Energy-saving ventilation system and method for meat duck house based on air purification recycling

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of environmental control technology in livestock and poultry farming, and discloses an energy-saving ventilation system and method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse. The system includes time-sequential data collection of temperature, humidity, and concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust in various ventilation areas within the duck house to identify abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points. Air is guided to different zones according to pollution type and flow direction. Dust-laden air is separated using a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration; humid air is treated with circulating condensation; and high-concentration ammonia airflow is treated with adsorption or chemical neutralization. A multi-stage closed-loop circulation is formed using variable-opening dampers and multi-speed circulating fans. During the recirculation process, adjustable air mixing pipes are used to proportionally mix recycled air with fresh air. The system periodically analyzes each ventilation path, filtration unit, and air zoning status to adjust the cleaning cycle, flow ratio, and circulating fan operation mode. This invention has the advantage of improving purification efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental control technology in livestock and poultry farming, specifically to an energy-saving ventilation system and method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, intensive duck farming continuously generates large amounts of polluting gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, and suspended dust. If these gases are not purified and discharged in a timely manner, they will lead to a decline in indoor air quality, stunted growth of ducks, and increased disease risks. To maintain clean air, existing farming systems generally use forced ventilation to directly discharge polluted air. However, this method not only results in energy loss but also releases untreated high-concentration ammonia and organic particulate matter into the external environment, causing secondary pollution. Some farms have attempted to reuse exhaust air through heat exchangers or return air systems. However, due to the high levels of water vapor, ammonia, and organic particles in the indoor air, traditional filtration, adsorption, or heat exchangers are prone to condensation, blockage, and adsorption saturation, leading to reduced purification efficiency and even causing odor backflow and equipment corrosion, making it difficult to achieve stable gas purification and recycling. Therefore, it is essential to design an energy-saving ventilation system and method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse to improve purification efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an energy-saving ventilation system and method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse, which has the advantage of improving purification efficiency and solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the aforementioned goal of improving purification efficiency, this invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Temperature, humidity, and concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust in each ventilation area of ​​the duck house were collected at different times. The collected data were then cross-analyzed across multiple areas to identify abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points.

[0006] Based on the analysis results, the air was divided into zones according to pollution type and flow direction. Dust-laden air was separated by a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration. Humid air was treated by circulating condensation. High-concentration ammonia gas was treated by adsorption or chemical neutralization. The treated air was then introduced into the return air path.

[0007] By using variable opening dampers and multi-speed circulating fans, the airflow direction is dynamically adjusted according to the air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance, and local pressurization or depressurization channels are established in the air pollution accumulation area.

[0008] During the recirculation process, an adjustable air mixing pipeline is used to mix the recycled air and fresh air in proportion, and the mixing ratio and air volume distribution are adjusted in real time according to the temperature, humidity and pollution level of the area.

[0009] Regularly analyze the status of each ventilation path, filter unit, and air zone, and adjust the cleaning cycle, diversion ratio, and circulating fan operation mode according to the air quality change trend and air volume distribution.

[0010] The preferred process for identifying abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points is as follows:

[0011] By deploying a multi-point temperature, humidity and gas concentration sensor array in different ventilation zones, the air flow characteristics and pollution indicators of each ventilation zone are obtained.

[0012] By using a time-sliding window-based dynamic correlation analysis method, time-series differencing is performed on continuously sampled data to extract the stability of airflow direction and local velocity deviation.

[0013] Construct a pollution diffusion coefficient matrix and identify anomalous areas where the concentration of pollutants in the air is higher than the background level through principal component analysis of the matrix.

[0014] By combining the stability of airflow and the degree of pollutant accumulation, the spatial locations of areas with abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points are determined.

[0015] Preferably, the process of guiding air to zones according to pollution type and flow direction is as follows:

[0016] Based on the distribution characteristics of pollution accumulation points and airflow direction, the ventilation space is divided into high-pollution zone, transition zone and clean zone;

[0017] By coordinating and setting the opening degree and flow direction of the air valves in different ventilation branches through the area controller, highly polluted air is preferentially allowed to enter the purification branch, while clean air returns to the transition zone through the main return air duct.

[0018] Flow guide vanes and pressure balance valves are installed at the boundaries of each zone. Differential pressure regulation is used to control the flow rate and direction of cross-zone airflow and output zone guidance strategy parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the process of separating dust-laden air through a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration is as follows:

[0020] High-dust-laden air is introduced into a settling chamber with an adjustable tilt angle, utilizing the flow velocity to create a low-velocity zone.

[0021] By setting up multi-stage baffles, dust of different particle sizes is collected in layers, and fine particles that have not been completely settled are introduced into the primary filtration unit.

[0022] The primary filtration unit combines a high-throughput filter with an electrostatic auxiliary device to perform secondary air purification.

[0023] The preferred method is to dynamically adjust the airflow direction based on air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance as follows:

[0024] Based on the pollution index and wind pressure sensor data collected in real time in each zone, the air pollution intensity coefficient and pipeline resistance coefficient are calculated.

[0025] The air pollution intensity coefficient and the pipeline resistance coefficient are input into the flow distribution algorithm to determine the target flow rate of each return air branch.

[0026] The cross-sectional opening of the ventilation branch is automatically adjusted by a variable opening damper, and the corresponding air pressure is output by a multi-speed circulating fan;

[0027] During the airflow adjustment process, the changes in ventilation resistance are monitored in real time, and differential pressure compensation is implemented in high-resistance areas.

[0028] Preferably, the process of establishing local pressurization or depressurization channels in areas of air pollution accumulation is as follows:

[0029] Based on the analysis results of air collection data from each ventilation area, the pollution accumulation points and abnormal air flow areas are identified, and the spatial locations where local air flow is slow or pollution accumulates are located.

[0030] Local air duct branches are laid out in the spatial location, and the positive or negative pressure is adjusted by miniature blowers or exhaust vents;

[0031] If the accumulation level of local contamination points exceeds a preset threshold, a decompression channel is established.

[0032] If the accumulation level of local pollution accumulation points is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a pressurization channel is established.

[0033] The preferred process for mixing recycled air and fresh air in a specific ratio is as follows:

[0034] An air mixing duct is installed between the return air duct and the intake air duct, with the two ends of the duct connected to the recovered air outlet and the external fresh air inlet, respectively.

[0035] By setting a proportional control valve group, the ratio of fresh air to return air is dynamically allocated according to the real-time temperature and humidity deviation and air quality level.

[0036] Within the mixing pipeline, through airflow guidance and pipeline structure design, the mixed airflow is temperature-equilibrated before being delivered to the building's ventilation network.

[0037] Preferably, the process of adjusting the mixing ratio and air volume distribution in real time according to the regional temperature, humidity and pollution level is as follows:

[0038] Real-time data on temperature, humidity, ammonia and dust concentration inside and outside the building are collected to construct an environmental state vector.

[0039] The target mixing ratio and air volume distribution parameters are calculated using an environmental control algorithm based on fuzzy logic.

[0040] The target parameters are applied to the control commands of the proportional control valve and the circulating fan to adjust the airflow ratio and wind speed in real time.

[0041] When a sudden change in regional temperature and humidity or an abnormal increase in pollution levels is detected, the priority fresh air replenishment mechanism is automatically triggered.

[0042] Preferably, the process of adjusting the cleaning cycle, diversion ratio, and circulating fan operation mode is as follows:

[0043] Based on the trends of air quality and wind resistance changes in each ventilation path, continuously monitor the air purification efficiency and resistance changes of the filter unit, and assess the performance degradation of the filter over time.

[0044] When the evaluation results show that the purification efficiency of the filter unit is lower than the expected target, a cleaning or replacement prompt will be automatically generated.

[0045] By comparing historical operating data, the energy consumption and flow utilization of different ventilation branches are evaluated, and the optimal diversion ratio is calculated.

[0046] It automatically switches between low-speed circulation, intermittent circulation, and full-speed circulation modes depending on the load and air quality.

[0047] An energy-saving ventilation system for duck houses based on air purification and reuse includes:

[0048] Environmental data acquisition module: Collects and performs preliminary analysis of temperature, humidity and gas concentration in various ventilation areas of the duck house at different times;

[0049] The air diversion and purification module: diverts air according to the type of pollution and purifies dusty air, humid air and ammonia.

[0050] Circulation regulation module: Dynamically controls airflow direction through air valves and fans to form multi-stage closed-loop circulation and local pressure regulation;

[0051] The heat mixing control module: regulates the heat of the recovered air and mixes it with the fresh air in proportion, while controlling the mixing ratio and air volume distribution;

[0052] Strategy optimization module: Periodically adjusts filtration, diversion, and fan operation strategies based on air quality and circulation status.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving ventilation system and method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] This invention, through time-sharing data collection and multi-regional cross-analysis of air inside duck houses, can dynamically grasp the temperature, humidity, and gas concentration changes in each ventilation zone, enabling precise location of abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points, avoiding the local failure problem of traditional single-point monitoring. By employing a zoned guidance strategy based on pollution type and flow direction, highly polluted air and clean air form an orderly flow path within the space, significantly improving gas exchange efficiency and local ventilation uniformity. Using a multi-stage treatment method including gravity settling, primary filtration, condensation dehumidification, and adsorption neutralization, it effectively reduces dust content, humidity, and ammonia concentration, improving indoor air quality. It also addresses the issue of accumulated air pollution. The system establishes localized pressurization or depressurization channels to rapidly replace stagnant air, reducing the accumulation of harmful gases and cross-contamination at the source. Combined with dynamic control of variable-opening dampers and multi-speed circulating fans, it achieves refined airflow distribution based on pollution intensity and wind resistance, effectively reducing energy consumption and enhancing system adaptability. Simultaneously, through the proportional mixing of fresh and return air and a heat and humidity regulation mechanism, it maintains air cleanliness while reducing heat loss and improving energy utilization. Through air quality trend analysis and automatic operation strategy optimization, it achieves long-term stable, efficient, and energy-saving operation of the ventilation system, providing an intelligent and sustainable solution for environmental control in duck farms. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: Time-sharing data collection was conducted on temperature, humidity, and concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust in various ventilation areas within the duck house. The collected data were then cross-analyzed across multiple areas to identify abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points.

[0060] The process of identifying abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points in S1 is as follows:

[0061] By deploying multi-point temperature, humidity, and gas concentration sensor arrays in different ventilation zones, the airflow characteristics and pollution indicators of each ventilation zone are obtained. Inside the duck house, multiple sensor node arrays are set up according to the spatial layout and ventilation zones. Each array includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ammonia concentration sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and a dust concentration sensor. Each sensor collects local air parameters at a fixed sampling period and uploads them to the environmental monitoring main control terminal via wireless or wired network. The main control terminal performs time synchronization and spatial interpolation on the sensor data of different zones to form an air parameter field covering the entire space inside the house. By calculating the temperature gradient, humidity difference, and gas concentration difference between adjacent nodes, the preliminary characteristic distribution of airflow can be obtained.

[0062] Using a time-sliding window-based dynamic correlation analysis method, continuous sampling data is subjected to time-series differencing to extract airflow direction stability and local velocity deviation. When processing the time-series data of the multi-point sensor array at the main control end, a sliding time window algorithm (the time window length is set according to the airflow update cycle in the cell) is used to calculate the rate of change of temperature, humidity and concentration between adjacent sensor points in each sampling cycle. The changing trend in each time period is obtained through time-series differencing, and a dynamic correlation matrix of airflow direction is constructed based on this. By analyzing the phase difference and correlation coefficient of parameter changes between different nodes, the consistency index of airflow direction can be extracted. When the consistency index decreases or the local velocity deviation increases significantly, it is determined that there are abnormal characteristics such as airflow turbulence, reverse flow or flow stagnation in the area, thereby identifying areas with poor airflow direction stability.

[0063] A pollution diffusion coefficient matrix is ​​constructed, and principal component analysis is used to identify abnormal areas where the concentration of pollutants in the air is higher than the background level. Based on the pollutant concentration sampling results of each sensor node, a diffusion coefficient matrix containing three types of pollutants, namely ammonia, carbon dioxide and dust, is established to reflect the spatial coupling relationship of pollutant transport between different regions. Feature decomposition is performed on the matrix to extract the main pollution diffusion direction and cumulative feature components. By comparing the principal component score of the current sampling period with the historical average background level, areas where the pollutant concentration is significantly higher than the normal range can be identified, which are usually locations where gas exchange is limited, ventilation is poor or there are concentrated emission sources.

[0064] By combining airflow stability and pollutant accumulation levels, the spatial locations of airflow anomaly zones and pollution accumulation points are determined. The obtained flow direction stability index is fused with the pollution diffusion principal component data obtained in the third step to construct an air dynamics-pollution coupling model. Based on the flow stability weights and pollution concentration deviations of different regions, an airflow anomaly score is calculated. When the score exceeds the set anomaly judgment threshold, the region is determined to be an airflow anomaly zone. The spatial aggregation analysis of the anomaly score distribution is performed using a clustering algorithm to extract the center point with the highest anomaly score density and mark it as a pollution accumulation point.

[0065] S2: Based on the analysis results, the air is divided into zones according to pollution type and flow direction. Dust-laden air is separated by a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration. Humid air is treated by circulating condensation. High-concentration ammonia gas is treated by adsorption or chemical neutralization. The treated air is then introduced into the return air path.

[0066] The process of guiding air to zones based on pollution type and flow direction in S2 is as follows:

[0067] Based on the distribution characteristics of pollution accumulation points and airflow direction, the ventilation space is divided into high-pollution zone, transition zone, and clean zone. After identifying areas with abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points, the system spatially maps the air pollutant concentration distribution and flow direction in each monitoring area. By superimposing and analyzing the airflow velocity vector with the pollutant concentration contour lines, the migration trend and accumulation location of pollutants in space are identified. Based on the consistency of pollution level gradient and flow direction, the entire duck house space is divided into three functional areas: areas with limited pollutant concentration and gas exchange are defined as high-pollution zones; areas where airflow directions intersect or mix are defined as transition zones; and areas with pollutant concentration close to the environmental background level and uniform and stable airflow velocity are defined as clean zones. The boundaries of each zone can be adjusted in real time according to dynamic monitoring data, so that the zone division can be adaptively optimized according to changes in air conditions.

[0068] By coordinating the opening and flow direction commands of the air valves in different ventilation branches through the area controller, highly polluted air is preferentially introduced into the purification branch, while clean air returns to the transition zone through the main return air duct. The area controller is invoked to assign commands to the air valves of each branch in the ventilation network. The air valve groups in the high-pollution area are set to negative pressure or larger opening, so that the air in this area is preferentially drawn into the purification branch under the action of air pressure difference. The purification branch is equipped with modules such as filtration, condensation or adsorption to perform multi-stage purification treatment on the air. The purified air enters the transition zone or clean zone through the return air duct, realizing the gradual improvement of air quality. The air valves in the clean zone are controlled with a relatively small opening positive pressure, so that the purified air forms an airflow direction from the clean zone to the transition zone, thereby establishing a stable airflow gradient and preventing polluted air from seeping back.

[0069] Flow guide vanes and pressure balancing valves are installed at the boundaries of each zone. Differential pressure regulation is used to control the flow rate and direction of cross-zone airflow and output zone guidance strategy parameters. Flow guide vane structures are installed at the boundaries of each zone to make the airflow flow in a set direction and form a controllable flow velocity transition zone at the junction. Pressure balancing valves are installed at the flow guide vanes or branch nodes to adjust the air pressure difference between each zone in real time. When the air pressure in a certain zone is detected to be too high or the flow velocity is abnormal, the balancing valve automatically adjusts its opening to maintain the stability of cross-zone airflow. The pressure difference, flow velocity deviation and pollution concentration difference between each zone are dynamically calculated based on sensor array data, and zone guidance strategy parameters are output, including the valve opening ratio, the balancing valve adjustment coefficient and the flow guide vane angle setting. The strategy parameters are sent from the central control unit to the execution end to realize real-time closed-loop control of the air zone guidance process, thereby ensuring that polluted air can be effectively guided into the purification path, while clean airflow maintains a stable circulation within the building.

[0070] The process of separating dust-laden air in S2 through a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration is as follows:

[0071] High-dust-laden air is introduced into a settling chamber with an adjustable tilt angle, utilizing the flow velocity buffer to create a low-velocity zone. The air is then guided through a pipe diversion valve to a specially designed gravity settling chamber, which contains an adjustable-angle guide panel. The tilt angle can be adaptively adjusted based on airflow and dust concentration. As the dust-laden air enters the settling chamber, the airflow velocity gradually decreases through the diffuser section, forming a low-velocity buffer zone. This causes larger dust particles to lose their suspension capacity due to inertia and settle along the direction of gravity. By controlling the volume, flow velocity, and tilt angle parameters of the settling chamber, stratified settling of dust particles of different sizes can be achieved, improving primary dust removal efficiency while reducing the load on downstream filter units.

[0072] By setting up multi-stage baffles, dust of different particle sizes is collected in layers, and fine particles that have not settled completely are introduced into the primary filtration unit. The multi-stage baffle structure is arranged along the airflow direction inside the settling chamber. The spacing and angle of the baffles are designed differently according to the dust particle size distribution. Larger particles are captured by collision and gravity in the front baffle area and fall into the lower dust collection tank. Medium-sized particles gradually settle during the multiple deflections of the airflow. The baffles are made of corrosion-resistant metal materials or composite plastic plates, and the surface can be sprayed with an anti-adhesion coating to prevent dust accumulation from affecting the airflow channel. For fine dust that is still in a suspended state, it is introduced into the primary filtration unit through the end guide pipe to achieve subsequent purification through gas-solid separation. The entire baffle system can be automatically controlled by a module to periodically shake off the accumulated dust and discharge the deposits in a concentrated manner to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0073] The primary filtration unit combines a high-throughput filter with an electrostatic auxiliary device for secondary air purification. After gravity settling, the airflow enters the primary filtration unit, which consists of a high-throughput filter layer and an electrostatic dust removal device. The filter layer uses low-resistance, high-dust-holding-rate materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membranes or multi-layer non-woven composite mesh, which can effectively intercept residual dust particles larger than 2 micrometers. To improve the capture capacity of submicron particles, an electrostatic auxiliary device is installed at the front end of the filter. By applying a low-voltage electric field, the dust particles are charged, thereby enhancing their adsorption probability on the filter surface. After this dual purification, the dust concentration in the air can be reduced to less than 5% of the intake air concentration. At the same time, a differential pressure monitoring module is equipped to detect changes in filter resistance and automatically trigger backflushing or replacement procedures to ensure a dynamic balance between filtration efficiency and ventilation resistance.

[0074] S3: By using variable opening dampers and multi-speed circulating fans, the airflow direction is dynamically adjusted according to the air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance, and local pressurization or depressurization channels are established in the air pollution accumulation area.

[0075] The process of dynamically adjusting airflow direction based on air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance in S3 is as follows:

[0076] Based on the real-time pollution index and wind pressure sensor data collected from each zone, the air pollution intensity coefficient and pipeline resistance coefficient are calculated. Each ventilation zone is equipped with various types of gas sensors, such as temperature and humidity, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust concentration, as well as wind pressure and flow velocity sensors installed in the main ventilation ducts. The control unit collects pollution index and wind pressure data of each area at fixed time steps, and calculates the pollution index after normalizing the pollutant concentration. Based on the trend of pollution index change and air velocity gradient, the air pollution intensity coefficient is further generated to quantify the relative pollution level of the air in the zone. Combined with the wind pressure difference and flow data of each ventilation branch, the pipeline resistance coefficient is calculated in real time using the pipeline flow resistance formula to reflect the air transport difficulty of each branch.

[0077] The air pollution intensity coefficient and the pipeline resistance coefficient are input into the flow distribution algorithm to determine the target flow rate of each return air branch. The input includes the air pollution intensity coefficient, pipeline resistance coefficient and the air volume constraint of the whole system in each area. With pollution priority purification and air resistance balanced distribution as dual objectives, the algorithm weighs air purification efficiency and energy consumption stability. Through the weighted coefficient adjustment strategy, the algorithm automatically increases the target flow rate ratio of branches in high pollution areas, while making appropriate compensation for high resistance branches to avoid pollution retention caused by local low air volume. The calculated target flow rate generates a control command table for each ventilation branch to ensure that the air flow direction is optimized according to the real-time change of pollution level.

[0078] The system automatically adjusts the cross-sectional opening of ventilation branches via variable-opening dampers, and outputs corresponding air pressure via multi-speed circulating fans. Based on target flow control commands, the system dynamically adjusts the electrically operated variable-opening dampers installed in each branch. The dampers utilize a servo motor drive structure with continuously adjustable opening range and are equipped with angle feedback sensors to ensure positioning accuracy. The system automatically corrects the valve opening based on the deviation between the target flow and the real-time flow, achieving precise airflow control. The multi-speed circulating fans automatically switch speed levels according to airflow demand, outputting air pressure matching the resistance of each branch. The fan speed and damper opening are coordinated through closed-loop control, enabling the system to increase airflow during periods of high pollution and automatically reduce energy consumption when pollution decreases, balancing purification efficiency and energy saving performance.

[0079] During airflow adjustment, changes in ventilation resistance are monitored in real time, and differential pressure compensation is implemented in high-resistance areas. Differential pressure sensing nodes are set in each main ventilation duct and return air branch to monitor changes in ventilation resistance at millisecond frequency. When the resistance coefficient of a certain area exceeds the set threshold, the differential pressure compensation mechanism is triggered: by increasing the fan speed of the corresponding branch or expanding the opening of the air valve, the local flow velocity is increased to overcome the resistance; by adjusting the flow distribution ratio of adjacent branches, airflow bypass compensation is formed to reduce local pressure loss. Statistical regression analysis is performed on each differential pressure change to predict the trend of resistance change and pre-adjust control parameters in advance, thereby avoiding system oscillation caused by excessive transient pressure difference. After this dynamic compensation mechanism, the entire ventilation system can maintain a stable airflow distribution state, ensuring pollutant discharge efficiency and airflow uniformity.

[0080] The process of establishing local pressurization or depressurization channels in the air pollution accumulation area in S3 is as follows:

[0081] Based on the analysis of air collection data from each ventilation area, pollution accumulation points and abnormal airflow areas are identified, and spatial locations with slow airflow or pollution accumulation are located. Using collected temperature, humidity, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust concentration data, a time-series sliding window analysis and spatial interpolation algorithms are employed to obtain airflow distribution maps for each ventilation area. By comparing the airflow velocity vector field with the pollution diffusion coefficient matrix, spatial areas with low flow velocity and high pollutant concentrations are automatically identified, and their positions and ranges in the three-dimensional coordinate system are determined. Areas with persistent stagnant air masses or a trend of pollutant concentration accumulation are marked as pollution accumulation points. Areas with wind speeds significantly lower than the regional average, chaotic flow directions, or countercurrent flow are marked as abnormal airflow areas. Based on the spatial overlap between the two types of areas and the airflow gradient, the specific spatial locations requiring localized air pressure intervention are ultimately located.

[0082] Local air duct branches are deployed in the spatial location, and positive or negative pressure is adjusted by miniature blowers or exhaust vents. Adjustable local air duct branches are installed at the identified target spatial location. These branches are connected to the main ventilation duct through flexible pipes or short-distance metal ducts. Each air duct branch is equipped with an independent miniature blower or exhaust vent unit. The blower can realize positive pressure air supply, while the exhaust vent is used to establish a negative pressure exhaust environment. The blower speed and exhaust valve opening are dynamically adjusted by the control unit so that the branch duct outputs different pressure states in different working modes, thereby forming directional airflow in the local space. The geometry and installation angle of the air duct branches can be optimized according to the spatial airflow distribution characteristics to ensure that the airflow intervention coverage is sufficient and the disturbance intensity is moderate, without affecting the overall ventilation balance.

[0083] If the accumulation level of local contamination points exceeds a preset threshold, a decompression channel is established.

[0084] If the accumulation level of local pollution accumulation points is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a pressurization channel is established.

[0085] S4: During the recirculation process, an adjustable air mixing pipeline is used to mix the recycled air and fresh air in proportion, and the mixing ratio and air volume distribution are adjusted in real time according to the temperature, humidity and pollution level of the area.

[0086] The process of mixing recycled air and fresh air in proportion in S4 is as follows:

[0087] An air mixing duct is installed between the return air main duct and the intake air main duct, with the two ends of the duct connected to the recovered air outlet and the external fresh air inlet, respectively. An air mixing duct for gas composition adjustment is also installed. This duct is connected to the recovered air outlet of the return air main duct at one end via a tee or bidirectional connection structure, and the other end is connected to the fresh air inlet of the external environment. The air mixing duct is made of corrosion-resistant metal or composite material, and its inner diameter is determined according to the total air volume and pressure loss requirements of the system to ensure smooth airflow and mixing stability under different wind speed conditions. To prevent backflow or backflow, check valves and airflow guide rings are installed at both ends. The structure can adopt a detachable modular design for easy regular cleaning and maintenance, and airtightness is ensured by sealing rings to avoid uncontrolled leakage or cross-contamination between different airflows.

[0088] By setting up proportional control valve groups, the ratio of fresh air to return air is dynamically allocated according to real-time temperature and humidity deviations and air quality levels. A set of independently adjustable proportional control valves is installed in the air mixing pipeline to finely allocate the flow rates of return air and fresh air. The temperature, humidity, and air quality indicators (including ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust concentration) of the indoor and outdoor air are collected in real time, and the deviation between the current indoor environmental parameters and the target comfort range is calculated. Based on this deviation and the air quality level, the opening of each control valve is dynamically adjusted through a proportional adjustment algorithm, so that the flow rate ratio of fresh air to return air remains continuously adjustable over time. For example, when the indoor temperature is high and the air pollution level is high, the opening of the fresh air valve is automatically increased and the opening of the return air valve is decreased; conversely, the return air ratio is increased to achieve energy-saving operation. In the mixing pipeline, through airflow guidance and pipeline structure design, the mixed air flow is temperature-equilibrated and then delivered to the indoor ventilation network.

[0089] The process in S4 that adjusts the mixing ratio and air volume distribution in real time based on regional temperature, humidity, and pollution levels is as follows:

[0090] Real-time data collection of temperature, humidity, ammonia, and dust concentrations inside and outside the duck house is used to construct an environmental state vector. Multiple temperature and humidity sensors and gas concentration sensors are deployed inside the duck house, and environmental monitoring sensors are placed at the external fresh air inlet to achieve synchronous collection of air conditions inside and outside the house. The sensors collect data periodically or continuously, and the data is integrated by the data acquisition system to form an environmental state vector, which includes the temperature, humidity, ammonia concentration, and dust concentration at each monitoring point. Through data preprocessing (such as filtering, noise reduction, and missing value interpolation), the state vector is ensured to reflect the real-time and accurate air quality and environmental conditions.

[0091] Using a fuzzy logic-based environmental control algorithm, the target mixing ratio and airflow distribution parameters are calculated. The real-time constructed environmental state vector is input into the fuzzy logic control algorithm. By fuzzifying various monitoring indicators (such as high temperature, moderate humidity, and slight pollution), combined with empirical rules and system objectives (such as maintaining comfortable temperature, humidity, and air quality levels in the building), the target mixing ratio of return air and fresh air, as well as the airflow distribution parameters of each ventilation branch, are calculated. The fuzzy logic control algorithm can handle nonlinear and continuously changing environmental variables and consider the uncertainty of airflow, achieving rapid response and precise control to dynamic environments. The calculation results directly reflect the optimal ventilation strategy of the system under the current environment, achieving a balance between energy saving and environmental comfort.

[0092] The target parameters are applied to the control commands of the proportional control valve and the circulating fan to adjust the airflow ratio and wind speed in real time. Based on the target mixing ratio and airflow parameters calculated by the fuzzy logic algorithm, commands are sent to the proportional control valve in the air mixing pipeline and the circulating fans in each return air branch. The control valve adjusts its opening to change the flow ratio of return air to fresh air, achieving dynamic adjustment of the mixing ratio. The circulating fan adjusts its speed according to the commands to ensure that each ventilation branch achieves the expected airflow distribution. The entire process forms a closed-loop feedback in the control system, monitoring airflow, temperature, humidity, and pollution indicators in real time, and adjusting the control valve and fan output according to deviations to ensure that the airflow ratio and wind speed always match the target parameters, achieving stable and efficient air conditioning.

[0093] When a sudden change in temperature and humidity or an abnormal increase in pollution levels is detected, the priority fresh air replenishment mechanism is automatically triggered. By judging anomalies in the real-time collected environmental state vectors, when the temperature or humidity inside the shed changes drastically, or when the concentration of ammonia or dust suddenly rises above the normal range, the priority fresh air replenishment mechanism is automatically activated. This mechanism increases the air volume of the fresh air duct, increases the proportion of fresh air, or directly turns on an additional fan to quickly introduce fresh external air, dilute polluted gases, and reduce temperature and humidity fluctuations. The priority fresh air replenishment mechanism can work in conjunction with proportional control valves and fans to ensure that air quality is restored quickly, while avoiding excessive energy consumption or excessive heating and cooling adjustments, thus ensuring a healthy and stable environment in the duck house.

[0094] S5: Regularly analyze the status of each ventilation path, filter unit and air zone, and adjust the cleaning cycle, diversion ratio and circulation fan operation mode according to the air quality change trend and air volume distribution.

[0095] The process of adjusting the cleaning cycle, flow ratio, and circulating fan operation mode in S5 is as follows:

[0096] Based on the trends in air quality and wind resistance changes in each ventilation path, the air purification efficiency and resistance changes of the filter unit are continuously monitored, and the performance degradation of the filter over time is assessed. When the assessment results show that the purification efficiency of the filter unit is lower than the expected target, a cleaning or replacement prompt is automatically generated.

[0097] By comparing historical operating data, the energy consumption and flow utilization of different ventilation branches are evaluated, and the optimal diversion ratio is calculated. By recording airflow, energy consumption, and air quality data for each ventilation branch under different operating modes, the efficiency and energy-saving performance of each branch are compared and analyzed to determine the optimal diversion ratio for different ventilation branches. The optimal diversion ratio maximizes air renewal efficiency while reducing overall system energy consumption and optimizing air circulation. The calculation process considers air pollution accumulation points, return air path length, and branch load differences to ensure that the diversion ratio adjustment meets both air purification requirements and energy-saving requirements. Based on load and air quality conditions, the system automatically switches between low-speed circulation, intermittent circulation, and full-speed circulation modes.

[0098] Example 2: As Figure 2 As shown, an energy-saving ventilation system for duck houses based on air purification and reuse includes:

[0099] Environmental data acquisition module: Collects and performs preliminary analysis of temperature, humidity and gas concentration in various ventilation areas of the duck house at different times;

[0100] The air diversion and purification module: diverts air according to the type of pollution and purifies dusty air, humid air and ammonia.

[0101] Circulation regulation module: Dynamically controls airflow direction through air valves and fans to form multi-stage closed-loop circulation and local pressure regulation;

[0102] The heat mixing control module: regulates the heat of the recovered air and mixes it with the fresh air in proportion, while controlling the mixing ratio and air volume distribution;

[0103] Strategy optimization module: Periodically adjusts filtration, diversion, and fan operation strategies based on air quality and circulation status.

[0104] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0105] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A meat duck house energy-saving ventilation method based on air purification recycling, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Temperature, humidity, and concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide, and dust in each ventilation area of ​​the duck house were collected at different times. The collected data were then cross-analyzed across multiple areas to identify abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points. The process of identifying abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points is as follows: By deploying a multi-point temperature, humidity and gas concentration sensor array in different ventilation zones, the air flow characteristics and pollution indicators of each ventilation zone are obtained. By using a time-sliding window-based dynamic correlation analysis method, time-series differencing is performed on continuously sampled data to extract the stability of airflow direction and local velocity deviation. Construct a pollution diffusion coefficient matrix and identify anomalous areas where the concentration of pollutants in the air is higher than the background level through principal component analysis of the matrix. By combining airflow stability and pollutant accumulation levels, the spatial locations of areas with abnormal airflow and pollution accumulation points can be determined. Based on the analysis results, the air was divided into zones according to pollution type and flow direction. Dust-laden air was separated by a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration. Humid air was treated by circulating condensation. High-concentration ammonia gas was treated by adsorption or chemical neutralization. The treated air was then introduced into the return air path. By using variable opening dampers and multi-speed circulating fans, the airflow direction is dynamically adjusted according to the air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance, and local pressurization or depressurization channels are established in the air pollution accumulation area. During the recirculation process, an adjustable air mixing pipeline is used to mix the recycled air and fresh air in proportion, and the mixing ratio and air volume distribution are adjusted in real time according to the temperature, humidity and pollution level of the area. Regularly analyze the status of each ventilation path, filter unit, and air zone, and adjust the cleaning cycle, diversion ratio, and circulating fan operation mode according to the air quality change trend and air volume distribution.

2. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of guiding air to zones based on pollution type and flow direction is as follows: Based on the distribution characteristics of pollution accumulation points and airflow direction, the ventilation space is divided into high-pollution zone, transition zone and clean zone; By coordinating and setting the opening degree and flow direction of the air valves in different ventilation branches through the area controller, highly polluted air is preferentially allowed to enter the purification branch, while clean air returns to the transition zone through the main return air duct. Flow guide vanes and pressure balance valves are installed at the boundaries of each zone. Differential pressure regulation is used to control the flow rate and direction of cross-zone airflow and output zone guidance strategy parameters.

3. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of separating dust-laden air through a combination of gravity settling and primary filtration is as follows: High-dust-laden air is introduced into a settling chamber with an adjustable tilt angle, utilizing the flow velocity to create a low-velocity zone. By setting up multi-stage baffles, dust of different particle sizes is collected in layers, and fine particles that have not been completely settled are introduced into the primary filtration unit. The primary filtration unit combines a high-throughput filter with an electrostatic auxiliary device to perform secondary air purification.

4. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of dynamically adjusting airflow direction based on air pollution intensity and ventilation resistance is as follows: Based on the pollution index and wind pressure sensor data collected in real time in each zone, the air pollution intensity coefficient and pipeline resistance coefficient are calculated. The air pollution intensity coefficient and the pipeline resistance coefficient are input into the flow distribution algorithm to determine the target flow rate of each return air branch. The cross-sectional opening of the ventilation branch is automatically adjusted by a variable opening damper, and the corresponding air pressure is output by a multi-speed circulating fan; During the airflow adjustment process, the changes in ventilation resistance are monitored in real time, and differential pressure compensation is implemented in high-resistance areas.

5. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of establishing localized pressurization or depressurization channels in areas of air pollution accumulation is as follows: Based on the analysis results of air collection data from each ventilation area, the pollution accumulation points and abnormal air flow areas are identified, and the spatial locations where local air flow is slow or pollution accumulates are located. Local air duct branches are laid out in the spatial location, and the positive or negative pressure is adjusted by miniature blowers or exhaust vents; If the accumulation level of local contamination points exceeds a preset threshold, a decompression channel is established. If the accumulation level of local pollution accumulation points is less than or equal to a preset threshold, a pressurization channel is established.

6. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of mixing recycled air and fresh air in a specific ratio is as follows: An air mixing duct is installed between the return air duct and the intake air duct, with the two ends of the duct connected to the recovered air outlet and the external fresh air inlet, respectively. By setting a proportional control valve group, the ratio of fresh air to return air is dynamically allocated according to the real-time temperature and humidity deviation and air quality level. Within the mixing pipeline, through airflow guidance and pipeline structure design, the mixed airflow is temperature-equilibrated before being delivered to the building's ventilation network.

7. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of adjusting the mixing ratio and air volume distribution in real time based on regional temperature, humidity, and pollution levels is as follows: Real-time data on temperature, humidity, ammonia and dust concentration inside and outside the building are collected to construct an environmental state vector. The target mixing ratio and air volume distribution parameters are calculated using an environmental control algorithm based on fuzzy logic. The target parameters are applied to the control commands of the proportional control valve and the circulating fan to adjust the airflow ratio and wind speed in real time. When a sudden change in regional temperature and humidity or an abnormal increase in pollution levels is detected, the priority fresh air replenishment mechanism is automatically triggered.

8. The energy-saving ventilation method for duck houses based on air purification and reuse according to claim 7, characterized in that... The process of adjusting the cleaning cycle, diversion ratio, and circulating fan operation mode is as follows: Based on the trends of air quality and wind resistance changes in each ventilation path, continuously monitor the air purification efficiency and resistance changes of the filter unit, and assess the performance degradation of the filter over time. When the evaluation results show that the purification efficiency of the filter unit is lower than the expected target, a cleaning or replacement prompt will be automatically generated. By comparing historical operating data, the energy consumption and flow utilization of different ventilation branches are evaluated, and the optimal diversion ratio is calculated. It automatically switches between low-speed circulation, intermittent circulation, and full-speed circulation modes depending on the load and air quality.

9. An energy-saving ventilation system for duck houses based on air purification and reuse, applied to the method described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Environmental data acquisition module: Collects and performs preliminary analysis of temperature, humidity and gas concentration in various ventilation areas of the duck house at different times; The air diversion and purification module: diverts air according to the type of pollution and purifies dusty air, humid air and ammonia. Circulation regulation module: Dynamically controls airflow direction through air valves and fans to form multi-stage closed-loop circulation and local pressure regulation; The heat mixing control module: regulates the heat of the recovered air and mixes it with the fresh air in proportion, while controlling the mixing ratio and air volume distribution; Strategy optimization module: Periodically adjusts filtration, diversion, and fan operation strategies based on air quality and circulation status.

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