Power grid new energy consumption carbon emission reduction contribution accounting method and system based on Shapley value method

Abstract

The invention relates to a power grid new energy consumption carbon emission reduction contribution accounting method and system based on a Shapley value method, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a main object of power grid new energy consumption, and constructing a carbon emission reduction participation main body cooperation alliance model; on the basis of the carbon emission reduction participant cooperation alliance model, calculating carbon footprints of different alliances under different power transmission material progress perspectives according to a pre-constructed sub-link carbon emission model; and on the basis of the carbon footprints of the different alliances under the different power transmission material progress perspectives, calculating the new energy carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid under the different power transmission material progress perspectives in combination with a Shapley value method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the effect of the power grid in new energy consumption is clear, and the source-network collaborative carbon emission reduction contribution distribution problem is effectively relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission accounting technology in power systems, and in particular to a method and system for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid absorption of new energy sources based on the Shapley value method. Background Technology

[0002] Building a new power system primarily based on new energy sources is crucial for achieving the "dual carbon" target. Unlike traditional power systems, the intermittency, randomness, and spatiotemporal coupling brought about by a high proportion of new energy grid integration pose more and higher technical requirements for the new power system. Against this backdrop, while research on improving the absorption of new energy sources is relatively mature, research on quantifying the grid's contribution to this absorption is still weak and has the following limitations: 1. Macro-perspective bias: Existing methods mostly analyze carbon emission reduction in the power system at a macro scale, lacking a fine-grained quantification of the power grid's contribution in specific aspects; 2. Lack of source-grid synergy: Carbon emission reduction is the result of the synergy between power sources and the power grid, but existing technologies have not established a scientific and comprehensive mechanism for allocating synergistic contributions. 3. Ignoring dynamic factors: Key dynamic variables such as the proportion of new energy power generation and the advancement of power transmission material technology have not been systematically incorporated into the system framework; 4. Technological differences: The carbon emission reduction potential of different technologies (such as the application of high-temperature superconducting cables and new insulated cables) varies significantly, but there is a lack of a unified evaluation framework.

[0003] The above-mentioned problems reflect that under the energy conservation and carbon reduction requirements put forward by the "dual carbon" goals, there are significant shortcomings in the research on the evaluation and quantification of the power grid's contribution. This has hindered the green transformation of the power system and the selection of future development paths. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method that can accurately quantify and measure the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction by absorbing new energy sources, so as to provide a basis for decision-making on low-carbon investment and technology route selection for the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of renewable energy consumption by the power grid based on the Shapley value method, which improves the reliability of quantifying the contribution of renewable energy consumption to carbon price and carbon emission reduction in the power grid.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid-connected renewable energy based on the Shapley value method includes the following steps: Identify the main entities that the power grid will absorb new energy sources, and construct a cooperative alliance model for carbon emission reduction participants; Based on the aforementioned carbon emission reduction participating entity cooperation alliance model, the carbon footprint of different alliances under different power transmission material advancement perspectives is calculated according to the pre-constructed segmented carbon emission model. Based on the carbon footprints of the different alliances from the perspective of advancements in different power transmission materials, and combined with the Shapley value method, the contribution of the power grid to the carbon emission reduction of renewable energy under the perspective of advancements in different power transmission materials is calculated.

[0006] Furthermore, the main objects include main object 1 and main object 2, wherein main object 1 is the power grid and main object 2 includes offshore wind power plants.

[0007] Furthermore, the cooperative alliance model for carbon emission reduction participants includes the following: Alliance 0: No changes are made to each principal object; Alliance 1: Only modify and construct main object 1, do not construct main object 2; Alliance 2: Do not modify or construct main object 1, only construct main object 2; Alliance 3: It involves both transforming and constructing the main object 1 and constructing the main object 2.

[0008] Furthermore, the segmented carbon emission model is expressed as follows: , in: , , In the formula, The total carbon footprint from the perspective of advancements in different power transmission materials. For the carbon footprint of the power generation process, For the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution process, This refers to the total carbon emissions throughout the entire lifecycle of the power generation process. This refers to the total amount of electricity generated by the power plant. This refers to the total carbon emissions throughout the entire lifecycle of the power grid transmission and distribution process. This refers to the power loss rate in the power transmission and distribution lines during the power grid transmission process.

[0009] Furthermore, the total carbon emissions throughout the entire lifecycle of the power generation process. Carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of power grid transmission and distribution The calculation expressions are as follows: , , In the formula, This refers to carbon emissions during the raw material supply stage of the power generation process. This refers to the carbon emissions during the production stage of power generation equipment. is the carbon emissions during the construction stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emissions during the retirement and recycling stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emissions during the equipment production stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emissions during the construction stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emissions during the retirement and recycling stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link.

[0010] Furthermore, the carbon emissions of each stage are calculated by the emission factor method, and the calculation expression is: , In the formula, is the greenhouse gas emissions of stage i , i is any one of the raw material supply stage, equipment production stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage, and retirement and recycling stage, is the activity level of the i th stage and the j th unit process, is the emission factor of the i th stage and the j th unit process.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation steps of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to absorb new energy from different perspectives of different transmission materials include: Based on the carbon footprints of different alliances from different perspectives of different transmission materials, calculate the carbon emissions of different alliances from different perspectives of different transmission materials. Among them, the calculation expression of the carbon emissions of different alliances is: Alliance 0: , Alliance 1: , Alliance 2: , Alliance 3: , In the formula, , [[ID=X]] are the carbon emissions of Alliance 0, Alliance 1, Alliance 2, and Alliance 3 respectively, is the carbon footprint of the power generation link of coal-fired power under the scenario of Alliance 0, is the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution link of coal-fired power under the scenario of Alliance 0, is the total power generation, is the proportion of offshore wind power in the power generation,​​ is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power generation link, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon footprint of coal-fired power in the grid transmission and distribution link after the progress of the grid's transmission materials, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the grid transmission and distribution link after the progress of the grid's transmission materials; Calculate the carbon emission reduction of different alliances from different perspectives of the progress of transmission materials. Among them, the carbon emission reduction of Alliance 0 is 0, and the carbon emission reduction of the remaining alliances is the difference between the carbon emissions of each alliance and the carbon emissions of Alliance 0, which are respectively expressed as: Alliance 1: =( , Alliance 2:

[0012] Alliance 3:

[0013] In the formula, , , are the carbon emission reductions of Alliance 1, Alliance 2, and Alliance 3 respectively; Based on the Shapley value method, solve the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy from different perspectives of the progress of transmission materials. Among them, the calculation expression of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy is: , In the formula, is the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a dynamic sensitivity analysis of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy, specifically including the following: Single factor: Quantify the total power generation Q or the proportion of offshore wind power in the total power generation changing alone on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy ; Two factors: Quantify the total power generation Q and the proportion of offshore wind power in the total power generation changing synchronously on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to accommodate new energy ;

[0015] [[ID=6,5]]Furthermore, the types of the transmission materials include traditional cables, high-temperature superconducting cables, and new insulating cables.

[0016] The present invention also provides a carbon emission reduction contribution accounting system for the grid to accommodate new energy based on the Shapley value method, including: Model building module: used to identify the main entities that the power grid will use to absorb new energy sources and to build a cooperative alliance model for carbon emission reduction participants; Carbon footprint calculation module: Based on the aforementioned carbon emission reduction participating entity cooperation alliance model, it calculates the carbon footprint of different alliances from the perspective of advancements in different power transmission materials according to a pre-constructed segmented carbon emission model. Carbon emission reduction contribution calculation module: This module is used to calculate the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to the absorption of new energy sources from the perspective of different power transmission materials based on the carbon footprint of the different alliances under different power transmission material advancements, combined with the Shapley value method.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention introduces the Shapley value method in the quantification of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to absorb new energy. The Shapley value method is used to construct a cooperative alliance model of carbon emission reduction participants, which improves the reliability of the quantification of the carbon price carbon emission reduction contribution of the grid to absorb new energy.

[0018] (2) This invention observes and analyzes the impact of advancements in different power transmission material technologies on the carbon value of the power grid by examining the changes in carbon emission reductions brought about by the transformation and construction of the power grid. The carbon emission reductions brought about by the application of different power transmission material technologies in the power grid transmission and distribution links are included in the calculation results of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to the absorption of new energy sources, so as to reflect the impact of advancements in different power transmission material technologies on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid and realize the calculation of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid from the perspective of advancements in power transmission material technologies.

[0019] (3) The present invention is reasonable in calculating the carbon footprint of the power generation and power grid transmission and distribution links based on the whole life cycle method, so that the carbon footprint obtained in the final calculation is consistent with the actual situation and the accuracy of the calculation is improved.

[0020] (4) This invention proposes a new definition of the carbon emission reduction contribution that the power grid can bring about by absorbing new energy sources, and opens up a new quantitative approach for measuring the contribution of the power grid to absorbing new energy sources.

[0021] (5) The method and approach of this invention for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to absorb new energy sources have the advantages of strong systematicity, strong operability and universality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the entire lifecycle stages clarified by the present invention; Figure 3 This invention provides a boundary diagram of a coal-fired power system determined based on the entire life cycle stage. Figure 4This is the boundary diagram of an offshore wind power system determined based on the entire life cycle stage according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a graph showing the changing trend of the contribution of two power transmission material technologies to power grid carbon emission reduction under the application of these technologies, calculated based on the Shapley value method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid-connected renewable energy sources based on the Shapley value method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S1. Define the contribution value of the power grid to carbon emission reduction by absorbing new energy sources.

[0025] As the core hub of carbon emission reduction in the power system, quantitatively measuring the power grid's contribution to carbon emission reduction is an important issue. Current research largely focuses on macro-level quantitative analysis of the power system's contribution to carbon emission reduction across society or specific regions. For example, comparing power grid transmission with direct coal transportation, the carbon emission reduction from power grid transmission compared to coal transportation is calculated and considered as the power grid's contribution to carbon emission reduction. Furthermore, by calculating the effective promotion of grid-connected renewable energy generation through projects such as newly built transmission lines, upgraded and expanded substation facilities, and supporting communication equipment, and based on effective investment on both the generation and grid sides, methods for analyzing the emission reduction contributions of renewable energy grid-connected power generation projects are proposed.

[0026] Based on existing domestic and international research findings, this embodiment defines the contribution of the grid to the carbon emission reduction of new energy sources as the amount of greenhouse gas emissions reduced by specific activities (such as the use of renewable energy, energy efficiency improvements, etc.) compared to the baseline scenario (such as the use of traditional fossil energy).

[0027] S2. Construct a collaborative alliance model for carbon reduction participants.

[0028] According to the definition of carbon emission reduction contribution in the embodiments of the present invention, the carbon emission reduction contribution value is calculated based on the Shapley value method. According to the principle of the Shapley value method, it is necessary to divide the participating entities into cooperative alliances.

[0029] The Shapley value method used in this embodiment of the invention involves two carbon emission reduction participants: Entity 1 and Entity 2. Entity 1 is the power grid, and Entity 2 includes offshore wind power plants. Based on the clearly defined participants in the power grid's absorption of new energy, a carbon emission reduction cooperation alliance model is constructed, including the following: Alliance 0 is the baseline scenario, with no carbon emission reduction participants. This means that only coal-fired power plants and the original power grid participate in power generation and supply activities, without upgrading the power grid or building offshore wind power projects. Alliance 1 is a scenario where only the power grid is upgraded and constructed, without the construction of offshore wind power projects, that is, an alliance in which only the power grid participates as a carbon emission reduction participant; Alliance 2 is a scenario where only offshore wind power projects are built without any grid upgrades, meaning that only offshore wind power projects participate as the main participants in carbon emission reduction. Alliance 3 is a scenario where power grids are upgraded and constructed, and offshore wind power projects are also built. In other words, it is an alliance in which both power grids and offshore wind power projects participate as carbon emission reduction entities.

[0030] In this embodiment, the participating entities in the carbon emission reduction generated by the grid's absorption of new energy sources from the perspective of power transmission progress, and the carbon emission reductions brought about by their participation, are specifically shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Carbon emission reductions by participating entities

[0031] Carbon emission reductions are calculated by subtracting the carbon emissions generated by Consortium 1, 2, and 3 from the carbon emissions generated by Consortium 0 in the baseline scenario to obtain the carbon emission reduction for Consortium 1. x Alliance 2 carbon emission reductions y And the carbon emission reductions of Alliance 3 z .

[0032] Based on the definition of the Shapley value method and the carbon emission reduction data brought about by different cooperative alliances shown in Table 1, the following formula is defined to calculate the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to the absorption of new energy sources from the perspective of advancements in power transmission material technology: (1) S3. Establish a segmented carbon emission model to quantify the carbon footprint of the power generation and grid transmission and distribution segments.

[0033] Since carbon footprint data of coal-fired power and offshore wind power are needed when calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to absorb new energy, it is necessary to first construct a carbon emission calculation model for each stage before calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid. That is, to calculate the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power from the perspective of the entire life cycle of power generation and power grid transmission and distribution.

[0034] like Figures 2-4As shown, the system boundary for carbon footprint accounting of coal-fired power and offshore wind power extends from the production and use of coal-fired power and offshore wind power generation and grid transmission and distribution equipment to their final recycling and disposal. The system inputs include various raw materials, electricity, and diesel fuel, while the outputs include electricity and greenhouse gases. During the equipment production phase, the carbon footprint of manufacturing and transporting the raw materials required for equipment production needs to be calculated; during the equipment installation phase, the carbon footprint of transporting the equipment to the power plant or grid transmission and distribution station and the carbon footprint of installation and construction need to be calculated; during the operation and maintenance phase, the carbon footprint of various materials and energy consumption needs to be calculated; and during the decommissioning and recycling phase, the carbon footprint of waste recycling and disposal needs to be calculated.

[0035] Based on the aforementioned system boundary, relevant activity level data and emission factor data are collected to calculate the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power generation and grid transmission and distribution. Then, the two values ​​are added together to obtain the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power.

[0036] The calculation methods and formulas for the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power are as follows: (2) In the formula, For the carbon footprint of the power generation process, For the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution process, The calculation formula is as follows: (3) In the formula: The total carbon emissions over the entire lifecycle of the power generation process, expressed as kgCO2e, is the sum of carbon emissions from the five stages within the calculation period. This refers to the total electricity generated by the power plant, in kWh. Same as above. The calculation formula is: (4) In the formula: This represents the total carbon emissions (kgCO2e) throughout the entire lifecycle of the power grid transmission and distribution process. The power loss rate in the transmission and distribution network, expressed as % . Furthermore, the formulas for calculating carbon emissions in the power generation and grid transmission and distribution stages are as follows: (5) (6) In the formula, This indicates the carbon emissions during the raw material supply stage of power generation, expressed in kgCO2e. This indicates the carbon emissions during the production stage of power generation equipment, expressed in kgCO2e. This indicates the carbon emissions during the construction phase of the power generation process, expressed in kgCO2e. This indicates the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance phase of the power generation process, expressed in kgCO2e. This indicates the carbon emissions during the decommissioning and recycling phase of the power generation process, expressed in kgCO2e. This indicates the carbon emissions during the production stage of equipment in the power grid transmission and distribution process, expressed in kgCO2e. This represents the carbon emissions during the construction phase of the power grid transmission and distribution process, expressed in kgCO2e. This represents the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance phase of the power grid transmission and distribution process, expressed in kgCO2e. This represents the carbon emissions during the decommissioning and recycling phase of the power grid transmission and distribution system, expressed in kgCO2e. Furthermore, carbon emissions are primarily calculated using the emission factor method. The emission factor method, derived from the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Accounting Guidelines, is a widely used method for calculating ecological footprint. The specific calculation formula is as follows: (7) In the formula: For the stage i Greenhouse gas emissions, kgCO2e, of which i It can represent any one of the five stages: raw material supply, equipment production, construction, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning and recycling. For the first i Phase 1 j The activity level of each unit process is determined by different units depending on the type of activity. Common units include... t, m 3 and k Wh wait; For the first i Phase 1 j The emission factors for each unit process are calculated using different units depending on the activity type, with common units including kgCO2e / kg, kgCO2e / m3, and kgCO2e / kWh. The above calculation approach is used for all types of carbon emissions within the system boundary, incorporating different activity level data and corresponding emission factors based on the different emission processes.

[0037] S4. Apply the Shapley value method to solve the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction by absorbing new energy sources, observe and analyze the impact of technical factors on the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction, and evaluate the effect of different factors on the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction by absorbing new energy sources.

[0038] Based on the calculated carbon emission reduction amounts of different alliances, the Shapley value method is used to measure the carbon emission reduction contributions of each carbon emission reduction entity, and then the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy, that is, the carbon value of the power grid, is determined. The technological progress of transmission materials in the embodiments of the present invention is mainly reflected by the change in the numerical value of the carbon emission reduction amount brought about by the application of different transmission material technologies in the power grid. The calculation formulas for the carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction amounts of each alliance are shown in Table 2 below.

[0039] Table 2 Carbon Emissions and Carbon Emission Reduction Amounts of Each Alliance

[0040] In the formula, Q is the total power generation, α is the proportion of offshore wind power in the total power generation; is the carbon footprint of coal-fired power generation in the power generation link, is the carbon footprint of coal-fired power generation in the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon footprint of coal-fired power generation in the power grid transmission and distribution link under the technological progress of transmission materials; is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power generation link, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power grid transmission and distribution link under the technological progress of transmission materials. In the embodiments of the present invention, the technological progress of transmission materials mainly refers to the progress of two power grid transmission materials, namely, the application of high-temperature superconducting cables and the application of new insulating cables.

[0041] Using the Shapley value method to solve, the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid is: )] (8) In the formula, [[ID=3三十三]] is the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy.

[0042] In this embodiment, the following method is used to perform dynamic sensitivity analysis on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy by different factors: Single factor: Quantify the total power generation Q or the proportion of new energy power generation The influence of the individual change on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy. The specific calculation method is to keep one variable ( Q or ) unchanged, and by substituting different other variables ( or Q ) into the formula for calculation, observing the calculation results to analyze the influence of the individual change of the total power generation Q or the proportion of new energy power generation on the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy; Two factors: Quantify the total power generationQ and the proportion of new energy power generation The impact of simultaneous changes on the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction by absorbing new energy sources is specifically calculated by combining the two variables ( Q and The values ​​of ) are simultaneously substituted into the formula at a fixed growth level for calculation, and the calculation results are observed to analyze the impact of the simultaneous changes of the two on the contribution of the power grid to the carbon emission reduction of new energy sources.

[0043] To verify the effectiveness of the above method, this embodiment uses the carbon footprint of 1 kWh of electricity generated by a coal-fired power plant and an offshore wind power project in a certain city, as well as relevant data from the city's power grid, for verification: 1. Calculate the carbon footprint based on coal-fired power and offshore wind power according to equations (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), and (7). The specific results are shown in Table 3, which shows the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power in the examples.

[0044] Table 3 Carbon footprint of coal-fired power and offshore wind power

[0045] 2. In this embodiment of the invention, the advancements in power transmission material technology mainly refer to the advancements in two types of power transmission materials: high-temperature superconducting cables and new insulated cables. The technical parameters of high-temperature superconducting cables and new insulated cables are shown in Table 4. The calculation results of carbon emissions per unit of electricity from coal-fired power under different technology applications are shown in Table 5. The calculation results of carbon emissions per unit of electricity from offshore wind power under different technology applications are shown in Table 6. The carbon emissions and carbon reductions of each alliance under the advancements in power transmission material technology are shown in Table 7.

[0046] Table 4 Key technical parameters changed due to advancements in power transmission materials

[0047] Table 5. Carbon emissions per unit of electricity from coal-fired power plants under three types of power transmission cable applications. (Unit: kgCO2e)

[0048] Table 6. Carbon emissions per unit of offshore wind power under three types of power transmission cable applications (Unit: kgCO2e)

[0049] Table 7 Carbon Emissions and Reductions of Various Alliances Due to Advances in Transmission Materials

[0050] 3. Based on equation (8), and using the results of carbon emissions and carbon reduction from coal-fired power and offshore wind power, we can substitute these results into equation (8) to obtain the carbon reduction contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power from the perspective of advancements in two transmission materials: ) = (0.0192+0.00825α) Q = (0.0033+0.00075α) Q 4. Based on the above formula for calculating carbon emission reduction contribution, it can be seen that offshore wind power accounts for a certain proportion of electricity generation. and power generation Q These are the core variables affecting the contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power to carbon emission reduction. Therefore, a combination of single-factor and two-factor analysis methods is used to further analyze the benefits of these two factors on the contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power to carbon emission reduction. Table 8 shows the calculation results of the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power under the application of high-temperature superconducting cables, and Table 9 shows the calculation results of the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power under the application of new insulated cables. Under the two-factor analysis, the calculation results of the carbon emission reduction contribution of grid absorption of offshore wind power under the application of the two types of cables are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0051] Table 8. Contribution of High-Temperature Superconducting Cables to Grid Absorption of Offshore Wind Power Carbon Emission Reduction (100 Million kg CO2e)

[0052] Table 9. Contribution of new insulated cables to grid absorption of offshore wind power carbon emission reduction (100 million kg CO2e)

[0053] The steps are as follows to obtain the contribution of power grid to carbon emission reduction from the perspective of power transmission material advancement based on the Shapley value method, i.e., the carbon value of the power grid. Based on single-factor analysis, when offshore wind power accounts for a certain proportion of power generation... At a fixed point, the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction With power generation Q It is directly proportional to the amount of electricity generated. Q The increase in the contribution of power transmission grid to carbon emission reduction The higher the proportion of offshore wind power generation, the higher the proportion of offshore wind power generation. At the same time, with the increase in power generation Q With the increase in power generation, the contribution of high-temperature superconducting cables to the reduction of carbon emissions from the power grid is far greater than that of new insulated cables; when power generation... Q When stationary, the proportion of electricity generated by offshore wind power Contribution of power grid carbon emission reduction The relationship is a linear function with respect to the proportion of offshore wind power in electricity generation. The rise in carbon emission reduction contribution of power transmission grids The higher, similarly, in this case, in terms of power generation Q At the same time, as the proportion of offshore wind power in electricity generation... The improvement in power generation efficiency and the application of high-temperature superconducting cables have a far greater impact on the reduction of carbon emissions in the power grid than the application of new insulated cables. Through two-factor analysis, power generation... Q and the proportion of electricity generated by offshore wind power Simultaneous improvement can enhance the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction. Significant growth was observed. At this point, the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to the absorption of offshore wind power when high-temperature superconducting cables were used was far greater than the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid when new transmission cables were used.

[0054] In summary, this invention proposes a method for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of renewable energy consumption in power grids based on the Shapley value method from the perspective of advancements in power transmission material technology. This method combines the Shapley value method with the life cycle theory and defines the carbon emission reduction contribution value. Subsequently, a cooperative alliance model of carbon emission reduction participants is constructed based on the Shapley value method principle, preparing for solving the power grid's carbon emission reduction contribution using the Shapley value method. Following this, a segmented carbon emission model is established, starting from each stage of the life cycle of coal-fired power generation technology and renewable energy power generation technology, and the power grid transmission and distribution stage. Based on the life cycle stages, the system boundary for carbon footprint accounting of coal-fired power and renewable energy power generation technologies is clarified. Based on the system boundary, the necessary activity level data and emission factors are collected, and the carbon footprint of coal-fired power and renewable energy power is calculated using the collected data. Simultaneously, the carbon footprint values ​​after the application of different advancements in power transmission material technology are calculated. Finally, based on the Shapley value method and the calculated carbon footprint, the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction from the perspective of technological advancements in power transmission materials is obtained, i.e., the carbon value of the power grid in absorbing new energy. The impact of different technological factors on the contribution of the power grid to carbon emission reduction from absorbing new energy is observed and analyzed to evaluate the effect of different technological factors on this contribution. Therefore, the carbon value accounting method for the power grid's absorption of new energy based on the Shapley value method proposed in this invention has the advantages of high reliability and operability. It helps to accurately evaluate the contribution made by the power grid in absorbing new energy, and can also point the way for technological advancements in the power grid, promoting the low-carbon and green transformation of the power system.

[0055] Example 2 This embodiment 2 provides a power grid carbon emission reduction contribution accounting system based on the Shapley value method, including: Model building module: used to identify the main entities that the power grid will use to absorb new energy sources and to build a cooperative alliance model for carbon emission reduction participants; Carbon footprint calculation module: Based on the aforementioned carbon emission reduction participating entity cooperation alliance model, it calculates the carbon footprint of different alliances from the perspective of advancements in different power transmission materials according to a pre-constructed segmented carbon emission model. Carbon emission reduction contribution calculation module: This module is used to calculate the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to the absorption of new energy sources from the perspective of different power transmission materials based on the carbon footprint of the different alliances under different power transmission material advancements, combined with the Shapley value method.

[0056] The rest are as in Example 1.

[0057] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0059] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

Claims

1. A Shapley value method-based method for accounting for carbon emission reduction contribution of power grid consumption of new energy, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: determining the main object of the power grid to accommodate new energy, and constructing a carbon emission reduction participating subject cooperation alliance model; based on the carbon emission reduction participating subject cooperation alliance model, calculating the carbon footprint of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress according to a pre-constructed link-by-link carbon emission model; based on the carbon footprint of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress, and combining the Shapley value method, calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy under different perspectives of transmission material progress.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The main object includes a main object 1 and a main object 2, wherein the main object 1 is a power grid, and the main object 2 includes an offshore wind power plant.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The carbon emission reduction participating subject cooperation alliance model includes the following: Alliance 0: for each main object, no change is made; Alliance 1: only the main object 1 is modified and constructed, and the main object 2 is not constructed; Alliance 2: the main object 1 is not modified and constructed, and only the main object 2 is constructed; Alliance 3: both the main object 1 is modified and constructed, and the main object 2 is constructed.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The link-by-link carbon emission model is expressed as: ， wherein: ， ， In the formula, is the total carbon footprint under the perspective of different transmission materials, is the carbon footprint of the power generation link, is the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the total life cycle carbon emissions of the power generation link, is the total power generation of the power plant, is the total life cycle carbon emissions of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the loss rate of power in the line in the power grid transmission and distribution link.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The calculation expression of the whole life cycle carbon emission of the power generation link is: The calculation expression of the whole life cycle carbon emission of the power generation link is: The calculation expression of the whole life cycle carbon emission of the power generation link is: ， ， In the formula, is the carbon emission of the raw material supply stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emission of the equipment production stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emission of the construction stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emission of the operation and maintenance stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emission of the decommissioning and recycling stage of the power generation link, is the carbon emission of the equipment production stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emission of the construction stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emission of the operation and maintenance stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon emission of the decommissioning and recycling stage of the power grid transmission and distribution link.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The carbon emission of each stage is calculated by using the emission factor method, and the calculation expression is: ， wherein is the greenhouse gas emission of a phase i , i is any one of the raw material supply phase, the equipment production phase, the construction phase, the operation and maintenance phase, and the decommissioning and recycling phase, is the activity level of the i th unit process of the j th phase, is the emission factor of the i th unit process of the j th phase.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The calculation steps of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy under different perspectives of transmission material progress include: based on the carbon footprint of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress, calculating the carbon emission of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress, wherein the calculation expression of the carbon emission of different alliances is: Alliance 0: , Alliance 1: , League 2: , League 3: , wherein, , , , are carbon emissions of the alliance 0, the alliance 1, the alliance 2, and the alliance 3, respectively, is the carbon footprint of the power generation link of coal power in the scenario of the alliance 0, is the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution link of coal power in the scenario of the alliance 0, is the total power generation, is the proportion of offshore wind power in power generation, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power generation link, is the carbon footprint of offshore wind power in the power grid transmission and distribution link, is the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution link of coal power after the progress of power grid transmission materials, is the carbon footprint of the power grid transmission and distribution link of offshore wind power after the progress of power grid transmission materials. calculating the carbon emission reduction of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress, wherein the carbon emission reduction of alliance 0 is 0, and the carbon emission reduction of the remaining alliances is the difference between the carbon emission of each alliance and the carbon emission of alliance 0, which are respectively expressed as: Alliance 1: ， Alliance 2: Alliance 3: In the formula, , , are the carbon emission reduction amounts of Alliance 1, Alliance 2, and Alliance 3, respectively. based on the Shapley value method, the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy under different perspectives of transmission material progress is solved, wherein the calculation expression of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy is: ， In the formula, Contribute to carbon emission reduction of new energy power grid accommodation.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, further comprising dynamic sensitivity analysis of the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy, specifically including the following: Single factor: quantify the total amount of electricity generated Q or the proportion of electricity generated by offshore wind power The impact of individual changes on the contribution of grid accommodation of new energy carbon emission reduction ; Two factors: quantify the total amount of electricity generated Q And the proportion of electricity generated by offshore wind power The impact of synchronous change on the contribution of new energy carbon emission reduction in power grid .

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The types of transmission materials include traditional cables, high-temperature superconducting cables, and new type of insulation cables.

10. A system for accounting for carbon emission reduction contribution of new energy consumption in a power grid based on Shapley value method, characterized in that, including: a model construction module: used for determining the main object of the power grid to accommodate new energy, and constructing a carbon emission reduction participating subject cooperation alliance model; a carbon footprint calculation module: used for calculating the carbon footprint of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress according to a pre-constructed link-by-link carbon emission model based on the carbon emission reduction participating subject cooperation alliance model; a carbon emission reduction contribution calculation module: used for calculating the carbon emission reduction contribution of the power grid to accommodate new energy under different perspectives of transmission material progress based on the carbon footprint of different alliances under different perspectives of transmission material progress and combining the Shapley value method.

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