A Ka-band broadband characteristic meopole antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a Ka-band broadband characteristic magnetoelectric dipole antenna and belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave radio frequency front-end devices. The antenna comprises, from top to bottom, an upper dielectric substrate, a semi-cured layer, a lower dielectric substrate and a metal ground back plate. The upper dielectric substrate is provided with four special hexagonal radiation patches, a central rectangular feeding patch and four rectangular parasitic patches. The four radiation patches enclose a cross-shaped gap, the central feeding patch and the lower specific metal through hole and metal blind hole jointly form a Γ-shaped feeding probe. Each radiation patch and parasitic patch is connected to the metal ground back plate through a metal through hole. The application has the advantages of wide bandwidth, stable performance and compact structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a Ka-band broadband characteristic magneto-electric dipole antenna and belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave radio frequency front-end devices. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of emerging technologies such as 5G communication, millimeter wave radar, ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning, higher performance requirements are put forward for antenna devices working in the millimeter wave frequency band. As one of the core application frequency bands of the millimeter wave frequency band, the 26.5-40GHz frequency band covered by the Ka band has the advantages of high signal transmission rate, strong anti-interference ability, small device size, etc., and plays an irreplaceable role in high-speed wireless communication, precise radar detection, short-distance high-precision positioning and other scenes, becoming the focus of current radio frequency front-end device research and development.

[0003] Most Ka-band antennas are limited by structural design, and have narrow impedance bandwidth, and it is difficult to cover the whole Ka-band (26.5-40GHz) and adjacent Q-band low segment (40-46GHz) at the same time. This leads to limited applicability of the antenna in multi-band compatible scenarios, for example, it cannot meet the needs of switching work at different frequency bands such as 27GHz (key frequency band of 5G millimeter wave communication) and 35GHz (commonly used frequency band of radar detection), and multiple antennas need to be matched to realize full-scene coverage, increasing the difficulty and cost of device integration.

[0004] Under this background, it is a key requirement to develop a broadband magneto-electric dipole antenna that can cover the whole Ka-band and has excellent impedance matching performance and stable radiation characteristics, to solve the technical pain points of current millimeter wave radio frequency front-end devices and promote the landing of technologies in the fields of 5G communication, radar detection, etc. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a Ka-band broadband characteristic magneto-electric dipole antenna to avoid the shortcomings in the background art.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved as follows:

[0007] A Ka-band broadband characteristic magneto-electric dipole antenna, comprising an upper layer dielectric substrate, a semi-cured layer, a lower layer dielectric substrate and a metal ground back plate stacked in order from top to bottom; the upper surface of the upper layer dielectric substrate is provided with a radiation patch, a rectangular patch and a parasitic patch;

[0008] The four radiation patches and the four parasitic patches are one-to-one corresponding, the four radiation patches have a cross-shaped gap therebetween, the parasitic patches are respectively located at the outer side of the corresponding radiation patches and are parallel to the adjacent edges of the radiation patches, the rectangular patch is located at the center of the cross-shaped gap, the lower surface of the rectangular patch is provided with a first metal through hole and a metal blind hole at two ends thereof, the tail end of the first metal through hole is connected with a metal ground back plate, and the tail end of the metal blind hole is located at the lower surface of the semi-cured layer.

[0009] The inner end lower surface of the radiation patch is provided with a second metal through hole, the tail end of the second metal through hole is connected with the metal ground back plate, and the lower surface of the parasitic patch is provided with a third metal through hole, the tail end of the third metal through hole is connected with the metal ground back plate.

[0010] Further, the main body of the radiation patch is a rectangular structure, and the rectangular structure is provided with a missing corner A, a missing corner b and a rectangular groove.

[0011] The cross-shaped gap comprises a gap a and a gap b, and the gap a and the gap b are perpendicular to each other; the missing corner A, the missing corner b and the rectangular groove of each radiation patch are all away from the center of the cross-shaped gap, wherein the missing corner A is close to the gap a, the missing corner b is close to the gap b, and the rectangular groove is parallel to the parasitic patch.

[0012] Further, the rectangular patch is located in the gap a and is perpendicular to the central axis of the gap b.

[0013] Further, the rectangular patch, the first metal through hole and the metal blind hole of the lower surface of the rectangular patch form a Γ-shaped feed probe.

[0014] Compared with the background art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The radiation patch in the present application is a hexagonal structure containing a rectangular groove, the whole hexagonal structure is a rectangle with two corners (missing corners) cut off, and this shape further suppresses the high-order mode of the antenna; when the antenna works, the parasitic structure and the rectangular groove structure of the radiation patch generate resonance points respectively, and the S11 parameter of the antenna is further widened.

[0016] 2. The antenna has a reflection coefficient S11 of less than -10 dB in the frequency band of 26.74-46.69 GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth reaches 54.3%, which not only can completely cover the full frequency band (26.5-40 GHz) of the Ka band, but also can be extended to the low segment (40-46 GHz) of the adjacent Q band, thereby breaking through the frequency band fragmentation problem of the traditional antenna, and the antenna has good radiation performance at key frequencies such as 27 GHz, 30 GHz and 35 GHz, and can stably realize efficient signal radiation.

[0017] 3. The conventional magneto-dipole antenna adopts an L-shaped feeding probe and does not contain the metal blind hole, and the Γ-shaped feeding probe in the antenna improves the available bandwidth of the antenna and reduces the volume of the antenna under the premise of ensuring performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a top view of the overall structure of the Ka-band broadband characteristic magneto-dipole antenna.

[0019] Figure 2 is a left view of the overall structure of the Ka-band broadband characteristic magneto-dipole antenna.

[0020] Figure 3 is a left view of the overall structure of the Γ-shaped feeding probe.

[0021] Figure 4 is a left view of the parasitic structure.

[0022] Figure 5 is a left view of the overall structure of the radiation patch and the metal via of the radiation patch.

[0023] Figure 6 is a top view of the overall structure of the radiation patch.

[0024] Figure 7 is a top view of the overall structure of all the patches, the upper layer dielectric substrate, the metal via and the metal blind hole of the antenna.

[0025] Figure 8 is a top view of the overall structure of the Γ-shaped feeding probe.

[0026] Figure 9 is a top view of the parasitic structure.

[0027] Figure 10 is a top view of the overall structure of the radiation patch and the metal via of the radiation patch.

[0028] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structural position of the cross-shaped gap of the present embodiment.

[0029] Figure 12 is a curve graph of the antenna return loss of the present embodiment.

[0030] Figure 13 is a gain pattern of the antenna of the present embodiment at 27 GHz, 30 GHz and 35 GHz, respectively.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Radiation patch, 2. Rectangular patch, 3. Parasitic patch, 4. Upper dielectric substrate, 5. Prepreg layer, 6. Lower dielectric substrate, 7. Metal ground plane, 8. First metal via, 9. Metal blind via, 10. Third metal via, 11. Second metal via, 12. Cross-shaped gap, 12-1. Gap b, 12-2. Gap a, 1-1. Corner notch b, 1-2. Rectangular groove, 1-3. Corner notch A. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0033] This embodiment provides a Ka-band broadband magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the substrate includes an upper dielectric substrate 4, a prepreg layer 5, a lower dielectric substrate 6, and a metal ground plane 7, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 4 is provided with a radiating patch 1, a rectangular patch 2 (i.e., a patch for a Γ-shaped feed probe), and a parasitic patch 3.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, there are four radiating patches 1, all disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 4. Each radiating patch 1 has a rectangular main body, which is then cut into a hexagonal structure, specifically including notched corners A1-3 and b1-1, and rectangular grooves 1-2 are formed at the edges. The four radiating patches 1 are arranged around the center of the antenna, forming a cross-shaped gap 12 between them. This cross-shaped gap is composed of mutually perpendicular gaps a12-2 and b12-1.

[0035] Each radiating patch 1 has a second metal through hole 11 on the lower inner surface. The through hole passes through the upper dielectric substrate 4, the semi-cured layer 5 and the lower dielectric substrate 6, and the end is connected to the metal ground backplate 7 to realize the grounding and current path control of the radiating patch.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the parasitic patches 3 are rectangular metal patches, four in total, disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 4, and located outside the corresponding radiating patch 1, parallel to the adjacent side of the radiating patch 1. Each parasitic patch 3 has a third metal through-hole 10 on its lower surface, which also penetrates the entire dielectric layer and connects to the metal ground plane 7 at its end, used to adjust the antenna resonance characteristics. All parasitic patches are parallel to the gap a12-2.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the rectangular patch 2 is located at the center of the cross-shaped gap 12, specifically in gap a12-2, and perpendicular to the central axis of gap b12-1. The lower surface of the rectangular patch 2 has a first metal through hole 8 and a metal blind hole 9 at each end.

[0038] The first metal through-hole 8 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 4, the semi-cured layer 5, and the lower dielectric substrate 6, and its end is connected to the metal ground backplate 7.

[0039] The length of the metal blind via 9 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the semi-cured layer 5, and its end is located on the lower surface of the semi-cured layer 5, without touching the lower dielectric substrate 6.

[0040] The first metal through-hole 8, the metal blind hole 9, and the rectangular patch 2 together constitute a Γ-shaped feed probe. Compared with the traditional L-shaped probe, this structure effectively expands the working bandwidth of the antenna while maintaining impedance matching performance and helps to reduce the size of the antenna.

[0041] The dielectric constants of the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 6 are both 2.2, and the dielectric constant of the prepreg layer 5 is 3.55. The three dielectric layers together form the antenna substrate, providing support and fixation for the various metal structures.

[0042] A metal ground backplate 7 is disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 6, serving as the grounding and reflecting surface of the antenna.

[0043] Through the above structural design, the antenna of this embodiment has a reflection coefficient S11 < -10dB in the 26.74-46.69GHz frequency band and a relative impedance bandwidth of 54.3%. It not only fully covers the entire Ka band (26.5-40GHz) but also extends to the adjacent lower Q band (40-46GHz).

[0044] Figure 12 The return loss curve of the antenna is shown. It can be seen that at key frequency points such as 27GHz, 30GHz and 35GHz, S11 is below -10dB, indicating that the antenna has good impedance matching characteristics in these frequency bands.

[0045] Figure 13 The gain patterns of the antenna at 27 GHz, 30 GHz, and 35 GHz are shown, demonstrating that the antenna can achieve stable and efficient signal radiation in these frequency bands.

[0046] Appendix Figure 1 The dimensions of the —10 structure are (in millimeters):

[0047] The length of a is 6, the length of b is 6.5, the length of c is 0.6, the length of d and the length of g are equal and both are 0.62, the length of e, the length of i and the length of k are equal and all are 1.25, the length of f, the length of h and the length of l are equal and all are 0.15, the length of m is 2.075, the length of n and the length of U are equal and both are 1, the length of o is 0.85, the length of p is 1.3, the length of q is 0.2, the length of r is 0.25, the length of s is 1.875, the length of t is 2.1, the length of v is 0.9, the length of w is 0.225, the length of x is 0.69, the length of y is 0.5, the length of z is 2.2, the length of zz is 1.675, the length of aa is 0.575, and the length of bb is 1.905.

[0048] The above is only an example. If a broadband characteristic magnetoelectric dipole antenna with different center frequencies is desired, different parameters can be adjusted according to the specific embodiments to achieve different working frequency bands.

[0049] It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the application is only an exemplary description and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the application to only these examples. Those skilled in the art can obtain more specific embodiments by combining the technical features of the various examples, replacing some technical features, adding more technical features, etc., without any creative labor, on the premise of fully understanding the technical solutions of the application. All these specific embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the application, and therefore, these new specific embodiments should also be within the scope of protection of the application.

Claims

1. A Ka-band broadband magnetoelectric dipole antenna, comprising an upper dielectric substrate (4), a prepreg layer (5), a lower dielectric substrate (6), and a metal ground plane (7) stacked sequentially from top to bottom; wherein a radiating patch (1), a rectangular patch (2), and a parasitic patch (3) are disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate (4). The radiation patch (1) and parasitic patch (3) are provided in fours, and the radiation patch (1) and parasitic patch (3) correspond one-to-one; there is a cross-shaped gap (12) between the four radiation patches (1), and the parasitic patch (3) is located on the outside of the corresponding radiation patch (1) and parallel to the adjacent side of the radiation patch (1); the rectangular patch (2) is located at the center of the cross-shaped gap (12), and the two ends of the lower surface of the rectangular patch (2) are respectively provided with a first metal through hole (8) and a metal blind hole (9). The end of the first metal through hole (8) is connected to the metal back plate (7), and the end of the metal blind hole (9) is located on the lower surface of the semi-cured layer (5); The lower inner surface of each of the radiation patches (1) is provided with a second metal through hole (11), and the end of the second metal through hole (11) is connected to a metal ground back plate (7); the lower surface of the parasitic patch (3) is provided with a third metal through hole (10), and the end of the third metal through hole (10) is connected to a metal ground back plate (7). The main body of the radiation patch (1) is a rectangular structure, with a notch A (1-3), a notch b (1-1) and a rectangular groove (1-2) on it. The cross-shaped gap (12) includes gap a (12-2) and gap b (12-1), and gaps a (12-2) and b (12-1) are perpendicular to each other; the notch A (1-3), notch b (1-1), and rectangular groove (1-2) of each radiation patch (1) are all far from the center of the cross-shaped gap (12), wherein, The notch A (1-3) is close to the gap a (12-2), the notch b (1-1) is close to the gap b (12-1), and the rectangular groove (1-2) is parallel to the parasitic patch (3). The rectangular patch (2) is located in gap a (12-2) and is perpendicular to the central axis of gap b (12-1).

2. The Ka-band broadband magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular patch (2) and its lower surface, including the first metal through hole (8) and the metal blind hole (9), constitute a Γ-shaped feed probe.

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