Impedance matching adaptive radio frequency cable

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, and particularly discloses an impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable, which comprises a radio frequency cable body; an impedance monitoring unit and an impedance adjusting unit are arranged in the radio frequency cable body; the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjusting unit are signal-connected with an impedance control unit outside the radio frequency cable body; the impedance monitoring unit is used for monitoring the reflection wave and the standing wave ratio of the radio frequency cable body in real time; the impedance control unit is used for obtaining a real-time impedance value and matching the real-time impedance value with a target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value is not matched with the target impedance value, an impedance adjusting instruction is output to the impedance adjusting unit; and the impedance adjusting unit is used for performing an impedance adjusting action on the radio frequency cable body. The application can dynamically optimize and adjust the impedance matching of the radio frequency cable body, thereby reliably meeting the technical requirement of modern high-frequency communication equipment on dynamic performance optimization, and being beneficial to improving the transmission performance and environmental adaptability of the communication system where the radio frequency cable is located.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable, in particular to an impedance matching adaptive radio frequency cable. BACKGROUND

[0002] The radio frequency cable is the key medium for signal transmission in high frequency communication technology, and has technical requirements for impedance design, which is particularly prominent in the working environment of 5G communication systems, satellite communication systems, high-speed radar systems or radio frequency test equipment. The radio frequency cable realizes impedance matching by impedance design, reduces signal reflection and standing wave loss.

[0003] For a long time, the impedance design of the radio frequency cable adopts a fixed impedance mode, such as 50 ohm fixed impedance or 75 ohm fixed impedance. However, in the actual working environment, the radio frequency cable is directly affected by many factors such as environmental temperature change, mechanical bending, aging and connector plugging, which causes the impedance of the radio frequency cable to change, and further causes the VSWR to rise, which directly reduces the performance of the communication system in which the radio frequency cable is located, including transmission efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, in order to match the impedance of the radio frequency cable, the impedance of the radio frequency cable needs to be adjusted. There are two current impedance adjustment techniques for the radio frequency cable. One is to manually adjust the matching circuit of the communication system in which the radio frequency cable is located, which is outside the radio frequency cable. The other is to use a manually adjustable matching network. However, no matter which impedance adjustment technique is used, the radio frequency cable itself does not have the function of adaptive impedance matching, and the adjustment has a lag, poor real-time performance, and the debugging operation process is relatively complex and inconvenient, which also increases the maintenance cost of the communication system in which the radio frequency cable is located. Therefore, the current impedance matching adjustment technology for the radio frequency cable cannot meet the technical requirements of modern high frequency communication equipment for dynamic performance optimization. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical purpose of the present application is to provide an impedance matching adaptive radio frequency cable to meet the technical requirements of modern high frequency communication equipment for dynamic performance optimization.

[0006] The technical purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme, an impedance matching adaptive radio frequency cable, comprising a radio frequency cable body;

[0007] The radio frequency cable body is arranged with an impedance monitoring unit and an impedance adjustment unit, and the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjustment unit are signal connected with an impedance control unit outside the radio frequency cable body;

[0008] The impedance monitoring unit monitors the reflection wave and the standing wave ratio of the radio frequency cable body in real time during signal transmission of the radio frequency cable body, and feeds back to the impedance control unit;

[0009] The impedance control unit analyzes the real-time monitoring data fed back by the impedance monitoring unit, obtains a real-time impedance value, and matches the real-time impedance value with a set target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value and the target impedance value are not matched, the impedance control unit outputs an impedance adjustment instruction to the impedance adjustment unit;

[0010] The impedance adjustment unit performs impedance adjustment action on the radio frequency cable body according to the impedance adjustment instruction output by the impedance control unit.

[0011] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjustment unit are paired in multiple groups, and each group is arranged in a segmented manner in the length direction of the radio frequency cable body.

[0012] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the radio frequency cable further has a power supply unit;

[0013] The power supply unit is used to supply power to the impedance control unit, the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjustment unit.

[0014] Further, the power supply unit is a radio frequency energy recovery circuit structure or a low-loss parallel power supply circuit structure.

[0015] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the impedance monitoring unit is a microwave probe structure, a capacitor array structure or a standing wave detection circuit structure.

[0016] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the impedance adjustment unit is arranged inside the radio frequency cable body or at the cable port, and dynamically adjusts the local impedance of the radio frequency cable body.

[0017] Further, the impedance adjustment unit is a variable capacitance diode array adjustable capacitor structure, an inductance array adjustable capacitor structure or a MEMS adjustable capacitor structure.

[0018] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the impedance control unit has a microcontroller and a field programmable gate array or a special integrated circuit.

[0019] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the impedance control unit realizes adaptive adjustment control of impedance matching according to the following relationship:

[0020] ;

[0021] In the formula, u(t) is the deviation correction signal output by the impedance control unit;

[0022] e(t) is an impedance deviation value, e(t) = r(t) - y(t) wherein r（t） is a target impedance value, y(t) is a real-time impedance value;

[0023] K p is a proportional coefficient;

[0024] K i is an integral coefficient;

[0025] K d is a differential coefficient;

[0026] t is time;

[0027] e(t) is an integral sign of the impedance deviation value e(t)

[0028] τ is an integral sign of time 0- t

[0029] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the radio frequency cable body is a coaxial cable for a 5G communication system, a satellite communication system, a high-speed radar system or a radio frequency test device, and has a center conductor, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a sheath layer arranged in sequence from inside to outside.

[0030] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are: the above technical measures are aimed at the technical requirements of impedance design of the above radio frequency cable, the impedance monitoring unit, the impedance control unit and the impedance adjusting unit arranged directly on the radio frequency cable body, and the real-time monitoring data obtained by the impedance monitoring unit are used to timely and reliably guide the impedance adjusting unit to dynamically optimize and adjust the impedance matching of the radio frequency cable body, so that the radio frequency cable reaches the adaptive adjustment of impedance matching, and the standing wave loss is reliably reduced, thereby reliably meeting the technical needs of dynamic performance optimization of modern high-frequency communication equipment, and being beneficial to improving the transmission performance and environmental adaptability of the communication system of the radio frequency cable, and having good adaptability in the working condition environment of the 5G communication system, the satellite communication system, the high-speed radar system or the radio frequency test device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the radio frequency cable body in

[0033] Figure 3 ​​The figure is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present application.

[0034] Figure code meaning: 1 - RF cable body; 11 - center conductor; 12 - insulation layer; 13 - shielding layer; 14 - sheath layer; 2 - impedance monitoring unit; 3 - impedance adjustment unit; 4 - impedance control unit; 5 - power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application relates to the technical field of cable, in particular to an impedance matching adaptive radio frequency cable, the main technical scheme content of the present application will be specifically explained below in combination with multiple embodiments. Among them, embodiment 1 combines with the drawings of the specification, namely Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The technical scheme content of the present application is clearly and specifically explained; embodiment 2 combines with the drawings of the specification, namely Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The technical scheme content of the present application is clearly and specifically explained; embodiment 3 combines with the drawings of the specification, namely Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The technical scheme content of the present application is clearly and specifically explained; other embodiments, although not separately drawn, the main structure can still refer to the drawings of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 or embodiment 3.

[0036] It needs to be particularly pointed out that the drawings of the present application are schematic, unnecessary details have been simplified in order to clarify the technical purpose of the present application, so as to avoid obscuring the technical scheme of the present application contributed to the prior art. In addition, the "about", "basically" and other expressions about quantity or matching relationship in the following are to express that the reasonable assembly error, processing error and the like are allowed in the industry, not the absolute quantity or matching relationship expressed by literal expression.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the present application is an intelligent radio frequency cable with impedance matching adaptive function, which is applied to 5G base station antenna feeder system, including radio frequency cable body 1 and impedance monitoring unit 2, impedance adjustment unit 3, impedance control unit 4 and power supply unit 5 arranged on the radio frequency cable body 1.

[0039] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the radio frequency cable body 1 of the present application is a coaxial cable structure, which has center conductor 11, insulation layer 12, shielding layer 13 and sheath layer 14 arranged in order from inside to outside.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1As shown, the impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjusting unit 3 are arranged inside the RF cable body 1 and connected with the center conductor 11 respectively, while the impedance control unit 4 is arranged outside the RF cable body 1. The impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjusting unit 3 are connected with the impedance control unit 4 in signal. The power supply unit 5 is arranged at the impedance control unit 4 and used for supplying power to the impedance control unit 4, the impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjusting unit 3.

[0041] The impedance monitoring unit 2 adopts a microwave probe structure. During the signal transmission of the RF cable body 1, the impedance monitoring unit 2 is used for monitoring the reflection wave and the VSWR of the RF cable body 1 in real time and transmitting the real-time monitored reflection wave and VSWR data to the impedance control unit 4.

[0042] The impedance adjusting unit 3 adopts an adjustable capacitance structure of a varactor array. The impedance adjusting unit 3 performs impedance adjusting action on the RF cable body 1 according to the impedance adjusting instruction output by the impedance control unit 4, so as to dynamically adjust the local impedance of the RF cable body 1.

[0043] The impedance control unit 4 has a microcontroller (MCU) and a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The impedance control unit 4 performs adaptive adjustment based on the feedback control algorithm of the VSWR minimization strategy or the S11 optimization strategy, and specifically realizes adaptive adjustment control of impedance matching according to the following relationship:

[0044] ;

[0045] In the formula, u(t) is the correction signal output by the impedance control unit;

[0046] e(t) is the impedance deviation value, e(t) = r(t) - y(t) wherein r（t） is the target impedance value, y(t) is the real-time impedance value;

[0047] K p is the proportional coefficient;

[0048] K i is the integral coefficient;

[0049] K d is the differential coefficient;

[0050] t is the time;

[0051] e(t) is the integral sign of the impedance deviation value e(t) .

[0052] τ For time 0- t The integral sign.

[0053] Impedance control unit 4 with the above relationship, to achieve precise control of impedance adaptive adjustment of the combination of three elements of proportion (P), integral (I), differential (D). Among them, the proportion of the part K p x e(t) Directly reflects the current impedance deviation of the radio frequency cable, can quickly respond but may produce steady-state impedance error; integral part K i x ∫e(t)dt Cumulative historical impedance error, specifically to eliminate steady-state impedance error; differential part K d x de(t) / dt Predict the trend of impedance error, suppress overshoot and oscillation. The combination of the three parts can give full play to their respective advantages and achieve precise control of the impedance of the radio frequency cable.

[0054] Impedance control unit 4 according to the above process, the real-time monitoring data (reflected wave and standing wave ratio) fed back by the above impedance monitoring unit 2 is analyzed, so as to obtain the real-time impedance value. At the same time, the impedance control unit 4 pre-stores the target impedance value, and the impedance control unit 4 matches the real-time impedance value with the set target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value matches the target impedance value, the current state is maintained, and the impedance adjustment unit 3 continues to be monitored and not triggered; if the real-time impedance value does not match the target impedance value, the impedance control unit 4 outputs the impedance adjustment instruction to the impedance adjustment unit 3 according to the correction value.

[0055] The above power supply unit 5 adopts a radio frequency energy recovery circuit structure.

[0056] Based on the above impedance adjustment unit to realize local impedance adjustment, in order to adapt to the length of the radio frequency cable body, the above impedance monitoring unit and impedance adjustment unit can be arranged in a paired relationship as multiple groups, that is, each group has at least one impedance monitoring unit and at least one impedance adjustment unit, and each group is arranged in a segmented manner in the length direction of the above radio frequency cable body. In this way, the spatial resolution and overall matching effect of the adjustment can be reliably improved.

[0057] In order to adapt to the influence of environmental changes (such as temperature, mechanical deformation) on impedance characteristics, and maintain the long-term stable operation of the communication system, the impedance matching adaptive adjustment of the present application is a closed-loop control. Referring to Figure 3 The specific working principle is as follows:

[0058] The radio frequency signal source inputs high frequency electrical signal through the radio frequency cable body, and the impedance monitoring unit performs real-time monitoring;

[0059] The impedance monitoring unit samples the voltage and current characteristics of the radio frequency signal inside the radio frequency cable body in real time;

[0060] The monitoring data of the impedance monitoring unit is dynamically transmitted to the impedance control unit, and the impedance control unit calculates the current instantaneous impedance parameter and obtains the real-time impedance;

[0061] The impedance control unit analyzes whether the current real-time impedance matches the target impedance (usually 50Ω or 75Ω) through a feedback control algorithm. If the detection result shows that the impedance does not match, the impedance control unit starts the impedance adjustment unit. If the impedance matches, the current state is maintained and the monitoring continues;

[0062] The impedance adjustment unit adjusts the adjustment element in the radio frequency cable body according to the instruction output by the impedance control unit, so as to change the impedance characteristics of the radio frequency cable body locally or as a whole, and realize matching optimization;

[0063] The radio frequency signal after dynamic adjustment continues to be transmitted to the target device in a matched impedance state, reduces the standing wave ratio, and reduces signal loss and reflection.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The present application is an intelligent radio frequency cable with impedance matching adaptive function, which is applied to a satellite communication ground station system and includes a radio frequency cable body 1 and an impedance monitoring unit 2, an impedance adjustment unit 3, an impedance control unit 4 and a power supply unit 5 arranged on the radio frequency cable body 1.

[0066] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The radio frequency cable body 1 of the present application is a coaxial cable structure, which has a center conductor 11, an insulating layer 12, a shielding layer 13 and a sheath layer 14 arranged in sequence from inside to outside.

[0067] Referring to Figure 1 The impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3 are arranged inside the radio frequency cable body 1 and are respectively connected with the center conductor 11, and the impedance control unit 4 is arranged outside the radio frequency cable body 1. The impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3 are respectively connected with the impedance control unit 4. The power supply unit 5 is arranged at the impedance control unit 4 and is used for supplying power to the impedance control unit 4, the impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3.

[0068] The impedance monitoring unit 2 described above adopts a capacitor array structure. During the signal transmission process of the RF cable body 1, the impedance monitoring unit 2 is used to monitor the reflected wave and standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the RF cable body 1 in real time, and transmits the real-time monitored reflected wave and VSWR data to the impedance control unit 4.

[0069] The impedance adjustment unit 3 adopts an adjustable capacitor structure with an inductor array. The impedance adjustment unit 3 performs impedance adjustment on the RF cable body 1 according to the impedance adjustment command output by the impedance control unit 4, so as to dynamically adjust the local impedance of the RF cable body 1.

[0070] Impedance control unit 4 has a microcontroller (MCU) and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Impedance control unit 4 performs adaptive adjustment based on a feedback control algorithm using a VSWR minimization strategy or a reflection coefficient (S11) optimization strategy. Specifically, it achieves adaptive impedance matching control according to the following relationship:

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, u(t) This is the correction signal output by the impedance control unit;

[0073] e(t) This is the impedance deviation value. e(t) = r(t) - y(t) ,in r（t） The target impedance value, y(t) This is the real-time impedance value;

[0074] K p The ratio coefficient;

[0075] K i The integral coefficient;

[0076] K d These are the differential coefficients;

[0077] t For time;

[0078] e(t) Impedance deviation value e(t) The integral symbol;

[0079] τ For time 0- t The integral symbol.

[0080] The impedance control unit 4, with the above relationship, achieves precise adaptive control of impedance through a combination of three parts: proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D). Specifically, the proportional part... K px e(t) directly reflects the current impedance deviation of the RF cable, can quickly respond but may produce errors of steady-state impedance; the integral part K i x ∫e(t)dt accumulates the errors of historical impedance, specifically eliminates the errors of steady-state impedance; the differential part K d x de(t) / dt predicts the trend of impedance error change, suppresses overshoot and oscillation. The combination of the three parts can fully exert their respective advantages and achieve precise control of the impedance of the RF cable.

[0081] The impedance control unit 4 analyzes the real-time monitoring data (reflected wave and standing wave ratio) fed back by the impedance monitoring unit 2 according to the above process, thereby obtaining the real-time impedance value. At the same time, the impedance control unit 4 has a target impedance value pre-stored therein, and the impedance control unit 4 matches the real-time impedance value with the set target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value matches the target impedance value, the current state is maintained, and the impedance adjustment unit 3 continues to be monitored and not triggered; if the real-time impedance value does not match the target impedance value, the impedance control unit 4 outputs an impedance adjustment instruction to the impedance adjustment unit 3 according to the correction value.

[0082] The power supply unit 5 adopts a low-loss parallel power supply circuit structure.

[0083] Based on the above impedance adjustment unit to realize local impedance adjustment, in order to adapt to the length of the RF cable body, the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjustment unit can be arranged in a paired relationship as multiple groups, that is, each group has at least one impedance monitoring unit and at least one impedance adjustment unit, and each group is arranged in a segmented manner in the length direction of the RF cable body. In this way, the spatial resolution and overall matching effect of the adjustment can be reliably improved.

[0084] In order to adapt to the influence of environmental changes (such as temperature and mechanical deformation) on the impedance characteristics and maintain the long-term stable operation of the communication system, the impedance matching adaptive adjustment of the present application is a closed-loop control. Referring to Figure 3 , the specific working principle is as follows:

[0085] The RF signal source inputs high-frequency electrical signals through the RF cable body, and the impedance monitoring unit performs real-time monitoring;

[0086] The impedance monitoring unit performs real-time sampling on the voltage and current characteristics of the RF signals inside the RF cable body;

[0087] The monitoring data of the impedance monitoring unit is dynamically transmitted to the impedance control unit, and the impedance control unit calculates the current instantaneous impedance parameter and obtains the real-time impedance;

[0088] The impedance control unit analyzes whether the current real-time impedance matches the target impedance (usually 50Ω or 75Ω) through a feedback control algorithm, and if the detection result shows that the impedance does not match, the impedance control unit starts the impedance adjustment unit, and if the impedance matches, the current state is maintained and monitoring is continued.

[0089] The impedance adjustment unit adjusts the adjustment element in the radio frequency cable body according to the instruction output by the impedance control unit, so as to change the local or overall impedance characteristics of the radio frequency cable body, and realize matching optimization.

[0090] The radio frequency signal after dynamic adjustment continues to be transmitted to the target device in a matching impedance state, reduces the standing wave ratio, and reduces signal loss and reflection.

[0091] Embodiment 3

[0092] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the present application is an intelligent radio frequency cable with impedance matching adaptive function, which is applied to a high-frequency radar system and includes a radio frequency cable body 1 and an impedance monitoring unit 2, an impedance adjustment unit 3, an impedance control unit 4 and a power supply unit 5 arranged on the radio frequency cable body 1.

[0093] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the radio frequency cable body 1 of the present application is a coaxial cable structure, which has a center conductor 11, an insulating layer 12, a shielding layer 13 and a sheath layer 14 arranged in sequence from inside to outside.

[0094] Referring to Figure 1 , the impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3 are arranged inside the radio frequency cable body 1 and are respectively connected with the center conductor 11, and the impedance control unit 4 is arranged outside the radio frequency cable body 1. The impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3 are respectively connected with the impedance control unit 4 in signal. The power supply unit 5 is arranged at the impedance control unit 4 and is used for supplying power to the impedance control unit 4, the impedance monitoring unit 2 and the impedance adjustment unit 3.

[0095] The impedance monitoring unit 2 adopts a standing wave detection circuit structure. The impedance monitoring unit 2 is used for monitoring the reflected wave and the VSWR of the radio frequency cable body 1 in real time during the signal transmission process of the radio frequency cable body 1, and transmits the real-time monitored reflected wave and VSWR data to the impedance control unit 4.

[0096] The impedance adjustment unit 3 adopts a MEMS adjustable capacitance structure. The impedance adjustment unit 3 performs impedance adjustment action on the radio frequency cable body 1 according to the impedance adjustment instruction output by the impedance control unit 4, so as to dynamically adjust the local impedance of the radio frequency cable body 1.

[0097] The impedance control unit 4 has a microcontroller (MCU) and a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The impedance control unit 4 performs adaptive adjustment based on a feedback control algorithm of a standing wave ratio (VSWR) minimization strategy or a reflection coefficient (S11) optimization strategy, and specifically implements adaptive adjustment control of impedance matching according to the following relationship:

[0098] ;

[0099] In the formula, u(t) is a correction signal output by the impedance control unit;

[0100] e(t) is an impedance deviation value, e(t) = r(t) - y(t) wherein r（t） is a target impedance value, y(t) is a real-time impedance value;

[0101] K p is a proportional coefficient;

[0102] K i is an integral coefficient;

[0103] K d is a differential coefficient;

[0104] t is time;

[0105] e(t) is an integral sign of the impedance deviation value e(t) ;

[0106] τ is an integral sign of time 0- t ;

[0107] The impedance control unit 4 with the above relationship realizes precise control of impedance adaptive adjustment by the combination of three links of proportionality (P), integration (I), and differentiation (D). Among them, the proportionality part K p x e(t) directly reflects the current impedance deviation of the radio frequency cable, can quickly respond but may produce errors of steady-state impedance; the integration part K i x ∫e(t)dt accumulates the errors of historical impedance, and is specifically designed to eliminate steady-state impedance errors; and the differentiation part K d x de(t) / dt predicts the trend of impedance error change, and suppresses overshoot and oscillation. The combination of the three parts can fully exert their respective advantages to realize precise control of the impedance of the radio frequency cable.

[0108] The impedance control unit 4 analyzes the real-time monitoring data (reflected wave and standing wave ratio) fed back by the impedance monitoring unit 2 according to the above process, so as to obtain the real-time impedance value. At the same time, the target impedance value is pre-stored in the impedance control unit 4, and the impedance control unit 4 matches the real-time impedance value with the set target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value matches the target impedance value, the current state is maintained, and the impedance adjustment unit 3 is not triggered for continuous monitoring; if the real-time impedance value does not match the target impedance value, the impedance control unit 4 outputs the impedance adjustment instruction to the impedance adjustment unit 3 according to the correction value.

[0109] The power supply unit 5 adopts a radio frequency energy recovery circuit structure.

[0110] Based on the above-mentioned impedance adjustment unit, local impedance adjustment is realized, and in order to adapt to the length of the radio frequency cable body, the impedance monitoring unit and the impedance adjustment unit can be arranged in a plurality of groups in a paired relationship, that is, each group has at least one impedance monitoring unit and at least one impedance adjustment unit, and each group is arranged in segments in the length direction of the radio frequency cable body, so that the spatial resolution and overall matching effect of the adjustment can be reliably improved.

[0111] In order to adapt to the influence of environmental changes (such as temperature and mechanical deformation) on the impedance characteristics and maintain the long-term stable operation of the communication system, the impedance matching adaptive adjustment of the present application is a closed-loop control. Referring to Figure 3 The specific working principle is as follows:

[0112] The radio frequency signal source inputs high frequency electrical signals through the radio frequency cable body, and the impedance monitoring unit performs real-time monitoring;

[0113] The impedance monitoring unit performs real-time sampling on the voltage and current characteristics of the radio frequency signals inside the radio frequency cable body;

[0114] The monitoring data of the impedance monitoring unit is dynamically transmitted to the impedance control unit, and the impedance control unit calculates the current instantaneous impedance parameter and obtains the real-time impedance;

[0115] The impedance control unit analyzes whether the current real-time impedance matches the target impedance (usually 50Ω or 75Ω) through a feedback control algorithm, and if the detection result shows that the impedance does not match, the impedance control unit starts the impedance adjustment unit, and if the impedance matches, the current state is maintained and the monitoring is continued;

[0116] The impedance adjustment unit adjusts the adjustment element in the radio frequency cable body according to the instruction output by the impedance control unit, so as to change the local or overall impedance characteristics of the radio frequency cable body and realize matching optimization;

[0117] The dynamically adjusted radio frequency signal continues to be transmitted to the target device in a matched impedance state, reduces the standing wave ratio, and reduces signal loss and reflection.

[0118] Embodiment 4

[0119] The other contents of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, 2 or 3, except that:

[0120] The length of the radio frequency cable body is short, and only arranged with a set of impedance monitoring units and impedance adjusting units, wherein the impedance adjusting units are arranged at the cable port of the radio frequency cable body.

[0121] Embodiment 5

[0122] The other contents of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, 2 or 3, except that:

[0123] The impedance control unit has a microcontroller (MCU) and an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0124] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit it.

[0125] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable, comprising a radio frequency cable body (1); characterized in that: the radio frequency cable body (1) is a coaxial cable for a 5G communication system, a satellite communication system, a high-speed radar system or a radio frequency test device, and has a center conductor (11), an insulating layer (12), a shielding layer (13) and a sheath layer (14) arranged in sequence from inside to outside; a plurality of groups of impedance monitoring units (2) and impedance adjusting units (3) are arranged in a paired relationship in the radio frequency cable body (1), each group is arranged in sections in the length direction of the radio frequency cable body (1), and the impedance monitoring units (2) and the impedance adjusting units (3) of each group are respectively connected with the center conductor (11), and the impedance monitoring units (2) and the impedance adjusting units (3) of each group are signal connected with an impedance control unit (4) outside the radio frequency cable body (1); the impedance monitoring unit (2) is a microwave probe structure, a capacitor array structure or a standing wave detection circuit structure, and the impedance monitoring unit (2) monitors the reflection wave and the standing wave ratio of the radio frequency cable body in real time during the signal transmission process of the radio frequency cable body (1), and feeds back to the impedance control unit (4); the impedance control unit (4) analyzes the real-time monitoring data fed back by the impedance monitoring unit (2), obtains a real-time impedance value, and matches the real-time impedance value with a set target impedance value; if the real-time impedance value and the target impedance value are not matched, the impedance control unit (4) outputs an impedance adjusting instruction to the impedance adjusting unit (3); the impedance adjusting unit (3) is a variable capacitance diode array adjustable capacitor structure, an inductance array adjustable capacitor structure or a MEMS adjustable capacitor structure, and the impedance adjusting unit (3) performs impedance adjusting action on the radio frequency cable body (1) according to the impedance adjusting instruction output by the impedance control unit (4) to dynamically adjust the local impedance of the radio frequency cable body (1).

2. The impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radio frequency cable further has a power supply unit (5); the power supply unit (5) is used for supplying power to the impedance control unit (4), the impedance monitoring unit (2) and the impedance adjusting unit (3).

3. The impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: the power supply unit (5) is a radio frequency energy recovery circuit structure or a low-loss parallel power supply circuit structure.

4. The impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impedance control unit (4) has a microcontroller and a field programmable gate array or a special integrated circuit.

5. The impedance-matching adaptive radio frequency cable according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the impedance control unit (4) realizes adaptive adjustment control of impedance matching according to the following relationship: ； In the formula, u(t) is a deviation correction signal output by the impedance control unit; e(t) is an impedance deviation value, e(t)=r(t)-y(t) wherein r（t） is a target impedance value, y(t) is a real-time impedance value; K p is a correlation coefficient; K i is the integral coefficient; K d is the differential coefficient; t t is time; e(τ) for impedance deviation values e(t) integral sign; τ is the integral sign at time 0- t -

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