Method and system for estimating basalt carbon emission of diving system

Abstract

The invention discloses a diving system basalt carbon emission estimation method and system, and relates to the technical field of earth science and environmental scientificity, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining and processing basic geological data of basalt in a volcanic area of a target area, and obtaining field basalt eruption volume and basalt weathering degree information; carrying out field sampling and experiment to obtain experimental data; calculating the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma, and calculating the carbon emission of the activity of the basalt magma; calculating to obtain the basalt weathering carbon consumption rate; and constructing an evaluation model of the influence of the basalt carbon emission on the paleoclimate environment under the diving system, simulating to obtain a change relation of the regional air temperature along with the CO2 concentration after the magma activity, and determining the influence of the basalt magma carbon emission on the climatic change in combination with the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity. According to the method, accurate quantification of the basalt carbon emission can be realized, and the influence of the basalt carbon emission on the environment can be accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of earth science and environmental science, and in particular to a method and system for estimating carbon emissions from subducting basalt. Background Technology

[0002] Subduction zones, as crucial links in the transport of matter and energy between the Earth's interior and surface, are ideal regions for studying the interactions of Earth's multiple spheres and the carbon cycle. Basin formation, hydrocarbon resource accumulation, environmental evolution, and magmatic activity within subduction systems (including subduction zones) are all cutting-edge research topics in "habitable Earth" studies. Throughout Earth's evolutionary history, carbon dioxide (CO2) released by magmatic activity has been a significant mechanism driving environmental changes; for example, the massive Permian volcanic activity is considered one of the main causes of the mass extinction event at that time.

[0003] However, current research lacks precise constraints on the relationship between magmatic carbon release and environmental change. The Quaternary period, a crucial stage in human emergence and evolution, saw climate change closely linked to human survival and development. Therefore, accurately estimating the CO2 content released by volcanic activity throughout geological history has become a core scientific question in studying the impact of basaltic magmatic activity on climate change. However, existing technologies lack a complete scheme capable of simultaneously achieving precise quantification of basaltic carbon emissions and quantitative assessment of environmental impacts. This hinders the clear revelation of the intrinsic link between magmatic carbon release and paleoclimate evolution, thus restricting research progress in related fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for estimating the carbon emissions of basalt in a subduction system, which can accurately quantify the carbon emissions of basalt and accurately assess the environmental impact of basalt carbon emissions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for estimating the carbon emissions of basalt in a subduction system, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0007] The basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic area are obtained and processed to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of basalt in the field. The basic geological data includes: the distribution range of basalt, the thickness of volcanic rock layers, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before the basalt magma eruption, runoff and annual average temperature.

[0008] Field sampling was conducted on basalt from the volcanic region of the target area, and experiments were performed on the collected basalt samples to obtain experimental data. The experiments included: microscopic observation and photography, major and trace element analysis, olivine mineral selection, target preparation, Raman spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, SIMS, and LA-ICP-MS. The experimental data included: basalt density, bubble volume in melt inclusions, matrix volume of melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in bubbles in melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in the matrix of melt inclusions, major element characteristics of olivine, and the content of trace element E1 in melt inclusions.

[0009] The CO2 concentration in the basalt magma was calculated based on the experimental data, and the carbon emissions from the basalt magma activity were calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0010] Based on the aforementioned basic geological data, the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering was calculated.

[0011] An evaluation model was constructed to assess the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under a subduction system. The atmospheric CO2 concentration before the magma eruption, the carbon emissions from the basalt magma activity, and the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering were input into the evaluation model. Simultaneously, paleosolar intensity, paleorbital parameters, paleogeographic environment, and paleoland surface conditions were also input to simulate the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity.

[0012] Based on the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after the magmatic activity and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magmatic activity, the impact of basaltic magma carbon emissions on climate change is determined.

[0013] Optionally, basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic area can be obtained and processed to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0014] Obtain basic geological data of basalt in the volcanic region of the target area.

[0015] The distribution area of ​​basalt was estimated using satellite remote sensing technology.

[0016] The eruption volume of the basalt in the field is calculated based on the distribution area of ​​the basalt and the thickness of the volcanic rock layer in the basic geological data.

[0017] The weathering profile of basalt was measured and sampled to obtain information on the degree of weathering of basalt.

[0018] Optionally, the eruption volume of basalt in the field can be calculated using the following formula.

[0019] V magma=S×H; Among them, V magma S represents the eruption volume of basalt in the field, S represents the distribution area of ​​basalt, and H represents the thickness of the volcanic rock layer.

[0020] Optionally, the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma is calculated based on the experimental data, and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magma activity are calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0021] Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma was calculated using either a calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing or a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression.

[0022] The carbon emissions from basaltic magma activity were calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0023] Optionally, the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma is calculated based on the experimental data, and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magma activity are calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0024] Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma was calculated using a calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing, and a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression.

[0025] The CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma calculated by the Raman spectroscopy and SIMS test method and the LA-ICP-MS test and linear regression method are compared, summarized, and concluded to determine the final CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma; the comparison, summarization, and conclusion include, but are not limited to, taking the average value.

[0026] The carbon emissions from basaltic magma activity were calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the final basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing includes the following steps.

[0028] Based on the experimental data, the mass of the melt inclusions was calculated using the following formula.

[0029] M MI =W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass +Vglass ×ρ; Among them, M MI W(CO2) represents the mass of the melt inclusions. bubble V represents the CO2 concentration in melt inclusion bubbles measured by Raman spectroscopy. bubble W(CO2) represents the volume of bubbles in the melt inclusions. glass V represents the CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion matrix as measured by SIMS testing. glass ρ represents the volume of the melt inclusion matrix, and ρ represents the density of basalt.

[0030] Based on the experimental data and the mass of the melt inclusions, the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma was calculated using the following formula.

[0031] W(CO2) magma ={W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass} / MMI·100; Among them, W(CO2) magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0032] Optionally, the calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression includes the following steps.

[0033] Based on the experimental data, basalt samples that were not degassed and were not vapor-saturated were selected. The distribution of CO2 / El ratio in melt inclusions in the basalt samples was statistically analyzed using linear regression. The standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 corresponding to different mantles was determined with CO2 concentration as the ordinate and trace element El content as the abscissa.

[0034] Based on the standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 and trace element El content corresponding to different mantles, the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma is calculated using the following formula.

[0035] (CO2 / El)0 = W(CO2) magma / El （Ba、Rb、Nb） ; Where (CO2 / El)0 represents the standard ratio corresponding to different mantle values, and W(CO2) magma El represents the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma. （Ba、Rb、Nb） This indicates the content of trace element El, which includes: Ba (barium), Rb (rubidium), and Nb (niobium).

[0036] Optionally, the carbon emissions from basaltic magmatic activity can be calculated using the following formula.

[0037] M(CO2) magma =V magma ×W(CO2) magma ; Wherein, M(CO2) magma V represents the carbon emissions from basaltic magmatic activity. magma W(CO2) represents the eruption volume of basalt in the field. magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0038] Optionally, the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering can be calculated using the following formula.

[0039] =S×R F ×323.44exp(0.0642T); in, R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering, S represents the basalt distribution area, and R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering. F T represents runoff, and T represents the annual average temperature.

[0040] Secondly, this application provides a system for estimating the carbon emissions of subducting system basalts. The system is used to implement the method for estimating the carbon emissions of subducting system basalts described in the first aspect. The system includes the following functional modules.

[0041] The data acquisition module is used to acquire basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic area and experimental data from field samples. The basic geological data includes: the distribution range of basalt, the thickness of volcanic rock layers, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before magma eruption, runoff, and annual average temperature. The experimental data includes: basalt density, bubble volume in melt inclusions, matrix volume of melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in bubbles in melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in the matrix of melt inclusions, major element characteristics of olivine, and the content of trace element E1 in melt inclusions.

[0042] The data processing module is used to process the basic geological data to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of the basalt in the field.

[0043] The calculation module is used to calculate the CO2 concentration in basalt magma based on the experimental data, and to calculate the carbon emissions of basalt magma activity based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field; and to calculate the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering based on the basic geological data.

[0044] The model building and simulation module is used to construct an evaluation model of the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under the subduction system. The atmospheric CO2 concentration before the magma eruption, the carbon emissions of the basalt magma activity, and the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering are input into the evaluation model. At the same time, paleosolar intensity, paleoorbital parameters, paleogeographic environment, and paleoland surface conditions are input to simulate the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity.

[0045] The analysis module is used to determine the impact of basaltic magma carbon emissions on climate change based on the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magmatic activity.

[0046] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects.

[0047] This application provides a method and system for estimating carbon emissions from subducting basalt systems. Firstly, the data acquisition and processing in this application are comprehensive and accurate. By collecting basic geological data such as the distribution range of basalt and the thickness of volcanic rock layers in the target area, and combining this with scientific processing methods, information on eruption volume and weathering degree is obtained. This provides reliable basic data support for subsequent carbon emission calculations and environmental impact analysis, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent calculation and analysis results. Secondly, this application employs a variety of experimental testing methods, including microscopic observation and photography, Raman spectroscopy, SIMS testing, and LA-ICP-MS testing. These methods comprehensively acquire key experimental data such as basalt density, CO2 concentration in melt inclusions, and trace element content, providing sufficient data for accurately calculating the CO2 concentration in basalt magma, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon emission calculations. Furthermore, the carbon emission calculation logic in this application is rigorous. It first calculates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma based on multi-dimensional experimental data, and then combines this with previously obtained field data on basaltic eruption volume to calculate carbon emissions. This achieves quantitative accounting of carbon emissions and solves the problem that traditional methods struggle to accurately estimate carbon emissions from subducting basalt systems. Moreover, this application fully considers the impact of basaltic weathering on the carbon cycle, calculating the carbon consumption rate of basaltic weathering using basic geological data. This fills the research gap that focuses solely on magma carbon release while neglecting carbon absorption, making the analysis of carbon balance more complete and providing more comprehensive carbon-related data for subsequent environmental impact assessments. Furthermore, this application constructs an evaluation model for the impact of basaltic carbon emissions under subduction systems on the paleoclimate environment. This evaluation model is more targeted, specifically adapted to the analysis of the impact of basaltic carbon emissions under subduction systems on the paleoclimate environment. The input parameters cover multiple key paleoclimate-related parameters, such as paleosol intensity and paleoorbital parameters, thus enabling precise simulation of the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity. This provides strong support for clearly understanding the correlation between temperature and CO2 concentration. Finally, this application clarifies the specific impact of basaltic magmatic carbon emissions on climate change. By using the simulation process based on the evaluation model to obtain the relationship between temperature and CO2 concentration and the calculated carbon emissions, an effective correlation between carbon emissions and climate impact can be achieved. This not only achieves accurate quantification of basaltic carbon emissions but also accurately assesses their environmental impact. It provides a scientific and feasible analytical method for studying the intrinsic link between basaltic magmatic activity and climate change in geological history, contributing to a deeper understanding of the relationship between carbon cycling and paleoclimate evolution in subduction systems. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating carbon emissions from basalt in a subduction system, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the average climate at 4 times the CO2 concentration provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the average climate under a CO2 concentration of 12 times (with water circulation adjustment) provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a system for estimating carbon emissions from basalt in a subduction system, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] The release of carbon from deep magmatic activity during geological history has had a significant impact on climate and the environment. Quaternary climate change is closely related to human activities, and estimating the CO2 content released by volcanic activity throughout geological history is an important scientific question. Existing methods for estimating carbon emissions mainly include petrological methods and isotopic methods. Isotopic methods utilize Sr (strontium)-Nd (neodymium)-Pb (lead) isotope data, combined with models, for quantitative estimation, but their accuracy and reliability are not necessarily comparable to petrological methods. Petrological methods utilize melt inclusion methods, but these are somewhat simplistic, have lower accuracy, and lack discussion of carbon absorption during the later weathering processes of basalts. This is crucial for discussing climate and environmental changes in basalts over specific geological periods.

[0055] The technical objective of this application is to provide a method and system for estimating carbon emissions from basalt in subduction systems. This method and system can be applied to scenarios involving carbon emission estimation and assessment of the impact of carbon emissions on climate. It is used to accurately calculate the carbon emissions released by basaltic magmatic activity in subduction systems during geological history and to assess their impact on paleoclimate.

[0056] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a method for estimating the carbon emissions of basalt in a subduction system. The method for estimating the carbon emissions of basalt in a subduction system specifically includes the following steps.

[0058] S1: Obtain and process the basic geological data of basalt in the volcanic area of ​​the target region to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of basalt in the field.

[0059] S2: Conduct on-site sampling of basalt in the volcanic area of ​​the target region, and perform experiments on the collected basalt samples to obtain experimental data.

[0060] S3: Calculate the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma based on the experimental data, and calculate the carbon emissions from the basalt magma activity based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0061] S4: Based on the aforementioned basic geological data, the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering is calculated.

[0062] S5: Construct an evaluation model for the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under the subduction system. Input the atmospheric CO2 concentration before the magma eruption, the carbon emissions from the basalt magma activity, and the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering into the evaluation model for the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under the subduction system. Simultaneously input paleosol intensity, paleorbit parameters, paleogeographic environment, and paleoland surface conditions parameters to simulate the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity.

[0063] S6: Based on the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after the magmatic activity and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magmatic activity, determine the impact of basaltic magmatic carbon emissions on climate change, and obtain the assessment results of the impact of basaltic carbon emissions on climate.

[0064] As an optional implementation method, the basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic area obtained in step S1 includes: the distribution range of basalt, the thickness of volcanic rock layers, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before magma eruption, runoff, and annual average temperature.

[0065] As an optional implementation method, step S1 involves acquiring and processing the basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic area to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of the basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0066] S11: Obtain basic geological data of basalt in the volcanic area of ​​the target region.

[0067] S12: The distribution area of ​​basalt is estimated using satellite remote sensing technology to obtain the distribution area of ​​basalt.

[0068] S13: Calculate the eruption volume of the basalt in the field based on the basalt distribution area and the volcanic rock layer thickness in the basic geological data.

[0069] As an alternative implementation method, the eruption volume of basalt in the field is calculated using the following formula.

[0070] V magma =S×H; Among them, V magma S represents the eruption volume of basalt in the field, S represents the distribution area of ​​basalt, and H represents the thickness of the volcanic rock layer.

[0071] S14: Measure and sample the weathering profile of basalt to obtain information on the degree of basalt weathering.

[0072] As an optional implementation, the experiments in step S2 include: microscopic observation and photography, major and trace element analysis, olivine mineral selection, target preparation, Raman spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry), and LA-ICP-MS (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Experimental data include: basalt density, bubble volume in melt inclusions, matrix volume of melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in melt inclusion bubbles, CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion matrix, major element characteristics of olivine, and trace element E1 content in melt inclusions.

[0073] As an optional implementation, step S3 calculates the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma based on the experimental data, and calculates the carbon emissions of the basalt magma activity based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0074] S31: Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma is calculated using either a calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing or a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression.

[0075] S32: The carbon emissions from basaltic magma activity are calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0076] As another optional implementation, step S3 calculates the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma based on the experimental data, and calculates the carbon emissions of the basalt magma activity based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field, specifically including the following steps.

[0077] S31: Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in basalt magma was calculated using a calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing, and a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression.

[0078] S32: Compare, summarize, and conclude the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma calculated by the calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing and the calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression to determine the final CO2 concentration in the basalt magma; the comparison, summarization, and conclusion include, but are not limited to, taking the average value.

[0079] S33: The carbon emissions from basaltic magma activity are calculated based on the CO2 concentration in the final basaltic magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field.

[0080] As an optional implementation, the calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing includes the following steps.

[0081] (1) Based on the experimental data, the mass of the melt inclusions is calculated using the following formula.

[0082] M MI =W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass +V glass ×ρ; Among them, M MI W(CO2) represents the mass of the melt inclusions. bubble V represents the CO2 concentration in melt inclusion bubbles measured by Raman spectroscopy. bubble W(CO2) represents the volume of bubbles in the melt inclusions. glass V represents the CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion matrix as measured by SIMS testing. glass ρ represents the volume of the melt inclusion matrix, and ρ represents the density of basalt.

[0083] (2) Based on the experimental data and the mass of the melt inclusions, the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma is calculated using the following formula.

[0084] W(CO2) magma={W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass} / MMI·100; Among them, W(CO2) magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0085] As an optional implementation, the calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression includes the following steps.

[0086] (1) Based on the experimental data, basalt samples that were not degassed and were not vapor-saturated were selected, and the distribution of CO2 / El ratio of melt inclusions in the basalt samples was statistically analyzed by linear regression. The standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 corresponding to different mantles was determined with CO2 concentration as the vertical axis and trace element El content as the horizontal axis.

[0087] (2) Based on the standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 and trace element El content corresponding to the different mantles, the CO2 concentration in basalt magma is calculated using the following formula.

[0088] (CO2 / El)0 = W(CO2) magma / El （Ba、Rb、Nb） ; Where (CO2 / El)0 represents the standard ratio corresponding to different mantle values, and W(CO2) magma El represents the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma. （Ba、Rb、Nb） This indicates the content of trace element E1, which includes trace elements such as Ba, Rb, and Nb.

[0089] As an optional implementation, step S3 uses the following formula to calculate the carbon emissions from basaltic magmatic activity.

[0090] M(CO2) magma =V magma ×W(CO2) magma ; Wherein, M(CO2) magma V represents the carbon emissions from basaltic magmatic activity. magma W(CO2) represents the eruption volume of basalt in the field. magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0091] As an optional implementation, step S4 uses the following formula to calculate the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering.

[0092] =S×R F×323.44exp(0.0642T); in, R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering, S represents the basalt distribution area, and R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering. F T represents runoff, and T represents the annual average temperature.

[0093] To make the technical solution of this application clearer, the specific implementation process of the technical solution of this application will be explained in detail below with examples, mainly including the following implementation steps.

[0094] Step 1: Obtain and process the basic geological data of basalt in the volcanic area of ​​the target study area to obtain the eruption volume V of the basalt in the field. magma Information on the weathering degree of basalt.

[0095] In this embodiment, basic geological data of basalt in the volcanic region of the target study area are obtained. In particular, it is necessary to combine regional geological records, geophysical and geochemical data to have a full understanding of the distribution range of basalt in the target area, the thickness H of volcanic rock layers, the genesis of basalt, and geochemical characteristics, and to obtain the atmospheric CO2 concentration before magma eruption in geological history. Runoff information R F And the average annual temperature T. During field investigations, satellite remote sensing technology was used to estimate the basalt distribution area S. From the above work, the eruption volume V of the basalt in the field can be obtained. magma =S×H. Then, the weathering profile of the basalt was measured and sampled to obtain information on the degree of basalt weathering.

[0096] Step 2: Conduct on-site sampling of basalt in the target area and complete relevant experiments to obtain relevant experimental data.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first step is to gain a macroscopic understanding of the regional basalt characteristics, while the second step is to conduct on-site sampling to obtain more refined experimental data. Steps one and two represent a progressive, step-by-step process from basic to advanced.

[0098] This embodiment involves field sampling of basalt from the target area and the completion of related experiments. The sampled basalt samples underwent microscopic observation and photography, major and trace element analysis, olivine mineral selection, target preparation, Raman spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, SIMS testing, and LA-ICP-MS testing, as detailed below.

[0099] (1) Select basalt samples collected from each location, cut small pieces of the samples and measure the density ρ of the basalt.

[0100] (2) During microscopic observation, after measuring the size of the melt inclusions and bubbles in the photograph, the volume of each bubble and melt inclusion was calculated using the open-source program ImageJ, and denoted as V. bubble V glass .

[0101] (3) Major and trace test data of rocks can obtain the basic geochemical characteristics of rocks, classify rocks, clarify the origin information of rocks and whether they have been contaminated by other pollutants, and facilitate the next step of the experiment.

[0102] (4) Use a laser Raman spectrometer to test the CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion bubbles, i.e., the CO2 concentration W(CO2) in the melt inclusion bubbles. bubble .

[0103] (5) The major element characteristics of olivine were determined by electron probe microanalysis.

[0104] (6) SIMS test the CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion matrix, i.e., the CO2 concentration W(CO2) in the melt inclusion matrix. glass .

[0105] (7) The content of some trace elements in the melt inclusions was determined by LA-ICP-MS, and the content of elements such as Ba, Rb, and Nb was recorded as El. （Ba、Rb、Nb） .

[0106] Step 3: The CO2 content in the magma during basaltic magmatic activity was precisely constrained using two calculation methods (i.e., a method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing, and a method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression), and the W(CO2) calculated by both methods was compared. magma By comparing, summarizing, and drawing conclusions, and combining this with the eruption volume V of the basalt in the field from step one, magma The carbon emissions M(CO2) from basaltic magmatic activity can be reasonably derived. magma .

[0107] In this embodiment, based on the results obtained in step two, the first calculation method, namely the calculation method based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing, is used. First, the CO2 concentration W(CO2) is measured using Raman spectroscopy. bubble And the CO2 concentration W(CO2) in the melt inclusion matrix was measured using SIMS. glass The concentration, the melt inclusion mass M, is calculated using the following parameters. MI The following formula can be used to estimate the CO2 content W(CO2) in magma during geological periods of magmatic activity. magma .

[0108] MMI =W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass +V glass ×ρ; W(CO2) magma ={W(CO2) bubble ×V bubble +W(CO2) glass ×V glass} / MMI·100; Among them, M MI W(CO2) represents the mass of the melt inclusions. bubble V represents the CO2 concentration in melt inclusion bubbles measured by Raman spectroscopy. bubble W(CO2) represents the volume of bubbles in the melt inclusions. glass V represents the CO2 concentration in the melt inclusion matrix as measured by SIMS testing. glass W(CO2) represents the volume of the melt inclusion matrix, ρ represents the density of basalt. magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0109] In this embodiment, the second calculation method, namely the calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression, is used. First, the content of trace elements in the melt inclusions is measured using the LA-ICP-MS testing mentioned in step two. Some trace elements, such as E1 (e.g., Ba, Rb, Nb), exhibit similar incompatibility with CO2. Therefore, the CO2 / E1 ratio of the undegassed and vapor-unsaturated sample is considered a constant. Then, the linear regression method is used to statistically analyze the distribution of CO2 / E1 ratios in most undegassed melt inclusions. With CO2 concentration as the ordinate and the content of E1 (e.g., Ba, Rb, Nb) as the abscissa, the CO2 / E1 ratios under different mantle layers are statistically analyzed and used as the standard value (CO2 / E1)0. Based on geological data and previous work, an appropriate (CO2 / E1)0 value is selected according to the mantle origin of the basalt to calculate the CO2 content in the initial magma. The specific method is as follows.

[0110] (CO2 / El)0 = W(CO2) magma / El （Ba、Rb、Nb） ; Where (CO2 / El)0 represents the standard ratio corresponding to different mantle values, and W(CO2) magma El represents the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma. （Ba、Rb、Nb） This indicates the content of trace elements E1, specifically the actual measured content of Ba, Rb, Nb, and other elements in the sample. Trace elements E1 include Ba, Rb, and Nb.

[0111] In this embodiment, W(CO2) is calculated using both methods. magma By comparing, summarizing, and drawing conclusions, and combining this with the eruption volume V of the basalt in the field from step one, magma The carbon emissions M(CO2) from basaltic magmatic activity in the study area can be reasonably derived. magma The calculation formula is as follows.

[0112] M(CO2) magma =V magma ×W(CO2) magma ; Wherein, M(CO2) magma V represents the carbon emissions from basaltic magmatic activity. magma W(CO2) represents the eruption volume of basalt in the field. magma This indicates the CO2 concentration in basaltic magma.

[0113] This application employs two independent calculation methods: one based on Raman spectroscopy and SIMS testing, and the other based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression. The former is based on the calculation principle of inclusion composition, while the latter is based on the calculation principle of trace element ratios. These methods constrain the CO2 content in basaltic magma, significantly improving the accuracy of carbon emission calculation and solving the problem of large carbon emission estimation errors in existing technologies.

[0114] Step 4: Assessment of carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering.

[0115] In this embodiment, step four is the calculation step required for simulating carbon flux changes later. Step three is the CO2 released by magma, while step four is the CO2 absorbed by magma under weathering after cooling. The evaluation model of the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under the subduction system constructed in step five requires the use of these two data for simulation.

[0116] This embodiment takes into account that the weathering of some basalts can react with and absorb atmospheric CO2, which is of great significance for assessing the impact of magma produced by volcanic activity on atmospheric CO2. The chemical equations for the reaction between silicate rocks and the atmosphere are as follows.

[0117] Carbon consumption rate in basalt weathering The specific estimation method is as follows.

[0118] =S×R F ×323.44exp(0.0642T); in, R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering, i.e., the CO2 consumption rate of basalt under weathering (mol / year), S represents the distribution area of ​​basalt, and R represents the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering. F The value represents runoff (mm / year), and T represents the annual average temperature (°C).

[0119] Step 5: Based on the CCSM3.0 (The Community Climate System Model 3.0) platform, establish an evaluation model for the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under subduction systems (i.e., the CCSM3.0 Earth System Model), combined with the carbon emissions M(CO2) from basaltic magmatic activity obtained in Step 3. magma And the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering obtained in step four. .

[0120] This embodiment uses the CCSM3.0 Earth System Model to conduct a climate sensitivity analysis under changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. The model mainly consists of four parts: atmosphere, land, ocean, and sea ice, connected by a central coupler (CPL6). In this model, based on the geological history of magmatic activity and combined with geological history data, appropriate simulation conditions are selected, including basic parameters such as paleosolar intensity, paleoorbital parameters, paleogeographic environment, and paleoland surface conditions. The CO2 concentration obtained in step one before the magma eruption is input as the model input. And the carbon emissions M(CO2) from the magma eruption in step three. magma and the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering obtained in step four. We await key data. Then we wait for the final simulation results, focusing on the changes in regional environmental factors such as temperature with CO2 following magmatic activity.

[0121] This application establishes an evaluation model based on the CCSM3.0 Earth system model to assess the impact of basaltic carbon emissions on paleoclimate environment under subduction systems. It can intuitively simulate the correlation between carbon emissions and paleoclimate parameters (such as temperature), providing a reliable tool for revealing the intrinsic mechanism of magmatic carbon release and paleoclimate evolution, and promoting the development of research on the relationship between carbon cycle and climate environment in subduction systems.

[0122] In this embodiment, the simulation results of the CCSM3.0 Earth System Model are in the form of: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The monthly variation characteristics of climate elements (precipitation and temperature) under different CO2 concentration scenarios are shown. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the average climate under four times the CO2 concentration. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the average climate under 12 times the CO2 concentration (adjusted by the water cycle). It can be seen that, regarding precipitation (Figure 2 and Figure 3 The blue columnar portion), at 4 times the CO2 concentration ( Figure 2 When CO2 concentration increases to 12 times ( ), the monthly distribution of precipitation exhibits a certain pattern, with some months receiving more precipitation and others relatively less, but the overall variation is relatively limited. Figure 3 At high CO2 concentrations, the monthly variation in precipitation is more pronounced, especially in certain months (such as summer months), where precipitation increases significantly, demonstrating that the intensity and distribution of precipitation change with increasing CO2 concentration. Regarding temperature ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 The red broken line section), 4 times the CO2 concentration ( Figure 2 At this temperature, the temperature exhibits seasonal variations with each month, showing a clear alternation between warm and cold seasons, but the overall temperature level is relatively low. (12 times CO2 concentration) Figure 3 During this period, temperatures rose significantly and remained at high levels for most months, demonstrating the warming effect of increased CO2 concentration. This warming was evident in different months, affecting temperature conditions throughout the season. This reflects the significant impact of increased CO2 concentration on climate, including changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation and temperature rise, resulting in varying degrees of climate response.

[0123] Step Six: Based on the basalt carbon emissions M(CO2) from Step Three. magma In addition to the simulation results of the CCSM3.0 Earth System Model in step five, combined with geological history data, the impact of basalt carbon release on climate change is summarized, and the assessment results of the impact of basalt carbon emissions on climate are obtained.

[0124] Step six in this embodiment is the step of outputting the results of step five. The final result is an assessment of the impact of basalt carbon emissions on climate. This assessment result characterizes the impact of basalt carbon release on climate change and can be output. Figure 2 and Figure 3 This provides a clear visual understanding of the impact of basalt carbon release on climate change.

[0125] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a system for estimating the carbon emissions of subducting system basalts to implement the aforementioned method for estimating carbon emissions from subducting system basalts. The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above-described method. Therefore, the specific limitations in the embodiments of the system for estimating carbon emissions from subducting system basalts provided below can be found in the limitations of the method for estimating carbon emissions from subducting system basalts described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, a system for estimating carbon emissions from basalt in a subduction system is provided, which includes the following functional modules.

[0127] The data acquisition module is used to acquire basic geological data of basalt in the target volcanic region and experimental data from field samples. The basic geological data includes: the distribution range of basalt, the thickness of volcanic rock layers, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before magma eruption, runoff, and annual average temperature. The experimental data includes: basalt density, bubble volume in melt inclusions, matrix volume of melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in bubbles within melt inclusions, CO2 concentration in the matrix of melt inclusions, major element characteristics of olivine, and the content of trace element E1 in melt inclusions.

[0128] The data processing module is used to process the basic geological data to obtain information on the eruption volume and weathering degree of the basalt in the field.

[0129] The calculation module is used to calculate the CO2 concentration in basalt magma based on the experimental data, and to calculate the carbon emissions of basalt magma activity based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the basalt in the field; and to calculate the carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering based on the basic geological data.

[0130] The model building and simulation module is used to construct an evaluation model of the impact of basalt carbon emissions on the paleoclimate environment under the subduction system. The atmospheric CO2 concentration before the magma eruption, the carbon emissions of the basalt magma activity, and the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering are input into the evaluation model. At the same time, paleosolar intensity, paleoorbital parameters, paleogeographic environment, and paleoland surface conditions are input to simulate the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity.

[0131] The analysis module is used to determine the impact of basaltic magma carbon emissions on climate change based on the relationship between regional temperature and CO2 concentration after magmatic activity and the carbon emissions from the basaltic magmatic activity.

[0132] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0133] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method of estimating carbon emissions from a subduction system basalt, characterized by, The method for estimating the carbon emission of the subduction system basalt comprises: Obtaining and processing the basic geological data of the basalt in the volcanic region of the target area to obtain the eruption volume and weathering degree information of the field basalt; the basic geological data comprises: the distribution range of the basalt, the thickness of the volcanic rock layer, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before the eruption of the basalt magma, the runoff and the annual average temperature; Sampling the basalt in the volcanic region of the target area in the field and performing experiments on the collected basalt samples to obtain experimental data; the experiments comprise: microscopic observation and photography, major and trace element analysis, olivine mineral selection, target preparation, Raman spectrum testing, electron probe testing, SIMS testing and LA-ICP-MS testing; the experimental data comprises: the density of the basalt, the bubble volume in the melt inclusions, the matrix volume of the melt inclusions, the CO2 concentration in the bubbles of the melt inclusions, the CO2 concentration in the matrix of the melt inclusions, the major element characteristics of the olivine and the trace element El content in the melt inclusions; Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated, and based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated; Based on the basic geological data, the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering is calculated; An evaluation model for the influence of the carbon emission of the basalt under the subduction system on the paleoclimate environment is constructed, the atmospheric CO2 concentration before the eruption of the basalt magma, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity and the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering are input into the evaluation model, and the paleosol intensity, paleo-orbital parameters, paleo-geographical environment and paleo-land surface condition parameters are input into the evaluation model at the same time, so that the relationship between the regional temperature after the magma activity and the CO2 concentration is simulated; Based on the relationship between the regional temperature after the magma activity and the CO2 concentration and the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity, the influence of the carbon emission of the basalt magma on the climate change is determined.

2. The method of estimating basalt carbon emissions from subduction according to claim 1, wherein, Obtaining and processing the basic geological data of the basalt in the volcanic region of the target area to obtain the eruption volume and weathering degree information of the field basalt, specifically comprising: Obtaining the basic geological data of the basalt in the volcanic region of the target area; Using satellite remote sensing technology to estimate the distribution area of the basalt to obtain the distribution area of the basalt; Based on the distribution area of the basalt and the thickness of the volcanic rock layer in the basic geological data, the eruption volume of the field basalt is calculated; Measuring and sampling the basalt weathering profile to obtain the weathering degree information of the basalt.

3. The method of estimating basalt carbon emissions from subduction according to claim 2, wherein, The eruption volume of the field basalt is calculated by the following formula: V magma = S x H; where V magma represents the volume of the basalt eruption in the field, S represents the distribution area of the basalt, and H represents the thickness of the volcanic rock layer.

4. The method of estimating basalt carbon emissions from subduction according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated, and based on the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated, specifically comprising: Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated by using a calculation method based on Raman spectrum and SIMS testing or a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS testing and linear regression; According to the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated.

5. The method of estimating basalt carbon emissions from subduction according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated, and according to the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated, specifically comprising: Based on the experimental data, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated by using a calculation method based on Raman spectrum and SIMS test and a calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS test and linear regression; The CO2 concentrations in the basalt magma calculated by the calculation method based on Raman spectrum and SIMS test and the calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS test and linear regression are compared, summarized and concluded to determine the final CO2 concentration in the basalt magma; the comparison, summary and conclusion include but are not limited to taking the average value; According to the final CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated.

6. The method of estimating the carbon emissions of a subduction system basalt according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The calculation method based on Raman spectrum and SIMS test comprises: According to the experimental data, the melt inclusion mass is calculated by using the following formula: M MI = W(CO2) bubble x V bubble + W(CO2) glass x V glass + V glass x p; where M MI represents the melt inclusion mass, W(CO2) bubble represents the CO2 concentration in the bubble of the melt inclusion measured based on Raman spectroscopy, V bubble represents the bubble volume in the melt inclusion, W(CO2) glass represents the CO2 concentration in the matrix of the melt inclusion measured based on SIMS test, V glass represents the matrix volume of the melt inclusion, p represents the density of the basalt; According to the experimental data and the melt inclusion mass, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated by using the following formula: W(CO2) magma = {W(CO2) bubble × V bubble + W(CO2) glass × V glass} / MMI · 100; where W(CO2) magma represents the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma.

7. The method of estimating the carbon emissions of a subduction system basalt according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The calculation method based on LA-ICP-MS test and linear regression comprises: Based on the experimental data, the basalt samples which are not degassed and not saturated with vapor are selected, the CO2 / El ratio distribution of the melt inclusions in the basalt samples is counted by using linear regression method, and the standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 corresponding to different mantle is determined by taking the CO2 concentration as the vertical coordinate and the trace element El content as the horizontal coordinate; According to the standard ratio (CO2 / El)0 corresponding to different mantle and the trace element El content, the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma is calculated by using the following formula: (CO2 / El)0=W(CO2) magma / El （Ba、Rb、Nb） ; wherein (CO2 / El)0 represents a standard ratio corresponding to different mantle, W(CO2) magma represents the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma, El （Ba、Rb、Nb） represents the content of trace element El, and the trace element El includes Ba, Rb and Nb.

8. The method of estimating basalt carbon emissions from subduction according to claim 1, wherein, The carbon emission of the basalt magma activity is calculated by using the following formula: M(CO2) magma =V magma ×W(CO2) magma ; where M(CO2) magma represents the carbon emission amount of the basaltic magmatic activity, V magma represents the eruption volume of the field basalt, W(CO2) magma represents the CO2 concentration in the basaltic magma.

9. The method of estimating carbon emissions from a subduction system basalt according to claim 1, wherein, The carbon consumption rate of basalt weathering is calculated by using the following formula: = S x R F x 323.44 exp(0.0642T); wherein, S represents the distribution area of basalt, R F S represents the distribution area of basalt, R 10. A system for estimating carbon emissions from a subduction system, characterized by, The subduction system basalt carbon emission estimation system is used to realize the subduction system basalt carbon emission estimation method of any one of claims 1-9, and the subduction system basalt carbon emission estimation system comprises: A data acquisition module is configured to acquire basic geological data of basalt in a target area and experimental data of field sampling samples; the basic geological data includes distribution range of basalt, thickness of volcanic rock layer, atmospheric CO2 concentration before magma eruption, runoff and annual average temperature; and the experimental data includes density of basalt, bubble volume in melt inclusion, matrix volume of melt inclusion, CO2 concentration in bubbles of melt inclusion, CO2 concentration in matrix of melt inclusion, major element characteristics of olivine and trace element El content in melt inclusion. A data processing module is configured to process the basic geological data to obtain eruption volume of field basalt and weathering degree information of basalt. a calculation module, configured to calculate the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma based on the experimental data, and calculate the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity according to the CO2 concentration in the basalt magma and the eruption volume of the field basalt, and calculate the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering according to the basic geological data; a model construction and simulation module, configured to construct an evaluation model of the influence of the carbon emission of the basalt under the subduction system on the paleoclimate environment, input the atmospheric CO2 concentration before the magma eruption, the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity and the carbon consumption rate of the basalt weathering into the evaluation model, and input the paleoinsolation intensity, the paleo-orbital parameters, the paleo-geographical environment and the paleo-land surface condition parameters, and simulate the change relationship between the regional air temperature after the magma activity and the CO2 concentration. an analysis module, configured to determine the influence of the carbon emission of the basalt magma on the climate change according to the change relationship between the regional air temperature after the magma activity and the CO2 concentration and the carbon emission of the basalt magma activity.

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