Stubble land no-tillage straw throwing and covering sesame fine sowing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a stubble land no-tillage straw throwing and covering sesame precision seeder which comprises a smashing and throwing device, a fertilizing and seeding synchronous driving device and a ditching and soil sealing device which are arranged on the front portion of a rack, a synchronous wheel on the rack transmits power to a driving shaft through a gearbox, and the driving shaft drives a first synchronous shaft to rotate through chain transmission; the first synchronizing shaft drives the seed discharging assembly to synchronously operate for seed discharging, the driving shaft drives the second synchronizing shaft to rotate through the right-angle steering gear and the telescopic type, the second synchronizing shaft drives the discharging mechanism to synchronously operate for fertilizer discharging, power can be provided for sowing and fertilizer applying at the same time through rolling of the walking wheels, and the power composition of the sowing machine is simplified. The clockwise crushing teeth and the anticlockwise crushing teeth arranged in the crushing bin can synchronously and reversely rotate, stubbles left in ploughing are crushed from the two ends of the crushing bin and then thrown out, then the stubbles on the earth surface are crushed and cleaned out of a sowing area, the phenomenon that sesame seeds are wrapped by the crushed stubbles mingled in soil after sowing is avoided, and the sowing efficiency is improved. The emergence rate of sesames after sowing is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sesame planters, and more particularly to a no-till sesame precision planter with straw mulching in stubble fields. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, sesame cultivation mainly relies on multi-functional planters to achieve standardized and large-scale planting operations. Sesame planters typically include steps such as furrowing, sowing, soil covering, and compaction. For the furrowing and sowing step, the soil texture, structure, and moisture content affect the sowing depth. In soils with poor moisture content, the sowing depth can be slightly deeper, which helps prevent seeds from being blown away by the wind or from being sown in the topsoil. In heavy, compacted, or well-moistened soils, the sowing depth should be appropriately shallower to avoid difficulties in seed germination or hindered root development. Therefore, planters usually need to be equipped with a sowing depth adjustment mechanism. Currently, most seeding depth adjustment mechanisms for seeders involve mounting the furrowing plow on lifting outriggers and corresponding support sleeves on the frame. The lifting outriggers slide within the support sleeves, and height adjustment and locking are achieved by setting multiple pins and pin holes at equal intervals between the lifting outriggers and the support sleeves. This adjustment mechanism is relatively cumbersome to operate and provides rigid support for the furrowing plow. During the seeding process, if the furrowing plow encounters hard soil layers or residual bricks or other debris, it cannot effectively avoid them, which can easily lead to chipping or breakage of the plow teeth.

[0003] Furthermore, sesame seeds are small, and they often get stuck in the gaps of the seed metering assembly, affecting the seeding effect. During the sowing process, the seed metering assembly often needs to be disassembled from the seeder support for cleaning to ensure sowing results. However, a seeder is usually designed with multiple seed metering assemblies for efficient multi-row sowing. Currently, the seed metering assemblies are usually designed to be disassembled and assembled one by one, which is quite cumbersome. In addition, for farmland with crop residues after harvest, a rotary tillage device needs to be installed on the seeder to loosen the soil and break up the stubble to prevent seeds from getting stuck in the stubble and not being able to contact the soil. However, after the stubble is broken up by rotary tillage, it is mixed into the soil. After the sowing mechanism sows the small-diameter sesame seeds into the soil, there is still a phenomenon of the seeds being covered by broken stubble, which affects the germination rate after sowing. To address the above problems, the existing sesame seeders still need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a no-till sesame precision seeder with straw mulching, comprising a crushing and spreading device, a fertilization and sowing synchronous drive device and a ditching and sealing device set at the front of the frame; the crushing and spreading device has clockwise crushing teeth and counterclockwise crushing teeth arranged side by side in the crushing chamber, and baffles are hinged at the outlets at both ends of the crushing chamber; an arc-shaped adjusting plate is provided on the frame, and a number of limiting round holes are provided at equal intervals along the circumference of the adjusting plate; the end of the reinforcing rod in the middle of the baffle is provided with an adjusting elongated hole corresponding to the position of the limiting round hole, and the adjusting elongated hole and the limiting round hole are locked together by a pin.

[0006] The trenching and sealing device includes a sealing wheel arranged in a V-shape and a depth-adjustable trenching mechanism. The depth-adjustable trenching mechanism includes a fixed seat and a lifting seat with a U-shaped cross-section. The fixed seat and the lifting seat are arranged side by side with a gap between them. The trenching plow is fixed to the lower end of the lifting seat. An upper connecting rod assembly is hinged between the upper end of the fixed seat and the upper end of the lifting seat. A lower connecting rod assembly is hinged between the lower end of the fixed seat and the middle part of the lifting seat. The upper and lower connecting rod assemblies are arranged parallel to each other, and an elastic traction mechanism is provided between the upper connecting rod assembly and the fixed seat. The sealing wheel is connected to the square tube seat on the outer side of the lifting seat through the lifting bracket. Two arc-shaped baffles are symmetrically provided at the rear of the trenching plow, forming a baffle chamber between the two baffles. A seeding pipe with its lower end extending into the baffle chamber is fixedly connected inside the square tube seat.

[0007] Preferably, the fertilization and sowing synchronous drive device includes several seed metering component bases evenly spaced on the upper crossbeam of the frame. Seed metering components are detachably installed in the seed metering component bases. The input ends of the seed metering components are connected in series via a synchronous shaft A. The seeding hose of the seed metering component extends into the seed metering pipe. The middle of the L-shaped support provided on the inner side of the seed metering component base at both ends of the upper crossbeam has a transverse notch. The L-shaped support at the transverse notch has an upper bearing seat. The two ends of the synchronous shaft A are installed between two bearing seats and pass through the transverse notch. A driven sprocket is installed at the end of the synchronous shaft A. A drive shaft is installed at the lower crossbeam of the frame via a lower bearing seat. The end of the drive shaft has a corresponding drive sprocket connected to the driven sprocket by a chain. A right-angle steering gear A is provided in the middle of the drive shaft. A right-angle steering gear B is provided on the synchronous shaft B between the discharge mechanisms at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The right-angle steering gear A and the right-angle steering gear B are connected by a telescopic drive rod.

[0008] Preferably, the rear of the frame is equipped with a traveling wheel via a longitudinal beam. The end of the longitudinal beam is provided with a U-shaped seat. Two wheel frame plates are connected to both sides of the U-shaped seat via hinge shafts. The traveling wheel is installed between the lower ends of the two wheel frame plates. An upper rod is provided on the upper part of the U-shaped seat, and a lower rod is provided between the two wheel frame plates. Both the upper and lower rods are provided with threaded holes in the middle, and a two-way lead screw is installed between the two threaded holes. The outer end of the axle of the traveling wheel is provided with a main drive sprocket. The hinge shaft is provided with a double-row sprocket connected to the main drive sprocket via a chain. A gearbox is provided on the longitudinal beam. The double-row sprocket is connected to the input sprocket of the gearbox via a chain. The end of the drive shaft is provided with a main shaft sprocket connected to the output sprocket of the gearbox via a chain.

[0009] Preferably, the inner end of the transverse notch is provided with a circular allowance hole, which is coaxially corresponding to the synchronous shaft armor. The size of the transverse notch is larger than the cross-sectional size of the synchronous shaft armor, and the size of the circular allowance hole is larger than the size of the transverse notch.

[0010] Preferably, the inner side of the upper beam end is connected to a horizontal shaft via a support plate. The direction of the horizontal shaft is consistent with the length direction of the synchronous shaft A. The chain is supported on the horizontal shaft to form a tension structure. A support roller is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft. The surface of the support roller is provided with an annular groove, and the chain is supported in the annular groove.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting support includes a square tube fixed rod and a square tube lifting rod. The two sealing wheels are connected by a V-shaped shaft. The square tube lifting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the V-shaped shaft. The square tube fixed rod and the square tube lifting rod are slidably fitted together. A nut seat is fixedly fitted at the upper end of the square tube lifting rod. A lead screw is coaxially connected inside the nut seat. A bearing is installed at the upper end of the square tube fixed rod. The upper end of the lead screw is rotatably fitted inside the bearing. A hand crank is installed on the extension shaft at the upper end of the lead screw.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the extension shaft is provided with a crossbar in the radial direction, and a flip locking member that can be fitted onto the outer side of the square tube fixing rod is hinged between the two ends of the crossbar. The flip locking member is U-shaped in general, and two triangular ear plates are symmetrically provided at both ends of the flip locking member. The upper end of the triangular ear plate is hinged to the outer end of the crossbar.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting support is installed at the upper end of the square tube fixing rod, and the bearing is installed in the groove in the middle of the limiting support. Two pressure plates are arranged side by side on the surface of the limiting support. The corners of the pressure plates and the corners of the limiting support are connected to the upper end of the square tube fixing rod by screws. An arc-shaped groove matching the size of the extension shaft is provided on the inner side of the pressure plate.

[0014] Preferably, the upper connecting rod assembly includes two upper rods arranged side by side, the ends of which are fixedly connected by a sleeve, and an upper horizontal shaft is provided between the side plates at the upper ends of the fixed seat and the lifting seat, and the two upper horizontal shafts are rotatably fitted into the two sleeves; the lower connecting rod assembly includes two lower rods arranged side by side, the ends of which are fixedly connected as one unit by a supporting horizontal bar, and a lower horizontal bar is provided between the lower end of the fixed seat and the middle part of the lifting seat, and the ends of the lower rods are rotatably connected to the lower horizontal bar.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic tensioning mechanism includes a tension spring and a square clamping plate. Both ends of the square clamping plate are provided with locking protrusions. The surface of the upper rod is provided with several inclined grooves at equal intervals. The locking protrusions are matched and locked into the inclined grooves. A hanging hole is provided at the lower part of the square clamping plate. The upper end of the tension spring is hung into the hanging hole, and the lower end is hung with the lower crossbar.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are: (1) The parallelogram linkage mechanism in the depth-adjustable ditching mechanism of the present invention can rotate and deform downward under the action of the tension spring, providing elastic downward pressure for the ditching plow head under the lifting seat, forming an elastic downward pressure ditching plow structure. When encountering hard soil layers or residual bricks and other debris during the sowing process, the ditching plow head will rise upward to avoid and stretch the tension spring due to the large resistance, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of tooth breakage at the plow head, which is conducive to improving its service life.

[0017] (2) The lifting bracket of the present invention can drive the screw to rotate by a hand crank. The screw drives the square tube lifting rod to slide up and down inside the square tube fixed rod through the nut seat, so as to realize the height adjustment of the two sealing wheels. This adjustment method can simply and efficiently complete the height adjustment of the sealing wheels and has high adjustment accuracy. In addition, the flip locking part can be flipped down and fastened to the outer side of the square tube fixed rod. The screw is locked by the upper cross bar. When flipped up, it can be released from the outer side of the square tube fixed rod. The screw can be freely rotated to adjust the height, avoiding the phenomenon of the screw rotating due to the vibration of sowing, ensuring the stability of the sealing wheel and improving the sealing quality.

[0018] (3) The clockwise and counterclockwise crushing teeth symmetrically arranged in the crushing chamber of the present invention can rotate in opposite directions synchronously, crushing the stubble left on the cultivated land from both ends of the crushing chamber and throwing it out, thereby breaking up and clearing the stubble on the ground surface out of the sowing area, avoiding the phenomenon that sesame seeds are covered by broken stubble mixed in the soil after sowing, and ensuring the germination rate of sesame after sowing.

[0019] (4) The synchronous wheel of the present invention transmits power to the drive shaft through the gearbox. The drive shaft can drive the synchronous shaft A to rotate through the chain drive. The synchronous shaft A drives several seeding components to operate synchronously for seeding. The drive shaft also drives the synchronous shaft B to rotate through the right-angle steering gear and the telescopic type. The synchronous shaft B drives several discharge mechanisms to operate synchronously for fertilizer discharge. The rolling of the walking wheel can provide power for both sowing and fertilization at the same time, which simplifies the power composition of the seeder, helps to reduce energy consumption and save costs.

[0020] (5) The present invention connects several seeding components in series through a synchronous shaft. The seeding components are installed in the transverse notches of the L-shaped supports at both ends through the synchronous shaft. Therefore, the seeding components can be assembled or disassembled in one piece through the transverse notches. Synchronous seeding is achieved by driving the synchronous shaft to rotate through the chain and sprocket with the drive shaft. This solves the problem that the traditional operation of disassembling or assembling seeding components one by one is relatively troublesome, simplifies the operation process, and helps to improve the operation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross-section structure; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing some components; Figure 6 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wheels and their support frame; Figure 8 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention after removing part of the frame and components; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-section structure; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing part of the frame and components; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 12 yes Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram in disassembled state; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the trenching and sealing device of the present invention; Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the trenching and sealing device after the sealing wheel is removed; Figure 15 yes Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the CC-direction cross-section structure; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the DD-direction cross-section structure; Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of some components of the trenching and sealing device; Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing wheel and lifting support; Figure 19 yes Figure 18 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the flip-lock component after it is opened; Figure 20 yes Figure 18 Front view structural diagram; Figure 21 yes Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the EE cross-sectional structure; Figure 22 yes Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the FF-directed cross-sectional structure; Figure 23 yes Figure 21 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0022] In the diagram, 01. Adjustable depth trenching mechanism, 11. Fixed base, 111. Slot, 12. Lifting base, 121. Trenching plow, 131. Upper rod body, 132. Sleeve, 133. Upper horizontal shaft, 141. Lower rod body, 142. Support crossbar, 143. Lower crossbar, 151. Tension spring, 152. Square clamping plate, 153. Clamping boss, 154. Inclined groove, 155. Square through hole, 156. Hanging hole, 16. Square tube base, 171. Arc-shaped baffle plate, 172. Baffle chamber, 173. Seed metering pipe. 21. Seeding assembly base; 22. Seeding assembly; 221. Seeding hose; 23. Synchronous shaft; 231. Driven sprocket; 24. Drive shaft; 241. Drive sprocket; 25. L-shaped support; 251. Lateral notch; 252. Circular allowance hole; 253. Upper bearing seat; 26. Lower crossbeam; 261. Lower bearing seat; 27. Chain; 28. Horizontal shaft; 281. Support roller; 282. Annular groove; 29. ​​Upper crossbeam; 291. Plate-shaped base; 03. Lifting bracket; 31. Soil sealing wheel; 32. 33. V-shaped shaft, 34. Square tube fixing rod, 351. Square tube lifting rod, 352. Nut seat, 353. Lead screw, 354. Bearing, 355. Extension shaft, 356. Hand crank, 367. Bushing, 361. Crossbar, 362. Tilting locking piece, 363. Triangular ear plate, 371. Pressure plate, 372. Limiting support, 373. Screw, 374. Limiting ring, 38. Assembly bracket, 41. Crushing chamber, 411. Clockwise crushing teeth, 412. Counterclockwise crushing teeth, 42. Baffle, 421. Reinforcing rod, 422. Adjusting elongated hole, 43. Arc-shaped adjusting plate, 431. Limiting round hole, 44. Pin, 45. Drive box, 46. Hanging bracket, 51. Longitudinal beam, 511. 512. U-shaped seat, 513. Upper rod body, 52. Traveling wheel, 53. Wheel frame plate, 531. Lower rod body, 54. Hinge shaft, 55. Two-way lead screw, 561. Main drive sprocket, 562. Double row sprocket, 563. Chain, 564. Main shaft sprocket, 57. Gearbox, 571. Input sprocket, 572. Output sprocket, 61. Fertilizer bin, 611. Discharge mechanism, 612. Synchronous shaft B, 613. Right angle steering gear B, 62. Telescopic drive rod, 63. Right angle steering gear A. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1, see appendix Figure 2-613-17, A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching, comprising a crushing and spreading device, a fertilization and sowing synchronous drive device, and a ditching and sealing device located at the front of the frame; the crushing and spreading device has clockwise and counterclockwise crushing teeth arranged side by side in the crushing chamber, and baffles are hinged at the outlets at both ends of the crushing chamber; an arc-shaped adjusting plate is provided on the frame, and a number of limiting round holes are provided at equal intervals along the circumference of the adjusting plate; the end of the reinforcing rod in the middle of the baffle is provided with an adjusting elongated hole corresponding to the position of the limiting round holes; the adjusting elongated hole and the limiting round holes are locked together by a pin; the tilt angle of the baffle is adjusted by inserting the pin between different limiting round holes and adjusting elongated holes, thereby changing the range of stubble mulching and covering.

[0024] The clockwise and counterclockwise crushing teeth rotate synchronously in opposite directions, crushing and scattering the stubble left on the farmland from both ends of the crushing chamber. This process breaks up and clears the stubble from the surface of the land, preventing sesame seeds from being covered by broken stubble mixed in the soil after sowing, thus ensuring a high germination rate for sesame seeds.

[0025] The trenching and sealing device includes a sealing wheel arranged in a V-shape and a depth-adjustable trenching mechanism. This depth-adjustable trenching mechanism includes a fixed base and a lifting base with a U-shaped cross-section. The fixed base and the lifting base are arranged side-by-side with a gap between them. The trenching plow is fixed to the lower end of the lifting base. An upper connecting rod assembly is hinged between the upper end of the fixed base and the upper end of the lifting base, and a lower connecting rod assembly is hinged between the lower end of the fixed base and the middle of the lifting base. The upper and lower connecting rod assemblies are arranged parallel to each other, forming a parallelogram connecting rod structure. The lifting base... The parallelogram linkage structure can be vertically raised or lowered at its free end, and an elastic traction mechanism is provided between the upper linkage assembly and the fixed seat. This traction mechanism provides downward tension to the parallelogram linkage structure and applies downward pressure to the furrowing plow at the lower end of the lifting seat. The sealing wheel is connected to the square tube seat on the outer side of the lifting seat through the lifting bracket, and two arc-shaped baffles are symmetrically provided at the rear of the furrowing plow. A baffle chamber is formed between the two baffles, and a seed discharge pipe with its lower end extending into the baffle chamber is fixedly connected inside the square tube seat.

[0026] Both sides of the mating surface of the fixed seat are provided with extension plates, and the middle of the extension plates is provided with a slot for engaging with the frame beam. The upper connecting rod assembly includes two upper rods arranged side by side, the ends of which are fixedly connected by a sleeve. An upper horizontal shaft is provided between the side plates at the upper ends of the fixed seat and the lifting seat, and the two upper horizontal shafts are rotatably fitted into the two sleeves. The lower connecting rod assembly includes two lower rods arranged side by side, the ends of which are fixedly connected as one unit by a support crossbar. A lower crossbar is provided between the lower end of the fixed seat and the middle of the lifting seat, and the ends of the lower rods are rotatably connected to the lower crossbar. This double-rod upper and lower connecting rod assembly has a stable structure and good stability when installed between the fixed seat and the lifting seat. It will not sway left and right under lateral force, providing stable ditching support for the lower ditching plow.

[0027] In this embodiment, the adjustable-depth furrowing mechanism, when in use, the linkage mechanism composed of the upper and lower linkage components rotates and deforms downward under the action of the tension spring. The lifting seat then presses vertically downward, and the furrowing plow head at the bottom of the lifting seat generates elastic downward pressure, forming an elastic downward-pressing furrowing plow structure. When encountering hard soil layers or debris such as residual bricks during the furrowing and sowing process, the furrowing plow head will rise upward to avoid them and stretch the tension spring, preventing the plow head from breaking teeth. After overcoming the obstacle, it returns to the set furrowing and sowing depth under the action of the tension spring to carry out the sowing operation.

[0028] The elastic traction mechanism includes a tension spring and a square locking plate. Both ends of the square locking plate have locking bosses. The surface of the upper rod has several evenly spaced inclined slots. The locking bosses engage with these slots. A hooking hole is located at the bottom of the square locking plate, where the upper end of the tension spring hooks into the hole, and the lower end engages with the lower crossbar. This traction mechanism adjusts the tension length of the tension spring by engaging the square locking plate with different inclined slots, thereby changing the downward pressure on the linkage mechanism composed of the upper and lower rods. This adjusts the height of the lifting seat and the furrowing plow, thus adjusting the furrowing and sowing depth. The adjustment process requires no disassembly of parts, making operation convenient.

[0029] The square plate has a square through hole in the middle. You can insert your hand into the square through hole and pull the square plate outward. There are hanging holes at both ends of the lower part of the square plate. Each hanging hole is connected to a tension spring. The two tension springs are symmetrically arranged to provide greater tension to the connecting rod and ensure the stability of the connecting rod structure.

[0030] Example 2, see appendix Figure 1-12A fertilization and seeding synchronous drive device according to an embodiment 1 includes a plurality of seed metering component bases evenly spaced on the upper crossbeam of the frame. Seed metering components are detachably installed within each seed metering component base. The detachable structure between the seed metering components and the seed metering component bases can be found in the applicant's previous patent application with authorization announcement number CN. According to utility model patent 219182040U, the input ends of the seed metering components are connected in series via a synchronous shaft A. The synchronous shaft A drives the seed metering components to operate synchronously. The seeding hose of the seed metering components extends into the seed metering tube. The L-shaped supports at both ends of the upper crossbeam have a transverse notch in the middle. The L-shaped supports at the transverse notch are equipped with upper bearing seats. The two ends of the synchronous shaft A are installed between two bearing seats and pass through the transverse notch. The upper bearing seats at both ends support the rotation of the synchronous shaft A. A driven sprocket is installed at the end of the synchronous shaft A. A drive shaft is installed at the lower crossbeam of the frame via a lower bearing seat. The drive shaft is supported by the lower bearing seats at both ends. The end of the drive shaft is equipped with a corresponding drive sprocket connected to the driven sprocket by a chain. A right-angle steering gear A is provided in the middle of the drive shaft. A right-angle steering gear B is provided on the synchronous shaft B between the discharge mechanisms at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The right-angle steering gear A and the right-angle steering gear B are connected by a telescopic drive rod.

[0031] The rear of the frame is equipped with traveling wheels via longitudinal beams. A U-shaped seat is located at the end of the longitudinal beams, with two wheel frame plates connected to both sides of the U-shaped seat via hinge shafts. The traveling wheels are installed between the lower ends of the two wheel frame plates. An upper rod is located on the upper part of the U-shaped seat, and a lower rod is located between the two wheel frame plates. Both the upper and lower rods have threaded holes in their middle sections, and a double-acting screw is installed between the two threaded holes. Tightening the double-acting screw can simultaneously pull down the upper and lower rods via the threads. Because the lower rod is pulled, the wheel frame plates will rotate at a certain angle at the outer end of the U-shaped seat, thus adjusting the height of the traveling wheels. Therefore, the overall furrowing depth of the seeder can be adjusted according to sowing needs. A main drive sprocket is located at the outer end of the traveling wheel axle. A double-row sprocket connected to the main drive sprocket via a chain is located on the hinge shaft. A gearbox is located on the longitudinal beam, and the double-row sprocket is connected to the input sprocket of the gearbox via a chain. A main shaft sprocket connected to the output sprocket of the gearbox via a chain is located at the end of the drive shaft.

[0032] The inner end of the transverse notch is provided with a circular allowance hole, which is coaxially corresponding to the synchronous shaft armor. The size of the transverse notch is larger than the cross-sectional size of the synchronous shaft armor, and the size of the circular allowance hole is larger than the size of the transverse notch. The circular allowance hole can lift the synchronous shaft armor up to a certain height, so that the seed metering component can be raised to a certain height from the seed metering component base and detached from it.

[0033] The surface of the upper crossbeam is provided with a plate-shaped base. The seed metering component base is installed on the surface of the plate-shaped base by screws. The plate-shaped base provides stable support for the seed metering component base and ensures its stability.

[0034] A horizontal shaft is connected to the inner side of the upper crossbeam end via a support plate. The direction of this horizontal shaft is consistent with the length direction of the synchronous shaft. The chain is supported on this horizontal shaft to form a tension structure. A height adjustment mechanism can be installed between the horizontal shaft and the support plate to adjust the tension of the horizontal shaft. A support roller is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft. The surface of the support roller has an annular groove. The chain is supported within this annular groove. During chain operation, the chain is supported on the support roller, which provides tension to the chain. Simultaneously, the annular groove acts as a horizontal limiter, preventing chain swaying and ensuring the driving effect between the sprockets, providing stable power to the seeding assembly. The support roller is made of plastic to prevent damage to the chain during the rolling tensioning process.

[0035] The principle of synchronous driving of sowing and fertilization in this embodiment of the precision seeder is as follows: When the precision seeder moves forward to sow, the rotation of the traveling wheels drives the main drive sprocket to rotate, the main drive sprocket drives the double-row sprocket to rotate, and the double-row sprocket drives the main shaft sprocket to rotate through the chain. During the rotation of the drive shaft, the main shaft is driven by... The chain drives the synchronous shaft A to rotate, which in turn drives several seeding components to operate synchronously for seeding. The drive shaft simultaneously drives the right-angle steering mechanism A to operate, which in turn drives the right-angle steering mechanism B through a telescopic drive rod. The right-angle steering mechanism B drives the synchronous shaft B to rotate, which in turn drives several discharge mechanisms to operate synchronously for fertilizer discharge. The rolling of the traveling wheels provides power for both sowing and fertilizer discharge simultaneously.

[0036] When disassembly and maintenance are required after sowing, first loosen the chain, then loosen the upper bearing seats on each L-shaped support in sequence, lift the synchronous shaft armor to a certain height, and each seed metering component will rise from its respective seed metering component base to a certain height, thus separating the two. Then, move the synchronous shaft armor laterally to pull it out from the lateral notch. The synchronous shaft armor and seed metering components are disassembled at the same time for maintenance.

[0037] Example 3, see appendix Figure 18-23 An embodiment of the lifting support includes two sealing wheels arranged symmetrically in a V-shape, a square tube fixing rod, and a square tube lifting rod. The two sealing wheels are connected by a V-shaped shaft, and the V-shaped shaft and the sealing wheels are connected by a bearing seat. The square tube lifting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the V-shaped shaft. The square tube fixing rod and the square tube lifting rod are slidably fitted together. The height of the two sealing wheels can be adjusted by the square tube lifting rod sliding up and down inside the square tube fixing rod. A nut seat is fixedly fitted at the upper end of the square tube lifting rod. The nut seat and the square tube lifting rod form an integral structure. A lead screw is coaxially connected inside the nut seat. A bearing is installed at the upper end of the square tube fixing rod. The upper end of the lead screw is rotatably fitted inside the bearing. A hand crank is installed on the extension shaft at the upper end of the lead screw. The hand crank drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the square tube lifting rod to rise or fall inside the square tube fixing rod through the nut seat.

[0038] A limiting support is installed at the upper end of the square tube fixing rod. The bearing is installed in the groove in the middle of the limiting support, which stably supports the bearing. Two pressure plates are arranged side by side on the surface of the limiting support. The limiting support is fixed to the upper end of the square tube fixing rod by the two pressure plates. The side-by-side pressure plate structure also has the advantage of easy assembly and disassembly. The corners of the pressure plates and the corners of the limiting support are connected to the upper end of the square tube fixing rod by screws. The inner side of the pressure plate is provided with an arc groove that matches the size of the extension shaft. The lead screw can rotate freely between the circle formed by the two arc grooves.

[0039] The middle part of the extension shaft is provided with a limiting ring that presses against the surface of the pressure plate. This limiting ring plays the role of limiting the axial movement of the lead screw, ensuring that the lead screw has sufficient driving support force for the lifting rod of the square tube.

[0040] The hand crank is set as an L-shaped rod, and the inner end of the L-shaped rod is provided with a bushing. The bushing is fixedly fitted on the upper end of the extension shaft. The L-shaped hand crank structure allows the screw to be rotated above the adjustment mechanism, which is convenient for adjusting the square tube lifting rod by rotating the screw while standing.

[0041] A mounting bracket is vertically connected to the middle of the side of the square tube fixing rod, and the square tube fixing rod is fixedly connected to the frame of the seeder through the mounting bracket.

[0042] like Figure 18-19 As shown, in this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism is used by holding the upper end of the hand crank to drive the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the nut seat to rise or fall along the lead screw through the thread. The square tube lifting rod rises and falls with the nut seat inside the square tube fixed rod, and slides up and down inside the square tube fixed rod. During this process, the square tube-shaped rod sleeve structure can form a circumferential limit to prevent the square tube lifting rod from rotating circumferentially inside the square tube fixed rod. The height of the sealing wheel is adjusted with the height of the square tube lifting rod, which can simply and efficiently complete the height adjustment of the sealing wheel. The threaded adjustment method has high adjustment accuracy.

[0043] In this embodiment, a crossbar is provided radially at the upper end of the extension shaft. A flip-locking component that can be fitted onto the outer side of the square tube fixing rod is hinged between the two ends of the crossbar. The flip-locking component is U-shaped in general. The U-shaped structure allows the flip-locking component to be fastened to the outer side of the square tube fixing rod. Two triangular ear plates are symmetrically provided at both ends of the flip-locking component. The upper end of the triangular ear plate is hinged to the outer end of the crossbar. The flip-locking component can rotate at both ends of the crossbar to achieve up-and-down flipping.

[0044] In this embodiment, the flip-locking component flips down at both ends of the crossbar to engage with the outer side of the square tube fixing rod. The crossbar is circumferentially limited, locking the lead screw. The flip-locking component flips up to leave the outer side of the square tube fixing rod, releasing the lock. The lead screw can then rotate freely for height adjustment, preventing the lead screw from rotating due to sowing vibration.

Claims

1. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching, characterized in that: It includes a crushing and spreading device, a fertilizer and seeding synchronous drive device, and a trenching and sealing device located at the front of the frame; the crushing and spreading device has clockwise and counterclockwise crushing teeth arranged side by side in the crushing chamber, and baffles are hinged at the outlets at both ends of the crushing chamber. The frame is equipped with an arc-shaped adjusting plate, which has several limiting round holes evenly spaced along the circumference. The end of the middle reinforcing rod of the baffle is equipped with an adjusting elongated hole corresponding to the position of the limiting round hole. The adjusting elongated hole and the limiting round hole are locked together by a pin. The trenching and sealing device includes a sealing wheel arranged in a V-shape and a depth-adjustable trenching mechanism. The depth-adjustable trenching mechanism includes a fixed seat and a lifting seat with a U-shaped cross-section. The fixed seat and the lifting seat are arranged side by side with a gap between them. The trenching plow is fixed to the lower end of the lifting seat. An upper connecting rod assembly is hinged between the upper end of the fixed seat and the upper end of the lifting seat. A lower connecting rod assembly is hinged between the lower end of the fixed seat and the middle part of the lifting seat. The upper and lower connecting rod assemblies are arranged parallel to each other, and an elastic traction mechanism is provided between the upper connecting rod assembly and the fixed seat. The sealing wheel is connected to the square tube seat on the outer side of the lifting seat through the lifting bracket. Two arc-shaped baffles are symmetrically provided at the rear of the trenching plow, forming a baffle chamber between the two baffles. A seeding pipe with its lower end extending into the baffle chamber is fixedly connected inside the square tube seat.

2. The stubble-covering sesame precision seeder for no-tillage stubble field as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization and sowing synchronous drive device includes several seed metering component bases evenly spaced on the upper crossbeam of the frame. Seed metering components are detachably installed in the seed metering component bases. The input ends of the seed metering components are connected in series via a synchronous shaft A. The seeding hose of the seed metering component extends into the seed metering tube. The L-shaped supports at both ends of the upper crossbeam have a transverse notch in the middle. The L-shaped supports at the transverse notch have an upper bearing seat. The two ends of the synchronous shaft A are installed between two bearing seats and pass through the transverse notch. A driven sprocket is installed at the end of the synchronous shaft A. A drive shaft is installed at the lower crossbeam of the frame via a lower bearing seat. The end of the drive shaft has a corresponding drive sprocket connected to the driven sprocket by a chain. A right-angle steering gear A is located in the middle of the drive shaft. A right-angle steering gear B is located on the synchronous shaft B between the discharge mechanisms at the bottom of the fertilizer bin. The right-angle steering gear A and the right-angle steering gear B are connected by a telescopic drive rod.

3. The stubble-covering sesame precision seeder for no-tillage stubble field as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rear of the frame is equipped with traveling wheels via longitudinal beams. A U-shaped seat is located at the end of the longitudinal beams, and two wheel frames are connected to both sides of the U-shaped seat via hinge shafts. The traveling wheels are installed between the lower ends of the two wheel frames. An upper rod is located on the upper part of the U-shaped seat, and a lower rod is located between the two wheel frames. Both the upper and lower rods have threaded holes in their middle sections, and a double-acting lead screw is installed between the two threaded holes. A main drive sprocket is located at the outer end of the axle of the traveling wheels. A double-row sprocket connected to the main drive sprocket via a chain is located on the hinge shaft. A gearbox is located on the longitudinal beam, and the double-row sprockets are connected to the input sprocket of the gearbox via a chain. A main shaft sprocket connected to the output sprocket of the gearbox via a chain is located at the end of the drive shaft.

4. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner end of the transverse notch is provided with a circular allowance hole, which is coaxially corresponding to the synchronous shaft armor. The size of the transverse notch is larger than the cross-sectional size of the synchronous shaft armor, and the size of the circular allowance hole is larger than the size of the transverse notch.

5. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the upper crossbeam end is connected to a horizontal shaft via a support plate. The direction of the horizontal shaft is consistent with the length direction of the synchronous shaft A. The chain is supported on the horizontal shaft to form a tension structure. A support roller is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft. The surface of the support roller is provided with an annular groove, and the chain is supported in the annular groove.

6. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting support includes a square tube fixed rod and a square tube lifting rod. The two sealing wheels are connected by a V-shaped shaft. The square tube lifting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the V-shaped shaft. The square tube fixed rod and the square tube lifting rod are slidably fitted together. A nut seat is fixedly fitted at the upper end of the square tube lifting rod. A lead screw is coaxially connected inside the nut seat. A bearing is installed at the upper end of the square tube fixed rod. The upper end of the lead screw is rotatably fitted inside the bearing. A hand crank is installed on the extension shaft at the upper end of the lead screw.

7. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the extension shaft is provided with a crossbar in the radial direction. A flip-locking component that can be fitted onto the outer side of the square tube fixing rod is hinged between the two ends of the crossbar. The flip-locking component is U-shaped in general. Two triangular ear plates are symmetrically provided at both ends of the flip-locking component. The upper end of the triangular ear plate is hinged to the outer end of the crossbar.

8. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the square tube fixing rod is equipped with a limiting support, and the bearing is installed in the groove in the middle of the limiting support. Two pressure plates are arranged side by side on the surface of the limiting support. The corners of the pressure plates and the corners of the limiting support are connected to the upper end of the square tube fixing rod by screws. The inner side of the pressure plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the size of the extension shaft.

9. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper connecting rod assembly includes two upper rods arranged side by side, with the ends of the upper rods fixedly connected by a sleeve. An upper horizontal shaft is provided between the side plates at the upper ends of the fixed seat and the lifting seat, and the two upper horizontal shafts are rotatably fitted into the two sleeves. The lower connecting rod assembly includes two lower rods arranged side by side, with the ends of the two lower rods fixedly connected as one unit by a supporting horizontal bar. A lower horizontal bar is provided between the lower end of the fixed seat and the middle of the lifting seat, and the ends of the lower rods are rotatably connected to the lower horizontal bar.

10. A no-till sesame seeding machine with straw mulching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic tension mechanism includes a tension spring and a square clamping plate. Both ends of the square clamping plate are provided with locking protrusions. The surface of the upper rod is provided with several inclined grooves at equal intervals. The locking protrusions are matched and locked into the inclined grooves. A hanging hole is provided at the lower part of the square clamping plate. The upper end of the tension spring is hung into the hanging hole, and the lower end is hung with the lower crossbar.

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