive components 66 pass through the first extension rod 64 and the second extension rod 65 respectively and are fixedly connected to the drive shaft 512. The top end of the twisting component 51 is set on the top side of the conveyor belt 52, which improves the accuracy of the crop entering the conveyor belt 52.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 9 The storage device 4 includes a harvested crop storage box 41 and a seed and fertilizer box 42. The harvested crop storage box 41 is mounted on the frame 1 and is detachably connected to the frame 1 via a second locking bolt 43. The top opening of the harvested crop storage box 41 is located on the bottom side of the output end of the conveyor belt 52 for storing chives or weeds. The right side of the harvested crop storage box 41 is set as the harvested crop outlet, and a movable cover 411 is provided at the harvested crop outlet. The bottom side of the movable cover 411 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the harvested crop storage box 41 via a hinge. The movable cover 411 is magnetically connected to the harvested crop storage box 41. When it is necessary to remove the crops from the harvested crop storage box 41, the movable cover 411 is flipped to open the harvested crop outlet, and the crops in the harvested crop storage box 41 can be taken out. Multiple through holes 412 are provided on the side wall of the harvested crop storage box 41 for ventilation to reduce the phenomenon of crop decay in the harvested crop storage box 41.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 10 The seed and fertilizer box 42 is installed on top of the harvested material storage box 41 and is used to store seeds or fertilizer. The bottom of the seed and fertilizer box 42 is fixedly connected to the mounting part 44. The rear side of the mounting part 44 abuts against the rear inner wall of the harvested material storage box 41. The rear end of the second locking bolt 43 passes through the mounting part 44 and the harvested material storage box 41 from front to back and is threadedly connected to the positioning plate 45. The positioning plate 45 abuts against the rear side of the harvested material storage box 41. In this embodiment, three second locking bolts 43 are provided. The three second locking bolts 43 are evenly spaced in the left and right direction. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the seed and fertilizer box 42, the rear wall of the harvested material storage box 41 is provided with adjustment holes 46. The adjustment holes 46 are provided one-to-one with the second locking bolts 43. The adjustment holes 46 extend in the vertical direction. The height of the seed and fertilizer box 42 is adjusted by the cooperation of the second locking bolts 43 and the positioning plate 45.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 11The sowing device 2 includes a conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, a seed and fertilizer distributing disc 22, and a covering rake 23. At least one conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 is provided, with its top connected to a seed and fertilizer box 42 and its bottom fixedly connected to a plowing blade 211. An opening for seeds or fertilizer to pass through is provided on the rear side of the plowing blade 211. The number of conveying and plowing composite pipes 21 is the same as the number of cutting components 32. In this embodiment, two conveying and plowing composite pipes 21 are provided. A groove adapted to the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 is provided on the rear side of the seed and fertilizer box 42. The conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the groove wall. To facilitate the entry of seeds or fertilizer into the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, the bottom of the seed and fertilizer box 42 is sloped downwards from back to front. When sowing is required, the seed and fertilizer box 42 slides down, causing the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 to descend until the plowing blade 211 contacts the ground. When fertilization is required, the seed and fertilizer box 42 slides up, moving the plowing blade 211 away from the ground, allowing fertilization of the land.

[0050] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 The seed-fertilizer distributing disc 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, and is used to carry the seeds or fertilizer in the seed-fertilizer box 42 into the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. The seed-fertilizer distributing disc 22 has multiple arc-shaped feeding grooves 221 evenly distributed radially on its surface. The openings of the arc-shaped feeding grooves 221 face the pipe wall of the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. A distributing disc rotation drive is provided on the bottom side of the seed-fertilizer box 42 to drive the seed-fertilizer distributing disc 22 to rotate. The fixed end of the distributing disc rotation drive is detachably connected to the bottom of the seed-fertilizer box 42 by a first locking bolt. The output end of the distributing disc rotation drive penetrates vertically from bottom to top through the bottom side of the seed-fertilizer box 42 and is fixedly connected to the central axis of the seed-fertilizer distributing disc 22. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The seed and fertilizer box 42 has a discharge port 421 for the seed and fertilizer distribution disc 22 to extend from its side near the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, as shown in reference 11 and Figure 13 The top side of the plowing composite pipe 21 is provided with a rotating groove 212 that matches the seed and fertilizer distribution disc 22. The bottom of the rotating groove 212 abuts against the bottom side of the seed and fertilizer distribution disc 22. The distribution disc rotation drive drives the seed and fertilizer distribution disc 22 to rotate in the horizontal plane. Figure 11 and Figure 14 The arc-shaped feeding groove 221 is connected to the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. The seed and fertilizer distributing disc 22 drives the seeds or fertilizer in the seed and fertilizer box 42 into the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. When it is necessary to adjust the falling speed of the seeds or fertilizer, the rotation speed of the distributing disc rotating drive can be adjusted.

[0051] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 15The covering rake 23 is rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame 1 and is used to cover the seeds with soil. An installation rod 14 is provided between the covering rake 23 and the frame 1. The installation rod 14 is detachably connected to the frame 1 by a first locking bolt. The conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 passes through the installation rod 14 vertically and is slidably connected to the installation rod 14. The covering rake 23 includes a covering frame 231 erected at the left and right ends of the installation rod 14. The covering frame 231 is rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the installation rod 14 by a damping bearing. The bottom side of the covering frame 231 is provided with multiple sets of rake teeth 232. Each set of rake teeth 232 includes two rows of rake teeth 232. The two rake teeth 232 are connected in a V-shape, and the V-shaped opening faces the frame 1. The number of rake teeth 232 sets is the same as the number of conveying and plowing composite pipes 21. In this embodiment, two sets of rake teeth 232 sets are provided.

[0052] When the harvester is in fertilization mode, fertilizer is placed into the fertilizer-seed box 42, the covering rake 23 is lifted, and the fertilizer-seed box 42 slides upward, causing the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 to rise. Under gravity, the fertilizer in the fertilizer-seed box 42 falls into the groove of the fertilizer-seed distribution disc 22, and as the disc rotates, it carries the material into the top inlet of the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. When the fertilizer falls to the bottom along the pipe of the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, it lands on the soil. When the harvester is in sowing mode, seeds are placed into the fertilizer-seed box 42, the fertilizer-seed box 42 slides downward, causing the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21 to descend. The fertilizer-seed box 42 rotates and places the covering rake 23 against the soil. Under gravity, the seeds in the fertilizer-seed box 42 fall into the fertilizer-seed distribution disc 22. In the groove, as the seed and fertilizer distribution disc 22 rotates, it carries the material into the top inlet of the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21. When the seeds fall to the bottom along the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, the plowing blade 211 simultaneously cuts into the soil to form a groove, allowing the seeds to fall directly into the groove. As the seeds fall to the bottom along the conveying and plowing composite pipe 21, the plowing blade 211 simultaneously cuts into the soil to form a groove, allowing the seeds to fall directly into the groove. The covering rake 23 contacts the soil during the movement of the frame 1, pushing the loose soil on both sides of the groove into the groove to complete the covering operation, forming a continuous integrated process of sowing, fertilizing, and covering. This realizes the synchronous mechanized operation of sowing, fertilizing, and covering processes, avoids the efficiency bottleneck caused by manual covering, and improves the working efficiency of the leek harvester.

[0053] When the harvester is in harvesting mode, the gathering gap 331 is aligned with the row direction of the chives or weeds and the cutting drive assembly 31 is turned on to perform the cutting operation. Then, the transmission rotary drive 81 is turned on to drive the harvester forward along the crop row direction, and the conveying rotary drive 66 and the conveying rotary drive 523 are turned on. The harvested material enters the primary turning channel 5111 through the gathering gap 331. The harvested material changes from a vertical state to an inclined state through the primary channel. Then, the harvested material enters the secondary turning channel 5112 and changes from an inclined state to a horizontal state to be conveyed to the conveyor belt 52. The conveyor belt 52 conveys the horizontally positioned harvested material to the harvested material storage box 41 for temporary storage. The harvested material is taken out from the harvested material outlet.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 An infrared ranging device is installed on the frame 11 and connected to the cutting telescopic drive component 312. This device identifies the spacing between rows of crops, allowing the cutting telescopic drive component 312 to automatically adjust the position of the cutting component 32. In this embodiment, the infrared ranging device is a SHARP GP2Y0D02YK0F type infrared sensor. Two infrared sensors are installed, one on the left and one on the right side of the rear of the gathering plate 11. During harvesting, the two infrared sensors continuously emit opposing infrared beams towards the crops, and calculate the actual spacing between adjacent rows of crops by receiving the reflected signals. The cutting component 32 moves laterally according to the measured actual spacing to ensure that the cutting center line coincides with the center line of each row of crops, avoiding missed cuts or damage to crop roots due to uneven row spacing. This improves the adaptability of leek harvesting to irregular planting row spacing, avoids missed cuts or root damage due to human error, and reduces equipment idleness or repetitive work caused by inaccurate row spacing measurement, significantly improving harvesting efficiency and crop integrity.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 16 The frame 1 has a travel device 7 at its bottom, including a front wheel 71 and a rear wheel 72. There are two front wheels 71 to maintain the stability of the harvester during travel. The two front wheels 71 are rotatably connected to the two L-shaped frames 6 on their respective sides via axles. One end of the axle is rotatably connected to the connection between the horizontal bar 61 and the vertical bar 62, and the other end passes through the front wheel 71 and is fixedly connected to it. The rear wheels 72 are located on the left and right sides of the frame 1. A transmission rod 73 is provided between the two rear wheels 72. Transmission seats 13 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the frame 1. The two ends of the transmission rod 73 pass through the two transmission seats 13 in the left and right directions and are fixedly connected to the center of the two rear wheels 72 respectively. The transmission rod 73 and the transmission seats 13 are rotatably connected via bearings.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A transmission assembly 8 is provided on the transmission rod 73. The transmission assembly 8 includes a transmission rotary drive component 81 and a first transmission belt 82. The transmission rotary drive component 81 is detachably connected to the top side of the frame 1 by a first locking bolt. The transmission rotary drive component 81 is located below the conveyor belt 52. The output end of the transmission rotary drive component 81 is fixedly connected to an output shaft 83 arranged in the left-right direction. The first transmission belt 82 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft 83 and the transmission rod 73. The inner side of the first transmission belt 82 meshes with the output shaft 83 and the transmission rod 73.

[0057] In addition, a control system (not shown in the figure) is also installed on the frame 11. The control system is a programmable logic controller (PLC). The cutting rotary drive 311, the cutting telescopic drive 312, the conveying rotary drive 66, the sorting disc rotary drive, the transmission rotary drive 81, and the conveying rotary drive 523 are all connected to the PLC for communication. The PLC is used to control the start and stop of the above-mentioned drives individually or in combination, and to adjust their operating parameters, such as speed, stroke, and working mode. For ease of operation, the control system is also equipped with a one-key stop device, which includes an emergency stop button and a power-off control circuit connected to it. When the emergency stop button is triggered, the control system simultaneously cuts off the power supply to all drives, causing them to stop moving. The emergency stop button has a self-locking structure, and the drives cannot be restarted before being reset. The control system can integrate a human-machine interface, such as a touch screen, for parameter setting, operation monitoring, and fault alarm display. The drives and the control system can be connected by wired or wireless communication.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine, comprising a frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with: a sowing device (2) located at the rear end of the harvester; a harvesting device (3) located at the front end of the frame (1); and a storage device (4) located at the rear end of the planting and harvesting machine for storing leeks, weeds, seeds, or fertilizer; characterized in that, Also includes: The conveying device (5) is located behind the harvesting device (3) and is used to convey chives or weeds; wherein the conveying device (5) includes a directional calibration conveyor for the receiving harvesting device (3) and a transverse conveyor for connecting the sowing device (2).

2. The multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesting device (3) includes: A gathering component is connected to the front end of the frame (1), and at least one set is provided for straightening and gathering chives or weeds; The cutting component (32) is set one-to-one with the gathering component, and the cutting operation is performed by the cutting drive component (31).

3. The multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gathering component includes a gathering unit and a gathering single piece (33), and the gathering unit and the gathering single piece (33) form a gathering gap (331) that allows chives or weeds to pass through. The aggregated component is composed of two aggregated units (33) with the same structure.

4. The multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-section of the gathering unit (33) is a quarter arc.

5. A multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gathering gap (331) has an "eight" shaped structure.

6. A multi-functional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orientation calibration transmitter includes: The two twisted pieces (51) are both twisted in shape, and the area between the two twisted pieces (51) forms a turning channel (511) for conveying chives or weeds. The drive shaft assembly consists of two drive shafts (512) that are vertically and horizontally offset. The driven shaft assembly includes two driven shafts (513) that are inclined and spaced apart to the left and right. The drive shaft group and the driven shaft group are arranged perpendicularly to each other in space; one of the torsion members (51) is connected to a drive shaft (512) at one end and to a driven shaft (513) at the other end.

7. A multi-functional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the convergence gaps (331) corresponds to one of the steering channels (511), the steering channel (511) comprising: The first-level turning channel (5111) causes the chives or weeds to gradually change from a vertical to an inclined state in the first-level turning channel (5111); The secondary steering channel (5112) smoothly transitions from the primary steering channel (5111), allowing the chives or weeds to gradually change from an inclined state to a horizontal state in the secondary steering channel (5112).

8. A multi-functional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tilt angle of the driven shaft assembly is 30-60°.

9. A multifunctional leek planting and harvesting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The seeding device (2) includes: At least one plowing composite pipe (21) is provided, with its top connected to the seeding device (2) and its bottom provided with a plowing blade (211). A seed and fertilizer distribution disc (22) is installed inside the seeding device (2) to transport the seeds or fertilizer inside the seeding device (2) to the conveying plowing composite pipe (21); A soil covering rake (23), rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame (1), is used to cover the seeds with soil.

10. A method for operating a multi-functional leek planting and harvesting machine, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Align the convergence gap (331) with the crop row direction and turn on the cutting drive assembly (31) to allow the cutting element (32) to perform the cutting operation; The harvested crop passes through the primary turning channel (5111) and the secondary turning channel (5112) to change from a vertical harvesting state to a horizontal conveying state and enters the transverse conveyor; The horizontal conveyor transports the horizontally positioned harvested material to the storage device (4).

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