A hatch cover jacking construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a hatch cover jacking construction method and relates to the technical field of ship building. The hatch cover jacking construction method is characterized in that: a hatch cover jacking device is installed on the hatch cover, a structure reinforcing device is installed on the hatch coaming in a matched mode, the hatch cover is once positioned on the ship accurately, a limiting tool is installed on the hatch coaming, the position of the hatch cover is limited by the limiting tool, the hatch cover is jacked by a jack, a first temporary supporting tool is arranged under the hatch cover in a matched mode, it is judged whether the hatch cover needs to be jacked again, if the hatch cover needs to be jacked again, a heightening base is arranged under the jack, the hatch cover is jacked again by the jack, a second temporary supporting tool is arranged under the hatch cover in a matched mode, hatch cover accessories are installed according to installation requirements, and the hatch cover is lowered. The method solves the problem that the hatch cover needs to be hoisted repeatedly in the ship building process, reduces the excessive occupation of the crane resources and the site resources, and is simple, efficient, safe and controllable in construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, specifically to a method for lifting hatch covers. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of container ships, hatch covers are used to enclose cargo holds and must possess sufficient strength and stability to support the weight of containers above deck. Interlocking accessories, such as anti-jump devices, elastic support blocks, limiting devices, and sealing devices, are installed between the hatch covers and the hatch coaming. During shipbuilding, the hatch covers are repeatedly detached from and re-closed over the hatch to ensure the accessories are properly fitted, installed, and functionally tested.

[0003] Currently, the operations of detaching and closing hatch covers from the hatch coaming generally involve direct lifting with a crane, or using large jigs to clamp the hatch cover at its four corners, and then using jacks to lift the jigs and detach the hatch cover from the coaming. However, using cranes to lift hatch covers presents challenges. Given the large number of hatch covers on container ships, using cranes for all hatch cover installations would create significant crane overhead, severely impacting other lifting operations. Furthermore, limited crane resources prevent large-scale parallel hatch cover installations, extending the shipbuilding cycle. Additionally, the limited load capacity of dockside cranes means some hatch covers cannot be installed at the dock, and the lifting process is susceptible to weather conditions, requiring storage in other areas after removal from the hatch. Using large jigs to clamp the hatch cover at its four corners and lift it also consumes crane resources due to the weight and complexity of the jigs, and the fact that the jigs also require crane lifting for installation on board.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a hatch cover lifting construction method to solve the problem of repeated hatch cover hoisting during ship construction and reduce the excessive occupation of crane and site resources during ship construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a hatch cover lifting construction method that reduces the occupancy rate of crane and site resources, allows for parallel operations, and features a simple, efficient, safe, and controllable construction method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A method for lifting hatch covers includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Install the hatch cover top support device on the hatch cover;

[0009] Step 2: Install structural reinforcement devices on the hatch coaming;

[0010] Step 3: Accurately position the hatch cover before loading it onto the ship;

[0011] Step 4: Install the limiting fixture on the hatch coaming;

[0012] Step 5: Use jacks to lift the hatch cover and set up the first temporary support fixture below the hatch cover;

[0013] Step 6: Determine whether the hatch cover needs to be lifted again based on the lifting height of the hatch cover. If the hatch cover needs to be lifted again, set up a heightening base under the jack, use the jack to lift the hatch cover a second time, and set up a second temporary support fixture under the hatch cover.

[0014] Step 7: Install hatch cover accessories;

[0015] Step 8: Lower the hatch cover.

[0016] Preferably, in step 1, multiple hatch cover top support devices are provided on the enclosure wall of the hatch cover;

[0017] The hatch cover support device is configured as a pair of support socket structures, namely a high support socket and a low support socket. The high support socket is set at the top of the hatch cover enclosure wall and is used for jacking up the hatch cover. The low support socket is used for temporary support equipment to support the hatch cover.

[0018] The high-position support socket and the low-position support socket have the same structure, including a support socket top plate, a support socket vertical plate and a support socket bottom plate. The support socket vertical plate is vertically arranged between the support socket top plate and the support socket bottom plate and is welded to the support socket top plate and the support socket bottom plate. The support socket top plate, the support socket vertical plate and the support socket bottom plate are all welded to the enclosure of the hatch cover.

[0019] Preferably, in step 2, according to the installation position of the hatch cover top support device on the hatch cover, after the hatch cover is installed on the ship, a structural reinforcement device is set at the position opposite to the hatch cover top support device. The structural reinforcement device is fixed to the bottom of the hatch cover panel and is used to strengthen the structural strength at the relative position of the hatch cover and the hatch cover top support device.

[0020] Preferably, in step 3, during the hull assembly stage, the hatch cover is hoisted onto the ship and positioned once according to the preset installation position of the hatch cover, so that the top surface of the hatch cover is horizontal relative to the hull, and the hatch cover is positioned longitudinally and laterally.

[0021] Preferably, in step 4, after the hatch cover is positioned, a limiting fixture is installed on the top of the hatch coaming to limit the position of the hatch cover. The installation height of the limiting fixture is set according to the limiting requirements when the hatch cover is raised to the maximum required height. During the installation process, a hatch cover accessory fixed to the hatch cover is used to limit the longitudinal and lateral positions of the limiting fixture. A gap is preset between the limiting fixture and the hatch cover accessory.

[0022] Preferably, in step 5, a jack is installed below the high-position support socket of the hatch cover top support device. After the jack is controlled to lift the hatch cover to the upper limit of the jack's lifting stroke, a first temporary support fixture is installed below the low-position support socket of the hatch cover top support device to support the hatch cover.

[0023] Preferably, the heightening base includes a base bottom plate, a heightening column, and a base top plate; the base bottom plate is fixed to the top of the hatch coaming panel; the heightening column is disposed between the base bottom plate and the base top plate, and is fixed to the base bottom plate with a reinforcing elbow plate at the bottom, and a handrail is provided on the side wall; the base top plate is provided with welded metal to form a boss for fixing the jack.

[0024] Preferably, the first temporary support fixture and the second temporary support fixture have the same structure, including a support base plate, a support pipe and a support top plate, wherein the support pipe is fixed between the support base plate and the support top plate, and a handle is provided on the side wall of the support pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the jack, the first temporary support fixture, and the second temporary support fixture are all fixed to the hatch cover using protective devices.

[0026] Preferably, the protective device is a small chain and a clamping fixture.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) The method of the present invention installs a hatch cover top support device on the side wall of the hatch cover, and uses a jack to lift the support socket in the hatch cover top support device to drive the hatch cover to rise. This reduces the use of cranes during on-site construction, saves crane resources, and the installation position of the support socket in the hatch cover top support device is not limited, with a wide range of applications. The support socket is installed along with the hatch cover and is permanently retained. After the hatch cover arrives at the factory and is loaded onto the ship, it can be used directly for lifting. After use, there is no need for cutting, grinding, or repainting, which greatly reduces the workload of subsequent processes.

[0029] (2) The method of the present invention uses jacks to lift the hatch cover, which is quick, convenient, stable and efficient. In addition, the use of limiting fixtures during the lifting of the hatch cover effectively ensures the safety of the hatch cover lifting construction.

[0030] (3) The method of the present invention uses jacks and temporary support tools to alternately support the hatch cover, so that the lifting height of the hatch cover meets the construction requirements. This solves the problem that the crane cannot lift the hatch cover due to the limited lifting capacity of the crane at the dock stage, shortens the construction cycle, and reduces the risk of collision during lifting. It solves the problem that the hatch cover needs to be repeatedly lifted when it is removed from the hatch coaming, which occupies a lot of crane resources, and avoids the occupation of the site by storing the hatch cover off the ship. The construction process is simple and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hatch cover lifting construction method according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the hatch cover of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-position support socket in the hatch cover top support device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the low-position support socket in the hatch cover top support device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support socket of the present invention; in the figure, (a) is a front view of the support socket, (b) is a view of the support socket along direction a, and (c) is a cross-sectional view of the support socket along AA.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural reinforcement device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting tooling of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the jack lifting the hatch cover in one operation according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first temporary support fixture used in the present invention for bearing load.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first temporary support fixture of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary lifting of the hatch cover by the jack of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a second temporary support fixture for load-bearing in this invention.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the height-increasing base of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Hatch cover; 2. High-level support socket; 201. Top plate of support socket; 202. Vertical plate of support socket; 203. Bottom plate of support socket; 3. Low-level support socket; 4. Structural reinforcement device; 5. Jack; 6. Hatch coaming panel; 7. Limiting fixture; 8. Hatch cover accessory; 9. First temporary support fixture; 901. Support base plate; 902. Support pipe; 903. Support top plate; 904. Handle; 10. Protective device; 11. Heightening base; 1101. Base base plate; 1102. Heightening column; 1103. Base top plate; 1104. Reinforcing elbow plate; 1105. Handrail; 1106. Boss; 12. Second temporary support fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0045] This invention provides a method for constructing a hatch cover lifting system. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0047] This embodiment proposes a method for constructing a hatch cover by lifting it, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Install the hatch cover top support device on the hatch cover.

[0049] To ensure the stability of the hatch cover support, four sets of hatch cover top support devices are evenly installed on the enclosure of hatch cover 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the hatch cover support device is configured as a pair of support socket structures, namely a high-position support socket 2 and a low-position support socket 3. The high-position support socket and the low-position support socket are manufactured and installed simultaneously with the hatch cover. The high-position support socket is located at the top of the hatch cover's enclosure wall and is used for jacking up the hatch cover, as shown. Figure 3 As shown; the low-position support socket is used for temporary support of the tooling to support the hatch cover, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0050] The high-position support socket and the low-position support socket have the same structure, including a top plate 201, a vertical plate 202, and a bottom plate 203. Figure 5 As shown, the support plate is vertically positioned between the top plate and the bottom plate of the support socket, and is welded to the top plate and the bottom plate of the support socket respectively. The top plate, the support plate, and the bottom plate of the support socket are all welded to the enclosure of the hatch cover.

[0051] Preferably, the support plate 202 of the support post is aligned with the structural reinforcement device 4 of the hatch coaming. The top support strength of the support post is determined according to the weight bearing requirements of the hatch cover. If necessary, the support post or hatch cover is structurally reinforced, for example by thickening the top plate of the support post.

[0052] Based on the operating space required for subsequent jacking of the hatch cover and the addition of temporary support fixtures, the installation positions of the high-position support socket and the low-position support socket are set. The installation positions of the support sockets should avoid interference with the installation positions of the lashing bridge and hatch cover accessories, and the installation positions of the support sockets and their structural reinforcement devices should not affect the subsequent actual use of the ship. They should be retained in consultation with the shipowner to avoid the need for subsequent cutting, grinding, and repainting of the support sockets. Furthermore, the installation position of the high-position support socket is set according to the initial stroke state of jack 5, so that when the hatch cover is placed on the hatch coaming and not yet lifted, the height of the gap between it and the hatch coaming is just enough to insert the jack in its initial stroke state.

[0053] Step 2: Install structural reinforcement devices on the hatch coaming.

[0054] Based on the installation position of the hatch cover top support device, the structural strength of the hatch coaming opposite the position of the support post after the hatch cover is installed on the ship is checked. According to the load-bearing requirements of the jacks and temporary support fixtures, to prevent structural deformation of the hatch coaming panel 6 during the jacking process, a structural reinforcement device is installed at the position corresponding to the hatch cover top support device. This structural reinforcement device is fabricated and installed simultaneously with the section construction. The structural reinforcement device is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, it is fixed to the bottom of the hatch coaming panel to enhance the structural strength of the hatch coaming and the hatch cover top support device at their relative positions.

[0055] In this embodiment, the structural reinforcement device is designed according to the requirements of the ship's structure. In order to avoid the grinding and repainting work after the removal, the structural reinforcement device is retained after installation without being removed.

[0056] Step 3: Accurately position the hatch cover before loading it onto the ship.

[0057] During the hull assembly phase, the hatch cover is hoisted onto the ship and positioned according to its preset installation location. This ensures that the top surface of the hatch cover is horizontal relative to the hull. The hatch cover is then positioned longitudinally and laterally to ensure that the horizontal positioning dimensions meet the relevant tolerance requirements for hatch cover installation.

[0058] Step 4: Install the limiting fixture on the hatch coaming.

[0059] After the hatch cover is positioned, install the limiting fixture 7 on the top of the hatch coaming to restrict the position of the hatch cover, such as... Figure 7As shown, this avoids large horizontal displacement of the hatch cover during subsequent lifting, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the hatch cover. The limiting fixture is made of profile and is vertically welded to the hatch coaming panel 6. Its installation position is limited longitudinally and laterally by the hatch cover accessory 8. There is a 2mm gap between the limiting fixture and the hatch cover accessory 8. At the same time, the installation height of the limiting fixture is set according to the limiting requirements when the hatch cover is lifted to the maximum required height, so that the height of the limiting fixture meets the limiting requirements when the hatch cover is lifted to the maximum required height, and meets the requirements of the ship's longitudinal and transverse trim and the stopping strength under adverse weather conditions during the dock stage.

[0060] Step 5: Use jacks to lift the hatch cover and set up the first temporary support fixture 9 below the hatch cover.

[0061] A jack is installed below the high-level support socket of the hatch cover top support device. The jack is controlled to raise the hatch cover to the upper limit of its lifting stroke. Figure 8 As shown.

[0062] Preferably, in order to ensure the speed, safety and synchronization of the lifting operation, the jacks are synchronous electric hydraulic jacks. At the same time, the jacks should also have independent lifting function, automatic pressure holding and pressure replenishment function, automatic mechanical self-locking pressure holding and explosion-proof function, lifting stroke reading function, and be able to make local fine adjustments so that the heavy objects can fall back smoothly. In addition, the weight of a single jack should be easy for personnel to handle.

[0063] To ensure the safety of construction workers, workers around the hatch cover must wear safety belts during the jacking process to prevent falls from height.

[0064] Furthermore, a first temporary support fixture is installed below the hatch cover. After the hatch cover is lifted using jacks, the jacks are lowered slightly, and the low-position support column is placed on top of the first temporary support fixture. The first temporary support fixture is then used to support the hatch cover. Figure 9 As shown. The first temporary support fixture has sufficient strength to meet the load-bearing requirements. The height of the first temporary support fixture should match the required support height after the hatch cover is first lifted. Furthermore, the first temporary support fixture should be lightweight and easy for personnel to handle and install. Specifically, the first temporary support fixture includes a support base plate 901, a support pipe 902, and a support top plate 903. The support pipe is fixed between the support base plate and the support top plate. A handle 904 is provided on the side wall of the support pipe. Figure 10 As shown.

[0065] Meanwhile, in order to prevent the hatch cover from accidentally slipping off and falling, a protective device 10 is used to fix the jack, the first temporary support fixture and the hatch cover. In this embodiment, the protective device is set as a small chain and a clamping fixture.

[0066] Step 6: Determine whether the hatch cover needs to be raised again based on its current lifting height. If it needs to be raised again, then, based on step 5, install a heightening base 11 below the jacks and use the jacks to raise the hatch cover a second time. Figure 11 As shown, a second temporary support fixture 12 is installed below the hatch cover, as follows. Figure 12 As shown. The second temporary support fixture is a high-type temporary support fixture with the same structure as the first temporary support fixture, including a support base plate, a support pipe and a support top plate. The support pipe is fixed between the support base plate and the support top plate, and a handle is provided on the side wall of the support pipe.

[0067] Preferably, the second temporary support fixture should have sufficient strength to meet load-bearing requirements, be lightweight for easy handling and installation, and its height should match the required support height after the hatch cover is lifted a second time. Meanwhile, to prevent the hatch cover from accidentally slipping and falling off, a protective device is used to secure the second temporary support fixture to the hatch cover. In this embodiment, the protective device is a small chain and clamping fixture.

[0068] Furthermore, the heightening base 11 includes a base bottom plate 1101, a heightening column 1102, and a base top plate 1103, as shown below. Figure 13 As shown, the base plate 1101 is fixed to the top of the hatch coaming panel 6; the lifting column 1102 is located between the base plate 1101 and the base top plate 1103, and is fixed to the base plate with a reinforcing elbow plate 1104 at the bottom, and a handrail 1105 is provided on the side wall; the base top plate is reinforced with welded metal to form a boss 1106 for fixing the jack and preventing it from slipping. Meanwhile, the height of the lifting base should ensure that the gap between the bottom surface of the high-position support socket on the hatch cover and the top surface of the lifting base before the hatch cover is lifted a second time is just enough to insert the jack in its initial stroke state.

[0069] Step 7: Install hatch cover accessory 8 according to the installation requirements of the hatch cover accessory.

[0070] Step 8: Lower the hatch cover.

[0071] Following the reverse order of steps 5 to 8, the lifting base, the second temporary support fixture, the first temporary support fixture, the jacks, and other devices are removed in sequence to allow the hatch cover to fall back down, thus completing the hatch cover lifting operation.

[0072] In summary, the method of the present invention not only solves the problem of repeated hoisting operations and the occupation of a large number of crane resources when the hatch cover is removed from the hatch coaming, but also solves the problem that the cranes at the dock stage are limited by their lifting capacity and cannot carry out hatch cover hoisting. It expands the working area for simultaneous construction of hatch covers, shortens the construction cycle, avoids the risk of collisions during hoisting construction, and reduces the occupation of the site for storing hatch covers after they are unloaded from the ship.

[0073] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a hatch cover lifting system, characterized in that, The steps include the following: Step 1: Install the hatch cover top support device on the hatch cover; Step 2: Install structural reinforcement devices on the hatch coaming; Step 3: Accurately position the hatch cover before loading it onto the ship; Step 4: Install the limiting fixture on the hatch coaming; Step 5: Use jacks to lift the hatch cover and set up the first temporary support fixture below the hatch cover; Step 6: Determine whether the hatch cover needs to be lifted again based on the lifting height of the hatch cover. If the hatch cover needs to be lifted again, set up a heightening base under the jack, use the jack to lift the hatch cover a second time, and set up a second temporary support fixture under the hatch cover. Step 7: Install hatch cover accessories; Step 8: Lower the hatch cover; In step 1, multiple hatch cover top support devices are installed on the enclosure wall of the hatch cover. The hatch cover support device is configured as a pair of support socket structures, namely a high support socket and a low support socket. The high support socket is set at the top of the hatch cover enclosure wall and is used for jacking up the hatch cover. The low support socket is used for temporary support equipment to support the hatch cover. The high-position support socket and the low-position support socket have the same structure, including a support socket top plate, a support socket vertical plate and a support socket bottom plate. The support socket vertical plate is vertically arranged between the support socket top plate and the support socket bottom plate and is welded to the support socket top plate and the support socket bottom plate. The support socket top plate, the support socket vertical plate and the support socket bottom plate are all welded to the enclosure wall of the hatch cover. In step 4, after the hatch cover is positioned, a limiting fixture is installed on the top of the hatch coaming to limit the position of the hatch cover. The installation height of the limiting fixture is set according to the limiting requirements when the hatch cover is raised to the maximum required height. During the installation process, a hatch cover accessory fixed on the hatch cover is used to limit the longitudinal and lateral positions of the limiting fixture. There is a pre-set gap between the limiting fixture and the hatch cover accessory. In step 5, a jack is set below the high-position support socket of the hatch cover top support device. After the jack is controlled to lift the hatch cover to the upper limit of the jack's lifting stroke, a first temporary support fixture is set below the low-position support socket of the hatch cover top support device to support the hatch cover.

2. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, according to the installation position of the hatch cover top support device on the hatch cover, after the hatch cover is installed on the ship, a structural reinforcement device is set at the position opposite to the hatch cover top support device. The structural reinforcement device is fixed to the bottom of the hatch cover panel and is used to strengthen the structural strength at the relative position of the hatch cover top support device.

3. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, during the hull assembly stage, the hatch cover is hoisted onto the ship and positioned according to its preset installation position, so that the top surface of the hatch cover is horizontal relative to the hull, and the hatch cover is positioned longitudinally and laterally.

4. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heightening base includes a base bottom plate, a heightening column, and a base top plate; the base bottom plate is fixed to the top of the hatch coaming panel; the heightening column is located between the base bottom plate and the base top plate, and is fixed to the base bottom plate with a reinforcing elbow plate at the bottom, and a handrail is provided on the side wall; the base top plate is made of welded metal to form a boss for fixing the jack.

5. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first temporary support fixture and the second temporary support fixture have the same structure, including a support base plate, a support pipe and a support top plate. The support pipe is fixed between the support base plate and the support top plate, and a handle is provided on the side wall of the support pipe.

6. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The jack, the first temporary support fixture, and the second temporary support fixture are all fixed to the hatch cover with protective devices.

7. The hatch cover lifting construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protective device consists of a small chain and a clamping fixture.

Images