Macro-micro composite electrode
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING SANBO BRAIN HOSPITAL
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing macro-micro composite electrodes, the microelectrode does not make good contact with the target cell, resulting in a limited detection range, insufficient signal accuracy, and inability to provide effective comparative reference.
A macro-micro composite electrode is designed, in which the microelectrode wire can extend and retract inside and outside the sleeve. The extension of the microelectrode wire is controlled by a drive structure such as a mandrel or shape memory alloy component, ensuring vertical puncture and independent control. Combined with elastic components and through-hole structure, stable connection and accurate measurement of the microelectrode wire are achieved.
It improves the contact strength and depth between the microelectrode wire and the target cells, enhances the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the detection, solves the problem of poor contact between the microelectrode point and the tissue, and realizes signal comparison and reference and more accurate disease diagnosis.
Smart Images
Figure CN121265063B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a macro-micro composite electrode. Background Technology
[0002] Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain's neurons, and seizures are characterized by their recurrence and brevity. Causes of epilepsy include muscle contractions, developmental disorders of the cerebral cortex, brain tumors, head trauma, central nervous system infections, and may also be related to genetics. Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy require surgery for radical treatment. Preoperative evaluation is a crucial factor affecting surgical outcomes. Current non-invasive examination methods cannot accurately pinpoint the location of the epileptogenic focus. Stereotactic electroencephalography (EEG), using intracranial electrodes, provides a more accurate and direct high-resolution monitoring of brain activity. Furthermore, by implanting electrodes at the base of the sulci or deep within the brain, interference from the scalp and skull can be eliminated, resulting in higher-quality EEG data. Stereotactic EEG technology allows direct placement of electrodes to targeted intracranial sites, such as the deep frontal lobe, medial surface of the brain, cingulate gyrus, and medial temporal lobe—areas inaccessible to conventional cortical electrodes. This technology combines imaging techniques such as MRI and CTA or angiography, and by designing the electrode implantation path before surgery, it avoids intracranial arteries and veins, minimizing brain damage through a minimally invasive approach.
[0003] Macro-micro hybrid electrodes are a novel type of electrode that combines macroelectrodes and microelectrodes. By detecting clustered firing activity of cells and the firing activity of individual cells, they help researchers and medical professionals understand the operational characteristics of functional areas of cells. Macroelectrodes are used to study the electroencephalogram (EEG)-clinical correlation related to clustered firing of brain cells, describing the mechanisms of coordinated operation of regional brain tissue and interpreting the characteristics of brain function from a macroscopic perspective. Microelectrodes are used to study the firing of individual cells and neurons, precisely informing researchers of the exact electrical activity of neurons near the electrode and how the activity of these neurons develops into clustered firing, interpreting the brain from the most basic unit. Macro-micro hybrid electrodes offer the possibility of a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of brain neural activity, helping doctors to diagnose conditions more accurately and develop treatment plans.
[0004] In the existing technology, macro-micro composite electrodes integrate fixed macro electrodes and micro electrodes on the side wall of the sheath. The macro electrodes and micro electrodes transmit the received signals outward through wires. The number of individual neurons that the micro electrodes can contact is very limited, and they can only detect cells around the sheath. Therefore, their detection range is very limited. In addition, the micro electrodes covering the side wall of the sheath do not make good contact with the target cells, resulting in inaccurate detection data.
[0005] In the applicant's previous related applications, microelectrode wires in macro-micro composite electrodes were extended through their tips to collect electrical signals. Although a certain number of electrical signals could be collected, the quantity and range were still limited, and the correlation between the signals obtained by the microelectrodes and those obtained by the macroelectrodes was weak, making comparative reference impossible. Current scientific research and clinical practice require more and more precise single-cell electrical signals. Simply increasing the number of microelectrode wires in existing technical solutions would negate the advantages of collecting more electrical signals due to implantation trauma. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To improve the detection range and accuracy of macro-micro composite electrodes in use, this application provides a macro-micro composite electrode.
[0007] The macro-micro composite electrode provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A macro-micro composite electrode includes a sleeve, wherein a plurality of macro electrode points are spaced apart along the length of the outer circumference of the sleeve, and macro electrode wires connected to the macro electrode points are disposed inside the sleeve.
[0009] The sleeve is also provided with a plurality of microelectrode wires along its length, and the sleeve is provided with through holes corresponding to the microelectrode wires; the sleeve is provided with microelectrode wires connected to the microelectrode wires.
[0010] In the first state, the microelectrode wire is retracted into the sleeve; in the second state, the microelectrode wire can extend out of the sleeve through the corresponding through hole.
[0011] The sleeve is also provided with a driving structure for driving the microelectrode wire to extend out of the sleeve.
[0012] The microelectrode wires in this application possess sufficient rigidity. Before use, the microelectrode wires can be housed inside the cannula. After the macro-micro composite electrode is implanted into the human cranium, the microelectrode wires can extend from the side wall of the cannula under the drive of the driving structure, thereby precisely piercing into the predetermined target cells to measure the electrical signals of the target cells. In this application, multiple macroelectrode points and multiple microelectrode wires work together for comparison, forming comprehensive, accurate, and reliable detection data.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the microelectrode wire can be extended and retracted inside and outside the sheath. It can extend outside the sheath to measure cell electrical signals when needed, and retract into the sheath when not in use. This solves the problem of poor contact between existing microelectrode structures and target tissue cells. Furthermore, the macroelectrode point and the microelectrode wire can acquire different signals for comparison and reference, improving the effectiveness of detection and helping doctors to diagnose the condition more accurately and formulate treatment plans.
[0014] Optionally, the microelectrode wire is arranged radially along the sleeve, and a plurality of elastic elements are provided on the inner wall of the sleeve. All the elastic elements are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with all the through holes. The inner end of the microelectrode wire is fixed to the corresponding elastic element, and in the first state, the outer end of the microelectrode wire is located in the corresponding through hole.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the microelectrode wire is formed to extend vertically. The angle of the microelectrode wire extension is almost perpendicular to the surface of the cannula. Relying on the external force applied by the driving structure, the microelectrode wire has greater puncture force, better depth, and higher success rate, solving the problems of poor contact between the microelectrode point and the tissue and the inability to achieve lateral extension of the microelectrode wire in the existing structure.
[0016] Optionally, one side of the elastic element has a connecting wall that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, the connecting wall being a straight line in the cross section along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the other side of the elastic element having a spherical curved surface, the spherical curved surface being an arc in the cross section along the axial direction of the sleeve.
[0017] The inner end of the microelectrode wire is fixed to the inner wall of the spherical curved surface, and in the first state, the microelectrode wire does not extend beyond the outer wall of the sleeve.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic element can be stably and reliably connected to the inner wall of the cannula, and the microelectrode wire can be stably and reliably connected to the elastic element. The elastic element can protect the microelectrode wire, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the microelectrode wire installation and connection. The inner end of the microelectrode wire is fixed to the inner wall of the spherical curved surface of the elastic element and can be retracted into the elastic element. This allows the microelectrode wire to be retracted into the cannula in the first state and extended out of the cannula in the second state. This enables the microelectrode wire to extend from the outer side of the cannula to measure the electrical signal of the target cell, and the extension angle of the microelectrode wire is almost perpendicular to the surface of the cannula, which increases the puncture force, improves the puncture depth, and increases the success rate.
[0019] Optionally, the drive structure includes a mandrel that can be inserted into the sleeve. When the mandrel is inserted into the sleeve, it can compress the elastic element to generate deformation and cause the microelectrode wire on the elastic element to pass through the corresponding through hole and extend out of the sleeve.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the mandrel inserted into the sleeve can squeeze the elastic element to allow the microelectrode wire to pass through the through hole and extend out of the sleeve, realizing the microelectrode wire to extend from the side of the sleeve to measure the electrical signal of the cell. The elastic restoring force of the elastic element facilitates the contraction and return of the microelectrode wire to its original position, making the operation convenient and reliable.
[0021] Optionally, the sleeve is cylindrical, and the macro electrode point is formed by an annular metal ring that surrounds the sleeve circumferentially, with any two adjacent macro electrode points being isolated by an insulating material.
[0022] The mandrel is cylindrical; all the microelectrode wires are divided into several groups, and several microelectrode wires in each group are evenly spaced along the circumference of the sleeve.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the sleeve is cylindrical, the macro electrode points are formed by annular metal rings and adjacent macro electrode points are isolated by insulating material, which can ensure that the macro electrode signal acquisition does not interfere with each other; the mandrel is cylindrical and fits the sleeve, which is convenient to insert into the sleeve to drive the microelectrode wire; the microelectrode wires are grouped and evenly spaced along the circumference of the sleeve, which can more comprehensively measure cell electrical signals.
[0024] Optionally, a plurality of air bladders are spaced apart along the axial direction on the mandrel, each air bladder corresponding to a set of microelectrode wires, and a venting tube connecting each air bladder is provided inside the sleeve.
[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, a ventilator connected to the air bladder is set inside the sleeve. The expansion of the air bladder can be used to squeeze the elastic element, so that the corresponding group of microelectrode wires can pass through the through hole and extend out of the sleeve. This enables independent drive control of the extension of each group of microelectrode wires, which can more accurately control the extension of different groups of microelectrode wires and better realize the extension of microelectrode wires from the side of the outer sleeve to measure cell electrical signals.
[0026] Optionally, one end of the sleeve is an open end and the other end is a closed end. The closed end of the sleeve is an arc-shaped protruding surface, and a through hole is also provided on the closed end of the sleeve. The mandrel is inserted into the sleeve from the open end of the sleeve. The inner end of the mandrel is also provided with a microelectrode wire along its axial direction, and the microelectrode wire can pass through the through hole on the closed end of the sleeve and thus extend out of the sleeve.
[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, macro electrode points distributed on the outer circumference of the sleeve can receive relevant signals, and macro electrode wires are set inside the sleeve to transmit macro electrode point signals; micro electrode wires are arranged at intervals on the sleeve, and micro electrode wires are set inside the sleeve to transmit micro electrode wire signals. In the first state, the micro electrode wires are retracted into the sleeve, and in the second state, the micro electrode wires can extend out of the sleeve. The driving structure can drive the micro electrode wires to extend; the micro electrode wires are arranged radially along the sleeve and connected by elastic elements, which facilitates the reset and extension of the micro electrode wires; the specific shape design of the elastic elements facilitates the installation and extension of the micro electrode wires; the mandrel is inserted into the sleeve and squeezes the elastic elements to extend the micro electrode wires; the sleeve is cylindrical, the macro electrode points are formed by annular metal rings and are isolated from each other, and the micro electrode wires are grouped and circumferentially evenly arranged to facilitate signal acquisition; the closed end of the sleeve is an arc-shaped protruding surface with a through hole, and the axial micro electrode wire set inside the mandrel can extend from the through hole at the closed end, which can increase the detection range of the micro electrode wires at different positions and improve the comprehensiveness of signal acquisition.
[0028] Optionally, an axial slide rail structure is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel and the inner wall of the sleeve.
[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, an axial slide rail structure is set between the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel and the inner wall of the sleeve, which can ensure the stability of the mandrel's advancing direction in the sleeve, allowing the mandrel to squeeze the elastic element more smoothly, and allowing the microelectrode wire to pass smoothly through the through hole and extend out of the sleeve.
[0030] Optionally, the driving structure includes a shape memory alloy component disposed at the elastic element, and a driving wire connected to the shape memory alloy component is disposed inside the sleeve.
[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving structure uses a shape memory alloy component located at the elastic element and a driving wire connected to it. The shape memory alloy component's properties are utilized to control its deformation via the driving wire, thereby driving the microelectrode wire to extend out of the sleeve. The electronic control system can precisely control the extension length of each set of microelectrode wires, ensuring accuracy and reliability.
[0032] Optionally, the distance between each of the macro electrode points is 3.5mm to 5mm; the number of micro electrode wire groups is equal to or greater than the number of macro electrode points; and the several through holes opened on the side wall of the sleeve are respectively located between two adjacent macro electrode points or on one side of the macro electrode points.
[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions, the macro electrode points are rationally arranged, the electrode signal acquisition is optimized, and the comprehensiveness of signal acquisition is improved. The through holes on the side wall of the sleeve are respectively set between two adjacent macro electrode points or on one side of the macro electrode points, which makes it easier for the micro electrode wire to extend out of the sleeve from a suitable position, so as to better acquire signals and compare macro and micro electrode signals, thereby providing a scientific basis for doctors to more accurately diagnose the condition and formulate treatment plans.
[0034] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0035] 1. In this application, a microelectrode wire extends from the outer side of the sheath and can penetrate deep into the target cell to accurately measure the electrical signal of the target cell.
[0036] 2. In this application, by optimizing the installation structure of the microelectrode wire, the angle at which the microelectrode wire extends is almost perpendicular to the surface of the cannula, resulting in greater puncture force, better depth, and higher success rate of the microelectrode wire.
[0037] 3. The macro-micro composite electrode in this application effectively solves the problem of poor contact between the electrode point and the tissue when the existing microelectrode structure is set on the electrode side surface.
[0038] 4. The microelectrode wire in this application can be controlled independently, has a wide detection range, strong adaptability, and is more accurate and effective. Attached Figure Description
[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the macro-micro composite electrode in Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the macro-micro composite electrode in Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the macro-micro composite electrode in Embodiment 2 of this application.
[0042] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the macro-micro composite electrode in Embodiment 3 of this application.
[0043] In the picture:
[0044] 10. Sleeve; 11. Through hole; 12. Open end; 13. Closed end;
[0045] 20. Macro electrode point;
[0046] 30. Macro electrode wire;
[0047] 40. Microelectrode wire;
[0048] 50. Microelectrode wires;
[0049] 60. Drive structure; 61. Spindle; 62. Airbag; 63. Shape memory alloy component; 64. Drive wire; 65. Vent tube;
[0050] 70. Elastic element; 71. Connecting wall; 72. Spherical surface;
[0051] 80. External detection controller. Detailed Implementation
[0052] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention and not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1
[0053] Reference Figure 1As shown, the macro-micro composite electrode in this application includes a sleeve 10, which is cylindrical in shape and made of an insulating material, such as medical-grade polyether ether ketone (PEEK), which is resistant to high temperature (≥150℃) and has excellent insulation properties. The diameter of the sleeve 10 is 0.8mm to 2mm; one end of the sleeve 10 is a closed end 13, and the other end is an open end 12; several macro electrode points 20 are arranged at intervals along the length of the sleeve 10. The macro electrode points 20 are formed by annular metal rings surrounding the sleeve 10, and the distance between each macro electrode point 20 is 3.5mm to 5mm; the macro electrode points 20 are isolated from each other by insulating material, which can ensure that the macro electrode points 20 do not interfere with each other and accurately acquire signals; the closed end 13 of the sleeve 10 is an arc-shaped protrusion, and the outer surface of the arc-shaped protrusion is a smooth curved surface, that is, the closed end 13 of the sleeve 10 is rounded and blunt, which helps to reduce the insertion resistance when the entire macro-micro composite electrode is implanted into the human body and avoid damage to human tissue; the macro electrode points 20 are formed by annular metal rings surrounding the outer circumference of the sleeve 10. The macro electrode points 20 can be made of biocompatible materials (such as platinum-iridium alloy, stainless steel). Depending on the depth of the target tissue region, the length of the entire sleeve 10 and the number of macro electrode points 20 can be customized as needed. For example, the number of macro electrode points 20 can be 5 to 8, which makes the layout more reasonable and facilitates accurate measurement. In this embodiment, 6 macro electrode points 20 are used as an example. Macro electrode wires 30 are provided inside the sleeve 10 for electrically connecting each macro electrode point 20 to the external detection controller 80. The macro electrode wires 30 extend from the opening end 12 of the sleeve 10 and are connected to the external detection controller 80.
[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve 10 is also provided with several groups of microelectrode wires 40 along its length direction. Each group of microelectrode wires 40 has 2, 4 or 6 microelectrode wires 40. In this embodiment, the number of microelectrode wires 40 in each group is 4. The 4 microelectrode wires 40 in each group are evenly spaced along the circumference of the sleeve 10. The sleeve 10 is provided with through holes 11 corresponding to the microelectrode wires 40. The through holes 11 are located between two adjacent macroelectrode points 20 or on one side of the macroelectrode point 20. The sleeve 10 is provided with microelectrode wires 50 connected to the microelectrode wires 40. In the first state, the microelectrode wires 40 are reset and retracted into the sleeve 10. In the second state, the microelectrode wires 40 can pass through the corresponding through holes 11 and extend out of the sleeve 10. The sleeve 10 is also provided with a driving structure 60 for driving the microelectrode wires 40 to extend out of the sleeve 10.
[0055] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the microelectrode wire 40 is arranged radially along the sleeve 10. Several elastic elements 70, which can be made of rubber, are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 10. Each elastic element 70 corresponds to one of the through holes 11. The inner end of the microelectrode wire 40 is fixed to the corresponding elastic element 70. In the first state, the outer end of the microelectrode wire 40 is located in the corresponding through hole 11. The elastic element 70 functions to reset and push the microelectrode wire 40. When the driving structure 60 applies force, the elastic element 70 deforms, and the microelectrode wire 40 extends out of the sleeve 10. When the force of the driving structure 60 disappears, the elastic element 70 returns to its original shape, and the microelectrode wire 40 retracts into the sleeve 10. In this embodiment, the microelectrode wire 40 can form a vertically extending wire. Relying on the external force applied by the driving structure 60, the microelectrode wire 40 has greater puncture force, better depth, and higher success rate, solving the problems of poor contact between the microelectrode point and tissue and the inability to achieve lateral extension of the microelectrode wire 40 in existing structures. In this embodiment, one side of the elastic element 70 has a connecting wall 71 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 10. The connecting wall 71 is a straight line in the cross-section along the axial direction of the sleeve 10. The other side of the elastic element 70 is a spherical curved surface 72, which is an arc in the cross-section along the axial direction of the sleeve 10. The inner end of the microelectrode wire 40 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spherical curved surface 72, and in the first state, the microelectrode wire 40 does not extend beyond the outer wall of the sleeve 10. The elastic element 70 can be stably and reliably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 10, and the microelectrode wire 40 is stably and reliably connected to the elastic element 70. The elastic element 70 can protect the microelectrode wire 40, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the installation and connection of the microelectrode wire 40.
[0056] The drive structure 60 in this embodiment includes a mandrel 61 that can be inserted into the sleeve 10. The mandrel 61 is cylindrical. When the mandrel 61 is inserted into the sleeve 10, it can compress the elastic element 70 to produce deformation and cause the microelectrode wire 40 on the elastic element 70 to pass through the corresponding through hole 11 and extend out of the sleeve 10. The mandrel 61 can be made of materials with certain hardness and elasticity, such as stainless steel or hard plastic, to ensure that it can be smoothly inserted into the sleeve 10 and compress the elastic element 70. An axial slide rail structure is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 61 and the inner wall of the sleeve 10 to ensure that the mandrel 61 is pushed in an accurate and reliable direction. The axial slide rail structure can be a combination of a guide rail and a slider. The guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 10, and the slider is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 61.
[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of air bladders 62 are spaced apart along the axial direction on the mandrel 61. Each air bladder 62 corresponds to a set of microelectrode wires 40. A venting pipe 65 is provided inside the sleeve 10, connecting each air bladder 62. An external air pump and a solenoid valve inflate the air bladders 62 through the venting pipe 65. The expansion of the air bladders 62 can be used to compress the elastic element 70, causing the corresponding set of microelectrode wires 40 to extend out of the sleeve 10 through the through hole 11. This enables independent drive control of the extension of each set of microelectrode wires 40, thereby allowing for more precise control of the extension of different sets of microelectrode wires 40 to measure cellular electrical signals.
[0058] In this embodiment, a through hole 11 is also provided on the closed end 13 of the sleeve 10; the mandrel 61 is inserted into the sleeve 10 from the open end 12, and a microelectrode wire 40 is also provided on the inner end of the mandrel 61 along its axial direction. A microelectrode wire 50 connected to the microelectrode wire 40 is provided on the side wall of the mandrel 61. The microelectrode wire 40 at the inner end of the mandrel 61 can pass through the through hole 11 on the closed end 13 of the sleeve 10 and thus extend out of the sleeve 10. This can increase the detection range of the microelectrode wire 40 at different positions and improve the comprehensiveness of signal acquisition.
[0059] The implementation principle is as follows: Before use, the microelectrode wire 40 is in the first state, retracted into the sleeve 10 to avoid damage to brain tissue during insertion. When the macro-micro composite electrode reaches the expected depth, the mandrel 61 is inserted into the sleeve 10. The mandrel 61 compresses the elastic element 70, causing it to deform. The microelectrode wire 40 then passes through the through hole 11 and extends out of the sleeve 10, entering the second state. At this point, the microelectrode wire 40 can better contact nerve tissue cells and collect subtle nerve signals. The macroelectrode point 20 also collects signals simultaneously. The macroelectrode lead 30 and the microelectrode lead 50 transmit the collected signals for easy comparison and reference. This structural design solves the problems of difficulty in lateral extension of the microelectrode wire 40 and the inability to compare and reference signals in existing macro-micro composite electrodes, improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of brain nerve signal acquisition, and is of great significance for the diagnosis and research of brain diseases.
[0060] In this application, the macro electrode points 20 and micro electrode wires 40 are rationally arranged to optimize electrode signal acquisition and improve the comprehensiveness of signal acquisition. The through holes 11 on the side wall of the sleeve 10 are respectively set between two adjacent macro electrode points 20 or on one side of the macro electrode point 20, so that the micro electrode wires 40 can extend out of the sleeve 10 from a suitable position, better perform signal acquisition and comparison between macro and micro electrode signals, thereby providing a scientific basis for doctors to more accurately diagnose the condition and formulate treatment plans. Example 2
[0061] Reference Figure 3As shown, this embodiment is largely the same as Embodiment 1, except that the driving structure 60 in this embodiment includes a shape memory alloy component 63 disposed at the elastic member 70, and a driving wire 64 connected to the shape memory alloy component 63 is disposed inside the sleeve 10. The shape memory alloy component 63 has the characteristic of changing shape at a specific temperature. When current is applied to the shape memory alloy component 63 through the driving wire 64, the shape memory alloy component 63 heats up and changes shape, thereby squeezing the elastic member 70 and causing the microelectrode wire 40 to extend out of the sleeve 10. The shape memory alloy component 63 can be made of materials with good shape memory properties, such as nickel-titanium alloy.
[0062] The implementation principle is as follows: When the microelectrode wire 40 needs to extend, current is applied to the shape memory alloy part 63 through the drive wire 64, causing it to heat up and deform, compressing the elastic part 70, thus extending the microelectrode wire 40. When the extension of the microelectrode wire 40 is no longer needed, the current is stopped, the shape memory alloy part 63 returns to its original shape, the elastic part 70 also returns to its original shape, and the microelectrode wire 40 retracts into the sleeve 10. This driving method can more precisely control the extension and retraction of the microelectrode wire 40, and it does not require the insertion of the mandrel 61, reducing the space occupied inside the sleeve 10 and improving the compactness of the structure and ease of use. At the same time, it can still realize the functions of lateral extension of the microelectrode and signal comparison reference, further improving and optimizing the existing technology.
[0063] Of course, as an alternative, the shape memory alloy part 63 in this application can also be installed on the spindle 61 to replace the airbag 62 and achieve the same function. Example 3
[0064] Reference Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is largely the same as embodiment 1, except that the macro electrode point 20 in this embodiment is not a complete ring, but a macro electrode point group formed by multiple arc-shaped electrode sheets arranged circumferentially around the sleeve 10. For example, each macro electrode point group can be provided with three arc-shaped electrode sheets, with gaps between the arc-shaped electrode sheets. The microelectrode wire 40 can be provided between two adjacent arc-shaped electrode sheets in the same macro electrode point group, and can extend from the gap between the two arc-shaped electrode sheets.
[0065] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A macro-micro composite electrode, comprising a sleeve (10), wherein a plurality of macro electrode points (20) are spaced apart along the length direction on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve (10), and a macro electrode wire (30) connected to the macro electrode points (20) is disposed inside the sleeve (10); Its features are, The sleeve (10) is also provided with a plurality of microelectrode wires (40) along its length direction, and the sleeve (10) is provided with through holes (11) corresponding to the microelectrode wires (40) one by one; the plurality of through holes (11) are respectively located between two adjacent macroelectrode points (20) or on one side of the macroelectrode point (20); The sleeve (10) is provided with a microelectrode wire (50) connected to the microelectrode wire (40); In the first state, the microelectrode wire (40) is retracted into the sleeve (10) through the through hole (11) along the radial direction of the sleeve (10); in the second state, the microelectrode wire (40) can extend out of the sleeve (10) through the corresponding through hole (11) along the radial direction of the sleeve (10). The sleeve (10) is also provided with a driving structure (60) for driving the microelectrode wire (40) to extend out of the sleeve (10); The microelectrode wire (40) is arranged radially along the sleeve (10). A plurality of elastic elements (70) are provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (10). All the elastic elements (70) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with all the through holes (11). The inner end of the microelectrode wire (40) is fixedly connected to the corresponding elastic element (70). In the first state, the outer end of the microelectrode wire (40) is located in the corresponding through hole (11). The drive structure (60) includes a mandrel (61) that can be inserted into the sleeve (10). When the mandrel (61) is inserted into the sleeve (10), it can compress the elastic element (70) to generate deformation and cause the microelectrode wire (40) on the elastic element (70) to pass through the corresponding through hole (11) and extend out of the sleeve (10). Several airbags (62) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the spindle (61), each airbag (62) corresponds to a set of microelectrode wires (40), and a venting tube (65) connecting each airbag (62) is provided inside the sleeve (10).
2. The macro-micro composite electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the elastic element (70) has a connecting wall (71) that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (10). The connecting wall (71) is a straight line in the cross section along the axial direction of the sleeve (10). The other side of the elastic element (70) is a spherical curved surface (72). The spherical curved surface (72) is an arc in the cross section along the axial direction of the sleeve (10). The inner end of the microelectrode wire (40) is fixed to the inner wall of the spherical curved surface (72), and in the first state, the outer end of the microelectrode wire (40) does not extend beyond the outer wall of the sleeve (10).
3. The macro-micro composite electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (10) is cylindrical, and the macro electrode point (20) is formed by an annular metal ring that surrounds the sleeve (10) in the circumference. Any two adjacent macro electrode points (20) are isolated by insulating material. The mandrel (61) is cylindrical; all the microelectrode wires (40) are divided into several groups, and several microelectrode wires (40) in each group are evenly spaced along the circumference of the sleeve (10).
4. The macro-micro composite electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the sleeve (10) is an open end (12) and the other end is a closed end (13). The closed end (13) of the sleeve (10) is an arc-shaped protruding surface, and a through hole (11) is also provided on the closed end (13) of the sleeve (10). The mandrel (61) is inserted into the sleeve (10) from the open end (12). The inner end of the mandrel (61) is also provided with a microelectrode wire (40) along its axial direction. The microelectrode wire (40) can pass through the through hole (11) on the closed end (13) of the sleeve (10) and thus extend out of the sleeve (10).
5. The macro-micro composite electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, An axial slide rail structure is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel (61) and the inner wall of the sleeve (10).
6. The macro-micro composite electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between each of the macro electrode points (20) is 3.5 mm to 5 mm; the number of groups of micro electrode wires (40) is equal to or greater than the number of macro electrode points (20); and the several through holes (11) opened on the side wall of the sleeve (10) are respectively located between two adjacent macro electrode points (20) or on one side of the macro electrode point (20).