Compound substrate formula for promoting healthy growth of citrus root system and preparation method of compound substrate formula

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of citrus cultivation, and discloses a compound substrate formula for promoting healthy growth of citrus root systems and a preparation method of the compound substrate formula. A formula of the compound substrate for promoting healthy growth of citrus root systems comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 15-25 parts of edible fungus waste, 10-20 parts of crop straws, 8-15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10 parts of distillers' grains, 5-10 parts of vinegar residues, 3-8 parts of shell powder, 2-6 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 3-7 parts of a ternary compound fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of an EM strain and 1-4 parts of a seaweed extract. According to the formula of the compound substrate for promoting healthy growth of the citrus root system, various nutrient elements are provided through the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the like, and the rhizosphere microbial environment is adjusted in combination with the EM strain, so that the problem that currently common citrus culture substrates mostly adopt single chemical fertilizers or simple organic materials; therefore, the problems of unbalanced nutrient absorption and limited growth of the root system are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of citrus cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a compound substrate formula for promoting robust root growth in citrus and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Citrus is a perennial evergreen fruit tree belonging to the genus Citrus in the family Rutaceae. Its cultivation history can be traced back to China 4,000 years ago, and it is now widely distributed in subtropical regions worldwide. The root system, as the foundation of citrus growth and development, undertakes core functions such as supporting the tree, absorbing and transporting nutrients, and synthesizing endogenous hormones. The citrus root system consists of taproots, lateral roots, and fibrous roots, among which the fibrous roots are densely covered with root hairs and are the main organs for water and mineral absorption. A healthy root system can improve the absorption rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in citrus and synthesize key substances that regulate tree growth, such as abscisic acid and cytokinins. In modern citrus cultivation, root management has become a core technical aspect for improving quality and efficiency. Maintaining vigorous root vitality through measures such as rational soil improvement, scientific fertilization, and prevention and control of root diseases plays an irreplaceable role in achieving high and stable citrus yields, improving the sugar-acid ratio of fruits, and enhancing their appearance quality.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates currently employ single chemical fertilizers or simple organic materials. Due to the incomplete variety of nutrients and low microbial activity, this leads to problems such as uneven nutrient absorption by the root system and restricted growth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates employ single chemical fertilizers or simple organic materials, resulting in incomplete nutrient types and low microbial activity, leading to uneven root nutrient absorption and restricted growth, this application provides a composite substrate formula that promotes robust citrus root growth.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides a composite substrate formula for promoting robust root growth in citrus trees, employing the following technical solution: A compound substrate formula for promoting robust root growth in citrus trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 15-25 parts of edible fungi waste, 10-20 parts of crop straw, 8-15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10 parts of distiller's grains, 5-10 parts of vinegar residue, 3-8 parts of shell powder, 2-6 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 3-7 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of EM bacteria, and 1-4 parts of seaweed extract.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, rich organic matter and various nutrients are provided by using Chinese medicine residues, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residues. Combined with compound fertilizer to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, EM bacteria are used to regulate the rhizosphere microbial environment, and seaweed extracts are used to promote nutrient absorption. This achieves comprehensive nutrient supply and optimization of the rhizosphere microenvironment, thereby improving the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates use single chemical fertilizers or simple organic materials, which result in unbalanced root nutrient absorption and limited growth due to incomplete nutrient types and low microbial activity.

[0007] Preferably, the shell powder is prepared from the shells of oysters, whelks, clams, scallops, mussels, white clams, and razor clams.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the shell powder prepared from the shells of oysters, whelks, clams, scallops, mussels, white clams, and razor clams has a natural porous structure. After being crushed, it can effectively retain its porosity characteristics. In synergy with fibrous materials such as Chinese medicine residue and crop straw, it can improve the permeability of the substrate. At the same time, the minerals contained in the shells can also supplement some nutrients to the substrate. Therefore, the effect of optimizing the physical structure of the substrate, enhancing permeability, supplementing nutrients, and promoting the respiration and growth of citrus roots is achieved.

[0009] Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine residue undergoes biological fermentation, and after fermentation, it contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the fermented Chinese medicinal residue contains macro-elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, medium-element elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, and sulfur, and micro-elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. These elements can combine with the organic matter of the Chinese medicinal residue itself to provide diverse nutrients for the substrate. Therefore, it can supplement the substrate with nutrients, meet the needs of citrus roots for multiple nutrients, and promote root growth.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes azelaic acid, wherein the azelaic acid is present in parts by weight of 0.05-0.25.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of azelaic acid at a weight of 0.05-0.25 parts can increase the solubility of nutrients in the substrate due to its organic acid properties, while inhibiting harmful rhizosphere pathogens. It also works synergistically with organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the substrate, as well as EM bacteria. Therefore, it can improve nutrient availability, optimize the root microecological environment, enhance the disease resistance and nutrient absorption efficiency of citrus roots, and promote robust root growth.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid, wherein the γ-aminobutyric acid is present in 0.04 parts by weight and the γ-polyglutamic acid is present in 0.03 parts by weight.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, and by adding 0.04 parts by weight of γ-aminobutyric acid and 0.03 parts by weight of γ-polyglutamic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid can enhance the activity of root stress-resistant enzymes, and γ-polyglutamic acid can form a water-retaining film. The two work synergistically and, together with other nutrients and functional substances in the substrate, can activate the root stress-resistant system and maintain water balance. Therefore, the effect of improving the stress resistance of citrus roots and promoting the robust growth of roots under adverse conditions is achieved.

[0015] Preferably, the crop straw is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, and rice straw.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, one or more of corn stalks, wheat stalks, and rice stalks are used as crop straws. These straws have rich fiber structure and organic matter, which can provide nutrition in synergy with other organic raw materials. At the same time, their fiber characteristics can be combined with shell powder to maintain the looseness of the substrate and improve air permeability. Therefore, the effect of providing sufficient organic matter and a suitable physical environment for the growth of citrus roots is achieved, promoting the healthy growth of the roots.

[0017] Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure is one or more of chicken manure, cow manure, and sheep manure.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, one or more of chicken manure, cow manure, and sheep manure are used as livestock and poultry manure. These manures are rich in organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. They can work together with other organic raw materials to supplement the substrate nutrition. The loose structure formed after decomposition can help improve the permeability of the substrate. Therefore, the effect of providing comprehensive nutrition and a good growth environment for citrus roots is achieved, promoting the healthy growth of the roots.

[0019] Preferably, the lees are one or more of baijiu lees and beer lees, and the vinegar lees are one or more of rice vinegar lees and aged vinegar lees.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, since one or more of the following are used as wine lees and beer lees, and one or more of the following are used as vinegar lees and aged vinegar lees, these wine lees and vinegar lees contain organic matter and a small amount of amino acids and other nutrients, which can work together with other organic raw materials to provide diverse nutrients. Their loose structure can also enhance the permeability of the substrate. Therefore, the effect of providing nutrients and a suitable environment for the growth of citrus roots is achieved, promoting the healthy growth of the roots.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the ternary compound fertilizer is 1:1:1 to 2:1:1.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, and using a ternary compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium mass ratio of 1:1:1 to 2:1:1, this ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can match the needs of citrus root growth for the main nutrients. It works synergistically with the organic matter, trace elements, and other functional components provided by organic raw materials to provide balanced nutrition. Therefore, it can meet the reasonable needs of citrus roots for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and promote healthy root growth.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a composite substrate formula that promotes robust root growth in citrus, comprising the following steps: Mixed organic raw materials: Mix Chinese medicine residue, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residue evenly to obtain the first mixture; Mixing inorganic and nutrient components: Mix shell powder, mineral humic acid powder and ternary compound fertilizer evenly to obtain the second mixture; Preparation and fermentation of bacterial solution: Prepare bacterial solution by mixing EM bacteria with water at a mass ratio of 1:150, and then ferment the bacterial solution with the first mixture. Mixing and shaping: Mix the fermented first mixture with the second mixture and seaweed extract until homogeneous; Drying process: The mixed matrix is ​​dried to obtain the composite matrix.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application utilizes traditional Chinese medicine residues, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residues to provide abundant organic matter and various nutrients. It combines these with NPK compound fertilizer to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and uses EM bacteria to regulate the rhizosphere microbial environment, as well as seaweed extract to promote nutrient absorption. This achieves comprehensive nutrient supply and optimization of the rhizosphere microenvironment, thereby improving the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates use single chemical fertilizers or simple organic materials, which result in unbalanced root nutrient absorption and limited growth due to incomplete nutrient types and low microbial activity.

[0025] 2. This application improves the permeability of the substrate through the porous structure of shell powder, enhances the water retention capacity through mineral humic acid powder, and maintains the loose structure of the substrate through fibrous materials such as Chinese medicine residue and crop straw, thereby optimizing the physical properties of the substrate. This improves the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates use peat or single soil, which are difficult to balance in terms of permeability and water retention, resulting in root hypoxia or water supply imbalance.

[0026] 3. This application utilizes agricultural waste such as Chinese medicinal herb residue, edible fungus waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residues, combined with natural materials such as seashell powder, to reduce the substrate's dependence on non-renewable resources. This addresses the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates rely on non-renewable resources such as peat, which have limited reserves and high extraction costs, resulting in poor sustainability and high costs in substrate production.

[0027] 4. This application optimizes the root microecological environment and enhances nutrient availability by adding a specific weight of azelaic acid, thereby improving the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates use single antibacterial agents or growth promoters, which have weak root disease resistance and low nutrient absorption efficiency due to their single function and lack of synergistic effect on nutrient dissolution.

[0028] 5. This application improves the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates lack stress response components and cannot effectively regulate root physiological activities and maintain rhizosphere moisture, thus inhibiting root growth under drought or saline-alkali conditions.

[0029] 6. This application promotes root cell division and elongation and maintains osmotic balance through the synergistic effect of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid, thereby improving the problem that most commonly used citrus cultivation substrates rely on chemical regulators, which are prone to soil degradation due to long-term use and have a single effect, resulting in poor root development and reduced stress resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Technical Concept: The technical concept of this invention originates from targeted improvements to the shortcomings of citrus substrate technology. In citrus cultivation, robust root growth is crucial for ensuring plant yield and quality. However, existing citrus cultivation substrates have many problems: on the one hand, traditional substrates often use single chemical fertilizers or simple organic material mixtures, resulting in incomplete nutrient types and low microbial activity, leading to unbalanced root nutrient absorption and restricted growth; on the other hand, it is difficult to balance substrate permeability and water retention, often leading to root hypoxia or water imbalance due to the use of single materials such as peat moss; furthermore, some substrates lack targeted functional components, resulting in weak root disease resistance and stress tolerance, making growth easily inhibited under adverse conditions.

[0033] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a composite matrix formula and preparation method that combines multiple agricultural wastes to provide abundant organic matter, supplements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with ternary compound fertilizer, utilizes EM bacteria to regulate the microecology, promotes absorption with seaweed extract, introduces shell powder to optimize air permeability, enhances water retention with mineral humic acid, and further improves root performance through specific functional components.

[0034] This invention provides a composite substrate formula for promoting robust root growth in citrus trees, comprising the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 15-25 parts of edible fungi waste, 10-20 parts of crop straw, 8-15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10 parts of distiller's grains, 5-10 parts of vinegar residue, 3-8 parts of shell powder, 2-6 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 3-7 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of EM bacteria, and 1-4 parts of seaweed extract.

[0035] Specifically, medicinal herb residue, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and distiller's grains and vinegar residue provide organic matter and various nutrients as organic raw materials; the porous structure of seashell powder enhances the substrate's permeability; mineral humic acid powder enhances the substrate's water retention capacity; NPK compound fertilizer supplements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to meet the main nutritional needs of root growth; EM bacteria regulate the rhizosphere microbial environment and promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms; and seaweed extract promotes nutrient absorption by the roots. Thus, through the synergistic effect of these components, nutrition, a suitable growth environment, and favorable microecological conditions are provided for citrus root growth, thereby promoting robust citrus root growth.

[0036] Shell powder is made from the shells of oysters, whelks, clams, scallops, mussels, white clams, and razor clams.

[0037] Specifically, the shell powder, made from the shells of oysters, whelks, clams, scallops, mussels, white clams, and razor clams, retains the natural porous structure and hard texture of the shells. After being pulverized, it can effectively increase the porosity of the substrate and improve its permeability. At the same time, it works synergistically with fibrous materials such as Chinese medicine residues and crop straw to maintain the loose structure of the substrate, providing a suitable physical environment for the growth of citrus roots and promoting root respiration and growth.

[0038] After biological fermentation, the residue of traditional Chinese medicine contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum.

[0039] Specifically, the fermented Chinese medicinal herb residue contains macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, medium-quantity elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, and sulfur, and micronutrients such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. These elements can provide rich and diverse nutrients for the growth of citrus roots. Together with the organic matter in the residue, they supplement the nutrients in the substrate, meet the diverse nutritional needs of citrus roots, and promote root growth.

[0040] It also includes azelaic acid, in parts by weight of 0.05-0.25.

[0041] Specifically, azelaic acid's organic acid properties can increase the solubility of nutrients in the matrix.

[0042] It also includes γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid, with γ-aminobutyric acid in 0.04 parts by weight and γ-polyglutamic acid in 0.03 parts by weight.

[0043] Specifically, γ-aminobutyric acid can enhance the activity of root stress-resistant enzymes, and γ-polyglutamic acid can form a water-retaining film. Together with the organic matter provided by Chinese medicine residues and edible fungi waste, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supplemented by ternary compound fertilizer, the air permeability improved by shell powder, the water retention enhanced by mineral humic acid, and the rhizosphere micro-ecological environment regulated by EM bacteria, they maintain root physiological activity and water balance, and promote the healthy growth of citrus roots.

[0044] Crop straw can be one or more of the following: corn straw, wheat straw, and rice straw.

[0045] Specifically, straw has a suitable fiber structure, which can further loosen the substrate to improve air permeability.

[0046] Livestock and poultry manure can be one or more of the following: chicken manure, cow manure, and sheep manure.

[0047] Specifically, the feces contain organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which can meet the growth needs of citrus roots and promote healthy root growth.

[0048] The lees are one or more of baijiu lees and beer lees, and the vinegar lees are one or more of rice vinegar lees and aged vinegar lees.

[0049] Specifically, distiller's grains and vinegar lees contain abundant organic matter and small amounts of nutrients such as amino acids, which can enhance the nutritional diversity of the substrate.

[0050] The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in ternary compound fertilizer is 1:1:1 to 2:1:1.

[0051] Specifically, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 1:1:1 to 2:1:1 can specifically supplement the main nutrients needed for the growth of citrus roots, and can meet the balanced needs of the roots for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

[0052] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A method for preparing a composite substrate formula to promote robust root growth in citrus trees includes the following steps: Mixed organic raw materials: Mix Chinese medicine residue, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residue evenly to obtain the first mixture; Mixing inorganic and nutrient components: Mix shell powder, mineral humic acid powder and ternary compound fertilizer evenly to obtain the second mixture; Preparation and fermentation of bacterial solution: Prepare bacterial solution by mixing EM bacteria with water at a mass ratio of 1:150, and then ferment the bacterial solution with the first mixture. Mixing and shaping: Mix the fermented first mixture with the second mixture and seaweed extract until homogeneous; Drying process: The mixed matrix is ​​dried to obtain the composite matrix.

[0053] Specifically, the process involves mixing Chinese medicinal herb residue, edible fungus waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains, and vinegar residue to form a first mixture; mixing shell powder, mineral humic acid powder, and ternary compound fertilizer to form a second mixture; preparing a bacterial solution by mixing EM bacteria with water at a mass ratio of 1:150 and fermenting it with the first mixture; then mixing the fermented first mixture with the second mixture and seaweed extract, followed by drying to ensure thorough integration of all raw material components, decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and even distribution of nutrients. The EM bacteria effectively regulate the rhizosphere microecology, and the resulting composite matrix provides comprehensive nutrition, a suitable physical environment, and favorable microecological conditions for citrus roots, promoting robust root growth.

[0054] The raw materials used in this embodiment and comparative example are from the following sources: Chinese medicine residue: It comes from the waste residue of Chinese medicine processing plants, and its main components are the residues of medicinal plants such as angelica and astragalus. Edible fungi waste: Discarded culture medium after shiitake mushroom cultivation; Crop straw: One or more types of corn straw and wheat straw crushed to 2-3cm; Livestock and poultry manure: one or more types of chicken manure and cow manure that have been dried and sterilized; Distiller's grains: Distiller's grains, a byproduct of alcohol factories; Vinegar lees: Rice vinegar lees, a byproduct of vinegar factories; Shell powder: Oyster and scallop shells that have been crushed through a 100-mesh sieve; Mineral humic acid powder: purchased from an agricultural supplies market, humic acid content ≥70%; Ternary compound fertilizer: Commercially available, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mass ratio of 1:1:1; EM bacteria: A compound bacterial agent containing photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, with a live bacteria count ≥10. 8CFU / g; Seaweed extract: Powder extracted from brown algae through enzymatic hydrolysis, containing ≥30% seaweed polysaccharides; Azelaic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, and γ-polyglutamic acid: all are commercially available analytical grade reagents.

[0055] Example 1 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth, comprising, by weight: 20 parts of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 15 parts of edible fungus waste, 10 parts of corn stalks, 8 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of liquor lees, 5 parts of rice vinegar lees, 3 parts of seashell powder, 2 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 3 parts of NPK compound fertilizer (1:1:1 ratio), 0.5 parts of EM bacteria, and 1 part of seaweed extract.

[0056] Preparation method: Mixed organic raw materials: Mix the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine residue, edible fungus waste, corn stalks, chicken manure, liquor lees, and rice vinegar lees evenly to obtain the first mixture; Mixing inorganic and nutrient components: Mix shell powder, mineral humic acid powder and ternary compound fertilizer evenly to obtain the second mixture; Preparation and fermentation of bacterial solution: Prepare bacterial solution by mixing EM bacteria with water (the concentration of bacterial solution should be such that it can moisten the surface of the first mixture), and then ferment it after mixing with the first mixture; Mixing and shaping: Mix the fermented first mixture with the second mixture and seaweed extract until homogeneous; Drying process: The mixed matrix is ​​naturally dried to obtain the composite matrix.

[0057] Example 2 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth, comprising, by weight: 25 parts of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 20 parts of edible fungus waste, 15 parts of wheat straw, 12 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of brewer's grains, 8 parts of aged vinegar residue, 5 parts of seashell powder, 4 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 5 parts of NPK compound fertilizer (1.5:1:1), 1.2 parts of EM bacteria, and 2.5 parts of seaweed extract.

[0058] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Example 3 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth, comprising, by weight: 30 portions of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 25 portions of edible fungi waste, 20 portions of rice straw, 15 portions of sheep manure, 10 portions of liquor lees, 10 portions of rice vinegar lees, 8 portions of seashell powder, 6 portions of mineral humic acid powder, 7 portions of NPK 2:1:1 compound fertilizer, 2 portions of EM bacteria, and 4 portions of seaweed extract.

[0060] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Example 4 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth is based on Example 2, with the addition of 0.15 parts of azelaic acid, and the remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0062] Example 5 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth is based on Example 2, with the addition of 0.04 parts of γ-aminobutyric acid and 0.03 parts of γ-polyglutamic acid, while the remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0063] Example 6 A composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth differs from Example 2 in that the crop straw is a mixture of corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of corn straw to wheat straw of 1:1. The remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0064] Example 7 A composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth differs from Example 2 in that: the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of chicken manure and cow manure, with a mass ratio of chicken manure to cow manure of 1:2; the remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0065] Example 8 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth differs from Example 2 in that: the lees are a mixture of baijiu lees and beer lees, with a mass ratio of baijiu lees to beer lees of 1:1; the vinegar lees are a mixture of rice vinegar lees and aged vinegar lees, with a mass ratio of rice vinegar lees to aged vinegar lees of 1:1; and the remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0066] Example 9 A compound substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth differs from Example 2 in that the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the ternary compound fertilizer is 1.8:1:1, while the remaining raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0067] Comparative Example 1 Formula: 5 parts compound fertilizer, 95 parts garden soil, mix evenly. Preparation method: Directly mix the fertilizer and garden soil.

[0068] Comparative Example 2 Formula: 30 parts peat, 10 parts well-rotted chicken manure, and 60 parts garden soil, mixed evenly. Preparation method: Mix all ingredients directly.

[0069] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 2 is that it does not contain EM bacteria, while the other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0070] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 2 is that it does not contain seashell powder, but the other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0071] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 2 is that it does not contain seaweed extract, but the other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 2.

[0072] To verify the effectiveness of the composite matrix of this application, a citrus seedling cultivation experiment was conducted on the matrices of the above embodiments and comparative examples, and the following indicators were tested: Root growth indicators: After 3 months of cultivation, the length of the longest taproot of the seedling and the fresh weight of the roots after washing were measured. Rhizosphere microbial activity: The number of actinomycetes and beneficial bacteria in rhizosphere soil was determined by plate counting method; Matrix physical properties: The total porosity of the matrix is ​​measured to form an air permeability index, and the maximum water holding capacity is measured to form a water retention index; Stress resistance index: Reduce watering frequency by 30% to simulate drought conditions, and measure root survival rate after one month of cultivation.

[0073] The test results for each indicator are shown in the table below:

[0074] Based on the table above: Comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the composite matrix of this application significantly improves root length, root fresh weight and the number of beneficial bacteria through the synergistic effect of organic materials such as Chinese medicine residue and edible fungus waste with ternary compound fertilizer, EM bacteria and seaweed extract, thus solving the problem of limited root growth caused by incomplete nutrients and low microbial activity in traditional matrix.

[0075] Comparing Example 2 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the addition of shell powder increased the total porosity of the matrix from 38.5% to 51.7%, indicating that its porous structure effectively optimized the air permeability and solved the problem of insufficient air permeability of traditional matrices; while the addition of mineral humic acid ensured that the maximum water holding capacity was about 58%, achieving a balance between air permeability and water retention.

[0076] Comparing Example 2 with Comparative Examples 3 and 5, it can be seen that EM strains can significantly increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere, from 18.2 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g increased to 35.8×10 6 CFU / g, seaweed extract can promote root absorption, increasing the fresh weight of roots from 9.6g to 12.3g, and the two together enhance root vitality.

[0077] The drought survival rates of Example 4 containing azelaic acid and Example 5 containing γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid reached 90% and 93%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 88% of Example 2. This indicates that the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid further improved the root system's stress resistance and disease resistance, and solved the problem of insufficient stress resistance function of traditional substrates.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite substrate formula for promoting robust root growth in citrus trees, characterized in that, It includes the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of Chinese medicinal herb residue, 15-25 parts of edible fungi waste, 10-20 parts of crop straw, 8-15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 5-10 parts of distiller's grains, 5-10 parts of vinegar residue, 3-8 parts of shell powder, 2-6 parts of mineral humic acid powder, 3-7 parts of compound fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of EM bacteria, and 1-4 parts of seaweed extract.

2. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell powder is made from the shells of oysters, whelks, clams, scallops, mussels, white clams, and razor clams.

3. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medicinal residue undergoes biological fermentation, and after fermentation, it contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum.

4. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes azelaic acid, wherein the azelaic acid is present in parts by weight of 0.05-0.

25.

5. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-polyglutamic acid, wherein the γ-aminobutyric acid is present in 0.04 parts by weight and the γ-polyglutamic acid is present in 0.03 parts by weight.

6. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crop straw is one or more of corn straw, wheat straw, and rice straw.

7. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The livestock and poultry manure is one or more of chicken manure, cow manure, and sheep manure.

8. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lees are one or more of baijiu lees and beer lees, and the vinegar lees are one or more of rice vinegar lees and aged vinegar lees.

9. The composite substrate formula for promoting robust citrus root growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the ternary compound fertilizer is 1:1:1 to 2:1:

1.

10. A method for preparing a composite substrate formulation for promoting robust citrus root growth, applied to the composite substrate formulation for promoting robust citrus root growth as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mixed organic raw materials: Mix Chinese medicine residue, edible fungi waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, distiller's grains and vinegar residue evenly to obtain the first mixture; Mixing inorganic and nutrient components: Mix shell powder, mineral humic acid powder and ternary compound fertilizer evenly to obtain the second mixture; Preparation and fermentation of bacterial solution: Prepare bacterial solution by mixing EM bacteria with water at a mass ratio of 1:150, and then ferment the bacterial solution with the first mixture. Mixing and shaping: Mix the fermented first mixture with the second mixture and seaweed extract until homogeneous; Drying process: The mixed matrix is ​​dried to obtain the composite matrix.

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