Nanocapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cold storage in logistics, and discloses a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables. The method includes the following steps: preparing nano-microcapsule cold storage materials for transporting fruits and vegetables, and performing pretreatment and cold storage treatment. These materials are used for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of fruits and vegetables, ensuring that they remain fresh and undamaged during transportation. This invention perfectly matches the optimal storage temperature for different fruits and vegetables, preventing chilling injury at the source, and requires no external energy drive, resulting in extremely low cost compared to expensive active refrigeration vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold storage in logistics, and in particular to a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables. Background Technology

[0002] Nanocapsule composite phase change cold storage is a complex concept, with phase change at its core. Phase change refers to the transformation of a substance from one state (phase) to another, such as from solid to liquid (melting) or from liquid to solid (freezing). The principle of cold storage is that during a phase change, a substance absorbs or releases a large amount of energy, called the "latent heat of phase change," while its temperature remains almost constant. Phase change cold storage materials utilize this principle, releasing cold energy during freezing (ice formation) and absorbing heat during melting, thus maintaining a low-temperature environment. Common ice (water) is a phase change material with a phase change temperature of 0°C. Nanocapsules are a technology that encapsulates tiny droplets or solid particles with a solid film, forming micron- or nano-sized "capsules." Like tiny "eggs," the yolk is the core material, and the shell is the wall material. The advantage of this scale is the huge specific surface area, resulting in extremely fast heat transfer and cold storage and release efficiencies far exceeding those of traditional materials. In summary, nanocapsule composite phase change cold storage is an advanced thermal management technology. It uses nanotechnology to encapsulate phase change materials in microcapsules to solve their leakage and phase separation problems. Then, by combining and shaping them with a supporting matrix, a new type of cold storage material with high energy density, fast thermal response, stable performance and no leakage is finally obtained.

[0003] Compared to traditional cold chain logistics methods using ordinary ice packs and dry ice, the nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method can perfectly match the optimal storage temperature for different fruits and vegetables, preventing chilling injury from the source. This is because the phase change material maintains a long-term temperature plateau during melting, acting like a "thermal buffer," actively absorbing external heat while its own temperature remains essentially constant, ensuring a highly stable microenvironment within the container. Furthermore, the latent heat storage capacity of the phase change material is far greater than the sensible heat storage capacity of ordinary materials. A unit mass of nano-microcapsule composite phase change material can store and release significantly more "cold energy" than ice packs, thus providing a longer cooling time for the same weight. Finally, this is a passive temperature control technology that requires no external energy drive, making it extremely low-cost compared to expensive active refrigeration vehicles. Therefore, a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables were prepared, and the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was obtained by screening all cold storage materials.

[0008] The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is pretreated, and then subjected to cold storage treatment to obtain a fully cold storage material.

[0009] The heat load of fruits and vegetables is calculated to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material. The fruits and vegetables are then integrated and arranged. Finally, the fruits and vegetables are transported in a cold chain and their temperature is controlled in a coordinated manner.

[0010] After the target fruits and vegetables are transported, the transportation effect is evaluated by combining the complete cold storage material, and the complete cold storage material is recycled.

[0011] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the cold storage material for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics, and the screening of all cold storage materials to obtain the target nanocapsule cold storage material, specifically involves:

[0012] All raw materials used in the preparation of cold storage materials are retrieved through big data networks, identified as target raw materials, and placed into a three-necked flask, along with deionized water.

[0013] The three-necked flask containing the target raw material and deionized water was placed in a constant temperature water bath for heating and temperature control, and the flask was continuously stirred by magnetic stirring.

[0014] The three-necked flask is sampled and analyzed in real time. When the solid in the three-necked flask is completely dissolved, the magnetic stirring is stopped to obtain the raw material solution.

[0015] The raw material solution is sampled to obtain a raw material solution sample. The raw material solution sample is subjected to low-temperature cyclic cooling treatment, and the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample is recorded in real time by a temperature sensor. At the same time, a standard crystallization temperature is preset. If the temperature difference between the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample and the standard crystallization temperature is less than the preset value, the raw material solution is calibrated as a qualified raw material solution. Otherwise, the experiment is repeated until a qualified raw material solution is obtained.

[0016] A nonionic surfactant is added to the qualified raw material solution and subjected to high-speed treatment. After the treatment, magnetic stirring is continued, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is added during the stirring process. When the tetraethyl orthosilicate is completely hydrolyzed in the qualified raw material solution, the stirring is stopped to obtain a pretreated qualified raw material solution.

[0017] The pretreated raw material solution and expanded graphite are subjected to composite shaping treatment to obtain nanocapsules combined with expanded graphite composite phase change material, which are labeled as target nanocapsule cold storage material, wherein the target nanocapsule cold storage material is a solid material.

[0018] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment of the target nanocapsule cold storage material, followed by cold storage treatment of the target nanocapsule cold storage material after pretreatment to obtain a fully cold storage material, specifically involves:

[0019] The standard size of the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is preset, and all the target nano-microcapsule cold storage materials are divided into different units of the standard size. A resistance temperature sensor is implanted in the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material of each unit to obtain the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material unit.

[0020] The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was loaded into an ultra-low temperature freezer in batches, and the temperature in the ultra-low temperature freezer was preset to -25°C and the temperature of the ultra-low temperature freezer was controlled to be stable at -25°C.

[0021] The core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material is continuously monitored and recorded using a resistance temperature sensor, and a temperature change curve is constructed and calibrated as the material temperature change curve.

[0022] Analyzing the temperature change curve of the material, if the core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material remains stable within the range of ±1℃ from -25℃ for at least 2 hours, then the target nanocapsule cold storage material is calibrated as a complete cold storage material.

[0023] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the heat load of the fruit and vegetable products to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material, integrating and arranging the fruit and vegetable products, and finally carrying out cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the fruit and vegetable products specifically includes:

[0024] Identify the fruits and vegetables that require cold chain logistics transportation, label them as target fruits and vegetables, and use big data networks to retrieve the respiration heat rate of the target fruits and vegetables at different temperatures, while also obtaining the total mass and estimated transportation time of the target fruits and vegetables.

[0025] Based on the respiratory heat rate of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures, the total mass of the target fruit and vegetable products, and the expected transportation time, calculate the total respiratory heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures.

[0026] Determine the transport temperature of the cold chain logistics equipment for transporting the target fruits and vegetables, and calibrate it as the target transport temperature. Also determine the respiratory heat load of the target fruits and vegetables at the target transport temperature, and calibrate it as the target respiratory heat load.

[0027] Determine the surface area of ​​the packaging box containing the target fruits and vegetables and the temperature difference between the inside and outside, and calculate the environmental heat loss based on the estimated transportation time;

[0028] By combining the target respiratory heat load and the ambient heat loss, the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation is calculated, and the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material is calculated based on the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation.

[0029] Based on the surface area of ​​the packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables, the target fruits and vegetables are integrated and arranged using a top-mounted method. At the same time, temperature monitoring sensors are placed on different packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables to monitor the ambient temperature of the target fruits and vegetables in real time.

[0030] By combining top-mounted processing methods, cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control are carried out on the target fruits and vegetables.

[0031] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of combining top-mounted processing for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the target fruit and vegetable products specifically includes:

[0032] The target fruit and vegetable products are integrated and arranged using an upper placement method. The upper placement method involves making the fully cold storage material into cold storage plates based on the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material, and placing all the cold storage plates flat on the top layer inside the packaging box containing the target fruit and vegetable products, and tightly attaching them to the box lid.

[0033] The phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material is retrieved. Based on the ambient temperature recorded by the temperature monitoring sensor on the packaging box containing the target fruit and vegetable products, an ambient temperature change curve is constructed. The ambient temperature change curve is analyzed to determine the relationship between the ambient temperature and the phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material.

[0034] When the ambient temperature is equal to the phase change temperature of the fully cold-storage material, the target fruit and vegetable products are synergistically temperature-controlled by combining the fully cold-storage material.

[0035] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of evaluating the transportation effect by combining the complete cold storage material after the target fruit and vegetable products are transported, and recycling the complete cold storage material, specifically includes:

[0036] After the target fruit and vegetable products are transported to their destination via cold chain, the temperature change curve of the surrounding environment is analyzed to calculate the maximum temperature fluctuation range when the surrounding environment temperature is equal to the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material.

[0037] If the maximum temperature fluctuation range after the ambient temperature equals the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material is not greater than the standard range, then the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is qualified; otherwise, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is unqualified.

[0038] If the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is not up to standard, the target fruit and vegetable products will be sampled for weight loss rate calculation and state calculation. The state of the target fruit and vegetable products includes color, hardness and number of rotten spots.

[0039] If the weight loss rate and condition of the sampled target fruits and vegetables remain within the standard range, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruits and vegetables will be reassessed and marked as qualified.

[0040] After cold chain transportation, the surface of the fully cold storage material is analyzed. The fully cold storage material with surface damage is discarded, and the fully cold storage material without surface damage is labeled as recyclable fully cold storage material.

[0041] The recyclable fully cold storage material is subjected to secondary freezing in an ultra-low temperature freezer. After the number of secondary freezing cycles equals a preset value, the phase change enthalpy decay rate of the recyclable fully cold storage material is tested by differential scanning calorimetry. If the phase change enthalpy decay rate is less than the standard value, the recyclable fully cold storage material is calibrated as a recyclable fully cold storage material.

[0042] The second aspect of this invention also provides a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage system suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables. The nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage system integrates a high-performance computing architecture and a data storage module, including a non-volatile memory composed of a DDR4 RDIMM memory module with ECC verification and an NVMe solid-state storage array using 3D NAND flash memory, and a multi-core processor based on the Zen4 microarchitecture. The memory contains a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method program with a cold storage monitoring engine. When the program is executed in parallel through a superscalar pipeline execution unit within the processor, the following steps are achieved:

[0043] Cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables were prepared, and the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was obtained by screening all cold storage materials.

[0044] The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is pretreated, and then subjected to cold storage treatment to obtain a fully cold storage material.

[0045] The heat load of fruits and vegetables is calculated to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material. The fruits and vegetables are then integrated and arranged. Finally, the fruits and vegetables are transported in a cold chain and their temperature is controlled in a coordinated manner.

[0046] After the target fruits and vegetables are transported, the transportation effect is evaluated by combining the complete cold storage material, and the complete cold storage material is recycled.

[0047] This invention addresses the technical deficiencies in the prior art and offers the following advantages: By preparing nano-microcapsule cold-storage materials for transporting fruits and vegetables, and subjecting them to pretreatment and cold-storage treatment, these materials are used for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of fruits and vegetables, ensuring their freshness and preventing damage during transportation. This invention perfectly matches the optimal storage temperature for different fruits and vegetables, preventing chilling injury at the source, and requires no external energy drive, resulting in extremely low cost compared to expensive active refrigeration vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 A flowchart of a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables is shown;

[0050] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the method for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of fruit and vegetable products is shown.

[0051] Figure 3 A program view of a nanocapsule composite phase change cold storage system suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0053] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart of a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables is shown, including the following steps:

[0055] S102: Prepare cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, and screen all cold storage materials to obtain the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material;

[0056] S104: Pre-treat the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material, and then perform cold storage treatment on the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material after pre-treatment to obtain a fully cold storage material;

[0057] S106: Perform heat load calculations on fruit and vegetable products to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material, integrate and arrange the fruit and vegetable products, and finally carry out cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the fruit and vegetable products.

[0058] S108: After transporting the target fruits and vegetables, evaluate the transport effect by combining the complete cold storage material and recycle the complete cold storage material.

[0059] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the cold storage material for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics, and the screening of all cold storage materials to obtain the target nanocapsule cold storage material, specifically involves:

[0060] All raw materials used in the preparation of cold storage materials are retrieved through big data networks, identified as target raw materials, and placed into a three-necked flask, along with deionized water.

[0061] The three-necked flask containing the target raw material and deionized water was placed in a constant temperature water bath for heating and temperature control, and the flask was continuously stirred by magnetic stirring.

[0062] The three-necked flask is sampled and analyzed in real time. When the solid in the three-necked flask is completely dissolved, the magnetic stirring is stopped to obtain the raw material solution.

[0063] The raw material solution is sampled to obtain a raw material solution sample. The raw material solution sample is subjected to low-temperature cyclic cooling treatment, and the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample is recorded in real time by a temperature sensor. At the same time, a standard crystallization temperature is preset. If the temperature difference between the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample and the standard crystallization temperature is less than the preset value, the raw material solution is calibrated as a qualified raw material solution. Otherwise, the experiment is repeated until a qualified raw material solution is obtained.

[0064] A nonionic surfactant is added to the qualified raw material solution and subjected to high-speed treatment. After the treatment, magnetic stirring is continued, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is added during the stirring process. When the tetraethyl orthosilicate is completely hydrolyzed in the qualified raw material solution, the stirring is stopped to obtain a pretreated qualified raw material solution.

[0065] The pretreated raw material solution and expanded graphite are subjected to composite shaping treatment to obtain nanocapsules combined with expanded graphite composite phase change material, which are labeled as target nanocapsule cold storage material, wherein the target nanocapsule cold storage material is a solid material.

[0066] It should be noted that to achieve nanocapsule composite phase change cold storage in the cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, the cold storage material must first be prepared. The purpose of this step is to prepare a nanocapsule with a hydrated salt core and a silica shell, combined with expanded graphite, to obtain a shaped composite phase change material. The preparation steps include first preparing a hydrated salt solution, the target raw materials of which are sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium chloride, sodium tetraborate, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Deionized water is added to these components for mixing and dissolution, followed by heating and stirring. Finally, supercooling crystallization is performed to obtain the core phase change material, i.e., a qualified raw material solution. After obtaining the qualified raw material solution, in-situ hydrolysis is performed to form a dense nano-silica shell on the surface of the solution, realizing the construction of nanocapsules. Finally, expanded graphite is combined for composite shaping treatment to obtain nanocapsules incorporating the expanded graphite composite phase change material. Because combining nanocapsules with porous, highly thermally conductive expanded graphite results in a bulk material that is easy to use.

[0067] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment of the target nanocapsule cold storage material, followed by cold storage treatment of the target nanocapsule cold storage material after pretreatment to obtain a fully cold storage material, specifically involves:

[0068] The standard size of the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is preset, and all the target nano-microcapsule cold storage materials are divided into different units of the standard size. A resistance temperature sensor is implanted in the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material of each unit to obtain the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material unit.

[0069] The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was loaded into an ultra-low temperature freezer in batches, and the temperature in the ultra-low temperature freezer was preset to -25°C and the temperature of the ultra-low temperature freezer was controlled to be stable at -25°C.

[0070] The core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material is continuously monitored and recorded using a resistance temperature sensor, and a temperature change curve is constructed and calibrated as the material temperature change curve.

[0071] Analyzing the temperature change curve of the material, if the core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material remains stable within the range of ±1℃ from -25℃ for at least 2 hours, then the target nanocapsule cold storage material is calibrated as a complete cold storage material.

[0072] It should be noted that after the cold storage material is prepared, it needs to undergo material pretreatment and cold storage treatment. This involves placing the material in a precisely controlled low-temperature environment to completely transform its core phase change material from a liquid to a solid state, thereby storing a large amount of latent heat of phase change and ensuring the material can be used at its maximum cold storage capacity. The principle is that phase change materials need an environment below their phase change temperature to release heat and solidify. The greater the temperature difference provided, the stronger the phase change driving force and the faster the freezing rate. To ensure the material core is completely frozen, it needs to be maintained for a sufficiently long time. Before precooling, it is divided into different units, and a resistance temperature sensor is placed in each unit to continuously monitor and record the core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material. When the temperature is maintained stably within a range of ±1°C of -25°C for at least 2 hours, it proves that the material has completely and sufficiently stored cold.

[0073] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of evaluating the transportation effect by combining the complete cold storage material after the target fruit and vegetable products are transported, and recycling the complete cold storage material, specifically includes:

[0074] After the target fruit and vegetable products are transported to their destination via cold chain, the temperature change curve of the surrounding environment is analyzed to calculate the maximum temperature fluctuation range when the surrounding environment temperature is equal to the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material.

[0075] If the maximum temperature fluctuation range after the ambient temperature equals the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material is not greater than the standard range, then the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is qualified; otherwise, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is unqualified.

[0076] If the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is not up to standard, the target fruit and vegetable products will be sampled for weight loss rate calculation and state calculation. The state of the target fruit and vegetable products includes color, hardness and number of rotten spots.

[0077] If the weight loss rate and condition of the sampled target fruits and vegetables remain within the standard range, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruits and vegetables will be reassessed and marked as qualified.

[0078] After cold chain transportation, the surface of the fully cold storage material is analyzed. The fully cold storage material with surface damage is discarded, and the fully cold storage material without surface damage is labeled as recyclable fully cold storage material.

[0079] The recyclable fully cold storage material is subjected to secondary freezing in an ultra-low temperature freezer. After the number of secondary freezing cycles equals a preset value, the phase change enthalpy decay rate of the recyclable fully cold storage material is tested by differential scanning calorimetry. If the phase change enthalpy decay rate is less than the standard value, the recyclable fully cold storage material is calibrated as a recyclable fully cold storage material.

[0080] It is important to note that after completing the cold chain logistics transportation of fruits and vegetables, it is necessary to assess the quality of the products after transportation to ensure undamaged transport and minimize profit losses. Significant temperature fluctuations during transportation can affect the storage and quality of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, if the maximum temperature difference between the surrounding environment and the phase change temperature of the fully chilled material is within the standard range, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruits and vegetables is considered acceptable. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the standard range, it does not necessarily mean the cold chain transportation effect is completely unacceptable. Sampling and analysis can be conducted to determine if the fruits and vegetables exhibit mold, damage, or poor hardness. If these issues are also within the standard range, the transportation effect is considered acceptable. The chilled material after transportation needs to be recycled because it has melted into solid form and needs to be frozen back to a solid state to store latent heat. It is then re-frozen in an ultra-low temperature freezer to ensure the core of the material is completely frozen. At the same time, it is necessary to determine whether it can be recycled, that is, to determine whether its performance has deteriorated. After 50 or 100 cycles of cold storage, samples are randomly selected and differential scanning calorimetry is used for testing. The phase transition enthalpy change curve of the material can be obtained. If the decay rate is less than the preset value, it proves that the material performance is stable and can continue to be used.

[0081] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of fruit and vegetable products is shown, including the following steps:

[0082] S202: Perform heat load calculations on fruit and vegetable products to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material, integrate and arrange the fruit and vegetable products, and finally carry out cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the fruit and vegetable products.

[0083] S204: Combining top-mounted processing methods, cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control are carried out on target fruit and vegetable products.

[0084] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the heat load of the fruit and vegetable products to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material, integrating and arranging the fruit and vegetable products, and finally carrying out cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the fruit and vegetable products specifically includes:

[0085] Identify the fruits and vegetables that require cold chain logistics transportation, label them as target fruits and vegetables, and use big data networks to retrieve the respiration heat rate of the target fruits and vegetables at different temperatures, while also obtaining the total mass and estimated transportation time of the target fruits and vegetables.

[0086] Based on the respiratory heat rate of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures, the total mass of the target fruit and vegetable products, and the expected transportation time, calculate the total respiratory heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures.

[0087] Determine the transport temperature of the cold chain logistics equipment for transporting the target fruits and vegetables, and calibrate it as the target transport temperature. Also determine the respiratory heat load of the target fruits and vegetables at the target transport temperature, and calibrate it as the target respiratory heat load.

[0088] Determine the surface area of ​​the packaging box containing the target fruits and vegetables and the temperature difference between the inside and outside, and calculate the environmental heat loss based on the estimated transportation time;

[0089] By combining the target respiratory heat load and the ambient heat loss, the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation is calculated, and the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material is calculated based on the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation.

[0090] Based on the surface area of ​​the packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables, the target fruits and vegetables are integrated and arranged using a top-mounted method. At the same time, temperature monitoring sensors are placed on different packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables to monitor the ambient temperature of the target fruits and vegetables in real time.

[0091] By combining top-mounted processing methods, cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control are carried out on the target fruits and vegetables.

[0092] It's important to note that cold chain transportation requires cold chain packaging of fruits and vegetables. This involves scientifically arranging phase change material units with sufficient cold storage capacity within the packaging, based on the heat load characteristics of the packaging, to create a uniform, stable microenvironment that meets the physiological needs of the fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables have their own inherent heat load, including respiration heat and heat leakage from the environment. Adding these two and multiplying by a safety factor yields the total heat load during transportation, which is also equal to the total latent heat of the fully cold-storing material. Since one fully cold-storing material unit is placed inside each packaging box, the minimum mass of the cold-storing material needs to be calculated. This minimum mass can be calculated by dividing the total heat load by the known phase change enthalpy of the material. Subsequently, the target fruits and vegetables need to be integrated and arranged, and the temperature inside the box (i.e., the ambient temperature) needs to be monitored in real time for coordinated temperature control to ensure effective transportation.

[0093] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of combining top-mounted processing for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of the target fruit and vegetable products specifically includes:

[0094] The target fruit and vegetable products are integrated and arranged using an upper placement method. The upper placement method involves making the fully cold storage material into cold storage plates based on the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material, and placing all the cold storage plates flat on the top layer inside the packaging box containing the target fruit and vegetable products, and tightly attaching them to the box lid.

[0095] The phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material is retrieved. Based on the ambient temperature recorded by the temperature monitoring sensor on the packaging box containing the target fruit and vegetable products, an ambient temperature change curve is constructed. The ambient temperature change curve is analyzed to determine the relationship between the ambient temperature and the phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material.

[0096] When the ambient temperature is equal to the phase change temperature of the fully cold-storage material, the target fruit and vegetable products are synergistically temperature-controlled by combining the fully cold-storage material.

[0097] It should be noted that the principle of the top-mounted method is that cold air, being denser, naturally sinks. Passing through the gaps between fruits and vegetables, it absorbs respiration heat, warms up, and rises, forming a continuous natural convection cycle. This method has a simple structure, provides uniform cooling, and effectively utilizes cold energy. Subsequently, through the synergistic effect of the box and the fully cold-storage material, it passively and intelligently absorbs external heat intrusion and the respiration heat generated by the fruits and vegetables, stabilizing the internal temperature of the packaging box within the target range and effectively suppressing temperature fluctuations—that is, performing synergistic temperature control. The relationship between the ambient temperature and the phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material is determined because the material has a phase transition temperature point, i.e., entering a phase transition plateau. At this point, external heat is preferentially absorbed by the material to drive its solid-liquid phase transition. Since the material absorbs most of the intrusion heat, very little heat is used to raise the temperature of the air and fruits and vegetables inside the box, thus achieving long-term temperature stability and realizing synergistic temperature control.

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention also provides a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage system suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables. The nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage system integrates a high-performance computing architecture and a data storage module, including a non-volatile memory composed of a DDR4 RDIMM memory module with ECC verification and an NVMe solid-state storage array using 3D NAND flash memory, and a multi-core processor based on the Zen4 microarchitecture. The memory contains a nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method program with a cold storage monitoring engine. When the program is executed in parallel through a superscalar pipeline execution unit within the processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0099] Cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables were prepared, and the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was obtained by screening all cold storage materials.

[0100] The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is pretreated, and then subjected to cold storage treatment to obtain a fully cold storage material.

[0101] The heat load of fruits and vegetables is calculated to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material. The fruits and vegetables are then integrated and arranged. Finally, the fruits and vegetables are transported in a cold chain and their temperature is controlled in a coordinated manner.

[0102] After the target fruits and vegetables are transported, the transportation effect is evaluated by combining the complete cold storage material, and the complete cold storage material is recycled.

[0103] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables were prepared, and the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was obtained by screening all cold storage materials. The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is pretreated, and then subjected to cold storage treatment to obtain a fully cold storage material. The heat load of fruits and vegetables is calculated to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material. The fruits and vegetables are then integrated and arranged. Finally, the fruits and vegetables are transported in a cold chain and their temperature is controlled in a coordinated manner. After the target fruits and vegetables are transported, the transportation effect is evaluated by combining the complete cold storage material, and the complete cold storage material is recycled. Specifically, the preparation of cold storage materials for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, and the screening of all cold storage materials to obtain the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material, are as follows: All raw materials used in the preparation of cold storage materials are retrieved through big data networks, identified as target raw materials, and placed into a three-necked flask, along with deionized water. The three-necked flask containing the target raw material and deionized water was placed in a constant temperature water bath for heating and temperature control, and the flask was continuously stirred by magnetic stirring. The three-necked flask is sampled and analyzed in real time. When the solid in the three-necked flask is completely dissolved, the magnetic stirring is stopped to obtain the raw material solution. The raw material solution is sampled to obtain a raw material solution sample. The raw material solution sample is subjected to low-temperature cyclic cooling treatment, and the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample is recorded in real time by a temperature sensor. At the same time, a standard crystallization temperature is preset. If the temperature difference between the crystallization temperature of the raw material solution sample and the standard crystallization temperature is less than the preset value, the raw material solution is calibrated as a qualified raw material solution. Otherwise, the experiment is repeated until a qualified raw material solution is obtained. A nonionic surfactant is added to the qualified raw material solution and subjected to high-speed processing. After emulsification, magnetic stirring is continued, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is added during the stirring process. When the tetraethyl orthosilicate is completely hydrolyzed in the qualified raw material solution, stirring is stopped to obtain a pretreated qualified raw material solution. The pretreated qualified raw material solution is subjected to composite shaping treatment with expanded graphite to obtain nanocapsules combined with expanded graphite composite phase change material, which are labeled as target nanocapsule cold storage material, wherein the target nanocapsule cold storage material is a solid material. Specifically, the pretreatment of the target nanocapsule cold storage material, followed by cold storage treatment after pretreatment to obtain a fully cold storage material, involves: The standard size of the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material is preset, and all the target nano-microcapsule cold storage materials are divided into different units of the standard size. A resistance temperature sensor is implanted in the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material of each unit to obtain the target nano-microcapsule cold storage material unit. The target nano-microcapsule cold storage material was loaded into an ultra-low temperature freezer in batches, and the temperature in the ultra-low temperature freezer was preset to -25℃, and the temperature of the ultra-low temperature freezer was controlled to be stable at -25℃. The core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material is continuously monitored and recorded using a resistance temperature sensor, and a temperature change curve is constructed and calibrated as the material temperature change curve. Analyzing the temperature change curve of the material, if the core temperature of the target nanocapsule cold storage material remains stable within the range of ±1℃ from -25℃ for at least 2 hours, then the target nanocapsule cold storage material is calibrated as a complete cold storage material.

2. The nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves calculating the heat load of fruits and vegetables to obtain the minimum mass of the complete cold storage material, integrating and arranging the fruits and vegetables, and finally implementing cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control. Specifically: Identify the fruits and vegetables that require cold chain logistics transportation, label them as target fruits and vegetables, and use big data networks to retrieve the respiration heat rate of the target fruits and vegetables at different temperatures, while also obtaining the total mass and estimated transportation time of the target fruits and vegetables. Based on the respiratory heat rate of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures, the total mass of the target fruit and vegetable products, and the expected transportation time, calculate the respiratory heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products at different temperatures. Determine the transport temperature of the cold chain logistics equipment for transporting the target fruits and vegetables, and calibrate it as the target transport temperature. Also determine the respiratory heat load of the target fruits and vegetables at the target transport temperature, and calibrate it as the target respiratory heat load. Determine the surface area of ​​the packaging box containing the target fruits and vegetables and the temperature difference between the inside and outside, and calculate the environmental heat loss based on the estimated transportation time; By combining the target respiratory heat load and the ambient heat loss, the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation is calculated, and the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material is calculated based on the total heat load of the target fruit and vegetable products during transportation. Based on the surface area of ​​the packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables, the target fruits and vegetables are integrated and arranged using a top-mounted method. At the same time, temperature monitoring sensors are placed on different packaging boxes containing the target fruits and vegetables to monitor the ambient temperature of the target fruits and vegetables in real time. By combining top-mounted processing methods, cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control are carried out on the target fruits and vegetables.

3. The nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method combining top-mounted processing for cold chain transportation and coordinated temperature control of target fruits and vegetables specifically includes: The target fruit and vegetable products are integrated and arranged using an upper placement method. The upper placement method involves making the fully cold storage material into cold storage plates based on the minimum mass of the fully cold storage material, and placing all the cold storage plates flat on the top layer inside the packaging box containing the target fruit and vegetable products, and tightly attaching them to the box lid. The phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material is retrieved. Based on the ambient temperature recorded by the temperature monitoring sensor on the packaging box containing the target fruits and vegetables, an ambient temperature change curve is constructed. The ambient temperature change curve is analyzed. When the ambient temperature is equal to the phase transition temperature of the fully cold-storage material, the target fruits and vegetables are subjected to synergistic temperature control treatment in combination with the fully cold-storage material.

4. The nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage method for fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of evaluating the transportation effectiveness of the target fruits and vegetables after transportation, combined with the use of fully chilled materials, and recycling the fully chilled materials, specifically involves: After the target fruit and vegetable products are transported to their destination via cold chain, the temperature change curve of the surrounding environment is analyzed to calculate the maximum temperature fluctuation range when the surrounding environment temperature is equal to the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material. If the maximum temperature fluctuation range after the ambient temperature equals the phase change temperature of the fully cold storage material is not greater than the standard range, then the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is qualified; otherwise, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is unqualified. If the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruit and vegetable products is not up to standard, the target fruit and vegetable products will be sampled for weight loss rate calculation and state calculation. The state of the target fruit and vegetable products includes color, hardness and number of rotten spots. If the weight loss rate and condition of the sampled target fruits and vegetables are maintained within the standard range, the cold chain transportation effect of the target fruits and vegetables will be reassessed and marked as qualified. After cold chain transportation, the surface of the fully cold storage material is analyzed. The fully cold storage material with surface damage is discarded, and the fully cold storage material without surface damage is labeled as recyclable fully cold storage material. The recyclable fully cold storage material is subjected to secondary freezing in an ultra-low temperature freezer. After the number of secondary freezing cycles equals a preset value, the phase change enthalpy decay rate of the recyclable fully cold storage material is tested by differential scanning calorimetry. If the phase change enthalpy decay rate is less than the standard value, the recyclable fully cold storage material is calibrated as a recyclable fully cold storage material.

5. A nano-microcapsule composite phase change cold storage system suitable for cold chain logistics of fruits and vegetables, characterized in that, The nanocapsule composite phase change cooling system integrates a high-performance computing architecture and a data storage module, including a non-volatile memory consisting of a DDR4 RDIMM memory module with ECC verification and an NVMe solid-state storage array using 3D NAND flash memory, and a multi-core processor based on the Zen4 microarchitecture. The memory contains a nanocapsule composite phase change cooling method program with a cooling monitoring engine. When the program is decoded and executed in parallel by the superscalar pipeline execution unit in the processor, the nanocapsule composite phase change cooling method as described in any one of claims 1-4 is realized.

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