Multi-point vortex light beam parallel welding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-point vortex light beam parallel welding device, relates to the technical field of laser welding, and can solve the problems of welding stress warping / fragmentation and insufficient welding quality of optical elements. The device comprises a first laser used for generating picosecond or femtosecond first laser; the beam splitting unit is arranged on an emergent light path of the first laser and is used for splitting the first laser into a plurality of beams of first sub-laser; the second laser is used for generating second laser; and the beam combining unit is used for enabling the multiple beams of first sub-lasers and the second laser to act on a welding area, the multiple beams of first sub-lasers are used for the welding area, and the second laser serves as a background light source and is used for conducting laser heating on the welding area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous advancement of today's industrial production, material bonding technology has been widely used in the manufacturing or assembly process of precision machinery, biomedical, photoelectric sensing and other fields, and has become an indispensable important link. Laser welding glass technology has broad application prospects in many fields. For example, in the fields of medical equipment, optical instruments, electronic products, etc., laser welding glass technology can be used to manufacture high-precision, high-performance glass components. In addition, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, solar energy and other fields, laser welding glass technology will also play an important role in the manufacturing of solar cell panels, vehicle window glass and other products.

[0003] At present, the optical elements of glass material and the mechanical components of metal material are welded by using Gaussian beam single-point technology, which is easy to cause the problems of large concentricity error of optical elements, stress warping / breaking, and insufficient welding quality. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device, which can solve the problems of optical element welding stress warping / breaking and insufficient welding quality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device, which comprises: A first laser for generating picosecond or femtosecond first laser; A beam splitting unit arranged on the exit light path of the first laser for splitting the first laser into a plurality of first sub-lasers; A second laser for generating a second laser; A beam combining unit for applying the plurality of first sub-lasers and the second laser to a welding area, wherein the plurality of first sub-lasers symmetrically act on the welding area, and the second laser acts as a background light source for laser heating of the welding area.

[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the device further comprises a first adjusting module arranged between the first laser and the beam splitting unit; The first adjusting module is used to adjust the spot and energy of the first laser to obtain a first target laser; The beam splitting unit is further used to split the first target laser into a plurality of beams to obtain the plurality of first sub-lasers.

[0007] As a possible implementation manner, the laser adjusting module comprises: a vortex light adjusting unit and a first energy adjusting unit arranged on the light path of the first laser in sequence. The vortex light adjusting unit is configured to adjust the first laser into radial polarization laser, and adjust the spot of the radial polarization laser into a target spot, so as to obtain spot modulation laser, wherein the target spot is a circular spot, a triangular spot or a rectangular spot with a hollow center.

[0008] As a possible implementation manner, the first energy adjusting unit is configured to perform energy attenuation processing on the spot modulation laser to obtain the first target laser.

[0009] As a possible implementation manner, the device further comprises a second adjusting module, and the second adjusting module is arranged between the beam splitting unit and the beam combining unit. The second adjusting module comprises: a zoom collimation lens, a scanning galvanometer group and a focusing assembly arranged on the light path of the beam splitting unit in sequence. The zoom collimation lens is configured to perform collimation processing on each first sub-laser, and perform spot expansion and beam expansion on the first sub-laser to a target diameter, so as to obtain a plurality of collimated lasers.

[0010] As a possible implementation manner, the scanning galvanometer group comprises at least one scanning galvanometer, and the processable surface of the scanning galvanometer group covers the welding area, and the scanning galvanometer comprises a two-dimensional or three-dimensional scanning galvanometer. The scanning galvanometer group is configured to realize two-dimensional or three-dimensional laser scanning of the plurality of collimated lasers to generate a plurality of scanning lasers.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner, the focusing assembly is configured to focus each scanning laser into a target size spot, and make the focal plane of the target size spot be located in the welding area.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner, if the wavelengths of the first laser and the second laser are the same, the beam combining unit is a beam combining mirror. If the wavelengths of the first laser and the second laser are different, the beam combining unit is a dichroic mirror, and the dichroic mirror is high-transmissive to the first laser and high-reflective to the second laser.

[0013] As a possible implementation manner, the device further comprises a second energy adjusting unit arranged on the light path of the second laser, and the second energy adjusting unit is configured to perform energy attenuation processing on the second laser.

[0014] As a possible implementation, the second laser adopts a multimode fiber laser for preheating the processing area of the first laser.

[0015] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: The multi-point vortex light beam parallel welding device provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first laser for generating picosecond or femtosecond first laser; a beam splitting unit arranged on the outgoing light path of the first laser for splitting the first laser into multiple first sub-lasers; a second laser for generating second laser; and a beam combining unit for applying the multiple first sub-lasers and the second laser to a welding area, wherein the multiple first sub-lasers symmetrically act on the welding area, and the second laser acts as a background light source for laser heating of the welding area. The multi-point vortex light beam parallel welding device provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts a strategy of synchronous welding of multiple first sub-lasers, so that the welding area of the welded element has symmetrical stress points during welding, thereby solving the problems of warping of the optical element, center offset of the element, curvature deformation, material fragmentation and the like caused by concentration of single-side stress points in single-point welding. In addition, the second laser can be used as a background light source for preheating the welding area, thereby reducing the temperature gradient between the welding area and the non-welding area, reducing the problem of material fragmentation and stress damage caused by sudden welding of the local area with high temperature and large temperature gradient, improving the welding quality, and improving the absorption of the welding laser energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a multi-point vortex light beam parallel welding device provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 2 A light field distribution schematic diagram of a circular light spot with a hollow center provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 3 A composite light field distribution schematic diagram formed by a welding light spot and a background light spot provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the processable range of a scanning galvanometer group provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 5 A multi-point synchronous welding schematic diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 6 A single-point welding schematic diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure; Figure 7 A multi-beam welding scanning track schematic diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0017] Reference signs: 1-First laser, 2-Vortex beam adjustment unit, 3-First energy adjustment unit, 4-Beam splitting unit, 5-Variable magnification collimating lens, 6-Scanning galvanometer group, 7-Second laser, 8-Second energy adjustment unit, 9-Focusing assembly, 10-Beam combining unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0020] In addition, the use of “based on” or “according to” implies openness and inclusivity, because processes, steps, calculations or other actions “based on” or “according to” one or more conditions or values ​​can in practice be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those conditions.

[0021] Material bonding / welding refers to the direct or indirect establishment of atomic and molecular bonds between two independent solid objects through appropriate physicochemical processes, thereby forming a bonded whole. With the continuous advancement of modern industrial production, material bonding technology has been widely applied in the manufacturing or assembly processes of precision machinery, biomedicine, optoelectronic sensing, and other fields, becoming an indispensable and important link in these processes.

[0022] Currently, bonding / welding technologies include adhesive bonding, solid-state bonding, anodic bonding, and fusion welding. Adhesive bonding is a process technology that uses the mechanical bonding force, physical adsorption force, and chemical bonding force generated by the adhesive on the joint surface to join two adhesive components. Adhesive bonding is suitable not only for the same material but also for dissimilar materials. The adhesive bonding process is simple, does not require complex equipment, and does not need to be performed under high temperature and high pressure, thus the bonded components are less prone to deformation, and the stress distribution at the joint is uniform. However, it has disadvantages such as easy bleaching, easy aging, and release of harmful gases, making it difficult to use in the aerospace field or under high temperature and high load conditions.

[0023] Solid-state welding refers to a welding method that bonds metallic materials in a solid state without requiring the liquid metal to re-solidify, using mechanical energy, heat from chemical reactions, or indirect heat. Its core characteristic is that the base material does not melt or only its surface melts during the welding process; the connection is primarily achieved through pressure or atomic diffusion. Common methods include friction welding, diffusion welding, explosive welding, gas pressure welding, and ultrasonic welding. This technology is particularly suitable for joining dissimilar metals, such as carbon steel and stainless steel, or copper-aluminum composites. In the aerospace manufacturing industry, diffusion welding technology is widely used in the manufacture of high-temperature components such as engine blades; in rail transportation, gas pressure welding is the main process for welding railway tracks. With the increasing demand for new materials, solid-state welding technologies such as friction stir welding achieved significant technological breakthroughs in the late 2010s. Solid-state bonding can achieve large-area welding between objects, but it requires high-quality surface preparation of the objects to be welded, and the welding process is time-consuming. Furthermore, when welding dissimilar materials, a transition layer is often needed to alleviate problems such as mismatch of material physical properties and stress concentration.

[0024] Anodizing is a bonding process that rapidly achieves strong bonds by creating strong links between atoms of metallic materials under high temperature and pressure at the microscale. Because this bonding method is achieved through high temperature and pressure, the bonded material can withstand greater stress. Furthermore, low-temperature processing avoids thermal expansion and damage to the material. The related bonding equipment and materials are relatively inexpensive, making it economically viable for large-scale production. It is widely used in semiconductor device manufacturing, microelectronic packaging, and microsystem manufacturing to create micro-components such as miniature sensors, MEMS, microelectromechanical systems, and integrated circuits. However, this technology requires a high degree of matching between the thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials to be bonded; otherwise, the fatigue resistance of the welded object will be significantly affected.

[0025] Fusion welding refers to the welding process in which the weld joint is brought to a molten state under high temperature and other conditions. Because the workpieces being welded are in close contact, under the influence of temperature field and gravity, without applied pressure, the molten liquids of the two workpieces mix. As the temperature decreases, the molten portion solidifies, and the two workpieces are firmly welded together, completing the welding technique and process. Depending on the heat source, traditional fusion welding can be divided into arc welding, electron beam welding, etc. Currently, traditional fusion welding is widely used in welding metallic materials. However, due to the limitations of the heat source, traditional hot-melt welding induces a large heat-affected zone and strong residual stress. The aforementioned traditional bonding / welding processes, due to varying degrees of technical defects and limitations in processing precision, are no longer able to meet the demands of today's increasingly developed industrial production for high-efficiency, high-precision, and low-pollution processing.

[0026] Ultrafast laser welding is advantageous for overcoming the challenge of direct selective deposition of laser energy on transparent materials. It boasts exceptional material adaptability, enabling welding of dissimilar materials (transparent glass, crystals, ceramics, and organic polymers, as well as metals / non-metals). Furthermore, the heat-affected zone in ultrafast laser welding can be optimized to the micrometer scale, significantly reducing thermal damage and greatly improving welding precision. Therefore, ultrafast laser welding has attracted widespread attention from research teams both domestically and internationally in recent years.

[0027] Ultrafast laser welding is a process in which the interaction between light and matter induces localized modification of the material interface, thereby establishing a strong bond. The ultra-high peak power density of a focused, ultrashort pulse laser induces nonlinear effects across spatial and temporal scales in transparent materials, such as multiphoton absorption, tunneling ionization, avalanche ionization, plasma evolution, and a series of thermodynamic processes (thermal shock, thermal expansion, thermal phase transition, ablation, etc.). These alter the micro-morphology, molecular structure, and elemental distribution of the material. Within the focal field, materials can undergo localized fusion during the nonlinear response, enabling direct micro-area welding between samples. Laser welding technology for glass has broad application prospects in many fields. For example, in medical equipment, optical instruments, and electronic products, laser welding technology can be used to manufacture high-precision, high-performance glass components. Furthermore, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles and solar energy, laser welding technology will also play an important role in the manufacturing of solar panels, automotive window glass, and other products.

[0028] Laser welding technology for glass has broad application prospects in many fields. For example, in medical equipment, optical instruments, and electronic products, laser welding technology can be used to manufacture high-precision, high-performance glass components. Furthermore, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles and solar energy, laser welding technology will also play an important role in the manufacturing of solar panels, automotive window glass, and other products.

[0029] Currently, optical components made of glass are welded to mechanical components made of metal using Gaussian beam single-point welding technology. This welding technology is prone to problems such as large concentricity errors of optical components, stress warping / fracture, and insufficient welding quality.

[0030] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: First laser 1, used to generate a picosecond or femtosecond first laser; Beam splitting unit 4 is disposed on the output optical path of the first laser and is used to split the first laser into multiple first sub-lasers; Second laser 7, used to generate a second laser; The beam combining unit 10 is used to apply the multiple first sub-lasers and the second laser to the welding area. The multiple first sub-lasers act symmetrically on the welding area, and the second laser serves as a background light source for laser heating of the welding area.

[0031] The first laser 1 generates an ultrafast first laser, which can be a picosecond laser or a femtosecond laser. The wavelength and pulse width of the first laser can be determined based on the light absorption rate of different wavelengths and pulse widths of the materials to be welded. Wavelengths such as ultraviolet, green, and near-infrared can be selected. For example, a green femtosecond laser can be used to weld germanium and molybdenum-copper materials, while a green picosecond laser can be used to weld metallic copper and non-metallic sapphire.

[0032] Optionally, beam-splitting unit 4 employs diffractive optical elements (DOEs) to split the first laser beam. Optionally, the first laser beam can be divided into four beams, resulting in four first sub-lasers. Of course, the specific number of beams into which the first laser beam is divided can be determined according to the application scenario, as long as multiple first sub-lasers act symmetrically on the welding area so that the welding area has symmetrical stress points during welding. This application does not specify the specific number of first sub-lasers.

[0033] Optionally, the second laser 7 can be a multimode fiber laser. Because multimode fiber lasers generate light sources with multiple modes, compared to single-mode Gaussian beams, the superposition of multiple modes forms a near-flat-top beam, resulting in a more even energy distribution and relatively uniform irradiation of the component surface, making it more suitable as a background light source. Furthermore, the spot of the second laser can be various shapes such as square, circular, or triangular, and these different spot shapes can be achieved by adjusting the aperture shape of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, as a background light source, the second laser can preheat the processing area of ​​the first laser, thereby adjusting the temperature distribution gradient of the processing area, reducing cracking and edge chipping during the welding process, and improving the absorption rate of the first laser, thus increasing processing efficiency.

[0034] Optionally, the welding area can be a weld between a transparent medium and a metal, which is generally used for welding optical components.

[0035] Optionally, if the first laser and the second laser have the same wavelength, the beam combining unit 10 is a beam combining mirror; if the first laser and the second laser have different wavelengths, the beam combining unit 10 is a dichroic mirror, wherein the dichroic mirror has high transmission to the first laser and high reflection to the second laser.

[0036] The multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device provided in this application includes: a first laser 1 for generating a picosecond or femtosecond first laser; a beam splitting unit 4 disposed on the output optical path of the first laser for splitting the first laser into multiple first sub-lasers; a second laser 7 for generating a second laser; and a beam combining unit 10 for applying the multiple first sub-lasers and the second laser to a welding area, wherein the multiple first sub-lasers act symmetrically on the welding area, and the second laser serves as a background light source for laser heating of the welding area. The multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device provided in this application employs a strategy of synchronous welding with multiple first sub-lasers. This results in symmetrical stress points in the welding area of ​​the welded components during welding, solving problems such as optical component warping, component center shift, curvature deformation, and material breakage caused by stress concentration on one side during single-point welding. In addition, the second laser can be used as a background light source to preheat the area to be welded, reducing the temperature gradient between the welded and unwelded areas. This can reduce problems such as material breakage and stress damage caused by sudden local overheating and large temperature gradients during welding, thus improving welding quality. At the same time, it can also improve the absorption of laser energy used for welding.

[0037] Optionally, the device further includes: a first adjustment module, which is disposed between the first laser 1 and the beam splitting unit 4; The first adjustment module is used to adjust the spot size and energy of the first laser to obtain the first target laser; correspondingly, the beam splitting unit 4 is also used to split the first target laser into multiple beams to obtain the multiple first sub-lasers.

[0038] Optionally, the laser adjustment module includes: a vortex light adjustment unit 2 and a first energy adjustment unit 3, which are sequentially disposed on the output light path of the first laser 1; The vortex light adjustment unit 2 is used to adjust the first laser to radially polarized laser, and adjust the light spot of the radially polarized laser to the target light spot to obtain a light spot modulated laser. The target light spot is a circular light spot, a triangular light spot or a rectangular light spot with a hollow center.

[0039] The vortex light adjustment unit 2 can be a spatial light modulator, a binary diffraction element (DOE), a vortex waveplate, a spiral phase plate, or other similar devices. If the vortex light adjustment unit 2 is a spatial light modulator, the phase diagram can be flexibly adjusted according to the welding process to achieve target light spots of different shapes.

[0040] It should be noted that the vortex light adjustment unit 2 is used to generate radially polarized laser light. The light field distribution of the radially polarized laser can generate a target spot with a hollow center, depending on the different topological charges. For example, the target spot can be a circular spot, a triangular spot, or a rectangular spot with a hollow center. This application uses a circular spot with a hollow center as an example. Figure 2 The diagram shows the light field distribution of a circular light spot with a hollow center.

[0041] When collecting target light spots for welding, the hollow structure at the center of the target light spot provides channels for the release of molten material, spatter, and plasma, forming a vortex channel. This improves welding quality and significantly reduces post-weld phenomena such as internal bubbles, uneven welds, and severe material ablation. Furthermore, the radially polarized light possesses a radial polarization state, giving the ionization of the material directionality, such as... Figure 2 The arrows in the image all point outward from the target light spot. This special optical force effect of orbital angular momentum allows the liquid and gas formed during welding to be discharged to the surrounding area, resulting in high welding quality and strong connection.

[0042] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the composite light field distribution formed by the welding spot and the background spot. The welding spot is illustrated using the first sub-laser, a circular spot with a hollow center. The background spot is the spot of the second laser. The background light source preheats the area to be welded, reducing the temperature gradient between the welded and unwelded areas. This mitigates problems such as material breakage and stress damage caused by sudden, excessively high local temperatures during welding, leading to large temperature gradients and improved welding quality. Simultaneously, it enhances the absorption of laser energy used in welding.

[0043] Optionally, the first energy adjustment unit 3 is used to perform energy attenuation processing on the light spot modulated laser to obtain the first target laser.

[0044] The energy adjustment unit can attenuate the laser energy according to the actual welding requirements. The attenuation ratio can be flexibly adjusted from 10% to 100%. The energy adjustment unit uses an LCD screen, which can flexibly adjust the grayscale value displayed to achieve different energy attenuation.

[0045] Understandably, since the welding in this application requires a laser to act on a transparent medium to weld the area, the energy adjustment unit can attenuate the laser energy according to the actual welding requirements to prevent excessive laser energy from damaging the welding material. For example, in the interface welding of metallic copper and non-metallic sapphire, based on the damage threshold of the sapphire material, in order not to affect the internal physical properties of the sapphire material on the non-welding surface, a near-damage threshold processing method is required. Therefore, the energy attenuation ratio can be 50%.

[0046] Optionally, the device further includes a second adjustment module, which is disposed between the beam splitting unit 4 and the beam combining unit 10; The second adjustment module includes: a zoom collimating lens 5, a scanning galvanometer group 6, and a focusing component 9, which are sequentially arranged on the output optical path of the beam splitting unit 4; The variable magnification collimating lens 5 is used to collimate each of the first sub-lasers and to expand the beam of the first sub-lasers to the target diameter to obtain multiple collimated lasers.

[0047] The variable magnification collimating lens 5 collimates each of the first sub-lasers, making its beam parallel to the optical axis. Simultaneously, according to the requirements of the welding focusing spot, the beam of each first sub-laser is expanded to the target diameter, resulting in multiple collimated lasers. The expansion magnification is 0.5X~10X. The formula for calculating the beam diameter of the collimated laser after expansion is as follows: Where d represents the spot diameter, λ represents the laser wavelength, f represents the focal length of the focusing lens, and D represents the incident diameter of the spot.

[0048] Optionally, the scanning galvanometer group 6 includes at least one scanning galvanometer, the processable area of ​​the scanning galvanometer group 6 covers the welding area, and the scanning galvanometer includes a two-dimensional or three-dimensional scanning galvanometer; the scanning galvanometer group 6 is used to realize two-dimensional or three-dimensional laser scanning of the multiple collimated lasers to generate multiple scanning lasers.

[0049] Optionally, if the collimated laser beams are four, then there can be four scanning galvanometers. Furthermore, the processable area of ​​the scanning galvanometer group 6 formed by multiple scanning galvanometers needs to cover the welding area. Four scanning galvanometers, as shown... Figure 4 The arrangement shown, when combined, gives the scanning galvanometer assembly 6 a workable area of ​​[missing information]. Figure 4 As shown, its processable area is , where d is the scanning diameter of a single scanning galvanometer.

[0050] During welding, four scanning laser beams surround the area to be welded, simultaneously performing multi-point welding at points A, B, C, and D. A welding diagram is shown below. Figure 5 As shown in the diagram. A schematic diagram of a single-point welding method is shown in the diagram. Figure 6 As shown. This application employs multi-beam laser multi-point synchronous welding, solving problems such as optical element warping, element center shift, curvature deformation, and material fragmentation caused by single-point welding due to stress concentration on one side. Simultaneously, the scanning arc length (curvature) / line length of the four sets of galvanometers are equal, and the scanning speed is equal, ensuring that the stress on the optical element is symmetrical at any given moment during welding, preventing issues such as... Figure 6 The problem shown is that excessive stress concentration on one side leads to warping of the optical element and misalignment of the element center.

[0051] Furthermore, the multi-beam welding scanning trajectory formed by multiple scanning lasers or multiple first sub-lasers is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, each scanning trajectory can be combined to form a circular, square, triangular, or irregular scanning trajectory, ensuring a balanced distribution of welding stress points across multiple beams at the same time. This guarantees the flatness of the welded component and suppresses warping. Specifically, the control of the scanning trajectory can be achieved by controlling each scanning galvanometer; this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0052] Optionally, the focusing component 9 is used to focus each of the scanning lasers into a target-size spot and to position the focal plane of the target-size spot in the welding area.

[0053] The focusing component 9 uses a telecentric field lens to focus the scanning laser. The telecentric field lens has a focal length of 100 mm and a scanning area of ​​50 mm × 50 mm, which can meet the size requirements of the welding components. Furthermore, the telecentric field lens ensures that the scanning laser is always perpendicular to the interface of the welding area during full-area welding, and that the focal plane of the scanning laser is located in the target welding area.

[0054] Optionally, the device further includes a second energy adjustment unit 8, which is disposed in the output optical path of the second laser 7 and is used to perform energy attenuation processing on the second laser.

[0055] Similarly, since the welding in this application requires a laser to act on a transparent medium to weld the welding area, the second energy adjustment unit 8 can attenuate the second laser energy according to the actual welding requirements to prevent the second laser energy from being too high and causing damage to the welding material.

[0056] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0057] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-point vortex beam parallel welding device, characterized in that, The device includes: The first laser is used to generate the first picosecond or femtosecond laser. A beam splitting unit is disposed on the output optical path of the first laser to split the first laser into multiple first sub-lasers; A second laser is used to generate a second laser. A beam combining unit is used to apply the multiple first sub-lasers and the second laser to the welding area. The multiple first sub-lasers act symmetrically on the welding area, and the second laser serves as a background light source for laser heating of the welding area.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: a first adjustment module, wherein the first adjustment module is disposed between the first laser and the beam splitting unit; The first adjustment module is used to adjust the spot size and energy of the first laser to obtain the first target laser; The beam splitting unit is also used to split the first target laser into multiple beams to obtain the multiple first sub-lasers.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser adjustment module includes: a vortex light adjustment unit and a first energy adjustment unit sequentially disposed on the output optical path of the first laser; The vortex light adjustment unit is used to adjust the first laser to radially polarized laser, and adjust the spot of the radially polarized laser to the target spot to obtain a spot-modulated laser. The target spot is a circular spot, a triangular spot, or a rectangular spot with a hollow center.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first energy adjustment unit is used to perform energy attenuation processing on the light spot modulated laser to obtain the first target laser.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a second adjustment module, which is disposed between the beam splitting unit and the beam combining unit; The second adjustment module includes: a zoom collimating lens, a scanning galvanometer group, and a focusing component, which are sequentially arranged on the output optical path of the beam splitting unit; The variable magnification collimating lens is used to collimate each of the first sub-lasers and to expand the beam of the first sub-lasers to the target diameter to obtain multiple collimated lasers.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scanning galvanometer group includes at least one scanning galvanometer, the processable area of ​​the scanning galvanometer group covers the welding area, and the scanning galvanometer includes a two-dimensional or three-dimensional scanning galvanometer. The scanning galvanometer group is used to realize two-dimensional or three-dimensional laser scanning of the multiple collimated lasers and generate multiple scanning lasers.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The focusing component is used to focus each of the scanning lasers into a spot of the target size, and to position the focal plane of the spot of the target size in the welding area.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the wavelengths of the first laser and the second laser are the same, then the beam combining unit is a beam combining mirror; If the wavelengths of the first laser and the second laser are not the same, then the beam combining unit is a dichroic mirror, which has high transmission to the first laser and high reflection to the second laser.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a second energy adjustment unit, which is disposed in the output optical path of the second laser and is used to perform energy attenuation processing on the second laser.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second laser is a multimode fiber laser, used to preheat the processing area of ​​the first laser.

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