Experimental device for improving utilization of saline-alkali land by halophytes

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of halophyte improved utilization saline-alkali soil test device, including test seat and preparation seat, test seat is equipped with the soil culture pot for planting halophyte, preparation seat is equipped with the preparation tank for preparing saline-alkali liquid, preparation tank is also equipped with the mixing mechanism driven by driving mechanism, test seat is equipped with the extraction mechanism for separating soil culture pot, test seat is opened in the liquid storage cavity for soil culture pot soaking, test seat and be located below the liquid storage cavity Fixed installation has drainage plate, soil culture pot is opened in the soil culture cavity for placing saline-alkali soil, and one end of soil culture pot in liquid storage cavity is equipped with the liquid-permeable hole being connected with soil culture cavity.The test device of the application can accurately put saline-alkali particles by the metering pump connected to the quantitative hopper on the preparation tank when in use, realize uniform mixing of saline-alkali liquid, and then combine the liquid-permeable hole of the annular array at the bottom of the soil culture pot to make the saline-alkali liquid uniformly penetrate into the soil, replace artificial mixing soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land planting technology, specifically to an experimental device for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land is one of the major challenges in the field of global agricultural sustainable development and ecological restoration. Due to the high salt content and pH imbalance of saline-alkali soil, ordinary plants cannot grow normally, resulting in low land resource utilization and easily causing problems such as soil desertification and ecological degradation.

[0003] Halophytes, possessing unique physiological mechanisms such as salt tolerance, salt secretion, or salt rejection, can grow normally in saline-alkali environments. They can also absorb and accumulate soil salts through their roots, or improve soil aggregate structure, making them a core biological means of improving saline-alkali land. To screen suitable halophyte varieties for different saline-alkali land types and optimize planting techniques, researchers need to conduct extensive saline-alkali land adaptability experiments on halophytes. By simulating natural saline-alkali environments, they can monitor key indicators such as plant growth status and soil salinity changes, providing data support for practical saline-alkali land improvement projects.

[0004] Experiments require the preparation of simulated soil with specific salt concentrations based on the target saline-alkali soil type (such as chloride-type or sulfate-type). However, existing technologies mostly rely on artificially mixing soil with salt particles (such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate). Since salt particles are prone to agglomeration and their density differs greatly from that of soil, manual stirring makes it difficult to achieve uniform dispersion, resulting in local soil salt concentrations that are too high or too low. Furthermore, existing soil cultivation methods completely bury plant roots in deep columns or field profiles, requiring destructive digging or washing for sampling, which damages the plants and makes continuous recording impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an experimental device for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes, so as to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an experimental device for improving saline-alkali land with halophytes is provided, including an experimental stand and a preparation stand. The experimental stand is provided with a soil-grown pot for planting halophytes, and the preparation stand is provided with a preparation tank for preparing saline-alkali solution. The preparation tank is also provided with a mixing mechanism driven by a driving mechanism, and the experimental stand is provided with an extraction mechanism for separating the soil-grown pot.

[0008] The test stand has a liquid storage chamber for soaking the soil culture pot. A flow guide plate is fixedly installed in the test stand below the liquid storage chamber. The flow guide plate has a flow guide surface that is inclined away from the preparation stand.

[0009] The soil cultivation pot has a soil cultivation cavity for placing saline-alkali soil. One end of the soil cultivation pot located in the liquid storage cavity has a liquid permeation hole that communicates with the soil cultivation cavity. The liquid permeation holes are arranged in a ring array around the soil cultivation cavity. The soil cultivation pot also has an integrally formed side protrusion end. The soil cultivation pot is connected to the extraction mechanism through the side protrusion end.

[0010] The preparation tank is fixedly installed on the preparation base, and the preparation tank has a liquid preparation chamber with a bottom shaped like a bucket. The preparation base is also equipped with a pump for drawing out the salt and alkali solution from the preparation tank. The pump is connected to the liquid preparation chamber through an injection pipe, and one end of the injection pipe extending to the storage chamber is connected to a liquid equalization pipe.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a central rod is fixedly installed at one end of the preparation base above the preparation tank, and a sun gear is fixedly installed at the end of the central rod near the preparation tank.

[0012] The mixing mechanism includes a driven frame movably connected above the preparation tank. A planetary gear for driving a material-driving rod is rotatably connected in the driven frame. The planetary gears are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sun gear and mesh with it. The bottom end of the material-driving rod is inclined toward the inner wall of the preparation tank. A blade is hinged to the end of the material-driving rod away from the gear shaft in the driven frame, and one end of the blade is inclined toward the bottom wall of the preparation tank.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation tank is further equipped with a metering hopper and a water inlet, and the end of the metering hopper and the water inlet near the preparation tank is connected to the liquid preparation chamber. The metering hopper is located above the water inlet and is externally connected to a metering pump. The water inlet is provided with a one-way valve for controlling the on / off state.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing mechanism further includes a vertical rod symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the preparation tank, one end of the vertical rod extending into the preparation tank being hinged to a swing arm, and the end of the swing arm away from the vertical rod being hinged to a scraper, the scraper being in contact with the inner wall of the preparation tank.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drive mechanism includes a central rotating wheel rotatably connected above the preparation tank, the central rotating wheel being fixedly installed above the driven frame, and a driven sprocket being fixedly installed on the central rotating wheel. The driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the central rod via a bearing, and the central rotating wheel is also provided with a bearing corresponding to the gear shaft on the planetary gear.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the driving mechanism further includes a servo motor fixedly mounted on the soil cultivation pot, the output shaft of the servo motor being drivenly connected to a drive sprocket, the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket being connected by a transmission chain belt, and the soil cultivation pot being provided with a tension adjusting member for adjusting the tension of the transmission chain belt.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a biological diaphragm is detachably installed on the soil culture pot and above the soil culture cavity, and the soil culture pot is divided into cultivation areas by the biological diaphragm;

[0018] The test stand is provided with an observation platform to avoid the soil-grown pot, and the observation platform is provided with a scale for observing the soil-grown cavity.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction mechanism includes guide columns vertically distributed on the observation platform, the guide columns having a sliding groove along their axial direction, the top of the guide columns also having a rotating groove communicating with the sliding groove, the guide columns having a lifting sleeve slidably connected in the sliding groove, and the guide columns also having an adjusting lever for driving the lifting sleeve rotatably connected to the guide columns.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting sleeve is clearance-fitted with the guide column, and a threaded collar connected to the adjusting lever is fixedly installed on the lifting sleeve. A limiting slider adapted to the slide groove and the rotating groove is fixedly installed outside the threaded collar.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a traction frame is also fixedly installed outside the lifting sleeve, and the end of the traction frame away from the lifting sleeve is fixedly connected to the side protrusion end through a traction rod.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The present invention uses a metering pump connected to a metering hopper on the preparation tank to accurately dispense salt and alkali particles, thereby achieving uniform mixing of salt and alkali solution. Combined with the permeable holes in the annular array at the bottom of the soil cultivation pot, the salt and alkali solution is evenly permeated into the soil, replacing the artificial mixing of soil.

[0024] (2) The present invention drives the mixing mechanism to rotate and rotate the mixing rod to stir, the paddle to disperse the bottom sediment particles, and the scraper to remove the residue on the tank wall. Combined with the start and stop of the pump and the operation time to control the liquid level and soaking time of the salt and alkali solution in the storage chamber, the present invention achieves dynamic regulation of soil salt concentration.

[0025] (3) The present invention uses the adjusting handle of the extraction mechanism to engage with the lifting sleeve thread, thereby driving the lifting sleeve to rise and fall vertically along the guide column groove. Then, the side protrusion of the soil cultivation pot is pulled by the traction frame and traction rod to achieve non-destructive separation of the soil cultivation pot from the liquid storage cavity. Combined with the observation platform and scale of the test seat, the interaction between the root system and the soil can be observed in all directions and the root system indicators can be accurately measured without the need for destructive digging of the plant. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an experimental device for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of an experimental device for improving saline-alkali land using halophytes, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperative installation structure of a drive mechanism and a hybrid mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a preparation tank and a mixing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an experimental stand and an extraction mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the experimental stand and extraction mechanism installed together in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a soil cultivation pot structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1. Test stand; 11. Liquid storage chamber; 12. Drainage plate; 13. Observation platform; 14. Scale; 2. Preparation stand; 21. Central rod; 22. Sun wheel; 3. Soil cultivation pot; 31. Soil cultivation chamber; 312. Liquid permeation hole; 32. Biological diaphragm; 321. Cultivation area; 33. Side protrusion; 4. Preparation tank; 41. Liquid preparation chamber; 42. Pump; 421. Injection pipe; 422. Equalization pipe; 43. Metering hopper; 44. Water inlet; 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Central rotor 511 Driven sprocket; 52 Servo motor; 521 Driven sprocket; 6. Mixing mechanism; 61 Driven frame; 611 Planetary gear; 612 Material guide bar; 613 Paddle blade; 62 Vertical bar; 621 Swing arm; 622 Scraper; 7. Extraction mechanism; 71 Guide column; 711 Slide groove; 712 Rotary groove; 713 Adjusting lever; 72 Lifting sleeve; 721 Threaded collar; 722 Limiting slider; 73 Traction frame; 731 Traction rod. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-8An embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental device for improving saline-alkali land using halophytes, comprising an experimental base 1 and a preparation base 2. The experimental base 1 is provided with a soil-growing pot 3 for planting halophytes, and the preparation base 2 is provided with a preparation tank 4 for preparing saline-alkali solution. The preparation tank 4 is also provided with a mixing mechanism 6 driven by a driving mechanism 5. The experimental base 1 is provided with an extraction mechanism 7 for separating the soil-growing pot 3. A liquid storage chamber 11 for soaking the soil-growing pot 3 is provided in the experimental base 1. A flow guide plate 12 is fixedly installed in the experimental base 1 below the liquid storage chamber 11. The flow guide plate 12 has a guide surface that is inclined away from the preparation base 2. A soil cultivation cavity 31 for placing saline-alkali soil is provided in the soil-growing pot 3, and the soil-growing pot 3 is located in the liquid storage cavity 1. One end of the soil cultivation container 31 has a liquid permeation hole 312 that communicates with the soil cultivation chamber 31, and the liquid permeation holes 312 are arranged in a ring array around the soil cultivation chamber 31. The soil cultivation container 3 also has an integrally formed side protrusion end 33, which is connected to the extraction mechanism 7 through the side protrusion end 33. The preparation tank 4 is fixedly installed on the preparation base 2, and the preparation tank 4 has a liquid preparation chamber 41 with a bottom shaped like a bucket. The preparation base 2 is also equipped with a pump 42 for extracting the salt and alkali solution from the preparation tank 4. The pump 42 is connected to the liquid preparation chamber 41 through an injection pipe 421. One end of the injection pipe 421 extends to the liquid storage chamber 11 and is connected to a liquid equalization pipe 422. The test base 1 provides a stable site for the cultivation of halophytes, while the preparation base 2 provides an operating platform for the precise preparation of salt and alkali solutions. 3 is the core component for the growth of halophytes and the bearing capacity of saline-alkali soil. It can simulate the plant growth environment of natural saline-alkali land. The preparation tank 4 provides a closed space for mixing and storing the saline solution, avoiding interference from external impurities. The mixing mechanism 6 can replace manual stirring, achieving efficient and uniform mixing of saline particles and water, solving the problems of saline particle agglomeration and uneven mixing when manually mixing. The extraction mechanism 7 can achieve non-destructive removal of the soil cultivation pot 3, facilitating subsequent root observation and data recording, avoiding the drawbacks of destructive digging in traditional soil cultivation schemes. The liquid storage chamber 11 can hold the prepared saline solution, allowing the soil cultivation pot 3 to absorb the saline solution through soaking, simulating the water and salt supply process of saline-alkali soil. Moreover, the soil salt concentration can be adjusted by controlling the soaking time and liquid level. The guide surface is used to recover and guide the overflowing or leaking salt and alkali solution in the storage chamber 11, preventing the salt and alkali solution from accumulating in the test seat 1 and preventing local salt residue from interfering with the test environment. The volume of the soil cultivation chamber 31 can be designed according to the test requirements to ensure that halophytes have sufficient growth space and soil carrying capacity. The permeable hole 312 allows the salt and alkali solution in the storage chamber 11 to permeate evenly into the soil in the soil cultivation chamber 31, avoiding local salt concentration imbalance in the soil and further solving the problem of uneven artificial mixing. The funnel-shaped liquid distribution chamber 41 allows salt and alkali particles to gather to the bottom under the action of gravity, which is convenient for the mixing mechanism 6 to fully stir and reduce particle residue. The liquid pump 42 can accurately control the amount of salt and alkali solution extracted, and the liquid distribution pipe 422 can evenly deliver the salt and alkali solution into the storage chamber 11.Ensure that the concentration of saline solution is consistent in all areas of the storage chamber 11, providing a uniform saline environment for the soil-grown pot 3.

[0039] A central rod 21 is fixedly installed at one end of the mixing base 2 above the mixing tank 4. A sun gear 22 is fixedly installed at the end of the central rod 21 near the mixing tank 4. The mixing mechanism 6 includes a driven frame 61 movably connected above the mixing tank 4. Planetary gears 611 for driving the swaying rod 612 are also rotatably connected in the driven frame 61. The planetary gears 611 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sun gear 22 and mesh with it. The bottom end of the swaying rod 612 is inclined towards the inner wall of the mixing tank 4. A blade 613 is hinged to the end of the swaying rod 612 away from the gear shaft in the driven frame 61, and one end of the blade 613 is inclined towards the bottom wall of the mixing tank 4. The central rod 21 provides fixed support and a rotation center for the mixing mechanism 6, ensuring the stability of the mixing mechanism 6 during operation. The sun gear 22 is non-rotatable, enabling the mixing mechanism 6 to achieve multi-directional mixing. The core transmission component of the agitator, the driven frame 61, provides a mounting carrier for the planetary gear 611 and the swivel rod 612, which can drive them to rotate around the central rod 21. After the planetary gear 611 meshes with the sun gear 22, it can drive the planetary gear 611 to rotate on its own axis while the driven frame 61 revolves around the central rod 21, thereby enabling the swivel rod 612 to achieve a compound motion of revolution and rotation, improving the uniformity of agitation. The inclined setting of the swivel rod 612 can make the swivel rod 612 agitate the area near the inner wall of the preparation tank 4, avoiding the adhesion and agglomeration of salt and alkali particles on the tank wall. The inclined blade 613 can penetrate deep into the bottom of the liquid preparation chamber 41 to fully agitate the salt and alkali particles deposited at the bottom of the tank, preventing particle sedimentation and uneven mixing, further improving the uniformity of the salt and alkali solution concentration. Moreover, all the above structures are made of corrosion-resistant materials, which have the characteristics of resisting salt and alkali corrosion and can be used for a long time.

[0040] The preparation tank 4 is also equipped with a metering hopper 43 and a water inlet 44. The ends of the metering hopper 43 and the water inlet 44 closest to the preparation tank 4 are connected to the liquid preparation chamber 41. The metering hopper 43 is located above the water inlet 44 and is connected to a metering pump. The water inlet 44 is equipped with a one-way valve for controlling the on / off state. The metering hopper 43 is located above the water inlet 44 and is connected to a metering pump. The function of the metering hopper 43 is to accurately add salt and alkali particles. The external metering pump can accurately control the amount of salt and alkali particles added according to the required salt and alkali solution concentration for the experiment, so as to meet the salt concentration configuration requirements of different target salt and alkali types (such as chloride type and sulfate type). The water inlet 44 is used to inject clean water into the liquid preparation chamber 41. The one-way valve can prevent the salt and alkali solution in the liquid preparation chamber 41 from flowing back during stirring or extraction, ensuring the sealing and safety of the liquid preparation process.

[0041] The mixing mechanism 6 also includes vertical rods 62 symmetrically distributed along the axis of the preparation tank 4. One end of the vertical rods 62 extending into the preparation tank 4 is hinged to a swing arm 621. The end of the swing arm 621 away from the vertical rods 62 is hinged to a scraper 622. The scraper 622 is in contact with the inner wall of the preparation tank 4. The vertical rods 62 can rotate synchronously with the driven frame 61 around the central rod 21. The swing arm 621 can rotate flexibly around the vertical rods 62 to adapt to the stirring needs of different positions in the liquid preparation chamber 41. When the mixing mechanism 6 is running, the scraper 622 can move along the tank wall with the vertical rods 62 and the swing arm 621 to scrape off the salt and alkali particles attached to the inner wall of the preparation tank 4, avoiding particle residue that may cause subsequent liquid concentration deviation. At the same time, in conjunction with the stirring rod 612 and the blade 613, the uniformity and thoroughness of the salt and alkali solution mixing are further improved.

[0042] The drive mechanism 5 includes a central rotating wheel 51 rotatably connected above the mixing tank 4. The central rotating wheel 51 is fixedly installed above the driven frame 61, and a driven sprocket 511 is also fixedly installed on the central rotating wheel 51. The driven sprocket 511 is rotatably connected to the central rod 21 through a bearing. The central rotating wheel 51 is also provided with a bearing corresponding to the gear shaft on the planetary gear 611. The central rotating wheel 51 can drive the driven frame 61 to rotate synchronously, providing revolution power for the mixing mechanism 6. The bearing can reduce the friction between the driven sprocket 511 and the central rod 21, ensuring smooth operation of the driven sprocket 511 and improving power transmission efficiency. The bearing in the central rotating wheel 51 can support and limit the gear shaft of the planetary gear 611, ensuring the stability of the planetary gear 611 when meshing with the sun gear 22.

[0043] The drive mechanism 5 also includes a servo motor 52 fixedly mounted on the soil cultivation pot 3. The output shaft of the servo motor 52 is driven by a drive sprocket 521. The drive sprocket 521 and the driven sprocket 511 are connected by a transmission chain. The soil cultivation pot 3 is equipped with a tension adjustment device for adjusting the tension of the transmission chain. The servo motor 52 provides a power source for the drive mechanism 5, and its speed can be precisely controlled. This allows for adjustment of the stirring speed of the mixing mechanism 6 according to the type of salt and alkali particles (such as easily agglomerated sodium chloride and sodium sulfate) and mixing requirements, thereby improving mixing efficiency and uniformity. The drive sprocket 521 can transmit the power of the servo motor 52 to the driven sprocket 511 through the transmission chain, thereby driving the central rotating wheel 51 and the mixing mechanism 6 to operate, achieving stable power transmission. The tension adjustment device can adjust the tension of the transmission chain in a timely manner according to its wear condition, avoiding slippage and interruption of power transmission due to excessively loose chain, or increased wear of components due to excessively tight chain, ensuring long-term stable operation of the drive mechanism 5.

[0044] A biofilm 32 is detachably installed on the soil-cultivating pot 3 and above the soil-cultivating cavity 31. The soil-cultivating pot 3 is divided into a cultivation area 321 by the biofilm 32. An observation platform 13 is provided on the experimental stand 1 to avoid the soil-cultivating pot 3, and a scale 14 for observing the soil-cultivating cavity 31 is provided on the observation platform 13. The biofilm 32 is made of a breathable but soil-impermeable material, and plant roots can pass through it. Its function is to separate the cultivation area 321 from the external environment, prevent soil particles in the soil-cultivating cavity 31 from being lost with water evaporation, and at the same time allow air circulation to maintain... The cultivation area 321 provides growth space for the above-ground parts of halophytes, allowing for observation of above-ground growth indicators such as plant height and leaf morphology. The observation platform 13 allows researchers to observe the root growth in the soil cultivation chamber 31 from the side or bottom. With the ruler 14, indicators such as root length and root distribution can be accurately measured, achieving non-destructive and continuous recording of root growth and solving the problem of needing destructive digging to observe the root system in traditional soil cultivation methods.

[0045] The extraction mechanism 7 includes guide columns 71 vertically distributed on the observation platform 13. A groove 711 is formed along the axial direction of the guide column 71. A rotating groove 712, communicating with the groove 711, is also formed at the top of the guide column 71. A lifting sleeve 72 is slidably connected to the groove 711 within the guide column 71. An adjusting lever 713 for driving the lifting sleeve 72 is rotatably connected to the guide column 71. The guide column 71 provides guidance and support for the lifting movement of the lifting sleeve 72, ensuring stability during the lifting process. The groove 711 provides a moving track for the limiting slider 722. The lifting sleeve 72 is restricted to prevent deviation. After the soil cultivation pot 3 is lifted to the top, the rotating groove 712 can rotate the lifting sleeve 72 to make the soil cultivation pot 3 deviate from the liquid storage chamber 11, which is convenient for researchers to observe or sample the soil cultivation pot 3 from all angles. The lifting sleeve 72 can be vertically raised and lowered along the sliding groove 711 to provide lifting power for the traction frame 73. The adjusting lever 713 adopts a threaded transmission structure. Researchers can rotate the adjusting lever 713 to drive the lifting sleeve 72 to rise and fall smoothly. The operation is convenient and the lifting height can be precisely controlled. The lifting sleeve 72 and the guide column 71 adopt a clearance fit to reduce the friction between the two and ensure smooth lifting. In addition, an external connector can be used for electric drive.

[0046] The lifting sleeve 72 is clearance-fitted with the guide column 71. A threaded collar 721, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting lever 713, is fixedly installed on the lifting sleeve 72. A limiting slider 722, which is adapted to the slide groove 711 and the rotating groove 712, is fixedly installed outside the threaded collar 721. A traction frame 73 is also fixedly installed outside the lifting sleeve 72. The end of the traction frame 73 away from the lifting sleeve 72 is fixedly connected to the side protrusion 33 through the traction rod 731. The threaded collar 721 can convert the rotational movement of the adjusting lever 713 into... The linear lifting motion of the lifting sleeve 72 realizes the conversion and transmission of power. The limiting slider 722 can slide in the slide groove 711 and rotate in the rotating groove 712, which not only restricts the circumferential rotation of the lifting sleeve 72 (during lifting), but also allows it to rotate at the top (during avoidance). The traction frame 73 and the traction rod 731 can transmit the lifting power of the lifting sleeve 72 to the side protrusion end 33 of the soil cultivation pot 3, driving the soil cultivation pot 3 to smoothly enter and exit the liquid storage chamber 11, realizing non-destructive extraction, which is convenient for root observation and experimental data recording.

[0047] When conducting saline-alkali soil experiments on halophytes using the experimental apparatus of this embodiment, firstly, according to the target saline-alkali soil type (such as chloride type or sulfate type), the corresponding type of salt and alkali particles (such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate) are accurately added by connecting an external metering pump to the metering hopper 43 on the preparation tank 4. At the same time, the one-way valve of the water inlet 44 is opened to inject clean water into the funnel-shaped liquid preparation chamber 41, and the mixing mechanism 6 is driven by the drive mechanism 5 to mix the salt and alkali solution raw materials.

[0048] The mixed and prepared salt and alkali solution is temporarily stored in the solution preparation chamber 41, and the pump 42 on the preparation base 2 is started to draw out the uniform salt and alkali solution in the solution preparation chamber 41 through the injection pipe 421. The liquid is finally evenly transported to the storage chamber 11 through the equalization pipe 422 extending to the storage chamber 11 to avoid local salt concentration deviation in the storage chamber 11.

[0049] After the storage chamber 11 of the test stand 1 contains the saline solution, the permeable holes 312 of the annular array at the bottom of the soil cultivation pot 3 allow the saline solution to permeate evenly into the soil in the soil cultivation chamber 31, replacing the artificially mixed soil and ensuring a consistent distribution of soil salts. This eliminates the deviation in test data caused by uneven soil mixing from the source. If the saline solution overflows or leaks from the storage chamber 11, the drainage plate 12 below the test stand 1 guides the waste liquid to the side away from the preparation stand 2 through the inclined guide surface, avoiding the accumulation or residual salt in the test stand 1 and preventing interference with the subsequent test environment.

[0050] During the preparation of salt and alkali solution, the servo motor 52 of the drive mechanism 5 is started, and its power is transmitted to the driven sprocket 511 through the active sprocket 521 and the transmission chain belt, which drives the central rotating wheel 51 and the driven frame 61 to rotate (revolve) around the central rod 21. Since the planetary gear 611 on the driven frame 61 meshes with the fixed sun gear 22, the planetary gear 611 rotates on its own axis while revolving, thereby driving the material swaying rod 612 to perform a compound motion of "revolution and rotation".

[0051] The inclined stirring rod 612 stirs the area near the tank wall to prevent salt and alkali particles from adhering and agglomerating. The hinged blade 613 penetrates deep into the bottom of the liquid mixing chamber 41 to disperse the deposited particles and prevent sedimentation. At the same time, the vertical rod 62, which rotates synchronously with the driven frame 61, drives the swing arm 621 and scraper 622 to scrape off residual particles against the tank wall, ensuring that the salt and alkali particles are completely mixed with water to form a salt and alkali solution of uniform concentration.

[0052] Basic soil is filled into the soil cultivation chamber 31 of the soil cultivation pot 3, and halophytes are planted in the soil. The bio-diaphragm 32 (breathable but not soil-permeable, allowing roots to penetrate) installed above the soil cultivation chamber 31 can prevent soil particles from being lost with water evaporation and ensure root respiration. The separated cultivation area 321 provides growth space for the above-ground parts of the plant. By controlling the start and stop and running time of the liquid pump 42, the liquid level and soaking time of the saline solution injected into the liquid storage chamber 11 are adjusted. The soil in the soil cultivation chamber 31 continuously absorbs the saline solution through the liquid permeation hole 312, which can simulate the growth environment of different salt concentrations in natural saline-alkali land and meet the needs of multiple salt gradient experiments.

[0053] When it is necessary to observe the root growth status of halophytes, the extraction mechanism 7 removes the soil-cultivated pot 3 from the liquid storage chamber 11 by rotating the adjusting lever 713. The adjusting lever 713 engages with the threaded collar 721 of the lifting sleeve 72 to convert the rotational motion into the vertical lifting and lowering of the lifting sleeve 72 along the guide column 71 slide groove 711. The lifting sleeve 72 drives the side protrusion 33 of the soil-cultivated pot 3 through the traction frame 73 and traction rod 731, so that the soil-cultivated pot 3 is smoothly removed from the liquid storage chamber 11. When the lifting sleeve 72 rises to the top, the limiting slider 722 enters the rotating groove 712, driving the lifting sleeve 72 to rotate, which can make the soil-cultivated pot 3 deviate from the top of the liquid storage chamber 11. With the help of the scale 14 on the observation platform 13, it is convenient to observe the interaction between the root system and the soil (such as root salt secretion and rhizosphere salt distribution) from all angles, and the plant is not damaged throughout the process, ensuring the continuity of the experiment.

[0054] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes, characterized in that, The system includes a test stand and a preparation stand. The test stand is equipped with a soil-growing pot for planting halophytes. The preparation stand is fixedly installed with a preparation tank for preparing a salt-alkali solution. The preparation tank is equipped with a mixing mechanism driven by a drive mechanism. A central rod is fixedly installed at one end of the preparation stand above the preparation tank. A sun gear is fixedly installed at one end of the central rod near the preparation tank. The mixing mechanism includes a driven frame movably connected above the preparation tank. Planetary gears for driving a stirring rod are rotatably connected in the driven frame. The planetary gears are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sun gear and mesh with it. The bottom end of the stirring rod is inclined towards the inner wall of the preparation tank. A blade is hinged to the end of the stirring rod away from the gear shaft in the driven frame. One end of the blade is inclined towards the bottom wall of the preparation tank. The test stand is equipped with an extraction mechanism for separating the soil-grown pots. The extraction mechanism includes guide columns vertically distributed on the observation platform. The guide columns have a sliding groove along their axial direction. The top of the guide columns has a rotating groove that communicates with the sliding groove. A lifting sleeve is slidably connected in the sliding groove. An adjusting lever for driving the lifting sleeve is also rotatably connected to the guide column. The test stand has a liquid storage chamber for soaking the soil-grown pots. A drainage plate is fixedly installed in the test stand below the liquid storage chamber. The drainage plate has a guide surface that is inclined away from the preparation seat. The soil cultivation pot has a soil cultivation cavity for placing saline-alkali soil. One end of the soil cultivation pot located in the liquid storage cavity has a liquid permeation hole that communicates with the soil cultivation cavity. The liquid permeation holes are distributed in a ring array around the soil cultivation cavity. The soil cultivation pot also has an integrally formed side protrusion end. The soil cultivation pot is connected to the extraction mechanism through the side protrusion end. The preparation tank has a liquid preparation chamber with a funnel-shaped bottom. The preparation base is equipped with a pump for drawing out the brine solution from the preparation tank. The pump is connected to the liquid preparation chamber through an injection pipe. One end of the injection pipe, which extends to the storage chamber, is connected to a liquid equalization pipe.

2. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism also includes vertical rods symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the mixing tank. One end of the vertical rod extending into the mixing tank is hinged to a swing arm, and the end of the swing arm away from the vertical rod is hinged to a scraper. The scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tank.

3. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation tank is also equipped with a metering hopper and a water inlet. The end of the metering hopper and the water inlet closest to the preparation tank are connected to the liquid preparation chamber. The metering hopper is located above the water inlet and is externally connected to a metering pump. The water inlet is equipped with a one-way valve for controlling the on / off state.

4. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a central rotating wheel rotatably connected above the preparation tank. The central rotating wheel is fixedly installed above the driven frame, and a driven sprocket is also fixedly installed on the central rotating wheel. The driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the central rod through a bearing. The central rotating wheel is also provided with a bearing corresponding to the gear shaft on the planetary gear.

5. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a servo motor fixedly installed on the soil cultivation pot. The output shaft of the servo motor is driven by a drive sprocket. The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a transmission chain belt. The soil cultivation pot is provided with a tension adjustment component for adjusting the tension of the transmission chain belt.

6. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A biological diaphragm is detached and installed on the soil culture pot and above the soil culture cavity, and the soil culture pot is divided into cultivation areas by the biological diaphragm. The test stand is equipped with an observation platform to avoid the soil-grown pot, and the observation platform is equipped with a scale for observing the soil-grown cavity.

7. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting sleeve is fitted with the guide column with a clearance. A threaded collar that is threadedly connected to the adjusting lever is fixedly installed on the lifting sleeve. A limiting slider that is adapted to the slide groove and the rotating groove is fixedly installed outside the threaded collar.

8. The experimental apparatus for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land with halophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A traction frame is also fixedly installed outside the lifting sleeve, and the end of the traction frame away from the lifting sleeve is fixedly connected to the side protrusion end through a traction rod.

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